Xenotransplantation tolerance: applications for recent advances in modified swine.

Authors: Llore NP, Bruestle KA, Griesemer A Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this study was to review the recent progress in xenotransplantation achieved through genetic engineering and discuss the potential of tolerance induction to overcome remaining barriers to extended xenograft survival. RECENT FINDINGS: The success of life-saving allotransplantation has created a demand for organ transplantation that cannot be met by the supply of human organs. Xenotransplantation is one possible solution that would allow for a nearly unlimited supply of organs. Recent genetic engineering of swine has decreased the reactivity of preformed antibodies to some, but not all, potential human recipients. Experiments using genetically modified swine organs have now resulted in survival of ...

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Xenotransplantation tolerance: applications for recent advances in modified swine.

Authors: Llore NP, Bruestle KA, Griesemer A Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this study was to review the recent progress in xenotransplantation achieved through genetic engineering and discuss the potential of tolerance induction to overcome remaining barriers to extended xenograft survival. RECENT FINDINGS: The success of life-saving allotransplantation has created a demand for organ transplantation that cannot be met by the supply of human organs. Xenotransplantation is one possible solution that would allow for a nearly unlimited supply of organs. Recent genetic engineering of swine has decreased the reactivity of preformed antibodies to some, but not all, potential human recipients. Experiments using genetically modified swine organs have now resulted in survival of ...

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Osteoprotegerin and 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in patients with diabetic foot.

CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of OPG in patients with diabetic foot may display the severity of the clinical status due to its positive correlation with CRP and creatinine. We detected severe 25(OH)D deficiency in the majority of diabetic foot patients. Vitamin D supplementation may be required in diabetic foot patients to prevent unfavorable immunologic alterations. PMID: 30376802 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eklem Hastaliklari ve Cerrahisi)

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Osteoprotegerin and 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in patients with diabetic foot.

CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of OPG in patients with diabetic foot may display the severity of the clinical status due to its positive correlation with CRP and creatinine. We detected severe 25(OH)D deficiency in the majority of diabetic foot patients. Vitamin D supplementation may be required in diabetic foot patients to prevent unfavorable immunologic alterations. PMID: 30376802 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eklem Hastaliklari ve Cerrahisi)

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October 2018 Briefing - Allergy

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Allergy for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)

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October 2018 Briefing - Allergy

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Allergy for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)

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October 2018 Briefing - Allergy

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Allergy for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)

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October 2018 Briefing - Allergy

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Allergy for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)

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Tuberous sclerosis complex–mediated mTORC1 overactivation promotes age-related hearing loss

The underlying molecular mechanisms of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in humans and many strains of mice have not been fully characterized. This common age-related disorder is assumed to be closely associated with oxidative stress. Here, we demonstrate that mTORC1 signaling is highly and specifically activated in the cochlear neurosensory epithelium (NSE) in aging mice, and rapamycin injection prevents ARHL. To further examine the specific role of mTORC1 signaling in ARHL, we generated murine models with NSE-specific deletions of Raptor or Tsc1, regulators of mTORC1 signaling. Raptor-cKO mice developed hearing loss considerably more slowly than WT littermates. Conversely, Tsc1 loss led to the early-onset death of cochlear hair cells and consequently accelerated hearing loss. Tsc1-cKO coch...

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Application of 3D T1 Black-Blood Imaging in the Diagnosis of Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: Potential Pitfall of Slow-Flowing Blood [LETTERS]

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Reply: [LETTERS]

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Pipeline Diameter Significantly Impacts the Long-Term Fate of Jailed Side Branches during Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms [INTERVENTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Although covered side branches typically remain patent acutely following Pipeline Embolization Device embolization of intracranial aneurysms, the long-term fate of these vessels remains uncertain. We therefore elected to investigate factors that may influence the long-term patency of these covered side branches.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We retrospectively evaluated the long-term patency of side branches covered by the Pipeline Embolization Device at our institution during treatment of intracranial aneurysms with at least 6 months of conventional angiography follow-up. Procedural and anatomic factors that might influence the fate of covered side branches were explored.

RESULTS:

One hundred forty-eight Pipeline Embolization Device treatments in 137 patients met the inclusion criteria. In 217 covered side branches, 29 (13.4%) were occluded on follow-up, and 40 (18.4%) were stenotic. All stenoses and occlusions were asymptomatic. In the entire cohort and in the largest subset of ophthalmic arteries, a smaller Pipeline Embolization Device diameter was associated with branch vessel occlusion (P = .001, P = .013). When we considered stenotic and occluded side branches together, smaller Pipeline Embolization Device size (P = .029) and administration of intraprocedural abciximab (P = .03) predicted side branch stenosis/occlusion, while anterior choroidal branch type (P = .003) was a predictor of gross side branch patency.

