There are four infamous words that parents, including me, say to children: "Back in my day … (fill in the blank)." What follows this phrase is usually something like, "I used to walk to school uphill, both ways, barefoot, in the snow." No matter the context, "Back in my day" serves as a bridge linking the past to the present. In the summer of 2018—just a little more than 16 years since I had received my undergraduate degree from Loyola University Maryland in Baltimore—I started a new job as a clinical assistant professor several miles north of my alma mater at Towson University. Prior to this appointment, I worked as a clinical audiologist in a children's hospital as well as an educational audiologist and teacher at a school for the deaf. The Dragon Slayer in...
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Τετάρτη 27 Φεβρουαρίου 2019
Looking Back, Looking Ahead to Transition from Clinic to Academia
Looking Back, Looking Ahead to Transition from Clinic to Academia
There are four infamous words that parents, including me, say to children: "Back in my day … (fill in the blank)." What follows this phrase is usually something like, "I used to walk to school uphill, both ways, barefoot, in the snow." No matter the context, "Back in my day" serves as a bridge linking the past to the present. In the summer of 2018—just a little more than 16 years since I had received my undergraduate degree from Loyola University Maryland in Baltimore—I started a new job as a clinical assistant professor several miles north of my alma mater at Towson University. Prior to this appointment, I worked as a clinical audiologist in a children's hospital as well as an educational audiologist and teacher at a school for the deaf. The Dragon Slayer in...
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Apologia of transparency: answer to the letter of L. Pierot
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Apologia of transparency: answer to the letter of L. Pierot
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AAAAI: Egg Oral Immunotherapy Shows Sustained Benefit in Children
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Egg-allergic children who undergo egg oral immunotherapy (eOIT) and achieve sustained unresponsiveness (SU) eat more egg and have fewer symptoms five years later, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)
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AAAAI: Egg Oral Immunotherapy Shows Sustained Benefit in Children
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Egg-allergic children who undergo egg oral immunotherapy (eOIT) and achieve sustained unresponsiveness (SU) eat more egg and have fewer symptoms five years later, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPKbdi
AAAAI: Egg Oral Immunotherapy Shows Sustained Benefit in Children
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Egg-allergic children who undergo egg oral immunotherapy (eOIT) and achieve sustained unresponsiveness (SU) eat more egg and have fewer symptoms five years later, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPKbdi
AAAAI: Egg Oral Immunotherapy Shows Sustained Benefit in Children
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Egg-allergic children who undergo egg oral immunotherapy (eOIT) and achieve sustained unresponsiveness (SU) eat more egg and have fewer symptoms five years later, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPKbdi
Regioselective Photoreactions within a Series of Mixed Co-crystals Containing Isosteric Dihalogenated Resorcinols with 4-Stilbazole
DOI: 10.1039/C9PP00004F, Communication
The formation and photoreactivity of a series of mixed co-crystals containing 4-stilbazole along with both 4,6-dichlororesorcinol and 4,6-dibromoresorcinol at various ratios is reported. In all cases, the quantitative [2+2] cycloaddition...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
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Solvent Engineering Based on Triethylenetetramine (TETA) for Perovskite Solar Cells Processed in Ambient-Air
DOI: 10.1039/C9PP00071B, Paper
Solvent engineering as a crucial factor in determining the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention in recent years. Herein, we treat PbI2 and perovskite films with...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
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Nanocomposite of N-doped Carbon Dots with Gold Nanoparticles for Visible Light Active Photosensitisers
DOI: 10.1039/C9PP00035F, Paper
This study aims to report the synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) derived from biomass, tannic acid and polyethyleneimine, which is a N-doping agent. The N-doping of the CDs is...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XoMhpo
Regioselective Photoreactions within a Series of Mixed Co-crystals Containing Isosteric Dihalogenated Resorcinols with 4-Stilbazole
DOI: 10.1039/C9PP00004F, Communication
The formation and photoreactivity of a series of mixed co-crystals containing 4-stilbazole along with both 4,6-dichlororesorcinol and 4,6-dibromoresorcinol at various ratios is reported. In all cases, the quantitative [2+2] cycloaddition...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EAv3hB
Solvent Engineering Based on Triethylenetetramine (TETA) for Perovskite Solar Cells Processed in Ambient-Air
DOI: 10.1039/C9PP00071B, Paper
Solvent engineering as a crucial factor in determining the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention in recent years. Herein, we treat PbI2 and perovskite films with...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2UaSDXl
Nanocomposite of N-doped Carbon Dots with Gold Nanoparticles for Visible Light Active Photosensitisers
DOI: 10.1039/C9PP00035F, Paper
This study aims to report the synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) derived from biomass, tannic acid and polyethyleneimine, which is a N-doping agent. The N-doping of the CDs is...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XoMhpo
Inhibition of Histone Methyltransferase G9a Attenuates Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Hearing Loss
In this study, we investigated the effect of G9a (KMT1C, EHMT2), a major histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by the humanEHMT2 gene and responsible for histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) on noise-induced permanent hearing loss (NIHL) in adult CBA/J mice. The conditions of noise exposure used in this study led to losses of cochlear synapses and outer hair cells (OHCs) and permanent auditory threshold shifts. Inhibition of G9a with its specific inhibitor BIX 01294 or with siRNA significantly attenuated these pathological features. Treatment with BIX 01294 also prevented the noise-induced decrease of KCNQ4 immunolabeling in OHCs. Additionally, G9a was increased in cochlear cells, including both outer and inner sensory hair cells, some spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), and marginal...
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A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
In conclusion, auditory training (with either acute participation in an online music training program or audiobook listening) may improve performance on untrained tasks of pitch discrimination and timbre identification. These findings demonstrate a potential role for music training in perceptual auditory appraisal of complex stimuli. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance and the need for more tightly controlled training studies in order to accurat ely evaluate the impact of rehabilitation training protocols on auditory processing. (Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology)
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Inhibition of Histone Methyltransferase G9a Attenuates Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Hearing Loss
In this study, we investigated the effect of G9a (KMT1C, EHMT2), a major histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by the humanEHMT2 gene and responsible for histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) on noise-induced permanent hearing loss (NIHL) in adult CBA/J mice. The conditions of noise exposure used in this study led to losses of cochlear synapses and outer hair cells (OHCs) and permanent auditory threshold shifts. Inhibition of G9a with its specific inhibitor BIX 01294 or with siRNA significantly attenuated these pathological features. Treatment with BIX 01294 also prevented the noise-induced decrease of KCNQ4 immunolabeling in OHCs. Additionally, G9a was increased in cochlear cells, including both outer and inner sensory hair cells, some spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), and marginal...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SwBi9L
Structural Analysis of Recent Allergen-Antibody Complexes and Future Directions
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Allergen-antibody complexes are extremely valuable in describing the detailed molecular features of epitopes. This review summarizes insights gained from recently published co-structures and what obstacles impede the acquisition of further data.
Recent Findings
Structural epitope data helped define the epitopes of two anti-Fel d 1 antibodies undergoing phase I clinical trials, providing a greater level of detail than was possible through hydrogen-deuterium exchange protection studies. Separately, a human camelid-like antibody structure with lysozyme described several unique features in a long variable loop that interacted with the active site cleft of Gal d 4. Finally, a co-structure conclusively demonstrated that Phl p 7 could function as a superantigen and that an antibody could simultaneously recognize two epitopes. These remarkable assertions would not have been possible without visualization of the complex. Only three new complexes have appeared in the last few years, suggesting that there are major impediments to traditional production and crystallization.
Summary
The structural data was extremely valuable in describing epitopes. New techniques like cryo-EM may provide an alternative to crystallography.
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Emerging Therapeutics for Ocular Surface Disease
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this article is to review treatment advances in ocular allergy that include the treatment of the various signs and symptoms of the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface.
Recent Findings
Recent studies have demonstrated improved pharmacological effect of topical agents with artificial tears and cold compresses; brimonidine, a new ophthalmic decongestant which has demonstrated decreased rebound conjunctivitis; and potential use of contact lens and other novel delivery instruments to increase medication retention time.
Summary
Currently, there have been limited advances in novel ophthalmic treatments. Non-pharmacological interventions have demonstrated in a randomized control study that artificial tears and the use cold compresses alone or in combination with ophthalmic antihistamines can enhance the effectiveness of a traditional pharmacological therapy. The primary advances have been the start of head-to-head studies comparing various agents actively being used in the treatment of ocular allergy. In addition, there has been increasing interest in the development of novel delivery systems to increase residence time of pharmacological agents in the ocular surface such as nanoparticles, microfilms; examining novel pathways of controlling the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface such as modulation of cytokines, transcription factors, and immunophilins.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2UajuD2
New and Potential Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: Biologicals and Small Molecules
Abstract
Purpose of Review
An update on new therapies currently approved or potentially useful in the future for the management of patients suffering moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Recent Findings
New pathogenic mechanisms involved in atopic dermatitis have permitted to propose novel therapeutic approaches devised to control the inflammatory process observed in involved cutaneous tissues by neutralizing mediators, cytokines, and their receptors.
