Modified tie-over technique for lingual sulcoplasty (vestibuloplasty)

Sulcoplasty has traditionally been approached labially and buccally to increase the retention and stability of a denture by increasing the relative vertical depth of an atrophic alveolar ridge.1 The advent of dental endosseous implants has reduced the need for preprosthetic surgery. There has, however, been a resurgence in the use of sulcoplasty with the rise of soft tissue resections and reconstructions for oral malignancy. A sulcoplasty in these cases can restore mobility of the tongue, particularly where the flap and tissue may be tethered at the level of the mandibular crest, despite a good alveolar height. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VkAKqi

Simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint and secondary mandibular deformities in children

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of children with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and secondary mandibular deformities. Between January 2012 and December 2016, 17 children (7 boys and 10 girls, mean (range) age 7 (4 –12) years) were treated. Preoperatively, the mean (range) maximal incisal opening was 1.4 (0–5) mm. Distraction osteogenesis was used to elongate the mandibular body or ramus, or both, after the release of ankylosis. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QcNuLA

Huge ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with metastases treated in several different ways

We present a rare case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with multiple metastases in a 63-year-old Japanese man that was treated in several different ways, including chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VkAF5Y

Changes in position of the hyoid bone and volume of the pharyngeal airway after mandibular setback: three-dimensional analysis

Important aspects of orthognathic surgery are the effects of skeletal movement and changes in the position of the hyoid bone, tongue, soft palate, and dimensions of the pharyngeal airway. Our aims were to evaluate the 3-dimensional changes in the pharyngeal airway and in the position of the hyoid bone after mandibular setback in 30 patients who were diagnosed with mandibular prognathism and were treated by intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO). Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic (CT) images were obtained preoperatively, one month postoperatively, and one year postoperatively. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QdpjNc

Arthroscopically-assisted short endaural approach for anchorage of the disc of the temporomandibular joint

We describe a new approach to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which provides a short endaural access using arthroscopically-assisted surgery. This technique avoids the most common approaches to the TMJ, which may have poor aesthetic outcomes.1,2 (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViwDe4

Condylectomy: treatment of recurrent unilateral dislocation of the temporomandibular joint in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

We report the use of unilateral condylectomy to treat the recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a 21-year-old woman with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Eighteen months after operation the patient had no further dislocation on full mouth opening, and no surgical complications. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Qdph82

Otitis media with effusion in Nigerian children with cleft palate: incidence and risk factors

Otitis media with effusion is common in children with cleft palate, and the aim of this study was to find out its incidence and risk factors in Nigerians. We prospectively studied 84 patients (42 with cleft palate and 42 control subjects); 27 were male and 15 female, who were age and sex matched with control subjects. The extent and size of the clefts were measured using a dental cast and Vernier calipers, and the otitis media was diagnosed with otoscopy and tympanometry. The mean (SD) age of the groups was 11 (7) months (range 1 –33). (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VkAA2a

Extensive bony metastases from facial metatypical basal cell carcinoma: a case report

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is rare. We treated a 44-year-old woman with an extended facial metatypical BCC in whom staging showed no local or distant metastases, but one year after resection, we diagnosed a local recurrence. Re-staging, using a fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomogram, (FDG PET-CT) showed suspected accumulations of FDG in the whole axial skeleton. Bone punch biopsy examination confirmed extensive bony metastases, and after resection of the relapse, we began her on a systemic treatment with a Hedgehog-pathway inhibitor (vismodegib), which resulted in partial remission. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VgTA1q

Day Case Orthognathic Surgery: The First known case series. A new era?

We present a unique case series of over 95 day case orthognathic osteotomies. These cases were operated on by a single experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon, over a five-year period. This is, to our knowledge, the first data set of its kind. We aim to show that in an era of increased budget constraints, day case orthognathic surgery is not only possible but potentially a new model for the future. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VhpTNO

The Link Between Dysplastic Specimen Margins and Recurrence; An 11-Year Study

Introduction: Dysplasia found at the margins of specimens in oral squamous cell carcinoma resections can be a predictive indicator of potential future recurrence. The importance of gaining clear margins should be emphasised in head and neck resection. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QaETt5

Modified tie-over technique for lingual sulcoplasty (vestibuloplasty)

Sulcoplasty has traditionally been approached labially and buccally to increase the retention and stability of a denture by increasing the relative vertical depth of an atrophic alveolar ridge.1 The advent of dental endosseous implants has reduced the need for preprosthetic surgery. There has, however, been a resurgence in the use of sulcoplasty with the rise of soft tissue resections and reconstructions for oral malignancy. A sulcoplasty in these cases can restore mobility of the tongue, particularly where the flap and tissue may be tethered at the level of the mandibular crest, despite a good alveolar height. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VkAKqi

Simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint and secondary mandibular deformities in children

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of children with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and secondary mandibular deformities. Between January 2012 and December 2016, 17 children (7 boys and 10 girls, mean (range) age 7 (4 –12) years) were treated. Preoperatively, the mean (range) maximal incisal opening was 1.4 (0–5) mm. Distraction osteogenesis was used to elongate the mandibular body or ramus, or both, after the release of ankylosis. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QcNuLA

Huge ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with metastases treated in several different ways

We present a rare case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with multiple metastases in a 63-year-old Japanese man that was treated in several different ways, including chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VkAF5Y

Changes in position of the hyoid bone and volume of the pharyngeal airway after mandibular setback: three-dimensional analysis

Important aspects of orthognathic surgery are the effects of skeletal movement and changes in the position of the hyoid bone, tongue, soft palate, and dimensions of the pharyngeal airway. Our aims were to evaluate the 3-dimensional changes in the pharyngeal airway and in the position of the hyoid bone after mandibular setback in 30 patients who were diagnosed with mandibular prognathism and were treated by intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO). Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic (CT) images were obtained preoperatively, one month postoperatively, and one year postoperatively. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QdpjNc

Arthroscopically-assisted short endaural approach for anchorage of the disc of the temporomandibular joint

We describe a new approach to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which provides a short endaural access using arthroscopically-assisted surgery. This technique avoids the most common approaches to the TMJ, which may have poor aesthetic outcomes.1,2 (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViwDe4

Condylectomy: treatment of recurrent unilateral dislocation of the temporomandibular joint in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

We report the use of unilateral condylectomy to treat the recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a 21-year-old woman with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Eighteen months after operation the patient had no further dislocation on full mouth opening, and no surgical complications. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Qdph82

Otitis media with effusion in Nigerian children with cleft palate: incidence and risk factors

Otitis media with effusion is common in children with cleft palate, and the aim of this study was to find out its incidence and risk factors in Nigerians. We prospectively studied 84 patients (42 with cleft palate and 42 control subjects); 27 were male and 15 female, who were age and sex matched with control subjects. The extent and size of the clefts were measured using a dental cast and Vernier calipers, and the otitis media was diagnosed with otoscopy and tympanometry. The mean (SD) age of the groups was 11 (7) months (range 1 –33). (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VkAA2a

Extensive bony metastases from facial metatypical basal cell carcinoma: a case report

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is rare. We treated a 44-year-old woman with an extended facial metatypical BCC in whom staging showed no local or distant metastases, but one year after resection, we diagnosed a local recurrence. Re-staging, using a fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomogram, (FDG PET-CT) showed suspected accumulations of FDG in the whole axial skeleton. Bone punch biopsy examination confirmed extensive bony metastases, and after resection of the relapse, we began her on a systemic treatment with a Hedgehog-pathway inhibitor (vismodegib), which resulted in partial remission. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VgTA1q

Day Case Orthognathic Surgery: The First known case series. A new era?