CONCLUSIONS:

A smaller Pipeline Embolization Device diameter is associated with delayed side branch stenosis/occlusion following Pipeline Embolization Device treatment, likely due to the higher metal density of smaller caliber devices. Although hemodynamic factors, including the potential for collateral flow, are still paramount in determining the fate of covered side branches, the amount of metal coverage at the side branch orifice also plays an important role.

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Diffusional Kurtosis along the Corticospinal Tract in Adult Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus [FUNCTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus is a reversible form of dementia characterized by enlarged ventricles, which can deform and cause disruptions to adjacent white matter fibers. The purpose of this work was to examine how diffusion and kurtosis parameters vary along the corticospinal tract and determine where along this path microstructure is compromised in patients diagnosed with normal pressure hydrocephalus. We hypothesized that disruption of the corticospinal tract from ventricular enlargement can be measured using diffusion MR imaging and this will be quantified in periventricular regions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We developed a method to analyze diffusion parameters at discrete points along neural tracts. We then used diffusion MR imaging data from patients with Alzheimer disease and healthy controls to compare whether diffusion along the corticospinal tract differs from that of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.

RESULTS:

We found that diffusion parameters can differentiate patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus from those with Alzheimer disease and healthy controls: Axial diffusion, axial kurtosis, and the axonal water fraction were found to differ significantly across groups (P < .05) in an area located close to the superior internal capsule and corona radiata but below the cortex.

CONCLUSIONS:

A lower axonal water fraction indicates a lower axonal density in the corticospinal tract, which may indicate permanent damage. Lower axial kurtosis may imply that axons are being more aligned due to compression.

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Gadolinium and Multiple Sclerosis: Vessels, Barriers of the Brain, and Glymphatics [ADULT BRAIN]

SUMMARY:

The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is characterized by a cascade of pathobiologic events, ranging from focal lymphocytic infiltration and microglia activation to demyelination and axonal degeneration. MS has several of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune disorder, including breakdown of the BBB. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging is currently the reference standard to detect active inflammatory lesions in MS. Knowledge of the patterns and mechanisms of contrast enhancement is vital to limit the radiologic differential diagnosis in the staging and evaluation of MS lesion activity. The aim of this review was the following: 1) to outline the pathophysiology of the effect of lymphocyte-driven inflammation in MS, 2) to describe the effects of gadolinium on the BBB and glymphatic system, and 3) to describe gadolinium enhancement patterns and artifacts that can mimic lesions in MS.

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MR Imaging for Differentiating Contrast Staining from Hemorrhagic Transformation after Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Phantom and Patient Study [ADULT BRAIN]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Early differentiation of contrast staining from hemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute ischemic stroke who have undergone endovascular treatment is critical in preventing the delayed administration of antiplatelet agents. We aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of an immediate postinterventional DWI protocol including B₀ and gradient recalled-echo sequences to discriminate those 2 conditions through phantom and preliminary retrospective patient studies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

On 3T MR imaging, the signal intensities of the phantom models consisting of iodinated contrast agents diluted with normal saline and arterial blood were compared using T1WI, T2WI, and gradient recalled-echo sequences. A total 17 patients (8 with hemorrhagic transformation and 9 with contrast staining; 8 men and 9 women; mean age, 72.00 ± 10.91 years; range, 52–90 years) who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke and showed newly appearing hyperdense lesions on immediate (<24 hours) postinterventional nonenhanced CT scans were included in this study. Immediate postinterventional DWI of patients were compared.

RESULTS:

In the phantom study, iodinated contrast agents diluted with normal saline showed minimal signal drop, while those diluted with arterial blood demonstrated dark signal intensity in the T2WI and gradient recalled-echo sequences. In the patient study, all hemorrhagic transformations and none of the contrast staining demonstrated dark or low signal (<gray matter) intensities similar to those of the vessel in the B₀-DWI and gradient recalled-echo images.

CONCLUSIONS:

According to our preliminary results, contrast staining might be differentiated from hemorrhagic transformation using an immediate postinterventional DWI protocol including gradient recalled-echo sequences. It might be possible to expedite establishment of postinterventional medical treatment strategy.

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The Unwound Cochlea: A Specific Imaging Marker of Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome [HEAD & NECK]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Branchio-oto-renal syndrome is an important syndromic cause of hearing loss. Our aim was to determine the test characteristics of the unwound cochlea on temporal bone CT for the diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome in a cohort of children with hearing loss.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients were identified retrospectively with a clinical diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome and CT imaging of the temporal bones. Age-matched controls were also identified with sensorineural hearing loss not related to a diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome and CT imaging of the temporal bones. All examinations were reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists blinded to the diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome versus controls for the absence/presence of an unwound cochlea defined as anteromedial rotation and displacement of the middle and apical turns away from the basal turn.

