Triggering agents and microbiome as environmental factors on Beh çet’s syndrome

AbstractEnvironmental and other triggering factors are suggested to cause the onset and the clinical relapses of Beh çet's syndrome (BS), a multi-systemic inflammatory disorder. In this review, environmental factors are discussed according to their interactions with etiopathogenesis, immune response and disease activity. Stress is a common self-triggering factor for most BS patients. Stimuli such as some foods can activate oral ulcers, and may be linked to the histamine content of the food. Oral/skin trauma and menstruation associated with hormonal factors aggravate, whereas allergy/atopy seem to alleviate the symptoms of BS. Infections are associated with BS, and microbial stimuli can activate inflammati on in mucosal surfaces with increased Th1/Th17 responses. Fecal and oral microbiom...

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