We present a unique case series of over 95 day case orthognathic osteotomies. These cases were operated on by a single experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon, over a five-year period. This is, to our knowledge, the first data set of its kind. We aim to show that in an era of increased budget constraints, day case orthognathic surgery is not only possible but potentially a new model for the future. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VhpTNO

The Link Between Dysplastic Specimen Margins and Recurrence; An 11-Year Study

Introduction: Dysplasia found at the margins of specimens in oral squamous cell carcinoma resections can be a predictive indicator of potential future recurrence. The importance of gaining clear margins should be emphasised in head and neck resection. (Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QaETt5

Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AjHThy

Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AjHThy

Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Artesunate, Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus in the Sciatic Nerve Regeneration

To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effect of topical tacrolimus and of dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViKiBZ

Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review

There is a wide range of surgical techniques for the treatment of palatal clefts. Some of these surgical procedures result in postoperative osteogenesis at the palatal fissure. The aim of this review was to discuss the current approach of cleft palate surgery leading to spontaneous bone regeneration and to compare these different procedures. Moreover, the causes of bone regeneration, effects on maxillary growth and factors affecting bone regeneration on the hard palate are discussed.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Q9v2Ub

Postoperative Physiotherapy After Open Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Three-Step Program

Well-defined indications for temporomandibular surgery exist. Arthroscopy and arthrocentesis can be considered in cases of osteoarthritis, as well as in patients with a displaced disk leading to pain or impaired mouth opening. When these indications are properly met, an efficacy of up to 83.5% can be achieved.1,2 Open surgery, such as a discectomy, can be considered in cases of severe disk perforation or perseverance of disk displacement symptoms without reduction despite previous discopexy. It can even be considered for partial or total joint replacement (TJR) using an autogenous transplant.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VcDh5L

Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Artesunate, Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus in the Sciatic Nerve Regeneration

To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effect of topical tacrolimus and of dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViKiBZ

Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review

There is a wide range of surgical techniques for the treatment of palatal clefts. Some of these surgical procedures result in postoperative osteogenesis at the palatal fissure. The aim of this review was to discuss the current approach of cleft palate surgery leading to spontaneous bone regeneration and to compare these different procedures. Moreover, the causes of bone regeneration, effects on maxillary growth and factors affecting bone regeneration on the hard palate are discussed.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Q9v2Ub

Postoperative Physiotherapy After Open Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Three-Step Program

Well-defined indications for temporomandibular surgery exist. Arthroscopy and arthrocentesis can be considered in cases of osteoarthritis, as well as in patients with a displaced disk leading to pain or impaired mouth opening. When these indications are properly met, an efficacy of up to 83.5% can be achieved.1,2 Open surgery, such as a discectomy, can be considered in cases of severe disk perforation or perseverance of disk displacement symptoms without reduction despite previous discopexy. It can even be considered for partial or total joint replacement (TJR) using an autogenous transplant.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VcDh5L

" Truth " Campaign to Kids: Better to Smoke 19 Cigarettes than to Vape One Juul Pod

And this " Truth " Campaign " Fact " Isn't Even TrueOne of the oft-repeated " facts " being disseminated by the " truth " campaign is thatone Juul pod is equal to 20 cigarettes worth of nicotine.More specifically, the " truth " campaign claims, as its#1 most important fact about Juul that: " The amount of nicotine in one JUUL cartridge is roughly equal to the amount of nicotine in a pack of cigarettes. "Joining the " truth " campaign in spreading this factual information is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), whoseweb site currently states that: " a single JUUL pod contains as much nicotine as a pack of 20 regular cigarettes. "This " fact " has spread like wildfire. Just as one example, aparenting article in a news magazine writes: " Each JUUL pod contains the approximate...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EViHSs

Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Artesunate, Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus in the Sciatic Nerve Regeneration

To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effect of topical tacrolimus and of dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViKiBZ

Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review

There is a wide range of surgical techniques for the treatment of palatal clefts. Some of these surgical procedures result in postoperative osteogenesis at the palatal fissure. The aim of this review was to discuss the current approach of cleft palate surgery leading to spontaneous bone regeneration and to compare these different procedures. Moreover, the causes of bone regeneration, effects on maxillary growth and factors affecting bone regeneration on the hard palate are discussed.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Q9v2Ub

Postoperative Physiotherapy After Open Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Three-Step Program

Well-defined indications for temporomandibular surgery exist. Arthroscopy and arthrocentesis can be considered in cases of osteoarthritis, as well as in patients with a displaced disk leading to pain or impaired mouth opening. When these indications are properly met, an efficacy of up to 83.5% can be achieved.1,2 Open surgery, such as a discectomy, can be considered in cases of severe disk perforation or perseverance of disk displacement symptoms without reduction despite previous discopexy. It can even be considered for partial or total joint replacement (TJR) using an autogenous transplant.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VcDh5L

Elevated leptin levels in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis promote pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐6 expression in synovial fibroblasts

Abstract

Background

Leptin, through binding to its special receptor (Ob‐Rb), has potent effects on immunity and inflammation. This study measured the levels of leptin in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ‐OA) and healthy controls, determined the expression of Ob‐Rb and explored the effects and signalling pathways involved in leptin‐induced proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)‐6 production in TMJ synovial fibroblasts (TMJ‐SFs).

Methods

Synovial fluid samples were obtained from 16 patients with TMJ‐OA and seven healthy controls. Leptin levels were measured in synovial fluid using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ob‐Rb expression was determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot in cultured TMJ‐SFs. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into the TMJ‐SFs to down‐regulate the expression of Ob‐Rb. qRT‐PCR and ELISA were used to determine the levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL‐6 in leptin‐stimulated TMJ‐SFs. The involved signalling pathways that mediate the leptin‐stimulated production of IL‐6 were investigated using specific signalling inhibitor analyses.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, patients with TMJ‐OA had significantly higher concentrations of leptin in their synovial fluid. The expression levels of Ob‐Rb mRNA and proteins were detected in the TMJ‐SFs. Leptin can stimulate the mRNA and protein expression of IL‐6 in TMJ‐SFs by binding with Ob‐Rb. The leptin‐induced production of IL‐6 by the TMJ‐SFs significantly decreased after exposure to siRNA targeting Ob‐Rb. Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3, p38 MAPK or PI3K/Akt substantially decreased leptin‐induced IL‐6 production.

Conclusion

Leptin may up‐regulate IL‐6 production in vitro by binding with Ob‐Rb in TMJ‐SFs via the activation of the JAK2/STAT3, p38 MAPK or PI3K/Akt signalling pathways.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ESyJf8

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) and Ki‐67 immunoexpression can be useful for the identification of malignant component in carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma

Abstract

Background

Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) is the key molecule for catalyzing fatty acid synthesis and have been associated with several malignant tumors.

Methods

We analyzed the expression of FASN and Ki‐67, by immunohistochemistry on 29 carcinomas ex‐pleomorphic adenoma (CXPAs) and 25 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs).

Results

Ki‐67 proliferation index and FASN expression were significantly higher in patients with CXPA than patients with PA (P < 0.001). We found intense immunoreactivity for FASN in the malignant component of CXPAs and these malignant areas also had intense nuclear immunoreactivity for Ki‐67.

Conclusions

The present results suggest that overexpression of FASN in CXPAs might be associated with malignant transformation of ductal epithelial cells and/or myoepithelial cells from PA. FASN associated with Ki‐67 may be useful diagnostic markers for CXPA.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EWhjij

NIDCD Mentored Career Development Award for Postdoctorate Au.D./Ph.D. Audiologists (K01 Independent Basic Experimental Studies with Humans Required)

Funding Opportunity PAR-19-142 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of the NIDCD Mentored Career Development Award for Postdoctorate Au.D./Ph.D. Audiologists (K01) is to support comprehensive and rigorous postdoctoral research and career development experiences in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical sciences of promising Au.D./Ph.D. audiologists who have the potential to become productive, independent investigators in scientific health-related research fields relevant to NIDCD's mission. This Funding Opportunity Announcement is designed specifically for applicants proposing to lead basic science experimental studies involving humans, referred to in NOT-OD-18-212 as prospective basic science studies involving human participants. These studies fall within the NIH def...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EW7IXX

" Truth " Campaign to Kids: Better to Smoke 19 Cigarettes than to Vape One Juul Pod

And this " Truth " Campaign " Fact " Isn't Even TrueOne of the oft-repeated " facts " being disseminated by the " truth " campaign is thatone Juul pod is equal to 20 cigarettes worth of nicotine.More specifically, the " truth " campaign claims, as its#1 most important fact about Juul that: " The amount of nicotine in one JUUL cartridge is roughly equal to the amount of nicotine in a pack of cigarettes. "Joining the " truth " campaign in spreading this factual information is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), whoseweb site currently states that: " a single JUUL pod contains as much nicotine as a pack of 20 regular cigarettes. "This " fact " has spread like wildfire. Just as one example, aparenting article in a news magazine writes: " Each JUUL pod contains the approximate...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EViHSs

Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Artesunate, Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus in the Sciatic Nerve Regeneration

To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effect of topical tacrolimus and of dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViKiBZ

Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review

There is a wide range of surgical techniques for the treatment of palatal clefts. Some of these surgical procedures result in postoperative osteogenesis at the palatal fissure. The aim of this review was to discuss the current approach of cleft palate surgery leading to spontaneous bone regeneration and to compare these different procedures. Moreover, the causes of bone regeneration, effects on maxillary growth and factors affecting bone regeneration on the hard palate are discussed.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Q9v2Ub

Postoperative Physiotherapy After Open Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Three-Step Program

Well-defined indications for temporomandibular surgery exist. Arthroscopy and arthrocentesis can be considered in cases of osteoarthritis, as well as in patients with a displaced disk leading to pain or impaired mouth opening. When these indications are properly met, an efficacy of up to 83.5% can be achieved.1,2 Open surgery, such as a discectomy, can be considered in cases of severe disk perforation or perseverance of disk displacement symptoms without reduction despite previous discopexy. It can even be considered for partial or total joint replacement (TJR) using an autogenous transplant.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VcDh5L

Elevated leptin levels in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis promote pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐6 expression in synovial fibroblasts

Abstract

Background

Leptin, through binding to its special receptor (Ob‐Rb), has potent effects on immunity and inflammation. This study measured the levels of leptin in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ‐OA) and healthy controls, determined the expression of Ob‐Rb and explored the effects and signalling pathways involved in leptin‐induced proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)‐6 production in TMJ synovial fibroblasts (TMJ‐SFs).