RESULTS:

The final study group comprised 9 patients with branchio-oto-renal syndrome (age range, 1–14 years; mean age, 8.0 ± 4.3 years) and 50 control patients (age range, 1–16 years; mean age, 7.9 ± 4.1 years). The cochlea was subjectively abnormal in all 9 patients. In 8 patients (89%), imaging demonstrated a typical unwound cochlear morphology. By contrast, none of the control subjects demonstrated an unwound cochlea on either side. Statistically, the unwound cochlea was significantly more frequent in the branchio-oto-renal group compared with controls (P < .001). The unwound cochlea was 89% sensitive and 100% specific for the diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS:

The unwound cochlea is a specific imaging marker of branchio-oto-renal syndrome. These findings further support the diagnostic accuracy and therefore the utility of temporal bone imaging in the diagnosis of this disorder.

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Cannulation of Occluded Inferior Petrosal Sinuses for the Transvenous Embolization of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Usefulness of a Frontier-Wire Probing Technique [INTERVENTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Pursuing an alternative access route for transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas can be challenging in patients with an occluded inferior petrosal sinus. We found that cannulation of even a completely occluded inferior petrosal sinus is feasible, especially when using a standard hydrophilic-polymer-jacketed 0.035-inch guidewire as a frontier-wire for probing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

From 2002 to 2017, the frontier-wire technique was tried in 52 patients with occluded inferior petrosal sinuses for transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas at our center. Technical success was defined as access into the affected cavernous sinus compartment with a microcatheter through the occluded inferior petrosal sinus and deployment of at least 1 coil. The complications and treatment outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS:

The frontier-wire technique was applied in 52 patients with 57 occluded inferior petrosal sinuses (52 ipsilateral and 5 contralateral inferior petrosal sinuses). Technical success rates were 80.8% (42/52) of patients and 73.7% (42/57) of inferior petrosal sinuses. Alternative transvenous routes were used in 3 patients, and transarterial access was used in 7 patients. Complete embolization of fistulas was achieved in 82.2% (37/45) of patients in the transvenous embolization group and in 14.3% (1/7) of patients in the transarterial group. No procedure-related morbidity or mortality was observed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas, even through a completely occluded inferior petrosal sinus, is feasible. The difficulty of passing the microcatheter can be minimized by prior probing of the occluded inferior petrosal sinus using a standard 0.035-inch guidewire; the trace of the guidewire on the roadmap image serves as a guide for microcatheter navigation through the inferior petrosal sinus on fluoroscopy.

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Critical Assessment of Myelography Practices: A Call for Rational Guideline Revision [PATIENT SAFETY]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Patient preparation for myelography and postprocedural monitoring varies widely between practices, despite published guidelines. Our aim was to examine the current practice variations in discontinuing reportedly seizure threshold–lowering medications before myelography and to assess the reported incidence of postmyelographic seizures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

An e-mail survey was sent to American Society of Neuroradiology members concerning the number of postmyelographic seizures experienced in the past 5 years, the presence of an institutional policy for discontinuing seizure threshold–lowering medications, and the type of myelographic contrast used. We compared the postmyelographic seizure frequency in the responses.

RESULTS:

Of 700 survey responses, 57% reported that they do not discontinue seizure threshold–lowering medications before myelography. Most (97%) indicated never having a patient experience a seizure following myelography. The number of postmyelographic seizures between those who discontinue seizure threshold–lowering medications and those who do not was not statistically significant (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 0.91–4.98; P = .08). Most (95%) reported using nonionic hypo-osmolar agents.

CONCLUSIONS:

Survey results revealed widely variable practices for patient myelography preparation and postprocedural monitoring. We found no difference in reported seizures between those who discontinued seizure threshold–lowering medications and those who did not. In light of our findings, we propose that discontinuing reportedly seizure threshold–lowering medications is not warranted with the current nonionic water-soluble contrast agents and may be potentially harmful in some instances. This work supports revision of existing recommendations to withhold such medications before myelography.