Summary
Recent research findings have disclosed important and previously unrecognized pathogenic mechanisms that have resulted in innovative targeted therapies, such as dupilumab, and potentially other biologicals and small molecules. Further studies should permit the sub-classification of patients according to the relevance of different mediators and inflammatory cells. It can be concluded that the treatment of atopic dermatitis has entered into the era of personalized/precision medicine.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2C6BHun
Treatment-induced changes of lymphocyte subsets in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck
Abstract
Purpose
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck is a rare and highly malignant tumor, characterized by perineural growth and early distant metastases. The composition of immune cells in the peripheral blood and the tumor microenvironment is critical to tumor growth and control. However, little is known about the frequency and function of the relevant immune cell subsets in this entity.
Methods
In ACC patients (n = 11) and matched healthy donors (n = 11), the frequency of peripheral blood T and B cells was measured by flow cytometry at different treatment stages of disease (24 samples). Cells were further characterized by their expression of CCR7, PD-1, CD39 and CD73. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for ten patients and for three patients by flow cytometry.
Results
CD4+ T cells had significantly lower frequency after radiotherapy (RT). All other cell frequencies, including Treg, were stable through course of the disease. In B cells, CD73 was reduced after RT. CCR7 expression on T and B cells in patients with relapse/metastases (R/M) differed significantly from patients with active disease. PD-1 remained stable. Treg were more present in TIL compared to peripheral blood.
Conclusion
Composition of lymphocyte subgroups behaves similar to squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck, except for Treg, which remained stable. Nevertheless, the CD4+/Treg ratio was lower after RT, which could stand for an immunosuppressive effect in these patients. Therefore, it could be beneficial treating ACC with combined RT and immunomodulatory drugs.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2H7sUM2
Structural Analysis of Recent Allergen-Antibody Complexes and Future Directions
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Allergen-antibody complexes are extremely valuable in describing the detailed molecular features of epitopes. This review summarizes insights gained from recently published co-structures and what obstacles impede the acquisition of further data.
Recent Findings
Structural epitope data helped define the epitopes of two anti-Fel d 1 antibodies undergoing phase I clinical trials, providing a greater level of detail than was possible through hydrogen-deuterium exchange protection studies. Separately, a human camelid-like antibody structure with lysozyme described several unique features in a long variable loop that interacted with the active site cleft of Gal d 4. Finally, a co-structure conclusively demonstrated that Phl p 7 could function as a superantigen and that an antibody could simultaneously recognize two epitopes. These remarkable assertions would not have been possible without visualization of the complex. Only three new complexes have appeared in the last few years, suggesting that there are major impediments to traditional production and crystallization.
Summary
The structural data was extremely valuable in describing epitopes. New techniques like cryo-EM may provide an alternative to crystallography.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BQw5nN
Emerging Therapeutics for Ocular Surface Disease
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this article is to review treatment advances in ocular allergy that include the treatment of the various signs and symptoms of the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface.
Recent Findings
Recent studies have demonstrated improved pharmacological effect of topical agents with artificial tears and cold compresses; brimonidine, a new ophthalmic decongestant which has demonstrated decreased rebound conjunctivitis; and potential use of contact lens and other novel delivery instruments to increase medication retention time.
Summary
Currently, there have been limited advances in novel ophthalmic treatments. Non-pharmacological interventions have demonstrated in a randomized control study that artificial tears and the use cold compresses alone or in combination with ophthalmic antihistamines can enhance the effectiveness of a traditional pharmacological therapy. The primary advances have been the start of head-to-head studies comparing various agents actively being used in the treatment of ocular allergy. In addition, there has been increasing interest in the development of novel delivery systems to increase residence time of pharmacological agents in the ocular surface such as nanoparticles, microfilms; examining novel pathways of controlling the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface such as modulation of cytokines, transcription factors, and immunophilins.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2UajuD2
New and Potential Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: Biologicals and Small Molecules
Abstract
Purpose of Review
An update on new therapies currently approved or potentially useful in the future for the management of patients suffering moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Recent Findings
New pathogenic mechanisms involved in atopic dermatitis have permitted to propose novel therapeutic approaches devised to control the inflammatory process observed in involved cutaneous tissues by neutralizing mediators, cytokines, and their receptors.
Summary
Recent research findings have disclosed important and previously unrecognized pathogenic mechanisms that have resulted in innovative targeted therapies, such as dupilumab, and potentially other biologicals and small molecules. Further studies should permit the sub-classification of patients according to the relevance of different mediators and inflammatory cells. It can be concluded that the treatment of atopic dermatitis has entered into the era of personalized/precision medicine.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2C6BHun
Treatment-induced changes of lymphocyte subsets in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck
Abstract
Purpose
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck is a rare and highly malignant tumor, characterized by perineural growth and early distant metastases. The composition of immune cells in the peripheral blood and the tumor microenvironment is critical to tumor growth and control. However, little is known about the frequency and function of the relevant immune cell subsets in this entity.
Methods
In ACC patients (n = 11) and matched healthy donors (n = 11), the frequency of peripheral blood T and B cells was measured by flow cytometry at different treatment stages of disease (24 samples). Cells were further characterized by their expression of CCR7, PD-1, CD39 and CD73. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for ten patients and for three patients by flow cytometry.
Results
CD4+ T cells had significantly lower frequency after radiotherapy (RT). All other cell frequencies, including Treg, were stable through course of the disease. In B cells, CD73 was reduced after RT. CCR7 expression on T and B cells in patients with relapse/metastases (R/M) differed significantly from patients with active disease. PD-1 remained stable. Treg were more present in TIL compared to peripheral blood.
Conclusion
Composition of lymphocyte subgroups behaves similar to squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck, except for Treg, which remained stable. Nevertheless, the CD4+/Treg ratio was lower after RT, which could stand for an immunosuppressive effect in these patients. Therefore, it could be beneficial treating ACC with combined RT and immunomodulatory drugs.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2H7sUM2
Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Advances
Abstract
Purpose of Review
To present recent developments in pediatric regional anesthesia (RA) including safety, complications, special populations, evidence-based trends, and ultrasound guidance. The data presented should be used to improve outcomes of children receiving RA.
Recent Findings
Current data demonstrates a very low occurrence of serious complications and validates the use of GA for block placement in children. Fewer neuraxial blocks are performed in favor of peripheral blocks as the use of ultrasound guidance has made new blocks possible and old blocks better and safer. Neonates and infants have more RA options. Adjuvant medications and ambulatory catheters increase the duration of RA and facilitate cost-effective, low-risk hospital discharge. The local anesthetic systemic toxicity checklist reinforces new guidelines.
Summary
Increasing pediatric-specific RA data shows increased analgesic choices and improving patient care. Large well-designed studies to precisely define the risks and benefits and appropriate applications of novel ideas and technologies are needed.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T3j9Wk
A Review of Anesthesia Simulation in Low-Income Countries
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Anesthesia workforce gaps in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can hinder safe surgical care. Several countries have fewer than one anesthesiologist per million population and some have fewer than two anesthesiologists nationally. Limited apprenticeship opportunities and inadequate supervision present serious challenges in these locations. Although simulation training could help disseminate expert guidance, the high cost, technical challenges, and varied approaches limit application. We reviewed the literature on cost-efficient and effective simulation training programs for anesthesia workforces in LMICs.
Recent Findings
Publications relevant to anesthesia simulation in these countries are limited but include anesthesia skill gap identification, technical skill training, and scenario management.
Summary
High-cost, high-technology simulation available in high-resource countries is often impractical in LMICs. We identified low-cost approaches that are typically used to assess skill deficiencies and develop nontechnical and technical skills. Future studies should evaluate optimal modalities and equipment for greatest impact.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EmFe7N
Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Advances
Abstract
Purpose of Review
To present recent developments in pediatric regional anesthesia (RA) including safety, complications, special populations, evidence-based trends, and ultrasound guidance. The data presented should be used to improve outcomes of children receiving RA.