Methods

Synovial fluid samples were obtained from 16 patients with TMJ‐OA and seven healthy controls. Leptin levels were measured in synovial fluid using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ob‐Rb expression was determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot in cultured TMJ‐SFs. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into the TMJ‐SFs to down‐regulate the expression of Ob‐Rb. qRT‐PCR and ELISA were used to determine the levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL‐6 in leptin‐stimulated TMJ‐SFs. The involved signalling pathways that mediate the leptin‐stimulated production of IL‐6 were investigated using specific signalling inhibitor analyses.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, patients with TMJ‐OA had significantly higher concentrations of leptin in their synovial fluid. The expression levels of Ob‐Rb mRNA and proteins were detected in the TMJ‐SFs. Leptin can stimulate the mRNA and protein expression of IL‐6 in TMJ‐SFs by binding with Ob‐Rb. The leptin‐induced production of IL‐6 by the TMJ‐SFs significantly decreased after exposure to siRNA targeting Ob‐Rb. Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3, p38 MAPK or PI3K/Akt substantially decreased leptin‐induced IL‐6 production.

Conclusion

Leptin may up‐regulate IL‐6 production in vitro by binding with Ob‐Rb in TMJ‐SFs via the activation of the JAK2/STAT3, p38 MAPK or PI3K/Akt signalling pathways.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ESyJf8

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) and Ki‐67 immunoexpression can be useful for the identification of malignant component in carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma

Abstract

Background

Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) is the key molecule for catalyzing fatty acid synthesis and have been associated with several malignant tumors.

Methods

We analyzed the expression of FASN and Ki‐67, by immunohistochemistry on 29 carcinomas ex‐pleomorphic adenoma (CXPAs) and 25 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs).

Results

Ki‐67 proliferation index and FASN expression were significantly higher in patients with CXPA than patients with PA (P < 0.001). We found intense immunoreactivity for FASN in the malignant component of CXPAs and these malignant areas also had intense nuclear immunoreactivity for Ki‐67.

Conclusions

The present results suggest that overexpression of FASN in CXPAs might be associated with malignant transformation of ductal epithelial cells and/or myoepithelial cells from PA. FASN associated with Ki‐67 may be useful diagnostic markers for CXPA.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EWhjij

NIDCD Mentored Career Development Award for Postdoctorate Au.D./Ph.D. Audiologists (K01 Independent Basic Experimental Studies with Humans Required)

Funding Opportunity PAR-19-142 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of the NIDCD Mentored Career Development Award for Postdoctorate Au.D./Ph.D. Audiologists (K01) is to support comprehensive and rigorous postdoctoral research and career development experiences in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical sciences of promising Au.D./Ph.D. audiologists who have the potential to become productive, independent investigators in scientific health-related research fields relevant to NIDCD's mission. This Funding Opportunity Announcement is designed specifically for applicants proposing to lead basic science experimental studies involving humans, referred to in NOT-OD-18-212 as prospective basic science studies involving human participants. These studies fall within the NIH def...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EW7IXX

Huge ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with metastases treated in several different ways

Ameloblastic carcinoma is an extremely rare, aggressive, malignant tumour that is most common in the mandible. Because of its rarity there is no general approach to treatment. We present a rare case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with multiple metastases in a 63-year-old Japanese man that was treated in several different ways, including chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqngHp

Simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint and secondary mandibular deformities in children

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of children with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and secondary mandibular deformities. Between January 2012 and December 2016, 17 children (7 boys and 10 girls, mean (range) age 7 (4–12) years) were treated. Preoperatively, the mean (range) maximal incisal opening was 1.4 (0–5) mm. Distraction osteogenesis was used to elongate the mandibular body or ramus, or both, after the release of ankylosis.

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Modified tie-over technique for lingual sulcoplasty (vestibuloplasty)

Sulcoplasty has traditionally been approached labially and buccally to increase the retention and stability of a denture by increasing the relative vertical depth of an atrophic alveolar ridge.1 The advent of dental endosseous implants has reduced the need for preprosthetic surgery. There has, however, been a resurgence in the use of sulcoplasty with the rise of soft tissue resections and reconstructions for oral malignancy. A sulcoplasty in these cases can restore mobility of the tongue, particularly where the flap and tissue may be tethered at the level of the mandibular crest, despite a good alveolar height.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Sr7qfT

5-year follow-up of older patients undergoing orthognathic surgery- The East Grinstead experience

Introduction: In the last decade, there has been a growing number of older patients (above 35) undergoing orthognathic surgery. Previous studies have looked at the complication rates related to orthognathic surgery in older patients and compared outcomes with a younger cohort. We aimed to look at the satisfaction of older patients undergoing orthognathic surgery at their 5-year follow-up.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Amjl7D

Huge ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with metastases treated in several different ways

Ameloblastic carcinoma is an extremely rare, aggressive, malignant tumour that is most common in the mandible. Because of its rarity there is no general approach to treatment. We present a rare case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with multiple metastases in a 63-year-old Japanese man that was treated in several different ways, including chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqngHp

Simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint and secondary mandibular deformities in children

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of children with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and secondary mandibular deformities. Between January 2012 and December 2016, 17 children (7 boys and 10 girls, mean (range) age 7 (4–12) years) were treated. Preoperatively, the mean (range) maximal incisal opening was 1.4 (0–5) mm. Distraction osteogenesis was used to elongate the mandibular body or ramus, or both, after the release of ankylosis.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AiF687

Modified tie-over technique for lingual sulcoplasty (vestibuloplasty)

Sulcoplasty has traditionally been approached labially and buccally to increase the retention and stability of a denture by increasing the relative vertical depth of an atrophic alveolar ridge.1 The advent of dental endosseous implants has reduced the need for preprosthetic surgery. There has, however, been a resurgence in the use of sulcoplasty with the rise of soft tissue resections and reconstructions for oral malignancy. A sulcoplasty in these cases can restore mobility of the tongue, particularly where the flap and tissue may be tethered at the level of the mandibular crest, despite a good alveolar height.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Sr7qfT

5-year follow-up of older patients undergoing orthognathic surgery- The East Grinstead experience

Introduction: In the last decade, there has been a growing number of older patients (above 35) undergoing orthognathic surgery. Previous studies have looked at the complication rates related to orthognathic surgery in older patients and compared outcomes with a younger cohort. We aimed to look at the satisfaction of older patients undergoing orthognathic surgery at their 5-year follow-up.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Amjl7D

Cover

The cover image is based on the Original Research Long‐term follow‐up of single crowns supported by short, moderately rough implants – A prospective 10‐year cohort study by Fabio Rossi et al., DOI: 10.1111/clr.13386

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SxmSXX

Cover

The cover image is based on the Original Research Long‐term follow‐up of single crowns supported by short, moderately rough implants – A prospective 10‐year cohort study by Fabio Rossi et al., DOI: 10.1111/clr.13386

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SxmSXX

Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AkHcom

Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AkHcom

Cover Image

The cover image is based on the Original Article Staphylococcus aureus‐derived extracellular vesicles induce monocyte recruitment by activating human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in vitro by Jihye Kim et al, https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13289.

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Moving forward with improved food labelling for consumers with allergies

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Forthcoming Meetings

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Best of the Other Journals

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VltaeG

Issue Information

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Anthony J Frew

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Cover Image

The cover image is based on the Original Article Staphylococcus aureus‐derived extracellular vesicles induce monocyte recruitment by activating human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in vitro by Jihye Kim et al, https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13289.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Sq1OT2

Moving forward with improved food labelling for consumers with allergies

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ViBYST

Forthcoming Meetings

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QalpEX

Best of the Other Journals

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2VltaeG

Issue Information

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QcznG6

Anthony J Frew

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Efficacy and safety of CT-guided high-dose-rate interstitial Brachytherapy in primary and secondary malignancies of the pancreas

Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018

Source: European Journal of Radiology

Author(s): Omari Jazan, Heinze Constanze, Wilck Antje, Hass Peter, Seidensticker Max, Ricarda Seidensticker, Konrad Mohnike, Ricke Jens, Pech Maciej, Powerski Maciej

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate efficacy and safety of CT-guided iBT in patients with primary and secondary malignancies of the pancreas.