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Interaction of Developmental Venous Anomalies with Resting-State Functional MRI Measures [FUNCTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Functional MR imaging of the brain, used for both clinical and neuroscientific applications, relies on measuring fluctuations in blood oxygenation. Such measurements are susceptible to noise of vascular origin. The purpose of this study was to assess whether developmental venous anomalies, which are frequently observed normal variants, can bias fMRI measures by appearing as true neural signal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Large developmental venous anomalies (1 in each of 14 participants) were identified from a large neuroimaging cohort (n = 814). Resting-state fMRI data were decomposed using independent component analysis, a data-driven technique that creates distinct component maps representing aspects of either structured noise or true neural activity. We searched all independent components for maps that exhibited a spatial distribution of their signals following the topography of developmental venous anomalies.

RESULTS:

Of the 14 developmental venous anomalies identified, 10 were clearly present in 17 fMRI independent components in total. While 9 (52.9%) of these 17 independent components were dominated by venous contributions and 2 (11.8%) by motion artifacts, 2 independent components (11.8%) showed partial neural signal contributions and 5 independent components (29.4%) unambiguously exhibited typical neural signal patterns.

CONCLUSIONS:

Developmental venous anomalies can strongly resemble neural signal as measured by fMRI. They are thus a potential source of bias in fMRI analyses, especially when present in the cortex. This could impede interpretation of local activity in patients, such as in presurgical mapping. In scientific studies with large samples, developmental venous anomaly confounds could be mainly addressed using independent component analysis–based denoising.

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Tuberous sclerosis complex–mediated mTORC1 overactivation promotes age-related hearing loss

The underlying molecular mechanisms of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in humans and many strains of mice have not been fully characterized. This common age-related disorder is assumed to be closely associated with oxidative stress. Here, we demonstrate that mTORC1 signaling is highly and specifically activated in the cochlear neurosensory epithelium (NSE) in aging mice, and rapamycin injection prevents ARHL. To further examine the specific role of mTORC1 signaling in ARHL, we generated murine models with NSE-specific deletions of Raptor or Tsc1, regulators of mTORC1 signaling. Raptor-cKO mice developed hearing loss considerably more slowly than WT littermates. Conversely, Tsc1 loss led to the early-onset death of cochlear hair cells and consequently accelerated hearing loss. Tsc1-cKO coch...

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Reply: [LETTERS]

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Pipeline Diameter Significantly Impacts the Long-Term Fate of Jailed Side Branches during Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms [INTERVENTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Although covered side branches typically remain patent acutely following Pipeline Embolization Device embolization of intracranial aneurysms, the long-term fate of these vessels remains uncertain. We therefore elected to investigate factors that may influence the long-term patency of these covered side branches.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We retrospectively evaluated the long-term patency of side branches covered by the Pipeline Embolization Device at our institution during treatment of intracranial aneurysms with at least 6 months of conventional angiography follow-up. Procedural and anatomic factors that might influence the fate of covered side branches were explored.

RESULTS:

One hundred forty-eight Pipeline Embolization Device treatments in 137 patients met the inclusion criteria. In 217 covered side branches, 29 (13.4%) were occluded on follow-up, and 40 (18.4%) were stenotic. All stenoses and occlusions were asymptomatic. In the entire cohort and in the largest subset of ophthalmic arteries, a smaller Pipeline Embolization Device diameter was associated with branch vessel occlusion (P = .001, P = .013). When we considered stenotic and occluded side branches together, smaller Pipeline Embolization Device size (P = .029) and administration of intraprocedural abciximab (P = .03) predicted side branch stenosis/occlusion, while anterior choroidal branch type (P = .003) was a predictor of gross side branch patency.

CONCLUSIONS:

A smaller Pipeline Embolization Device diameter is associated with delayed side branch stenosis/occlusion following Pipeline Embolization Device treatment, likely due to the higher metal density of smaller caliber devices. Although hemodynamic factors, including the potential for collateral flow, are still paramount in determining the fate of covered side branches, the amount of metal coverage at the side branch orifice also plays an important role.

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Diffusional Kurtosis along the Corticospinal Tract in Adult Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus [FUNCTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus is a reversible form of dementia characterized by enlarged ventricles, which can deform and cause disruptions to adjacent white matter fibers. The purpose of this work was to examine how diffusion and kurtosis parameters vary along the corticospinal tract and determine where along this path microstructure is compromised in patients diagnosed with normal pressure hydrocephalus. We hypothesized that disruption of the corticospinal tract from ventricular enlargement can be measured using diffusion MR imaging and this will be quantified in periventricular regions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We developed a method to analyze diffusion parameters at discrete points along neural tracts. We then used diffusion MR imaging data from patients with Alzheimer disease and healthy controls to compare whether diffusion along the corticospinal tract differs from that of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.

RESULTS:

We found that diffusion parameters can differentiate patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus from those with Alzheimer disease and healthy controls: Axial diffusion, axial kurtosis, and the axonal water fraction were found to differ significantly across groups (P < .05) in an area located close to the superior internal capsule and corona radiata but below the cortex.