Recent Findings
Current data demonstrates a very low occurrence of serious complications and validates the use of GA for block placement in children. Fewer neuraxial blocks are performed in favor of peripheral blocks as the use of ultrasound guidance has made new blocks possible and old blocks better and safer. Neonates and infants have more RA options. Adjuvant medications and ambulatory catheters increase the duration of RA and facilitate cost-effective, low-risk hospital discharge. The local anesthetic systemic toxicity checklist reinforces new guidelines.
Summary
Increasing pediatric-specific RA data shows increased analgesic choices and improving patient care. Large well-designed studies to precisely define the risks and benefits and appropriate applications of novel ideas and technologies are needed.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T3j9Wk
Structural Analysis of Recent Allergen-Antibody Complexes and Future Directions
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Allergen-antibody complexes are extremely valuable in describing the detailed molecular features of epitopes. This review summarizes insights gained from recently published co-structures and what obstacles impede the acquisition of further data.
Recent Findings
Structural epitope data helped define the epitopes of two anti-Fel d 1 antibodies undergoing phase I clinical trials, providing a greater level of detail than was possible through hydrogen-deuterium exchange protection studies. Separately, a human camelid-like antibody structure with lysozyme described several unique features in a long variable loop that interacted with the active site cleft of Gal d 4. Finally, a co-structure conclusively demonstrated that Phl p 7 could function as a superantigen and that an antibody could simultaneously recognize two epitopes. These remarkable assertions would not have been possible without visualization of the complex. Only three new complexes have appeared in the last few years, suggesting that there are major impediments to traditional production and crystallization.
Summary
The structural data was extremely valuable in describing epitopes. New techniques like cryo-EM may provide an alternative to crystallography.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BQw5nN
Emerging Therapeutics for Ocular Surface Disease
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this article is to review treatment advances in ocular allergy that include the treatment of the various signs and symptoms of the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface.
Recent Findings
Recent studies have demonstrated improved pharmacological effect of topical agents with artificial tears and cold compresses; brimonidine, a new ophthalmic decongestant which has demonstrated decreased rebound conjunctivitis; and potential use of contact lens and other novel delivery instruments to increase medication retention time.
Summary
Currently, there have been limited advances in novel ophthalmic treatments. Non-pharmacological interventions have demonstrated in a randomized control study that artificial tears and the use cold compresses alone or in combination with ophthalmic antihistamines can enhance the effectiveness of a traditional pharmacological therapy. The primary advances have been the start of head-to-head studies comparing various agents actively being used in the treatment of ocular allergy. In addition, there has been increasing interest in the development of novel delivery systems to increase residence time of pharmacological agents in the ocular surface such as nanoparticles, microfilms; examining novel pathways of controlling the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface such as modulation of cytokines, transcription factors, and immunophilins.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2UajuD2
New and Potential Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: Biologicals and Small Molecules
Abstract
Purpose of Review
An update on new therapies currently approved or potentially useful in the future for the management of patients suffering moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Recent Findings
New pathogenic mechanisms involved in atopic dermatitis have permitted to propose novel therapeutic approaches devised to control the inflammatory process observed in involved cutaneous tissues by neutralizing mediators, cytokines, and their receptors.
Summary
Recent research findings have disclosed important and previously unrecognized pathogenic mechanisms that have resulted in innovative targeted therapies, such as dupilumab, and potentially other biologicals and small molecules. Further studies should permit the sub-classification of patients according to the relevance of different mediators and inflammatory cells. It can be concluded that the treatment of atopic dermatitis has entered into the era of personalized/precision medicine.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2C6BHun
Structural Analysis of Recent Allergen-Antibody Complexes and Future Directions
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Allergen-antibody complexes are extremely valuable in describing the detailed molecular features of epitopes. This review summarizes insights gained from recently published co-structures and what obstacles impede the acquisition of further data.
Recent Findings
Structural epitope data helped define the epitopes of two anti-Fel d 1 antibodies undergoing phase I clinical trials, providing a greater level of detail than was possible through hydrogen-deuterium exchange protection studies. Separately, a human camelid-like antibody structure with lysozyme described several unique features in a long variable loop that interacted with the active site cleft of Gal d 4. Finally, a co-structure conclusively demonstrated that Phl p 7 could function as a superantigen and that an antibody could simultaneously recognize two epitopes. These remarkable assertions would not have been possible without visualization of the complex. Only three new complexes have appeared in the last few years, suggesting that there are major impediments to traditional production and crystallization.
Summary
The structural data was extremely valuable in describing epitopes. New techniques like cryo-EM may provide an alternative to crystallography.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BQw5nN
Emerging Therapeutics for Ocular Surface Disease
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this article is to review treatment advances in ocular allergy that include the treatment of the various signs and symptoms of the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface.
Recent Findings
Recent studies have demonstrated improved pharmacological effect of topical agents with artificial tears and cold compresses; brimonidine, a new ophthalmic decongestant which has demonstrated decreased rebound conjunctivitis; and potential use of contact lens and other novel delivery instruments to increase medication retention time.
Summary
Currently, there have been limited advances in novel ophthalmic treatments. Non-pharmacological interventions have demonstrated in a randomized control study that artificial tears and the use cold compresses alone or in combination with ophthalmic antihistamines can enhance the effectiveness of a traditional pharmacological therapy. The primary advances have been the start of head-to-head studies comparing various agents actively being used in the treatment of ocular allergy. In addition, there has been increasing interest in the development of novel delivery systems to increase residence time of pharmacological agents in the ocular surface such as nanoparticles, microfilms; examining novel pathways of controlling the allergic inflammatory response of the ocular surface such as modulation of cytokines, transcription factors, and immunophilins.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2UajuD2
New and Potential Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: Biologicals and Small Molecules
Abstract
Purpose of Review
An update on new therapies currently approved or potentially useful in the future for the management of patients suffering moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Recent Findings
New pathogenic mechanisms involved in atopic dermatitis have permitted to propose novel therapeutic approaches devised to control the inflammatory process observed in involved cutaneous tissues by neutralizing mediators, cytokines, and their receptors.
Summary
Recent research findings have disclosed important and previously unrecognized pathogenic mechanisms that have resulted in innovative targeted therapies, such as dupilumab, and potentially other biologicals and small molecules. Further studies should permit the sub-classification of patients according to the relevance of different mediators and inflammatory cells. It can be concluded that the treatment of atopic dermatitis has entered into the era of personalized/precision medicine.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2C6BHun
Adroit Surgical Is Pleased to Announce as of Today the Following Distributor Partners Are Offering Adroit Surgical ’s New Vie Scope Product to the EMS Market
OKLAHOMA CITY, OK – Adroit Surgical is pleased to announce the following Distributor Partners now offer the full line of Adroit Surgical products to the North American EMS Market. Distributors are listed in alphabetical order: Dixie EMS E. Pickering Guardian EMS Supply J&B Medical Live Action Safety Medline Industries The EMS Stoeighre The Fire Store Kris Bordnick, Director of EMS Sales issued the following statement regarding the announcement – "We are looking forward to partnering with these premier EMS Distributors to offer Adroit Surgical's product line to EMS Professionals throughout North America. The new Distributor Partners are well known throughout the EMS Market as key players who provide outstanding service, a consultative sales organization, and a deep history of ...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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Why Do Some Kids With Eczema Develop Food Allergies?
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Researchers have added to a growing body of evidence that skin plays a major role in food allergies. Their study of 62 children with eczema found that those with food allergies had skin irregularities not present on... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
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Tick Bites More Likely to Cause Red Meat Allergy Than Thought
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Certain tick bites can cause a red meat allergy, and now scientists are shedding new light on the condition, known as alpha-gal syndrome. Alpha-gal is a sugar found in most mammal blood, but not in humans. " Our original... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
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Scientists devise strategies to counteract T cell exhaustion in CAR T cancer therapies
(La Jolla Institute for Immunology) CAR T-cell therapies have saved lives in patients with blood cancers, but there has been a downside: T cells that enter solid tumors can stop working due to a phenomenon called T cell exhaustion.Now scientists at the La Jolla Institute of Immunology (LJI) have found a way of counteracting T cell exhaustion and making CAR T cell therapies more effective. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
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Adroit Surgical Is Pleased to Announce as of Today the Following Distributor Partners Are Offering Adroit Surgical ’s New Vie Scope Product to the EMS Market
OKLAHOMA CITY, OK – Adroit Surgical is pleased to announce the following Distributor Partners now offer the full line of Adroit Surgical products to the North American EMS Market. Distributors are listed in alphabetical order: Dixie EMS E. Pickering Guardian EMS Supply J&B Medical Live Action Safety Medline Industries The EMS Stoeighre The Fire Store Kris Bordnick, Director of EMS Sales issued the following statement regarding the announcement – "We are looking forward to partnering with these premier EMS Distributors to offer Adroit Surgical's product line to EMS Professionals throughout North America. The new Distributor Partners are well known throughout the EMS Market as key players who provide outstanding service, a consultative sales organization, and a deep history of ...