Material and methods

13 patients with 13 lesions of the pancreatic corpus and tail were included: 8 secondary malignancies (metastatic lesions = ML) and 5 primary malignancies, including 3 primary tumors (PT) and 2 isolated locoregional recurrences (ILR) after surgical resection were treated with image-guided iBT using a 192iridium source (single fraction irradiation). Every 3 months after treatment clinical and imaging follow-up were conducted to evaluate efficacy. Peri- and postinterventional complications were assessed descriptively.

Results

The median diameter of the gross tumor volume (GTV) was 3 cm (range 1-6.5 cm), treated with a median D100 (minimal enclosing tumor dose) of 15.3 Gy (range 9.2-25.4 Gy). Local tumor control (LTC) was 92.3 % within a median follow-up period of 6.7 months (range 3.2-55.7 months). Cumulative median progression free survival (PFS) was 6.2 months (range 2.8-25.7 months; PFS of primary and secondary malignancies was 5.8 and 6.2 months, respectively). Cumulative median over all survival (OS) after iBT was 16.2 months (range 3.3-55.7 months; OS of primary and secondary malignancies was 7.4 months and 45.6 months, respectively). 1 patient developed mild acute pancreatits post iBT, spontanously resolved within 1 week. No severe adverse events (grade 3+) were recorded.

Conclusion

Image-guided iBT is a safe and particularly effective treatment in patients with primary and secondary malignancies of the pancreas and might provide a well-tolerated additional therapeutic option in the multidisciplinary management of selected patients.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EU4ap9

Efficacy and safety of CT-guided high-dose-rate interstitial Brachytherapy in primary and secondary malignancies of the pancreas

Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018

Source: European Journal of Radiology

Author(s): Omari Jazan, Heinze Constanze, Wilck Antje, Hass Peter, Seidensticker Max, Ricarda Seidensticker, Konrad Mohnike, Ricke Jens, Pech Maciej, Powerski Maciej

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate efficacy and safety of CT-guided iBT in patients with primary and secondary malignancies of the pancreas.

Material and methods

13 patients with 13 lesions of the pancreatic corpus and tail were included: 8 secondary malignancies (metastatic lesions = ML) and 5 primary malignancies, including 3 primary tumors (PT) and 2 isolated locoregional recurrences (ILR) after surgical resection were treated with image-guided iBT using a 192iridium source (single fraction irradiation). Every 3 months after treatment clinical and imaging follow-up were conducted to evaluate efficacy. Peri- and postinterventional complications were assessed descriptively.

Results

The median diameter of the gross tumor volume (GTV) was 3 cm (range 1-6.5 cm), treated with a median D100 (minimal enclosing tumor dose) of 15.3 Gy (range 9.2-25.4 Gy). Local tumor control (LTC) was 92.3 % within a median follow-up period of 6.7 months (range 3.2-55.7 months). Cumulative median progression free survival (PFS) was 6.2 months (range 2.8-25.7 months; PFS of primary and secondary malignancies was 5.8 and 6.2 months, respectively). Cumulative median over all survival (OS) after iBT was 16.2 months (range 3.3-55.7 months; OS of primary and secondary malignancies was 7.4 months and 45.6 months, respectively). 1 patient developed mild acute pancreatits post iBT, spontanously resolved within 1 week. No severe adverse events (grade 3+) were recorded.

Conclusion

Image-guided iBT is a safe and particularly effective treatment in patients with primary and secondary malignancies of the pancreas and might provide a well-tolerated additional therapeutic option in the multidisciplinary management of selected patients.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EU4ap9

Improved Detection of Vowel Envelope Frequency Following Responses Using Hotelling’s T2 Analysis

Conclusion: The HT2 method is more sensitive than FA-F-Test and MSC in detecting responses to complex stimuli because it allows detection of multiple frequencies (HT2_F3) and multiple EEG channels (HT2_MC) simultaneously. This effect was shown in simulation studies for HT2_3F and in EEG data for the HT2_MC algorithm. The spread in detection time across subjects is also lower for the HT2 algorithm, with decision on the presence of an eFFR possible within 5 min. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUMSt5

Temporal Sensitivity Measured Shortly After Cochlear Implantation Predicts 6-Month Speech Recognition Outcome

Conclusions: These findings identify AMRD thresholds as a reliable, nonredundant predictor above and beyond established speech tests for CI outcome. This AMRD test could potentially be developed into a rapid clinical temporal-resolution test to be integrated into the postoperative test battery to improve the reliability of speech outcome prognosis. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUyG2n

Comparing Two Hearing Aid Fitting Algorithms for Bimodal Cochlear Implant Users

Conclusions: The results of this study show that CI users with residual hearing at the contralateral ear can benefit from bimodal stimulation, regardless of the fitting method that was applied. Although significant differences between the output and compression ratio of the NAL-NL2 and the APDB fitting formula existed, no differences in bimodal auditory performance were observed. Therefore, NAL-NL2 or the APDB fitting prescription both seem suited for bimodal fitting purposes. Additional loudness balancing has a marginal effect on the provided hearing aid output. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EXCcdb

Dynamic Current Focusing: A Novel Approach to Loudness Coding in Cochlear Implants

Conclusions: The DCF strategy gives better spectral resolution, at lower loudness levels, but equal performance on speech tests. These outcomes warrant for a longer adaptation period to study long-term outcomes and evaluate if the outcomes in the ripple tests transfer to the speech scores. Further research, for example, with respect to fitting rules and reduction of power consumption, is necessary to make the DCF strategy suitable for routine clinical application. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EVesW1

How Do Hearing Aid Owners Respond to Hearing Aid Problems?

Conclusions: Despite the ongoing support offered to clients after they acquire hearing aids, they are hesitant to seek help from their clinician and instead engage in a myriad of helpful and unhelpful behaviors in response to problems that arise with their hearing aid. Previous positive or negative experiences with the clinic, clinician, or significant other influenced these actions, highlighting the influential role of these individuals' in the success of the rehabilitation program. The data generated from this study suggests that clinicians could improve hearing aid problem resolution by providing technical and emotional support, including to significant others, and promoting client empowerment and self-management. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EW7GAn

Perceptual Discrimination of Speaking Style Under Cochlear Implant Simulation

Conclusions: The findings from the present study demonstrate that perceiving differences in three speaking styles under CI simulation is a difficult task because some important cues to speaking style are not fully available in these conditions. While some cues like speaking rate are available, this information alone may not always be a reliable indicator of a particular speaking style. Some other reliable speaking styles cues, such as degraded acoustic-phonetic information and variability in speaking rate within an utterance, may be available but less salient. However, as in experiment 2, listeners' perception of speaking styles may be modified if they are constrained or trained to use these additional cues, which were more reliable in the context of the present study. Taken together, ...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ET1Sql

A “Goldilocks” Approach to Hearing Aid Self-Fitting: Ear-Canal Output and Speech Intelligibility Index

Conclusions: The findings support the conclusion that user self-adjustment of basic amplification characteristics can be both feasible and effective with or without prior hearing aid experience. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EXe6iq

A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study of Tinnitus Awareness and Impact in a Population of Adult Cochlear Implant Users

Conclusions: Tinnitus is a problem for a significant proportion of individuals with a cochlear implant. Clinicians, scientists, and cochlear implant manufacturers should be aware that management of tinnitus may be a greater priority for an implantee than difficulties linked to speech perception. Where a positive effect of implantation was reported, there was greater evidence for masking of tinnitus via the implant rather than reversal of maladaptive plasticity. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ETTCGz

Air-Conducted Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Testing in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Thresholds, Frequency Tuning, and Effects of Sound Exposure

The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize c- and oVEMP thresholds in children, adolescents, and young adults with normal hearing using 500 and 750 Hz tone burst (TB) stimuli, (2) compare frequency tuning of 500 and 750 Hz TB, and (3) assess whether cochlear changes exist after VEMP threshold testing. It is hypothesized that children, adolescents, and young adults would not show age-related changes to the vestibular system. Therefore, reliable VEMP thresholds would be seen below maximum acoustical stimulation levels (e.g., (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EW0CU7

Effects of Amplification and Hearing Aid Experience on the Contribution of Specific Frequency Bands to Loudness

Conclusions: The high frequencies seem to dominate loudness perception in listeners with SNHL using hearing aids as they do in listeners with NH. However, the results suggest that amplification causes high frequencies to have a larger contribution to overall loudness compared with listeners with NH. The contribution of the high frequencies to loudness did not change after an acclimatization period for the first-time hearing aid users. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ET1S9P