CONCLUSIONS:

A lower axonal water fraction indicates a lower axonal density in the corticospinal tract, which may indicate permanent damage. Lower axial kurtosis may imply that axons are being more aligned due to compression.

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Gadolinium and Multiple Sclerosis: Vessels, Barriers of the Brain, and Glymphatics [ADULT BRAIN]

SUMMARY:

The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is characterized by a cascade of pathobiologic events, ranging from focal lymphocytic infiltration and microglia activation to demyelination and axonal degeneration. MS has several of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune disorder, including breakdown of the BBB. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging is currently the reference standard to detect active inflammatory lesions in MS. Knowledge of the patterns and mechanisms of contrast enhancement is vital to limit the radiologic differential diagnosis in the staging and evaluation of MS lesion activity. The aim of this review was the following: 1) to outline the pathophysiology of the effect of lymphocyte-driven inflammation in MS, 2) to describe the effects of gadolinium on the BBB and glymphatic system, and 3) to describe gadolinium enhancement patterns and artifacts that can mimic lesions in MS.

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MR Imaging for Differentiating Contrast Staining from Hemorrhagic Transformation after Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Phantom and Patient Study [ADULT BRAIN]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Early differentiation of contrast staining from hemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute ischemic stroke who have undergone endovascular treatment is critical in preventing the delayed administration of antiplatelet agents. We aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of an immediate postinterventional DWI protocol including B₀ and gradient recalled-echo sequences to discriminate those 2 conditions through phantom and preliminary retrospective patient studies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

On 3T MR imaging, the signal intensities of the phantom models consisting of iodinated contrast agents diluted with normal saline and arterial blood were compared using T1WI, T2WI, and gradient recalled-echo sequences. A total 17 patients (8 with hemorrhagic transformation and 9 with contrast staining; 8 men and 9 women; mean age, 72.00 ± 10.91 years; range, 52–90 years) who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke and showed newly appearing hyperdense lesions on immediate (<24 hours) postinterventional nonenhanced CT scans were included in this study. Immediate postinterventional DWI of patients were compared.

RESULTS:

In the phantom study, iodinated contrast agents diluted with normal saline showed minimal signal drop, while those diluted with arterial blood demonstrated dark signal intensity in the T2WI and gradient recalled-echo sequences. In the patient study, all hemorrhagic transformations and none of the contrast staining demonstrated dark or low signal (<gray matter) intensities similar to those of the vessel in the B₀-DWI and gradient recalled-echo images.

CONCLUSIONS:

According to our preliminary results, contrast staining might be differentiated from hemorrhagic transformation using an immediate postinterventional DWI protocol including gradient recalled-echo sequences. It might be possible to expedite establishment of postinterventional medical treatment strategy.

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The Unwound Cochlea: A Specific Imaging Marker of Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome [HEAD & NECK]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Branchio-oto-renal syndrome is an important syndromic cause of hearing loss. Our aim was to determine the test characteristics of the unwound cochlea on temporal bone CT for the diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome in a cohort of children with hearing loss.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients were identified retrospectively with a clinical diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome and CT imaging of the temporal bones. Age-matched controls were also identified with sensorineural hearing loss not related to a diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome and CT imaging of the temporal bones. All examinations were reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists blinded to the diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome versus controls for the absence/presence of an unwound cochlea defined as anteromedial rotation and displacement of the middle and apical turns away from the basal turn.

RESULTS:

The final study group comprised 9 patients with branchio-oto-renal syndrome (age range, 1–14 years; mean age, 8.0 ± 4.3 years) and 50 control patients (age range, 1–16 years; mean age, 7.9 ± 4.1 years). The cochlea was subjectively abnormal in all 9 patients. In 8 patients (89%), imaging demonstrated a typical unwound cochlear morphology. By contrast, none of the control subjects demonstrated an unwound cochlea on either side. Statistically, the unwound cochlea was significantly more frequent in the branchio-oto-renal group compared with controls (P < .001). The unwound cochlea was 89% sensitive and 100% specific for the diagnosis of branchio-oto-renal syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS:

The unwound cochlea is a specific imaging marker of branchio-oto-renal syndrome. These findings further support the diagnostic accuracy and therefore the utility of temporal bone imaging in the diagnosis of this disorder.