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Why Do Some Kids With Eczema Develop Food Allergies?
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Researchers have added to a growing body of evidence that skin plays a major role in food allergies. Their study of 62 children with eczema found that those with food allergies had skin irregularities not present on... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NBR6Y4
Tick Bites More Likely to Cause Red Meat Allergy Than Thought
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Certain tick bites can cause a red meat allergy, and now scientists are shedding new light on the condition, known as alpha-gal syndrome. Alpha-gal is a sugar found in most mammal blood, but not in humans. " Our original... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
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Scientists devise strategies to counteract T cell exhaustion in CAR T cancer therapies
(La Jolla Institute for Immunology) CAR T-cell therapies have saved lives in patients with blood cancers, but there has been a downside: T cells that enter solid tumors can stop working due to a phenomenon called T cell exhaustion.Now scientists at the La Jolla Institute of Immunology (LJI) have found a way of counteracting T cell exhaustion and making CAR T cell therapies more effective. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
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A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
In conclusion, auditory training (with either acute participation in an online music training program or audiobook listening) may improve performance on untrained tasks of pitch discrimination and timbre identification. These findings demonstrate a potential role for music training in perceptual auditory appraisal of complex stimuli. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance and the need for more tightly controlled training studies in order to accurat ely evaluate the impact of rehabilitation training protocols on auditory processing. (Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPsHgS
Why Do Some Kids With Eczema Develop Food Allergies?
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Researchers have added to a growing body of evidence that skin plays a major role in food allergies. Their study of 62 children with eczema found that those with food allergies had skin irregularities not present on... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NBR6Y4
Tick Bites More Likely to Cause Red Meat Allergy Than Thought
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Certain tick bites can cause a red meat allergy, and now scientists are shedding new light on the condition, known as alpha-gal syndrome. Alpha-gal is a sugar found in most mammal blood, but not in humans. " Our original... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GOVWAw
Scientists devise strategies to counteract T cell exhaustion in CAR T cancer therapies
(La Jolla Institute for Immunology) CAR T-cell therapies have saved lives in patients with blood cancers, but there has been a downside: T cells that enter solid tumors can stop working due to a phenomenon called T cell exhaustion.Now scientists at the La Jolla Institute of Immunology (LJI) have found a way of counteracting T cell exhaustion and making CAR T cell therapies more effective. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NxgY7o
A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
In conclusion, auditory training (with either acute participation in an online music training program or audiobook listening) may improve performance on untrained tasks of pitch discrimination and timbre identification. These findings demonstrate a potential role for music training in perceptual auditory appraisal of complex stimuli. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance and the need for more tightly controlled training studies in order to accurat ely evaluate the impact of rehabilitation training protocols on auditory processing. (Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPsHgS
Why Do Some Kids With Eczema Develop Food Allergies?
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Researchers have added to a growing body of evidence that skin plays a major role in food allergies. Their study of 62 children with eczema found that those with food allergies had skin irregularities not present on... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NBR6Y4
Tick Bites More Likely to Cause Red Meat Allergy Than Thought
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 -- Certain tick bites can cause a red meat allergy, and now scientists are shedding new light on the condition, known as alpha-gal syndrome. Alpha-gal is a sugar found in most mammal blood, but not in humans. " Our original... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GOVWAw
Scientists devise strategies to counteract T cell exhaustion in CAR T cancer therapies
(La Jolla Institute for Immunology) CAR T-cell therapies have saved lives in patients with blood cancers, but there has been a downside: T cells that enter solid tumors can stop working due to a phenomenon called T cell exhaustion.Now scientists at the La Jolla Institute of Immunology (LJI) have found a way of counteracting T cell exhaustion and making CAR T cell therapies more effective. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NxgY7o
The MALT1 locus and Peanut Avoidance in the Risk for Peanut Allergy
We identified a strong association between peanut allergy and the MALT1 locus in LEAP participants in the peanut avoidance group with 58.6% of carriers developing peanut allergy at 60 months as compared to 12.7% of non-carriers. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EivdZq
Gene expression signatures of circulating human type 1, 2 and 3 innate lymphoid cells
We explored gene expression profile of circulating helper-like innate lymphoid cells (ILC). In addition to identifying novel gene signatures, we discovered abnormal T cell receptor expression in ILC, suggesting a link between these cell types. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T15K0K
Fevipiprant, a selective prostaglandin-D2 receptor-2 antagonist, inhibits human group-2 innate lymphoid cell aggregation and function
Fevipiprant is a potent inhibitor of PGD2-mediated ILC2 activation. The findings support further development as a therapeutic intervention for asthma. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Immunoglobulin Concentrations Differ According to Sex, Race, and Age
Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations are used as diagnostic tests for immune deficiencies and autoimmune diseases such as IgG4-related disease. Differences in IgG and IgG subclass concentrations according to sex and race have been suggested but remain ill-defined. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Penicillin and clindamycin associated anaphylaxis and serious cutaneous adverse reactions
The population-based incidence of penicillin- and clindamycin-associated anaphylaxis and serious cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) is uncertain. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T4aN0G
The Presence of Carpet Alters Human Exposure to Microorganisms in the Home
Resuspension of dust from carpet is an important source of microbial, chemical, and allergen exposure in the indoor built environment. Carpet constitutes 51% of the total US flooring market according to the Carpet and Rug Institute. However, it remains to be determined if the presence of carpet in a home affects the fungal and bacterial species composition and if factors such as relative humidity (RH) influence the indoor microbiome. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: Are There Differences Between Children And Adults?
Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) affect about 7% of the general population; they may be unpredictable and represent a life-threatening risk. The study aimed to analyze the clinical profile and possible differences between children and adults that presented a DHR. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Accuracy and Safety of Nasal Allergen Challenge in Asthmatic and Non-Asthmatic Patients
Nasal allergen challenge (NAC) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR) phenotypes. However, studies on its diagnostic reliability and safety in rhinitis patients with- and without-asthma are scarce. Our aim was to analyse the accuracy and safety of NAC in asthmatic and non-asthmatic rhinitis patients. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Characterization and Comparison of Human LAD1 Mast Cells with Human LAD2 Mast Cells
LAD2 human mast cells were developed over 15 years ago and have been distributed worldwide for studying proliferation, receptor expression, mediator release/inhibition and signaling. LAD2 cells were derived from CD34+ cells following marrow aspiration of a patient with aggressive mastocytosis. Another aspiration gave rise to the cell line LAD1 which has been under liquid N2 and not distributed due to the availability of LAD2. LAD1 cells were recently thawed for study. We queried whether LAD1 had unique properties for the study of human mast cell biology (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Characterization of cell proliferation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Dysregulated cell proliferation in the lung is one of the key hallmarks in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Proliferation of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and fibroblasts is a particularly important event in IPF development. However, it is not understood how such proliferation leads to an advanced stage of fibrosis. Therefore, it is very important to characterize the proliferation of type II AECs in IPF lungs with different histological appearances. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Management of Chronic Urticaria in a Pediatric Population
Data is sparse regarding omalizumab role 's in the management of Chronic Urticaria (CU) in children. We aimed to evaluate management of CU and assess the effect of omalizumab in children. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Yellow Fever Vaccine (YFV) for Patients with Egg Allergy: Protocol Proposal.