Deterioration in Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Auditory Neuropathy Patients With Distinct Clinical and Genetic Backgrounds

Conclusions: DPOAE was decreased or lost in approximately 70% of pediatric and about 80% of adult AN patients. Eleven percent of pediatric AN patients lost DPOAEs by 1 year of age. Genetic factors were thought to have influenced the time course of DPOAEs in the pediatric AN group. In most adult AN patients, DPOAE was rarely lost regardless of the genetic cause. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUMTx9

Prevalence of Hearing Impairment in Mahabubnagar District, Telangana State, India

Conclusions: Disabling hearing impairment in Telangana State is common, affecting approximately 1 in 23 people overall and a third of people aged older than 65 years. These findings suggest that there are a substantial number of individuals with hearing impairment who could potentially benefit from improved access to low-cost interventions. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUyEYj

Effects of Additional Low-Pass–Filtered Speech on Listening Effort for Noise-Band–Vocoded Speech in Quiet and in Noise

Conclusions: The dual-task results provide partial evidence for a potential decrease in listening effort as a result of adding low-frequency acoustic speech to noise-band–vocoded speech. Whether these findings translate to CI users with residual acoustic hearing will need to be addressed in future research because the quality and frequency range of low-frequency acoustic sound available to listeners with hearing loss may differ from our idealized simulations, and additional factors, such as advanced age and varying etiology, may also play a role. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

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Nonverbal Visual Sequential Learning in Children With Cochlear Implants: Preliminary Findings

The authors tested the hypothesis that children with cochlear implants (CIs) experience domain-general deficits in sequential learning. Twenty children with CIs and 40 children with normal hearing (NH) participated. Participants completed a serial reaction time task that measured implicit sequential learning. During random sequence phases, the CI group had significantly slower reaction times than the NH group. However, there were no significant differences in the rates of sequential learning between groups. Age at implantation was not significantly associated with learning rate in the CI group. Children with CIs demonstrated nonverbal sequential learning that is comparable to children with NH. Contrary to previous research, early auditory deprivation may not be associated with deficits in ...

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Monaural neonatal deafness induces inhibition among bilateral auditory networks under binaural activation

We report three major results: First, AS of the hearing ear of SSD rats resulted in bilateral activation of neurons in the cochlear nucleus (CN). Second, ES of the deaf ear did not activate contralateral CN. Third, AS+ES of SSD rats resulted in bilateral reduced Fos expression in the auditory brainstem compared to monaural stimulations. These findings indicate changes in inhibitory interactions among neuronal networks as a result of monaural deafness.Graphical abstract (Source: Neuroscience)

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Improved Detection of Vowel Envelope Frequency Following Responses Using Hotelling’s T2 Analysis

Conclusion: The HT2 method is more sensitive than FA-F-Test and MSC in detecting responses to complex stimuli because it allows detection of multiple frequencies (HT2_F3) and multiple EEG channels (HT2_MC) simultaneously. This effect was shown in simulation studies for HT2_3F and in EEG data for the HT2_MC algorithm. The spread in detection time across subjects is also lower for the HT2 algorithm, with decision on the presence of an eFFR possible within 5 min. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUMSt5

Temporal Sensitivity Measured Shortly After Cochlear Implantation Predicts 6-Month Speech Recognition Outcome

Conclusions: These findings identify AMRD thresholds as a reliable, nonredundant predictor above and beyond established speech tests for CI outcome. This AMRD test could potentially be developed into a rapid clinical temporal-resolution test to be integrated into the postoperative test battery to improve the reliability of speech outcome prognosis. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUyG2n

Comparing Two Hearing Aid Fitting Algorithms for Bimodal Cochlear Implant Users

Conclusions: The results of this study show that CI users with residual hearing at the contralateral ear can benefit from bimodal stimulation, regardless of the fitting method that was applied. Although significant differences between the output and compression ratio of the NAL-NL2 and the APDB fitting formula existed, no differences in bimodal auditory performance were observed. Therefore, NAL-NL2 or the APDB fitting prescription both seem suited for bimodal fitting purposes. Additional loudness balancing has a marginal effect on the provided hearing aid output. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EXCcdb

Dynamic Current Focusing: A Novel Approach to Loudness Coding in Cochlear Implants

Conclusions: The DCF strategy gives better spectral resolution, at lower loudness levels, but equal performance on speech tests. These outcomes warrant for a longer adaptation period to study long-term outcomes and evaluate if the outcomes in the ripple tests transfer to the speech scores. Further research, for example, with respect to fitting rules and reduction of power consumption, is necessary to make the DCF strategy suitable for routine clinical application. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EVesW1

How Do Hearing Aid Owners Respond to Hearing Aid Problems?

Conclusions: Despite the ongoing support offered to clients after they acquire hearing aids, they are hesitant to seek help from their clinician and instead engage in a myriad of helpful and unhelpful behaviors in response to problems that arise with their hearing aid. Previous positive or negative experiences with the clinic, clinician, or significant other influenced these actions, highlighting the influential role of these individuals' in the success of the rehabilitation program. The data generated from this study suggests that clinicians could improve hearing aid problem resolution by providing technical and emotional support, including to significant others, and promoting client empowerment and self-management. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EW7GAn

Perceptual Discrimination of Speaking Style Under Cochlear Implant Simulation

Conclusions: The findings from the present study demonstrate that perceiving differences in three speaking styles under CI simulation is a difficult task because some important cues to speaking style are not fully available in these conditions. While some cues like speaking rate are available, this information alone may not always be a reliable indicator of a particular speaking style. Some other reliable speaking styles cues, such as degraded acoustic-phonetic information and variability in speaking rate within an utterance, may be available but less salient. However, as in experiment 2, listeners' perception of speaking styles may be modified if they are constrained or trained to use these additional cues, which were more reliable in the context of the present study. Taken together, ...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ET1Sql

A “Goldilocks” Approach to Hearing Aid Self-Fitting: Ear-Canal Output and Speech Intelligibility Index

Conclusions: The findings support the conclusion that user self-adjustment of basic amplification characteristics can be both feasible and effective with or without prior hearing aid experience. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EXe6iq

A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study of Tinnitus Awareness and Impact in a Population of Adult Cochlear Implant Users

Conclusions: Tinnitus is a problem for a significant proportion of individuals with a cochlear implant. Clinicians, scientists, and cochlear implant manufacturers should be aware that management of tinnitus may be a greater priority for an implantee than difficulties linked to speech perception. Where a positive effect of implantation was reported, there was greater evidence for masking of tinnitus via the implant rather than reversal of maladaptive plasticity. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ETTCGz

Air-Conducted Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Testing in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Thresholds, Frequency Tuning, and Effects of Sound Exposure

The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize c- and oVEMP thresholds in children, adolescents, and young adults with normal hearing using 500 and 750 Hz tone burst (TB) stimuli, (2) compare frequency tuning of 500 and 750 Hz TB, and (3) assess whether cochlear changes exist after VEMP threshold testing. It is hypothesized that children, adolescents, and young adults would not show age-related changes to the vestibular system. Therefore, reliable VEMP thresholds would be seen below maximum acoustical stimulation levels (e.g., (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EW0CU7

Effects of Amplification and Hearing Aid Experience on the Contribution of Specific Frequency Bands to Loudness

Conclusions: The high frequencies seem to dominate loudness perception in listeners with SNHL using hearing aids as they do in listeners with NH. However, the results suggest that amplification causes high frequencies to have a larger contribution to overall loudness compared with listeners with NH. The contribution of the high frequencies to loudness did not change after an acclimatization period for the first-time hearing aid users. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ET1S9P

Deterioration in Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Auditory Neuropathy Patients With Distinct Clinical and Genetic Backgrounds

Conclusions: DPOAE was decreased or lost in approximately 70% of pediatric and about 80% of adult AN patients. Eleven percent of pediatric AN patients lost DPOAEs by 1 year of age. Genetic factors were thought to have influenced the time course of DPOAEs in the pediatric AN group. In most adult AN patients, DPOAE was rarely lost regardless of the genetic cause. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EUMTx9

Prevalence of Hearing Impairment in Mahabubnagar District, Telangana State, India

Conclusions: Disabling hearing impairment in Telangana State is common, affecting approximately 1 in 23 people overall and a third of people aged older than 65 years. These findings suggest that there are a substantial number of individuals with hearing impairment who could potentially benefit from improved access to low-cost interventions. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

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Effects of Additional Low-Pass–Filtered Speech on Listening Effort for Noise-Band–Vocoded Speech in Quiet and in Noise

Conclusions: The dual-task results provide partial evidence for a potential decrease in listening effort as a result of adding low-frequency acoustic speech to noise-band–vocoded speech. Whether these findings translate to CI users with residual acoustic hearing will need to be addressed in future research because the quality and frequency range of low-frequency acoustic sound available to listeners with hearing loss may differ from our idealized simulations, and additional factors, such as advanced age and varying etiology, may also play a role. (Source: Ear and Hearing)

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Nonverbal Visual Sequential Learning in Children With Cochlear Implants: Preliminary Findings

The authors tested the hypothesis that children with cochlear implants (CIs) experience domain-general deficits in sequential learning. Twenty children with CIs and 40 children with normal hearing (NH) participated. Participants completed a serial reaction time task that measured implicit sequential learning. During random sequence phases, the CI group had significantly slower reaction times than the NH group. However, there were no significant differences in the rates of sequential learning between groups. Age at implantation was not significantly associated with learning rate in the CI group. Children with CIs demonstrated nonverbal sequential learning that is comparable to children with NH. Contrary to previous research, early auditory deprivation may not be associated with deficits in ...