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Cannulation of Occluded Inferior Petrosal Sinuses for the Transvenous Embolization of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Usefulness of a Frontier-Wire Probing Technique [INTERVENTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Pursuing an alternative access route for transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas can be challenging in patients with an occluded inferior petrosal sinus. We found that cannulation of even a completely occluded inferior petrosal sinus is feasible, especially when using a standard hydrophilic-polymer-jacketed 0.035-inch guidewire as a frontier-wire for probing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

From 2002 to 2017, the frontier-wire technique was tried in 52 patients with occluded inferior petrosal sinuses for transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas at our center. Technical success was defined as access into the affected cavernous sinus compartment with a microcatheter through the occluded inferior petrosal sinus and deployment of at least 1 coil. The complications and treatment outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS:

The frontier-wire technique was applied in 52 patients with 57 occluded inferior petrosal sinuses (52 ipsilateral and 5 contralateral inferior petrosal sinuses). Technical success rates were 80.8% (42/52) of patients and 73.7% (42/57) of inferior petrosal sinuses. Alternative transvenous routes were used in 3 patients, and transarterial access was used in 7 patients. Complete embolization of fistulas was achieved in 82.2% (37/45) of patients in the transvenous embolization group and in 14.3% (1/7) of patients in the transarterial group. No procedure-related morbidity or mortality was observed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas, even through a completely occluded inferior petrosal sinus, is feasible. The difficulty of passing the microcatheter can be minimized by prior probing of the occluded inferior petrosal sinus using a standard 0.035-inch guidewire; the trace of the guidewire on the roadmap image serves as a guide for microcatheter navigation through the inferior petrosal sinus on fluoroscopy.

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Shape Features of the Lesion Habitat to Differentiate Brain Tumor Progression from Pseudoprogression on Routine Multiparametric MRI: A Multisite Study [ADULT BRAIN]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Differentiating pseudoprogression, a radiation-induced treatment effect, from tumor progression on imaging is a substantial challenge in glioblastoma management. Unfortunately, guidelines set by the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria are based solely on bidirectional diametric measurements of enhancement observed on T1WI and T2WI/FLAIR scans. We hypothesized that quantitative 3D shape features of the enhancing lesion on T1WI, and T2WI/FLAIR hyperintensities (together called the lesion habitat) can more comprehensively capture pathophysiologic differences across pseudoprogression and tumor recurrence, not appreciable on diametric measurements alone.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 105 glioblastoma studies from 2 institutions were analyzed, consisting of a training (n = 59) and an independent test (n = 46) cohort. For every study, expert delineation of the lesion habitat (T1WI enhancing lesion and T2WI/FLAIR hyperintense perilesional region) was obtained, followed by extraction of 30 shape features capturing 14 "global" contour characteristics and 16 "local" curvature measures for every habitat region. Feature selection was used to identify most discriminative features on the training cohort, which were evaluated on the test cohort using a support vector machine classifier.

RESULTS:

The top 2 most discriminative features were identified as local features capturing total curvature of the enhancing lesion and curvedness of the T2WI/FLAIR hyperintense perilesional region. Using top features from the training cohort (training accuracy = 91.5%), we obtained an accuracy of 90.2% on the test set in distinguishing pseudoprogression from tumor progression.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our preliminary results suggest that 3D shape attributes from the lesion habitat can differentially express across pseudoprogression and tumor progression and could be used to distinguish these radiographically similar pathologies.

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Interaction of Developmental Venous Anomalies with Resting-State Functional MRI Measures [FUNCTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Functional MR imaging of the brain, used for both clinical and neuroscientific applications, relies on measuring fluctuations in blood oxygenation. Such measurements are susceptible to noise of vascular origin. The purpose of this study was to assess whether developmental venous anomalies, which are frequently observed normal variants, can bias fMRI measures by appearing as true neural signal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Large developmental venous anomalies (1 in each of 14 participants) were identified from a large neuroimaging cohort (n = 814). Resting-state fMRI data were decomposed using independent component analysis, a data-driven technique that creates distinct component maps representing aspects of either structured noise or true neural activity. We searched all independent components for maps that exhibited a spatial distribution of their signals following the topography of developmental venous anomalies.

RESULTS:

Of the 14 developmental venous anomalies identified, 10 were clearly present in 17 fMRI independent components in total. While 9 (52.9%) of these 17 independent components were dominated by venous contributions and 2 (11.8%) by motion artifacts, 2 independent components (11.8%) showed partial neural signal contributions and 5 independent components (29.4%) unambiguously exhibited typical neural signal patterns.

CONCLUSIONS:

Developmental venous anomalies can strongly resemble neural signal as measured by fMRI. They are thus a potential source of bias in fMRI analyses, especially when present in the cortex. This could impede interpretation of local activity in patients, such as in presurgical mapping. In scientific studies with large samples, developmental venous anomaly confounds could be mainly addressed using independent component analysis–based denoising.