The current yellow fever epidemic in Brazil has already 1,266 confirmed cases and 415 deaths by 2018-July. Vaccination is the most effective measure of protection against this disease. However, YFV shows ovalbumin levels (>2 μg/ml) not considered safe for patients with egg allergy (EA). Our objective was to describe the vaccination protocol using the Brazilian YFV in EA patients attended in a Reference Allergy Center and to relate the YFV skin tests (ST) to the clinical manifestations reported. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Impact of Neisseria Meningitidis on Immune System Gene Expression
Neisseria meningitidis causes respiratory tract infections and invasive disease including bacteremia, sepsis and meningitis. Competitive genome interactions between infectious agents and an infected individual may change the level of select gene expression (increase / decrease / deactivation) in immune cells. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Elywis
Vernal Kerataconjunctivitis Treated With Omalizumab: a serie of cases
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ophthalmologic clinical improvement with the use of omalizumab (OM). (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T2a4Nn
The MALT1 locus and Peanut Avoidance in the Risk for Peanut Allergy
We identified a strong association between peanut allergy and the MALT1 locus in LEAP participants in the peanut avoidance group with 58.6% of carriers developing peanut allergy at 60 months as compared to 12.7% of non-carriers. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EivdZq
Gene expression signatures of circulating human type 1, 2 and 3 innate lymphoid cells
We explored gene expression profile of circulating helper-like innate lymphoid cells (ILC). In addition to identifying novel gene signatures, we discovered abnormal T cell receptor expression in ILC, suggesting a link between these cell types. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T15K0K
Fevipiprant, a selective prostaglandin-D2 receptor-2 antagonist, inhibits human group-2 innate lymphoid cell aggregation and function
Fevipiprant is a potent inhibitor of PGD2-mediated ILC2 activation. The findings support further development as a therapeutic intervention for asthma. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EgEnWq
F-BAR domain only protein 1 (FCHO1) deficiency is a novel cause of combined immune deficiency in humans
FCHO1 deficiency is a novel autosomal recessive combined immune deficiency with impaired clathrin-mediated endocytosis (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Adapting and Expanding the Algorithmic Software Tool to Help Manage Asthma (ASTHMAXcel) for Pediatric Use
This study evaluates this intervention regarding patient satisfaction and asthma illness representation (IR) among children and caregivers. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Anaphylaxis-related posttraumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and disabling entity, which negatively impacts health and quality of life. It occurs after events that are perceived as life-threatening and has a lifetime rate of 7%. Strikingly, there is very little data on anaphylaxis-related PTSD. We hypothesized that the emotional sequelae of severe anaphylaxis have been overlooked thus far and warrant investigation. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Penicillin and clindamycin associated anaphylaxis and serious cutaneous adverse reactions
The population-based incidence of penicillin- and clindamycin-associated anaphylaxis and serious cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) is uncertain. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T4aN0G
The Presence of Carpet Alters Human Exposure to Microorganisms in the Home
Resuspension of dust from carpet is an important source of microbial, chemical, and allergen exposure in the indoor built environment. Carpet constitutes 51% of the total US flooring market according to the Carpet and Rug Institute. However, it remains to be determined if the presence of carpet in a home affects the fungal and bacterial species composition and if factors such as relative humidity (RH) influence the indoor microbiome. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EnslL4
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: Are There Differences Between Children And Adults?
Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) affect about 7% of the general population; they may be unpredictable and represent a life-threatening risk. The study aimed to analyze the clinical profile and possible differences between children and adults that presented a DHR. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T4aMKa
Accuracy and Safety of Nasal Allergen Challenge in Asthmatic and Non-Asthmatic Patients
Nasal allergen challenge (NAC) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR) phenotypes. However, studies on its diagnostic reliability and safety in rhinitis patients with- and without-asthma are scarce. Our aim was to analyse the accuracy and safety of NAC in asthmatic and non-asthmatic rhinitis patients. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2EmuoP9
Characterization of cell proliferation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Dysregulated cell proliferation in the lung is one of the key hallmarks in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Proliferation of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and fibroblasts is a particularly important event in IPF development. However, it is not understood how such proliferation leads to an advanced stage of fibrosis. Therefore, it is very important to characterize the proliferation of type II AECs in IPF lungs with different histological appearances. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Egtvry
Management of Chronic Urticaria in a Pediatric Population
Data is sparse regarding omalizumab role 's in the management of Chronic Urticaria (CU) in children. We aimed to evaluate management of CU and assess the effect of omalizumab in children. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T6PTOa
Screening With Serology Testing Children With Asthma Could Contribute To Substantial Cost Savings To US Payors: A Population-Based Simulation Study
8.3% of American children was affected by asthma in 2016 [CDC]. Sensitization to mites can occur in 30.6% of asthmatic children, with a linear dose-response curve between sIgE and asthma morbidity [Wang-2016]. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Epinephrine use with oral food challenges versus food oral immunotherapy in clinical practice
Oral food challenges (OFC) are the accepted gold standard for diagnosis of food allergy and have a reported rate of anaphylaxis of 2%. Office based oral immunotherapy (OIT) is becoming more prevalent. The rates of anaphylaxis that require epinephrine with OIT has not been compared to OFC 's. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Analysis of Oral Food Challenges to Determine Predictors of Almond Hypersensitivity
The predictive value of serum specific IgE, skin prick test (SPT), and history of prior reaction for IgE-mediated almond hypersensitivity remains unknown. This was assessed by evaluating almond open oral food challenge (OFC) outcomes in a clinical setting. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Impact of Neisseria Meningitidis on Immune System Gene Expression
Neisseria meningitidis causes respiratory tract infections and invasive disease including bacteremia, sepsis and meningitis. Competitive genome interactions between infectious agents and an infected individual may change the level of select gene expression (increase / decrease / deactivation) in immune cells. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Elywis
Vernal Kerataconjunctivitis Treated With Omalizumab: a serie of cases
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ophthalmologic clinical improvement with the use of omalizumab (OM). (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T2a4Nn
Cytoskeletal regulation of B cell receptor (BCR) organization and signaling
Date: Wednesday, 05 08, 2019; Speaker: Michael Gold, Ph.D., Professor, Department Head, Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Building: Building 50; 1227/1233 (Source: NIH Calendar of Events)
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Cytoskeletal regulation of B cell receptor (BCR) organization and signaling
Date: Wednesday, 05 08, 2019; Speaker: Michael Gold, Ph.D., Professor, Department Head, Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Building: Building 50; 1227/1233 (Source: NIH Calendar of Events)
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
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Pregnancy Week-Specific Reference Ranges for Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2tG7ygH
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2H5zYsu
Pregnancy Week-Specific Reference Ranges for Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2tG7ygH
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IPPU4G
Pregnancy Week-Specific Reference Ranges for Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TixkWK
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IPPU4G
Pregnancy Week-Specific Reference Ranges for Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TixkWK
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IPPU4G
Pregnancy Week-Specific Reference Ranges for Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TixkWK
The awesome power of optogenetics in hearing research
Publication date: Available online 26 February 2019Source: Neuroscience LettersAuthor(s): Joseph DiGuiseppi, Jian ZuoAbstractThe use of light as a tool to manipulate cellular processes or optogenetics has developed rapidly in various biological fields over the past decade. Through the addition of photosensitive proteins, light can be used to control intracellular mechanisms, map neuronal pathways, and alter variables that would be difficult to control using other mechanisms. Photons of a specific wavelength affect these light sensitive targets for in vitro or in vivo experiments. Optogenetics is beneficial because it gives the investigator spatial and temporal control over experimental variables. Precise control is achieved by sequential activation of different ion channels and the ability...
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A Case Report of Delayed Onset Spontaneous Hematoma, Pain, and Temporal Bone Neo-Ossification 16 Years After Cochlear Implantation.
Authors: Ajduk J, Matovinović F, Ries M, Košec A PMID: 30803268 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Tog6XW
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IPPU4G
Pregnancy Week-Specific Reference Ranges for Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TixkWK
The awesome power of optogenetics in hearing research
Publication date: Available online 26 February 2019Source: Neuroscience LettersAuthor(s): Joseph DiGuiseppi, Jian ZuoAbstractThe use of light as a tool to manipulate cellular processes or optogenetics has developed rapidly in various biological fields over the past decade. Through the addition of photosensitive proteins, light can be used to control intracellular mechanisms, map neuronal pathways, and alter variables that would be difficult to control using other mechanisms. Photons of a specific wavelength affect these light sensitive targets for in vitro or in vivo experiments. Optogenetics is beneficial because it gives the investigator spatial and temporal control over experimental variables. Precise control is achieved by sequential activation of different ion channels and the ability...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IFZkzu
A Case Report of Delayed Onset Spontaneous Hematoma, Pain, and Temporal Bone Neo-Ossification 16 Years After Cochlear Implantation.
Authors: Ajduk J, Matovinović F, Ries M, Košec A PMID: 30803268 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
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Issue Information
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Forthcoming Meetings
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Sibs, low‐level allergic sensitization and adolescents
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Cover Image
The cover image is based on the Original Article Dividing neutrophils in subsets reveals a significant role for activated neutrophils in the development of airway hyperreactivity by Sandra Ekstedt et al, https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13311.
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Issue Information
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Forthcoming Meetings
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Sibs, low‐level allergic sensitization and adolescents
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Towards excellence in paediatric allergy care for all
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Cover Image
The cover image is based on the Original Article Dividing neutrophils in subsets reveals a significant role for activated neutrophils in the development of airway hyperreactivity by Sandra Ekstedt et al, https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13311.