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Monaural neonatal deafness induces inhibition among bilateral auditory networks under binaural activation

We report three major results: First, AS of the hearing ear of SSD rats resulted in bilateral activation of neurons in the cochlear nucleus (CN). Second, ES of the deaf ear did not activate contralateral CN. Third, AS+ES of SSD rats resulted in bilateral reduced Fos expression in the auditory brainstem compared to monaural stimulations. These findings indicate changes in inhibitory interactions among neuronal networks as a result of monaural deafness.Graphical abstract (Source: Neuroscience)

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Retraction notice to “Dexamethasone injection into the pterygomandibular space in lower third molar surgery” [International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 46 (2017) 899–904]

Publication date: January 2019

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 48, Issue 1

Author(s): K. Boonsiriseth, M.M. Latt, S. Kiattavorncharoen, V. Pairuchvej, N. Wongsirichat

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Retraction notice to “A Safe and Accurate Method to Perform Esthetic Mandibular Contouring Surgery for Far Eastern Asians” [International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 46 (2017) 578–581]

Publication date: January 2019

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 48, Issue 1

Author(s): A.M.-C. Hsieh, L.-K. Huon, H.-R. Jiang, S.Y.-C. Liu

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Editorial Board/Reviewing Committee

Publication date: January 2019

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 48, Issue 1

Author(s):

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Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion with bone-borne versus tooth-borne distraction appliances—a systematic review

Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): T.L. Blæhr, M.Y. Mommaerts, A.D. Kjellerup, T. Starch-Jensen

Abstract

The objective was to test the hypothesis of no difference in skeletal and dental arch expansion and relapse after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion with a bone-borne compared with a tooth-borne appliance. The PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched in combination with a hand-search of relevant journals up until December 2017. No language restriction was applied. Two short-term randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias fulfilled the inclusion criteria. No meta-analysis could be performed due to considerable heterogeneity. There were no statistically significant differences in the skeletal and dental arch expansion and relapse. Dental arch expansion was significantly greater than skeletal expansion with both treatment modalities. However, dissimilar evaluation methods, different outcome measures, unknown vertical level of force application with the bone-borne devices, and various methodological confounding factors posed serious restrictions to reviewing the literature in a quantitative systematic manner. Hence, conclusions drawn from the results of this systematic review should be interpreted with caution. Further well-designed long-term randomized clinical trials including a standardized protocol and three-dimensional analysis of the level of force application and morphological outcome are therefore needed before one treatment modality can be considered superior to the other.

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Cranial nerve injuries in Le Fort I osteotomy: a systematic review

Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): J.M. dos Santos Alves, B.W. de Freitas Alves, A.C. de Figueiredo Costa, B.G.D.S. Carneiro, L.M. de Sousa, D.V. Gondim

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to describe the anatomical and surgical factors related to cranial nerve injuries in Le Fort I osteotomy. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Two independent reviewers performed an unrestricted electronic database search in the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases up to and including August 2018. Thirty-two articles were selected for data extraction and synthesis: 30 studies were identified in the main search and two by a manual search. The level of agreement between the reviewers was considered excellent (κ = 0.779 for study selection and κ = 0.767 for study eligibility). This study revealed that the main nerve affected was the trigeminal nerve, followed by the oculomotor, abducens, optic, facial, and vagus and accessory nerves. Cleft lip and palate patients presented the highest incidence of cranial nerve damage. Cranial nerve damage after Le Fort I osteotomy is not rare. Anatomical and structural knowledge of the patient are necessary in order to minimize the risks of cranial nerve injury in Le Fort I osteotomy.

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Retraction notice to “Dexamethasone injection into the pterygomandibular space in lower third molar surgery” [International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 46 (2017) 899–904]

Publication date: January 2019

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 48, Issue 1

Author(s): K. Boonsiriseth, M.M. Latt, S. Kiattavorncharoen, V. Pairuchvej, N. Wongsirichat

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Retraction notice to “A Safe and Accurate Method to Perform Esthetic Mandibular Contouring Surgery for Far Eastern Asians” [International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 46 (2017) 578–581]

Publication date: January 2019

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 48, Issue 1

Author(s): A.M.-C. Hsieh, L.-K. Huon, H.-R. Jiang, S.Y.-C. Liu

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Editorial Board/Reviewing Committee

Publication date: January 2019

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 48, Issue 1

Author(s):

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Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion with bone-borne versus tooth-borne distraction appliances—a systematic review

Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): T.L. Blæhr, M.Y. Mommaerts, A.D. Kjellerup, T. Starch-Jensen

Abstract

The objective was to test the hypothesis of no difference in skeletal and dental arch expansion and relapse after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion with a bone-borne compared with a tooth-borne appliance. The PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched in combination with a hand-search of relevant journals up until December 2017. No language restriction was applied. Two short-term randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias fulfilled the inclusion criteria. No meta-analysis could be performed due to considerable heterogeneity. There were no statistically significant differences in the skeletal and dental arch expansion and relapse. Dental arch expansion was significantly greater than skeletal expansion with both treatment modalities. However, dissimilar evaluation methods, different outcome measures, unknown vertical level of force application with the bone-borne devices, and various methodological confounding factors posed serious restrictions to reviewing the literature in a quantitative systematic manner. Hence, conclusions drawn from the results of this systematic review should be interpreted with caution. Further well-designed long-term randomized clinical trials including a standardized protocol and three-dimensional analysis of the level of force application and morphological outcome are therefore needed before one treatment modality can be considered superior to the other.

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Cranial nerve injuries in Le Fort I osteotomy: a systematic review

Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): J.M. dos Santos Alves, B.W. de Freitas Alves, A.C. de Figueiredo Costa, B.G.D.S. Carneiro, L.M. de Sousa, D.V. Gondim

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to describe the anatomical and surgical factors related to cranial nerve injuries in Le Fort I osteotomy. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Two independent reviewers performed an unrestricted electronic database search in the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases up to and including August 2018. Thirty-two articles were selected for data extraction and synthesis: 30 studies were identified in the main search and two by a manual search. The level of agreement between the reviewers was considered excellent (κ = 0.779 for study selection and κ = 0.767 for study eligibility). This study revealed that the main nerve affected was the trigeminal nerve, followed by the oculomotor, abducens, optic, facial, and vagus and accessory nerves. Cleft lip and palate patients presented the highest incidence of cranial nerve damage. Cranial nerve damage after Le Fort I osteotomy is not rare. Anatomical and structural knowledge of the patient are necessary in order to minimize the risks of cranial nerve injury in Le Fort I osteotomy.

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Finding the baby in the bath water – evidence for task-specific changes in resting state functional connectivity evoked by training

Publication date: March 2019

Source: NeuroImage, Volume 188

Author(s): Adam Steel, Cibu Thomas, Aaron Trefler, Gang Chen, Chris I. Baker

Abstract

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between brain regions has been used for studying training-related changes in brain function during the offline period of skill learning. However, it is difficult to infer whether the observed training-related changes in rsFC measured between two scans occur as a consequence of task performance, whether they are specific to a given task, or whether they reflect confounding factors such as diurnal fluctuations in brain physiology that impact the MRI signal. Here, we sought to elucidate whether task-specific changes in rsFC are dissociable from time-of-day related changes by evaluating rsFC changes after participants were provided training in either a visuospatial task or a motor sequence task compared to a non-training condition. Given the nature of the tasks, we focused on changes in rsFC of the hippocampal and sensorimotor cortices after short-term training, while controlling for the effect of time-of-day. We also related the change in rsFC of task-relevant brain regions to performance improvement in each task. Our results demonstrate that, even in the absence of any experimental manipulation, significant changes in rsFC can be detected between two resting state functional MRI scans performed just a few hours apart, suggesting time-of-day has a significant impact on rsFC. However, by estimating the magnitude of the time-of-day effect, our findings also suggest that task-specific changes in rsFC can be dissociated from the changes attributed to time-of-day. Taken together, our results show that rsFC can provide insights about training-related changes in brain function during the offline period of skill learning. However, demonstrating the specificity of the changes in rsFC to a given task requires a rigorous experimental design that includes multiple active and passive control conditions, and robust behavioral measures.