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Immunogenomic analyses associate immunological alterations with mismatch repair defects in prostate cancer

(Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation)

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Universal protection against influenza infection by a multidomain antibody to influenza hemagglutinin

We report the use of diverse camelid single-domain antibodies to influenza virus hemagglutinin to generate multidomain antibodies with impressive breadth and potency. Multidomain antibody MD3606 protects mice against influenza A and B infection when administered intravenously or expressed locally from a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector. Crystal and single-particle electron microscopy structures of these antibodies with hemagglutinins from influenza A and B viruses reveal binding to highly conserved epitopes. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that multidomain antibodies targeting multiple epitopes exhibit enhanced virus cross-reactivity and potency. In combination with adeno-associated virus–mediated gene delivery, they may provide an effective strategy to prevent infect...

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Durable influenza protection

(Source: Science: Current Issue)

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Llama antibodies inspire gene spray to prevent all flus

(Source: Science: Current Issue)

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Immunogenomic analyses associate immunological alterations with mismatch repair defects in prostate cancer

(Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation)

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Universal protection against influenza infection by a multidomain antibody to influenza hemagglutinin

We report the use of diverse camelid single-domain antibodies to influenza virus hemagglutinin to generate multidomain antibodies with impressive breadth and potency. Multidomain antibody MD3606 protects mice against influenza A and B infection when administered intravenously or expressed locally from a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector. Crystal and single-particle electron microscopy structures of these antibodies with hemagglutinins from influenza A and B viruses reveal binding to highly conserved epitopes. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that multidomain antibodies targeting multiple epitopes exhibit enhanced virus cross-reactivity and potency. In combination with adeno-associated virus–mediated gene delivery, they may provide an effective strategy to prevent infect...

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Llama antibodies inspire gene spray to prevent all flus

(Source: Science: Current Issue)

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NSSLHA Offers Undergrad Scholarships

Sophomores and juniors in communication sciences and disorders programs have untilDec. 4 to submit applications for 10 National Student Speech Language Hearing Association (NSSLHA) scholarships. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Board of Ethics Decisions

The ASHA Board of Ethics has found the following speech-language pathologists in violation of the association 's Code of Ethics. The information below includes the version of the code violated, the rationale and the sanction, with its effective date. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Cognitive grammar learning strategies in the acquisition of tense-aspect morphology in L3 Catalan

. (Source: Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics)

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Can Brain Stimulation Improve Fluency? ASHFoundation-funded researcher investigates concurrent brain stimulation and speech-language treatment on adults who stutter.

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Apply by Dec. 4 for Spring Leadership Development Program

Applications for thespring 2019 Leadership Development Program, designed for ASHA-member audiologists and speech-language pathologists, are due by 3 p.m. (ET) on Dec. 4. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Volunteer as a CAA Site Visitor

Applications to volunteer as a site visitor for the Council on Academic Accreditation in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (CAA) are due by December 15. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Changes in SLP Certification Standards Coming in 2020

Newrequirements for the Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology (CCC-SLP) will take effect Jan. 1, 2020. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Understanding how time flies and what it means to be on cloud nine: English as an Additional Language (EAL) learners' metaphor comprehension.

Authors: Hessel AK, Murphy VA Abstract We explored the vocabulary and metaphor comprehension of learners of English as an additional language (EAL) in the first two years of UK primary school. EAL vocabulary knowledge is believed to be a crucial predictor of (reading) comprehension and educational attainment (Murphy, 2018). The vocabulary of five- to seven-year-old children with EAL was compared to that of English monolinguals (N = 80). Comprehension was assessed for both verbal (e.g., time flies) and nominal metaphors (be on cloud nine) of varying frequency. Results showed that children in year 2 (age six to seven years) had better comprehension than their younger (age five to six) peers, particularly for low-frequency metaphors. Children with EAL had weaker metaphor comprehension...

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Hyper IgE recurrent infection syndrome in South Asia: is there a different outcome?

Abstract

Background

Hyper IgE recurrent infection syndrome (HIES) is a rare immune deficiency, characterized by recurrent staphylococcal skin and lung abscesses, pneumonia and increased IgE levels. The majority of autosomal dominant HIES (AD HIGE) is due to hypomorphic mutations in the signal transducer and the activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene.

Case presentation

Five patients were diagnosed with HIES, based on the clinical criteria and scoring system developed at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA. The STAT3 gene was sequenced and previously described mutations were identified in all five patients. We compare the clinical features of our patients with those from Asia, Europe and the US.

Conclusion

Even though the number of patients is limited, there are some clinical differences in patients from South Asia compared to European and even East Asian patients. However, the mutations detected are located at hot spots seen in western and Asian patients with AD HIGE.