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Best of the Other Journals
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Hay fever warning - the sign underneath your eyes that could reveal your risk of allergies
HAYFEVER symptoms can include headaches, sneezing, and having runny noses. But you could also be at risk of the pollen allergy if you have this one sign underneath your eyes. Should you consider taking hay fever tablets? (Source: Daily Express - Health)
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Tick Bites Even More Likely to Cause Meat Allergy?
New research suggests that every tick bite could potentially lead to meat allergy, a greater risk than had been suspected. (Source: WebMD Health)
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After Peanut Allergy Rx, Eating Small Bits of Peanut Might Help: Study
Title: After Peanut Allergy Rx, Eating Small Bits of Peanut Might Help: StudyCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/25/2019 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 2/26/2019 12:00:00 AM (Source: MedicineNet Allergies General)
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Hay fever warning - the sign underneath your eyes that could reveal your risk of allergies
HAYFEVER symptoms can include headaches, sneezing, and having runny noses. But you could also be at risk of the pollen allergy if you have this one sign underneath your eyes. Should you consider taking hay fever tablets? (Source: Daily Express - Health)
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Tick Bites Even More Likely to Cause Meat Allergy?
New research suggests that every tick bite could potentially lead to meat allergy, a greater risk than had been suspected. (Source: WebMD Health)
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After Peanut Allergy Rx, Eating Small Bits of Peanut Might Help: Study
Title: After Peanut Allergy Rx, Eating Small Bits of Peanut Might Help: StudyCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/25/2019 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 2/26/2019 12:00:00 AM (Source: MedicineNet Allergies General)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
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Hay fever warning - the sign underneath your eyes that could reveal your risk of allergies
HAYFEVER symptoms can include headaches, sneezing, and having runny noses. But you could also be at risk of the pollen allergy if you have this one sign underneath your eyes. Should you consider taking hay fever tablets? (Source: Daily Express - Health)
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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Tick Bites Even More Likely to Cause Meat Allergy?
New research suggests that every tick bite could potentially lead to meat allergy, a greater risk than had been suspected. (Source: WebMD Health)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2T2k2hM
Hay fever warning - the sign underneath your eyes that could reveal your risk of allergies
HAYFEVER symptoms can include headaches, sneezing, and having runny noses. But you could also be at risk of the pollen allergy if you have this one sign underneath your eyes. Should you consider taking hay fever tablets? (Source: Daily Express - Health)
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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Tick Bites Even More Likely to Cause Meat Allergy?
New research suggests that every tick bite could potentially lead to meat allergy, a greater risk than had been suspected. (Source: WebMD Health)
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After Peanut Allergy Rx, Eating Small Bits of Peanut Might Help: Study
Title: After Peanut Allergy Rx, Eating Small Bits of Peanut Might Help: StudyCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/25/2019 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 2/26/2019 12:00:00 AM (Source: MedicineNet Allergies General)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
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A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
Abstract
Cochlear implant (CI) biomechanical constraints result in impoverished spectral cues and poor frequency resolution, making it difficult for users to perceive pitch and timbre. There is emerging evidence that music training may improve CI-mediated music perception; however, much of the existing studies involve time-intensive and less readily accessible in-person music training paradigms, without rigorous experimental control paradigms. Online resources for auditory rehabilitation remain an untapped potential resource for CI users. Furthermore, establishing immediate value from an acute music training program may encourage CI users to adhere to post-implantation rehabilitation exercises. In this study, we evaluated the impact of an acute online music training program on pitch discrimination and timbre identification. Via a randomized controlled crossover study design, 20 CI users and 21 normal hearing (NH) adults were assigned to one of two arms. Arm-A underwent 1 month of online self-paced music training (intervention) followed by 1 month of audiobook listening (control). Arm-B underwent 1 month of audiobook listening followed by 1 month of music training. Pitch and timbre sensitivity scores were taken across three visits: (1) baseline, (2) after 1 month of intervention, and (3) after 1 month of control. We found that performance improved in pitch discrimination among CI users and NH listeners, with both online music training and audiobook listening. Music training, however, provided slightly greater benefit for instrument identification than audiobook listening. For both tasks, this improvement appears to be related to both fast stimulus learning as well as procedural learning. In conclusion, auditory training (with either acute participation in an online music training program or audiobook listening) may improve performance on untrained tasks of pitch discrimination and timbre identification. These findings demonstrate a potential role for music training in perceptual auditory appraisal of complex stimuli. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance and the need for more tightly controlled training studies in order to accurately evaluate the impact of rehabilitation training protocols on auditory processing.
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Frequency of Cervical Spine Injuries in Pediatric Craniomaxillofacial Trauma
In pediatric craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma patients, evaluation for cervical spine injury (CSI) is critical, but there are no studies investigating CSI in this unique population. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency of CSI in pediatric CMF fracture population.
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Frequency of Cervical Spine Injuries in Pediatric Craniomaxillofacial Trauma
In pediatric craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma patients, evaluation for cervical spine injury (CSI) is critical, but there are no studies investigating CSI in this unique population. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency of CSI in pediatric CMF fracture population.
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The effects of QMix and EndoActivator on postoperative pain in mandibular molars with nonvital pulps: a randomized clinical trial
Abstract
Aim
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different irrigation solutions when used EndoActivator on postoperative pain.
Methodology
A total of 104 subjects with nonvital pulps were selected and randomly assigned to four experimental groups; (G) 1 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + conventional endodontic syringe, (G) 2 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + EndoActivator, (G) 3 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + QMix + conventional endodontic syringe, (G) 4 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + QMix + EndoActivator. All the patients were prescribed ibuprofen 400 mg to be taken every 8 h in case of pain. The patients were asked to rate the severity of the postoperative pain on a visual analog scale (VAS) for 8th, 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours after the visit. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Chi-Square tests.
Results
G4 resulted in lesser postoperative pain levels on 8th, 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours than the G2, G3, and G1 did. There was no significant difference between G4 and G2 and between G3 and G1 in terms of the postoperative pain levels at any time interval (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
It was determined that the postoperative values of the groups, in which EA was used, were statistically significantly lower than in the other groups. The combined use of QMix and EA provided the most significant decrease in the postoperative pain values.
Clinical relevance
Successful management of postoperative pain is an important issue for the clinician. The combined use of Qmix and EA can be recommended to the clinicians.
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The effects of QMix and EndoActivator on postoperative pain in mandibular molars with nonvital pulps: a randomized clinical trial
Abstract
Aim
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different irrigation solutions when used EndoActivator on postoperative pain.
Methodology
A total of 104 subjects with nonvital pulps were selected and randomly assigned to four experimental groups; (G) 1 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + conventional endodontic syringe, (G) 2 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + EndoActivator, (G) 3 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + QMix + conventional endodontic syringe, (G) 4 (n = 26) 2.5% NaOCl + QMix + EndoActivator. All the patients were prescribed ibuprofen 400 mg to be taken every 8 h in case of pain. The patients were asked to rate the severity of the postoperative pain on a visual analog scale (VAS) for 8th, 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours after the visit. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Chi-Square tests.
Results
G4 resulted in lesser postoperative pain levels on 8th, 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours than the G2, G3, and G1 did. There was no significant difference between G4 and G2 and between G3 and G1 in terms of the postoperative pain levels at any time interval (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
It was determined that the postoperative values of the groups, in which EA was used, were statistically significantly lower than in the other groups. The combined use of QMix and EA provided the most significant decrease in the postoperative pain values.
Clinical relevance
Successful management of postoperative pain is an important issue for the clinician. The combined use of Qmix and EA can be recommended to the clinicians.
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Gene expression signatures of circulating human type 1, 2 and 3 innate lymphoid cells
We explored gene expression profile of circulating helper-like innate lymphoid cells (ILC). In addition to identifying novel gene signatures, we discovered abnormal T cell receptor expression in ILC, suggesting a link between these cell types.
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The MALT1 locus and Peanut Avoidance in the Risk for Peanut Allergy
We identified a strong association between peanut allergy and the MALT1 locus in LEAP participants in the peanut avoidance group with 58.6% of carriers developing peanut allergy at 60 months as compared to 12.7% of non-carriers.
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Fevipiprant, a selective prostaglandin-D2 receptor-2 antagonist, inhibits human group-2 innate lymphoid cell aggregation and function
Fevipiprant is a potent inhibitor of PGD2-mediated ILC2 activation. The findings support further development as a therapeutic intervention for asthma.