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Cortical dynamics during preparation and execution of reactive balance responses with distinct postural demands

Publication date: March 2019

Source: NeuroImage, Volume 188

Author(s): Teodoro Solis-Escalante, Joris van der Cruijsen, Digna de Kam, Joost van Kordelaar, Vivian Weerdesteyn, Alfred C. Schouten

Abstract

The contributions of the cerebral cortex to human balance control are clearly demonstrated by the profound impact of cortical lesions on the ability to maintain standing balance. The cerebral cortex is thought to regulate subcortical postural centers to maintain upright balance and posture under varying environmental conditions and task demands. However, the cortical mechanisms that support standing balance remain elusive. Here, we present an EEG-based analysis of cortical oscillatory dynamics during the preparation and execution of balance responses with distinct postural demands. In our experiment, participants responded to backward movements of the support surface either with one forward step or by keeping their feet in place. To challenge the postural control system, we applied participant-specific high accelerations of the support surface such that the postural demand was low for stepping responses and high for feet-in-place responses. We expected that postural demand modulated the power of intrinsic cortical oscillations.

Independent component analysis and time-frequency domain statistics revealed stronger suppression of alpha (9–13 Hz) and low-gamma (31–34 Hz) rhythms in the supplementary motor area (SMA) when preparing for feet-in-place responses (i.e., high postural demand). Irrespective of the response condition, support-surface movements elicited broadband (3–17 Hz) power increase in the SMA and enhancement of the theta (3–7 Hz) rhythm in the anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and bilateral sensorimotor cortices (M1/S1). Although the execution of reactive responses resulted in largely similar cortical dynamics, comparison between the bilateral M1/S1 showed that stepping responses corresponded with stronger suppression of the beta (13–17 Hz) rhythm in the M1/S1 contralateral to the support leg. Comparison between response conditions showed that feet-in-place responses corresponded with stronger enhancement of the theta (3–7 Hz) rhythm in the PFC. Our results provide novel insights into the cortical dynamics of SMA, PFC, and M1/S1 during the control of human balance.

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Finding the baby in the bath water – evidence for task-specific changes in resting state functional connectivity evoked by training

Publication date: March 2019

Source: NeuroImage, Volume 188

Author(s): Adam Steel, Cibu Thomas, Aaron Trefler, Gang Chen, Chris I. Baker

Abstract

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between brain regions has been used for studying training-related changes in brain function during the offline period of skill learning. However, it is difficult to infer whether the observed training-related changes in rsFC measured between two scans occur as a consequence of task performance, whether they are specific to a given task, or whether they reflect confounding factors such as diurnal fluctuations in brain physiology that impact the MRI signal. Here, we sought to elucidate whether task-specific changes in rsFC are dissociable from time-of-day related changes by evaluating rsFC changes after participants were provided training in either a visuospatial task or a motor sequence task compared to a non-training condition. Given the nature of the tasks, we focused on changes in rsFC of the hippocampal and sensorimotor cortices after short-term training, while controlling for the effect of time-of-day. We also related the change in rsFC of task-relevant brain regions to performance improvement in each task. Our results demonstrate that, even in the absence of any experimental manipulation, significant changes in rsFC can be detected between two resting state functional MRI scans performed just a few hours apart, suggesting time-of-day has a significant impact on rsFC. However, by estimating the magnitude of the time-of-day effect, our findings also suggest that task-specific changes in rsFC can be dissociated from the changes attributed to time-of-day. Taken together, our results show that rsFC can provide insights about training-related changes in brain function during the offline period of skill learning. However, demonstrating the specificity of the changes in rsFC to a given task requires a rigorous experimental design that includes multiple active and passive control conditions, and robust behavioral measures.

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Cortical dynamics during preparation and execution of reactive balance responses with distinct postural demands

Publication date: March 2019

Source: NeuroImage, Volume 188

Author(s): Teodoro Solis-Escalante, Joris van der Cruijsen, Digna de Kam, Joost van Kordelaar, Vivian Weerdesteyn, Alfred C. Schouten

Abstract

The contributions of the cerebral cortex to human balance control are clearly demonstrated by the profound impact of cortical lesions on the ability to maintain standing balance. The cerebral cortex is thought to regulate subcortical postural centers to maintain upright balance and posture under varying environmental conditions and task demands. However, the cortical mechanisms that support standing balance remain elusive. Here, we present an EEG-based analysis of cortical oscillatory dynamics during the preparation and execution of balance responses with distinct postural demands. In our experiment, participants responded to backward movements of the support surface either with one forward step or by keeping their feet in place. To challenge the postural control system, we applied participant-specific high accelerations of the support surface such that the postural demand was low for stepping responses and high for feet-in-place responses. We expected that postural demand modulated the power of intrinsic cortical oscillations.

Independent component analysis and time-frequency domain statistics revealed stronger suppression of alpha (9–13 Hz) and low-gamma (31–34 Hz) rhythms in the supplementary motor area (SMA) when preparing for feet-in-place responses (i.e., high postural demand). Irrespective of the response condition, support-surface movements elicited broadband (3–17 Hz) power increase in the SMA and enhancement of the theta (3–7 Hz) rhythm in the anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and bilateral sensorimotor cortices (M1/S1). Although the execution of reactive responses resulted in largely similar cortical dynamics, comparison between the bilateral M1/S1 showed that stepping responses corresponded with stronger suppression of the beta (13–17 Hz) rhythm in the M1/S1 contralateral to the support leg. Comparison between response conditions showed that feet-in-place responses corresponded with stronger enhancement of the theta (3–7 Hz) rhythm in the PFC. Our results provide novel insights into the cortical dynamics of SMA, PFC, and M1/S1 during the control of human balance.

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Correction

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s):

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Immediate Hypersensitivity to Cindamycin: Rare, But Not Impossible

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Krzysztof Rutkowski, Annette Wagner, Rita Mirakian, Iason Thomas

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A case of food-dependent exercise-induced angioedema

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Eli Magen, Tinatin Chikovani

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Benefits of school nurse training sessions for food allergy and anaphylaxis management

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Angela Tsuang, Zara Atal, Haidi Demain, Kathleen Patrick, Michael Pistiner, Julie Wang

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Delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction to hydroxychloroquine: Successful short desensitization

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Héloïse Barailler, Brigitte Milpied, Annick Chauvel, Pauline Claraz, Alain Taïeb, Julien Seneschal, Anne-Sophie Darrigade

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Sesame: An unrecognized trigger of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Adi Ovadia, Amit Nahum, Diana Tasher, Shirli Abiri, Larisa Epov, Aharon Kessel, Ilan Dalal

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Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis to soybean

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Neema Izadi, Nathan Rabinovitch

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Use of omalizumab in uncontrolled chronic spontaneous urticaria also improved latex-induced contact urticaria

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Elisabetta Di Leo, Gianfranco Calogiuri, Luigi Macchia, Eustachio Nettis

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Gold Is Precious—But a Potent Sensitizer?

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Werner Aberer

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Determining the clinical relevance of positive patch testing to gold in evaluation of contact dermatitis

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Barbara Yang, Britta K. Sundquist, M. Asghar Pasha

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Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Henna Tattoo with Negative Patch to p-phenylenediamine (PPD)

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Anita Sivam, Mike Tankersley

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Prolonged Beta-Lactam Provocation Challenges in Children: Do Extended Protocols Offer Any Benefit?

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Sigrid Payne DaVeiga, Francesca Saretta

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Safety and Outcomes of Oral Graded Challenges to Amoxicillin without Prior Skin Testing

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Melissa Iammatteo, Santiago Alvarez Arango, Denisa Ferastraoaru, Nadeem Akbar, Andrew Y. Lee, Hillel W. Cohen, Elina Jerschow

Background

Unconfirmed penicillin allergy poses substantial public health consequences. The most widely accepted protocol to evaluate penicillin allergy is skin testing followed by an amoxicillin challenge.

Objective

To evaluate the safety of direct oral graded challenges to amoxicillin.