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A Short Acting Beta-Agonist Reduction Program and Its Effects on Asthma Care in a Large Cohort
An asthma medication ratio (AMR) ≥0.5 is associated with decreased healthcare utilization improving patient-centered outcomes in persistent asthma. There is limited literature on outcomes after restricting short acting beta-agonist (SABA) refills. We hypothesized that a multidisciplinary SABA-Reduction Program (SABA-RP), which included limitations on refills, would significantly increase the percentage of patients fulfilling an AMR of ≥0.5, the number of asthma controller medications (CM) divided by the total of asthma medications (CM plus SABA).
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The MALT1 locus and Peanut Avoidance in the Risk for Peanut Allergy
We identified a strong association between peanut allergy and the MALT1 locus in LEAP participants in the peanut avoidance group with 58.6% of carriers developing peanut allergy at 60 months as compared to 12.7% of non-carriers.
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Fevipiprant, a selective prostaglandin-D2 receptor-2 antagonist, inhibits human group-2 innate lymphoid cell aggregation and function
Fevipiprant is a potent inhibitor of PGD2-mediated ILC2 activation. The findings support further development as a therapeutic intervention for asthma.
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A Short Acting Beta-Agonist Reduction Program and Its Effects on Asthma Care in a Large Cohort
An asthma medication ratio (AMR) ≥0.5 is associated with decreased healthcare utilization improving patient-centered outcomes in persistent asthma. There is limited literature on outcomes after restricting short acting beta-agonist (SABA) refills. We hypothesized that a multidisciplinary SABA-Reduction Program (SABA-RP), which included limitations on refills, would significantly increase the percentage of patients fulfilling an AMR of ≥0.5, the number of asthma controller medications (CM) divided by the total of asthma medications (CM plus SABA).
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Frequency of Cervical Spine Injuries in Pediatric Craniomaxillofacial Trauma
In pediatric craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma patients, evaluation for cervical spine injury (CSI) is critical, but there are no studies investigating CSI in this unique population. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency of CSI in pediatric CMF fracture population.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NzMeSZ
Frequency of Cervical Spine Injuries in Pediatric Craniomaxillofacial Trauma
In pediatric craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma patients, evaluation for cervical spine injury (CSI) is critical, but there are no studies investigating CSI in this unique population. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency of CSI in pediatric CMF fracture population.
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High‐resolution manometry and swallow outcomes after vocal fold injection medialization for unilateral vocal fold paralysis/paresis
Abstract
Background
Injection medialization is performed to improve glottic closure, thereby airway protection. Overall objective to determine if unilateral injection medialization changes glottal area with concomitant adjustments in penetration/aspiration scale (PAS) scores and pharyngeal high‐resolution manometry (HRM) parameters.
Methods
Enrolled 17 adults with unilateral vocal fold paralysis/paresis and aspiration/penetration. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and pharyngeal HRM completed at (1) baseline (within 1 week before injection), (2) postinjection (within 1 week post injection), and (3) 1‐month postinjection. Comparisons between time points for PAS scores, glottal area, pharyngeal pressure, and timing.
Results
No significant differences in normalized glottal area. No significant differences in PAS scores, for any consistency. Significantly increased rate of mesopharynx pressure rise and maximum pressure at 1 month postinjection (P = .01 and .02, respectively) compared to baseline. Significant decrease in mesopharynx integral from baseline to 1 week postoperative (P = .03).
Conclusion
Findings suggest unilateral vocal fold injection medialization had limited effect on swallow function.
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Venous thromboembolism in head and neck surgery: Risk, outcome, and burden at the national level
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High‐resolution manometry and swallow outcomes after vocal fold injection medialization for unilateral vocal fold paralysis/paresis
Abstract
Background
Injection medialization is performed to improve glottic closure, thereby airway protection. Overall objective to determine if unilateral injection medialization changes glottal area with concomitant adjustments in penetration/aspiration scale (PAS) scores and pharyngeal high‐resolution manometry (HRM) parameters.
Methods
Enrolled 17 adults with unilateral vocal fold paralysis/paresis and aspiration/penetration. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and pharyngeal HRM completed at (1) baseline (within 1 week before injection), (2) postinjection (within 1 week post injection), and (3) 1‐month postinjection. Comparisons between time points for PAS scores, glottal area, pharyngeal pressure, and timing.
Results
No significant differences in normalized glottal area. No significant differences in PAS scores, for any consistency. Significantly increased rate of mesopharynx pressure rise and maximum pressure at 1 month postinjection (P = .01 and .02, respectively) compared to baseline. Significant decrease in mesopharynx integral from baseline to 1 week postoperative (P = .03).
Conclusion
Findings suggest unilateral vocal fold injection medialization had limited effect on swallow function.
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BRAF V600E expression in ameloblastomas ‐ a 36 patient cohort from Helsinki University Hospital
Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to investigate BRAF V600E percentage immunohistochemically in ameloblastomas of a single institute cohort. We were interested if age, location, histological properties, or tumor recurrence depend on the BRAF status.
Subjects, Materials and Methods
We had 36 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded ameloblastoma tissue samples of patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital between the years 1983‐2016. Tissue sections underwent immunohistochemistry by Ventana BenchMark XT immunostainer using Ms Anti‐Braf V600E (VE1) MAB. We used R 3.4.2 and RSudio1.1.383 to conduct statistical analysis for BRAF positivity and earlier onset as well as tumor location. We used X² ‐tests and 2 by 2 table functions to determine connections between BRAF positivity and recurrence, growth pattern, and type.
Results
BRAF positive tumors occurred in younger patients compared to BRAF negative tumors (p = 0.015) and they located mostly to the mandible (p = <0.001). Growth patterns were limited to two in BRAF negative tumors when BRAF positive tumors presented with one to four growth patterns (p = 0.02). None of the maxillary tumor showed BRAF positivity and of these, 72.2% recurred.
Conclusions
An immunohistochemical BRAF marker could be a beneficial tool to predict the outcome of patients with this aggressive, easily recurring tumor.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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BRAF V600E expression in ameloblastomas ‐ a 36 patient cohort from Helsinki University Hospital
Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to investigate BRAF V600E percentage immunohistochemically in ameloblastomas of a single institute cohort. We were interested if age, location, histological properties, or tumor recurrence depend on the BRAF status.
Subjects, Materials and Methods
We had 36 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded ameloblastoma tissue samples of patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital between the years 1983‐2016. Tissue sections underwent immunohistochemistry by Ventana BenchMark XT immunostainer using Ms Anti‐Braf V600E (VE1) MAB. We used R 3.4.2 and RSudio1.1.383 to conduct statistical analysis for BRAF positivity and earlier onset as well as tumor location. We used X² ‐tests and 2 by 2 table functions to determine connections between BRAF positivity and recurrence, growth pattern, and type.
Results
BRAF positive tumors occurred in younger patients compared to BRAF negative tumors (p = 0.015) and they located mostly to the mandible (p = <0.001). Growth patterns were limited to two in BRAF negative tumors when BRAF positive tumors presented with one to four growth patterns (p = 0.02). None of the maxillary tumor showed BRAF positivity and of these, 72.2% recurred.
Conclusions
An immunohistochemical BRAF marker could be a beneficial tool to predict the outcome of patients with this aggressive, easily recurring tumor.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Expression of trophic factors receptors during reinnervation after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
Objective
An injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) triggers axonal regeneration but results in a poor functional recovery. Netrin‐1 and glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression are up‐regulated in laryngeal muscles during RLN regeneration, but the role of their receptors produced in the nucleus ambiguus is unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the timing of the production of Netrin‐1 and GDNF receptors during RLN regeneration and correlate this with the previously identified timing of up‐regulation of their trophic factors in the laryngeal muscles.
Study Design
Laboratory experiment with rat model.
Methods
The right RLN was transected and dextran amine tracer applied. At 7, 14, and 21 days postinjury (DPI), brainstems were removed and harvested. Immunostaining was performed for Netrin‐1 (deleted in colorectal carcinoma [DCC], UNC5A) and GDNF receptors (rearranged during transfection [Ret], glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked cell surface receptors [GFRα1, GFRα2, GFRα3]). The timing and type of receptor production relative to injury as well as their position in the nucleus ambiguus was analyzed.
Results
Netrin‐1 UNC5A receptors were minimal in the nucleus ambiguus during RLN regeneration. DCC, the receptor that plays an attract role, was immunopositive from 7 to 21 DPI. All GDNF receptors, except GFRα2, were clearly positive from 7 to 14 DPI. No differences of production were observed according to the position of the motor neurons in the nucleus ambiguus.
Conclusion
An injury of the RLN leads to a higher production of Netrin‐1 DCC and GDNF receptors in the nucleus ambiguus. The timing of receptor production is similar to up‐regulation of their trophic factors in the laryngeal muscles.