Methods

A prospective single-blind clinical trial with historical controls of patients ≥7 years old with historical non–life-threatening reactions to penicillin was conducted. Patients received placebo followed by a 2-step graded challenge to amoxicillin. The allergic reaction rate was compared with the rate observed in our previous study that included skin testing and with the currently reported penicillin allergy prevalence in the US population.

Results

Of the 155 participants who completed an amoxicillin challenge, 120 patients (77.4%) experienced no reaction whereas 31 patients (20%) experienced nonallergic reactions to either placebo (n = 16) or amoxicillin (n = 15). Four patients (2.6%) developed mild allergic reactions. Significantly (P = .03) fewer patients (4 of 155, 2.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0%, 6.5%) were determined to be allergic compared with 14 of 170 subjects (8.2%, 95% CI: 5.0%, 13.4%) in our previous study where patients were determined to be allergic based on either positive skin tests (n = 11) or allergic challenge reactions after negative skin tests (n = 3). This 2.6% reaction rate was also significantly less than the 10% reported US prevalence of penicillin allergy (P = .003).

Conclusions

Placebo-controlled oral graded challenges to amoxicillin without prior skin testing may be safe for patients ≥7 years old with non–life-threatening historical reactions to penicillin. Amoxicillin can be tolerated by the majority of patients with self-reported penicillin allergy.

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Long-Term Follow-Up After Penicillin Allergy Delabeling in Ambulatory Patients

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Idit Lachover-Roth, Shoshan Sharon, Yossi Rosman, Keren Meir-Shafrir, Ronit Confino-Cohen

Background

Unverified penicillin allergy label has negative health implications. To address this, several delabeling methods have been proposed.

Objectives

To appraise the long-term outcomes of the penicillin allergy evaluation in ambulatory patients, focusing on subsequent use of penicillins in individuals found not allergic. A secondary objective was to examine the consistency between the evaluation's recommendations and the allergy label.

Methods

A retrospective medical records review and phone survey were carried out in ambulatory patients who were evaluated for suspected penicillin allergy in our allergy unit. Patients with an uneventful oral challenge test (OCT) were interviewed regarding subsequent use of penicillins. Medical records were examined for antibiotic prescriptions and purchases. The records were also investigated for existing/erased penicillin allergy label and its consistency with the allergy evaluation.

Results

Six hundred thirty-nine patients with an uneventful OCT were available for the survey. During a 56-month follow-up, 70% (447 patients) had used penicillins at least once. One hundred ninety-two patients (30%) did not use penicillins. The main reason for not using penicillins was lack of a clinical indication. Three hundred thirty-five patients (51.22%) carried a penicillin allergy label in their electronic medical file in spite of an uneventful OCT.

Conclusions

Penicillin allergy annulling via OCT has proven to be effective. Most of the patients who previously avoided penicillins have reused penicillins safely.

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Prevention and Diagnosis of Severe T-Cell-Mediated Adverse Drug Reactions: Are We There Yet?

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Alec Redwood, Jason Trubiano, Elizabeth J. Phillips

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Analysis of HLA-B Allelic Variation and IFN-γ ELISpot Responses in Patients with Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Associated with Drugs

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Jettanong Klaewsongkram, Chonlaphat Sukasem, Pattarawat Thantiworasit, Nithikan Suthumchai, Pawinee Rerknimitr, Papapit Tuchinda, Leena Chularojanamontri, Yuttana Srinoulprasert, Ticha Rerkpattanapipat, Kumutnart Chanprapaph, Wareeporn Disphanurat, Panlop Chakkavittumrong, Napatra Tovanabutra, Chutika Srisuttiyakorn, ThaiSCAR study group

Background

The prevention and confirmation of drug-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) are difficult.

Objective

To determine the benefit of HLA-B allele prescreening and the measurement of drug-specific IFN-γ-releasing cells in the prevention and identification of the culprit drug in patients with SCARs.

Methods

A total of 160 patients with SCARs were recruited from 6 university hospitals in Thailand over a 3-year period. HLA-B alleles were genotypically analyzed. The frequencies of drug-specific IFN-γ-releasing cells in patients with SCARs were also measured.

Results

The drugs commonly responsible for SCARs were anticonvulsants, allopurinol, beta-lactams, antituberculosis agents, and sulfonamides. If culprit drugs had been withheld in patients carrying known HLA-B alleles at risk, it would have prevented 21.2% of SCAR cases, mainly allopurinol- and carbamazepine-related SCARs. Culprit drug-specific IFN-γ-releasing cells could be identified in 45.7% (53 of 116) of patients with SCARs caused by 5 major drug groups, particularly in patients diagnosed with drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) (50.0%), followed by Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (46.0%), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (31.3%). According to our study, high frequencies of drug-specific IFN-γ-releasing cells were significantly demonstrated in patients who suffered from DRESS phenotype, having anticonvulsants or the drugs belonging to the "probable" category based on the Naranjo algorithm scale, as the culprit drugs.

Conclusions

HLA-B prescreening would succeed in preventing only a minority of SCAR victims. Drug-specific IFN-γ-releasing cells are detectable in almost half of patients. Better strategies are required for better SCAR prevention and culprit drug confirmation.

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Is Telemedicine as Effective as Usual Care?

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Jay M. Portnoy, Ann Chen Wu

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Omalizumab Effectiveness by Biomarker Status in Patients with Asthma: Evidence From PROSPERO, A Prospective Real-World Study

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Thomas B. Casale, Allan T. Luskin, William Busse, Robert S. Zeiger, Benjamin Trzaskoma, Ming Yang, Noelle M. Griffin, Bradley E. Chipps

Background

Omalizumab has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials of patients with asthma, but real-world data are needed.

Objective

To assess outcomes after omalizumab initiation in patients with asthma in a real-world setting.

Methods

Patients aged 12 years and older with allergic asthma who were candidates for omalizumab on the basis of physician-assessed need were enrolled in a US-based, prospective, single-arm, 48-week multicenter study, the Prospective Observational Study to Evaluate Predictors of Clinical Effectiveness in Response to Omalizumab. Monthly assessments included exacerbations, health care utilization, asthma control test (ACT), and adverse events. At baseline, 6 months, and end of study, biomarkers (blood eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide) were collected and spirometry performed.

Results

Of 806 enrollees, 801 (99.4%) received omalizumab and 622 (77.2%) completed the study. The exacerbation rate significantly improved from a mean of 3.00 ± 3.28 in the 12 months before baseline to 0.78 ± 1.37 through month 12 (P < .001) and was similar in adults and adolescents; there was a reduction of 81.9% in the percentage of patients with 1 or more hospitalizations. Lung function remained generally unchanged. A mean improvement of 4.4 ± 4.9 in ACT scores was observed. Eighty-seven percent of patients were responders on the basis of clinical improvement in exacerbations, lung function, or ACT scores. Baseline biomarker status was associated with ACT scores and lung function improvement, but the magnitude of this improvement was not clinically relevant. No new safety signals emerged.

Conclusions

Omalizumab initiation in patients with asthma resulted in improved exacerbation rates, reduced hospitalizations, and improved ACT scores compared with pretreatment values, regardless of biomarker status.

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Health Disparities Among Children with Asthma in the United States by Place of Residence

Publication date: January 2019

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 7, Issue 1

Author(s): Patrick W. Sullivan, Vahram Ghushchyan, Abhishek Kavati, Prakash Navaratnam, Howard S. Friedman, Benjamin Ortiz

Background

Children residing in poor-urban areas may have greater asthma morbidity. It is unclear whether this is due to individual characteristics such as race and ethnicity or place of residence.

Objective

Assess indicators of control and treatment by residence.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional analysis of children (aged 1-17 years) in the 2000-2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Indicators of poor control included use of more than 3 canisters of short-acting beta agonist (SABA) in 3 months, asthma attack, and emergency department (ED) or inpatient (IP) visit during the year. Treatment measures included use of controller medications and a ratio of controller-to-total prescriptions of 0.7 or more.

Results

There were 15,052 children with asthma in the MEPS 2000-2014 data, reflecting 8.4 million children in 2014. After controlling for covariates, children with asthma residing in poor-urban areas had lower odds of using controller medications (odds ratio [OR] = 0.77), having a controller-to-total ratio of 0.7 or more (OR = 0.75), and reporting an asthma attack (OR = 0.75) and higher odds of having an ED/IP visit (OR = 1.3) compared with those living elsewhere. Black race and Hispanic ethnicity were associated with greater odds of excessive SABA use (OR = 2.11) and ED/IP visits (OR = 2.03) and lower odds of controller-to-total ratio of 0.07 or more (OR = 0.50).

Conclusions

Poor-urban residence may be independently associated with asthma control and treatment even after controlling for individual characteristics such as race and ethnicity. Future research is needed to understand the sources of these geographic health disparities to more successfully target public health interventions.

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