Level of Evidence
NA. Laryngoscope, 2019
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Injection of bevacizumab and cyanoacrylate glue for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Objectives/Hypothesis
The objective of this study was to report for the first time on the results of submucosal injections of bevacizumab used in conjunction with cyanoacrylate glue sclerotherapy in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).
Study Design
Retrospective analytic chart review.
Methods
We performed a chart review that included all patients with HHT treated with intranasal bevacizumab and cyanoacrylate glue for refractory epistaxis at Lariboisiere University Hospital from 2013 with a minimum follow‐up of 6 months. We injected 100 mg (25 mg/mL) of bevacizumab diluted in 2 mL of serum at the base of the telangiectasias, and sclerotherapy with an injection of cyanoacrylate glue was used adjunctively. Treatment efficacy was based on changes in Epistaxis Severity Scores (ESS) and the Bergler‐Sadick Scale. Quality of life and patient satisfaction were evaluated using the Cantril Self‐Anchoring Ladder (CL) and Likert scale, respectively.
Results
Thirty‐one patients were included, with a mean follow‐up of 26.6 months. The average ESS score significantly decreased from 7.82 to 3.89 (P < .05). The Bergler‐Sadick score significantly improved (P < .05) following the treatment, including the frequency (from 2.74 to 1.64) and the quantity (from 2.54 to 1.51) scales. Quality of life was significantly improved (P < .05) using the CL score (from 4.16 to 7.22). The Likert satisfaction scale related to the treatment efficacy was high, with an average of 7.03 out of 10. No complications were noted.
Conclusions
Submucosal injections of bevacizumab in conjunction with cyanoacrylate glue sclerotherapy significantly reduced epistaxis and improved the quality of life in HHT. Prospective comparative studies are needed to further evaluate the significance of this treatment modality.
Level of Evidence
3b Laryngoscope, 2019
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Expression of trophic factors receptors during reinnervation after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
Objective
An injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) triggers axonal regeneration but results in a poor functional recovery. Netrin‐1 and glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression are up‐regulated in laryngeal muscles during RLN regeneration, but the role of their receptors produced in the nucleus ambiguus is unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the timing of the production of Netrin‐1 and GDNF receptors during RLN regeneration and correlate this with the previously identified timing of up‐regulation of their trophic factors in the laryngeal muscles.
Study Design
Laboratory experiment with rat model.
Methods
The right RLN was transected and dextran amine tracer applied. At 7, 14, and 21 days postinjury (DPI), brainstems were removed and harvested. Immunostaining was performed for Netrin‐1 (deleted in colorectal carcinoma [DCC], UNC5A) and GDNF receptors (rearranged during transfection [Ret], glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked cell surface receptors [GFRα1, GFRα2, GFRα3]). The timing and type of receptor production relative to injury as well as their position in the nucleus ambiguus was analyzed.
Results
Netrin‐1 UNC5A receptors were minimal in the nucleus ambiguus during RLN regeneration. DCC, the receptor that plays an attract role, was immunopositive from 7 to 21 DPI. All GDNF receptors, except GFRα2, were clearly positive from 7 to 14 DPI. No differences of production were observed according to the position of the motor neurons in the nucleus ambiguus.
Conclusion
An injury of the RLN leads to a higher production of Netrin‐1 DCC and GDNF receptors in the nucleus ambiguus. The timing of receptor production is similar to up‐regulation of their trophic factors in the laryngeal muscles.
Level of Evidence
NA. Laryngoscope, 2019
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Injection of bevacizumab and cyanoacrylate glue for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Objectives/Hypothesis
The objective of this study was to report for the first time on the results of submucosal injections of bevacizumab used in conjunction with cyanoacrylate glue sclerotherapy in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).
Study Design
Retrospective analytic chart review.
Methods
We performed a chart review that included all patients with HHT treated with intranasal bevacizumab and cyanoacrylate glue for refractory epistaxis at Lariboisiere University Hospital from 2013 with a minimum follow‐up of 6 months. We injected 100 mg (25 mg/mL) of bevacizumab diluted in 2 mL of serum at the base of the telangiectasias, and sclerotherapy with an injection of cyanoacrylate glue was used adjunctively. Treatment efficacy was based on changes in Epistaxis Severity Scores (ESS) and the Bergler‐Sadick Scale. Quality of life and patient satisfaction were evaluated using the Cantril Self‐Anchoring Ladder (CL) and Likert scale, respectively.
Results
Thirty‐one patients were included, with a mean follow‐up of 26.6 months. The average ESS score significantly decreased from 7.82 to 3.89 (P < .05). The Bergler‐Sadick score significantly improved (P < .05) following the treatment, including the frequency (from 2.74 to 1.64) and the quantity (from 2.54 to 1.51) scales. Quality of life was significantly improved (P < .05) using the CL score (from 4.16 to 7.22). The Likert satisfaction scale related to the treatment efficacy was high, with an average of 7.03 out of 10. No complications were noted.
Conclusions
Submucosal injections of bevacizumab in conjunction with cyanoacrylate glue sclerotherapy significantly reduced epistaxis and improved the quality of life in HHT. Prospective comparative studies are needed to further evaluate the significance of this treatment modality.
Level of Evidence
3b Laryngoscope, 2019
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A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
Abstract
Cochlear implant (CI) biomechanical constraints result in impoverished spectral cues and poor frequency resolution, making it difficult for users to perceive pitch and timbre. There is emerging evidence that music training may improve CI-mediated music perception; however, much of the existing studies involve time-intensive and less readily accessible in-person music training paradigms, without rigorous experimental control paradigms. Online resources for auditory rehabilitation remain an untapped potential resource for CI users. Furthermore, establishing immediate value from an acute music training program may encourage CI users to adhere to post-implantation rehabilitation exercises. In this study, we evaluated the impact of an acute online music training program on pitch discrimination and timbre identification. Via a randomized controlled crossover study design, 20 CI users and 21 normal hearing (NH) adults were assigned to one of two arms. Arm-A underwent 1 month of online self-paced music training (intervention) followed by 1 month of audiobook listening (control). Arm-B underwent 1 month of audiobook listening followed by 1 month of music training. Pitch and timbre sensitivity scores were taken across three visits: (1) baseline, (2) after 1 month of intervention, and (3) after 1 month of control. We found that performance improved in pitch discrimination among CI users and NH listeners, with both online music training and audiobook listening. Music training, however, provided slightly greater benefit for instrument identification than audiobook listening. For both tasks, this improvement appears to be related to both fast stimulus learning as well as procedural learning. In conclusion, auditory training (with either acute participation in an online music training program or audiobook listening) may improve performance on untrained tasks of pitch discrimination and timbre identification. These findings demonstrate a potential role for music training in perceptual auditory appraisal of complex stimuli. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance and the need for more tightly controlled training studies in order to accurately evaluate the impact of rehabilitation training protocols on auditory processing.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BU0VMa
A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
Abstract
Cochlear implant (CI) biomechanical constraints result in impoverished spectral cues and poor frequency resolution, making it difficult for users to perceive pitch and timbre. There is emerging evidence that music training may improve CI-mediated music perception; however, much of the existing studies involve time-intensive and less readily accessible in-person music training paradigms, without rigorous experimental control paradigms. Online resources for auditory rehabilitation remain an untapped potential resource for CI users. Furthermore, establishing immediate value from an acute music training program may encourage CI users to adhere to post-implantation rehabilitation exercises. In this study, we evaluated the impact of an acute online music training program on pitch discrimination and timbre identification. Via a randomized controlled crossover study design, 20 CI users and 21 normal hearing (NH) adults were assigned to one of two arms. Arm-A underwent 1 month of online self-paced music training (intervention) followed by 1 month of audiobook listening (control). Arm-B underwent 1 month of audiobook listening followed by 1 month of music training. Pitch and timbre sensitivity scores were taken across three visits: (1) baseline, (2) after 1 month of intervention, and (3) after 1 month of control. We found that performance improved in pitch discrimination among CI users and NH listeners, with both online music training and audiobook listening. Music training, however, provided slightly greater benefit for instrument identification than audiobook listening. For both tasks, this improvement appears to be related to both fast stimulus learning as well as procedural learning. In conclusion, auditory training (with either acute participation in an online music training program or audiobook listening) may improve performance on untrained tasks of pitch discrimination and timbre identification. These findings demonstrate a potential role for music training in perceptual auditory appraisal of complex stimuli. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance and the need for more tightly controlled training studies in order to accurately evaluate the impact of rehabilitation training protocols on auditory processing.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BU0VMa