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NSSLHA Offers Undergrad Scholarships

Sophomores and juniors in communication sciences and disorders programs have untilDec. 4 to submit applications for 10 National Student Speech Language Hearing Association (NSSLHA) scholarships. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Board of Ethics Decisions

The ASHA Board of Ethics has found the following speech-language pathologists in violation of the association 's Code of Ethics. The information below includes the version of the code violated, the rationale and the sanction, with its effective date. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Cognitive grammar learning strategies in the acquisition of tense-aspect morphology in L3 Catalan

. (Source: Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics)

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ASHFoundation Recognizes State Clinical Achievement Awardees

Through the American Speech-Language-Hearing Foundation 's clinical achievement awards, state speech-language-hearing associations may honor one clinician from their respective states. The recipient of the ASHFoundation's Louis M. DiCarlo Award for Recent Clinical Achievement is chosen from among these state awardees. Ten states chose to participate in the 2018 program. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Can Brain Stimulation Improve Fluency? ASHFoundation-funded researcher investigates concurrent brain stimulation and speech-language treatment on adults who stutter.

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Apply by Dec. 4 for Spring Leadership Development Program

Applications for thespring 2019 Leadership Development Program, designed for ASHA-member audiologists and speech-language pathologists, are due by 3 p.m. (ET) on Dec. 4. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Volunteer as a CAA Site Visitor

Applications to volunteer as a site visitor for the Council on Academic Accreditation in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (CAA) are due by December 15. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Feeling the Way to Words: Parents ’ Speech and Touch Cues Highlight Word-To-World Mappings of Body Parts

. (Source: Language Learning and Development)

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Changes in SLP Certification Standards Coming in 2020

Newrequirements for the Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology (CCC-SLP) will take effect Jan. 1, 2020. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Understanding how time flies and what it means to be on cloud nine: English as an Additional Language (EAL) learners' metaphor comprehension.

Authors: Hessel AK, Murphy VA Abstract We explored the vocabulary and metaphor comprehension of learners of English as an additional language (EAL) in the first two years of UK primary school. EAL vocabulary knowledge is believed to be a crucial predictor of (reading) comprehension and educational attainment (Murphy, 2018). The vocabulary of five- to seven-year-old children with EAL was compared to that of English monolinguals (N = 80). Comprehension was assessed for both verbal (e.g., time flies) and nominal metaphors (be on cloud nine) of varying frequency. Results showed that children in year 2 (age six to seven years) had better comprehension than their younger (age five to six) peers, particularly for low-frequency metaphors. Children with EAL had weaker metaphor comprehension...

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[Entitlement to treatment with a cochlear implant].

[Entitlement to treatment with a cochlear implant]. HNO. 2018 Oct 29;: Authors: Wienke A Abstract PMID: 30374626 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: HNO)

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Lasting Ear Care in Malawi: Audiologist Courtney Caron spent four years in Africa creating a full-service hearing care clinic from the ground up.

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Apply by Dec. 4 for Spring Leadership Development Program

Applications for thespring 2019 Leadership Development Program, designed for ASHA-member audiologists and speech-language pathologists, are due by 3 p.m. (ET) on Dec. 4. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Blogjam: Blogging audiologists and SLPs share tips for hearing protection, planning for group lessons, selecting audio books and more.

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

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Volunteer as a CAA Site Visitor

Applications to volunteer as a site visitor for the Council on Academic Accreditation in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (CAA) are due by December 15. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Pitfalls of Evaluating Toddlers for Unilateral Hearing Loss: Given the difficulty of conducting complete hearing evaluations with young children, how can audiologists ensure an accurate, earlier diagnosis of hearing loss?

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Access Audiology Examines New Scope of Practice

Julie Honaker, a certified audiologist and chair of the ASHA Ad Hoc Committee on the Scope of Practice in Audiology,examines recent changes to the audiology scope of practice—as determined by the committee and accepted by the Board of Directors—in the November issue of ASHA Access Audiology. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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[Entitlement to treatment with a cochlear implant].

[Entitlement to treatment with a cochlear implant]. HNO. 2018 Oct 29;: Authors: Wienke A Abstract PMID: 30374626 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: HNO)

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Lasting Ear Care in Malawi: Audiologist Courtney Caron spent four years in Africa creating a full-service hearing care clinic from the ground up.

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Apply by Dec. 4 for Spring Leadership Development Program

Applications for thespring 2019 Leadership Development Program, designed for ASHA-member audiologists and speech-language pathologists, are due by 3 p.m. (ET) on Dec. 4. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Blogjam: Blogging audiologists and SLPs share tips for hearing protection, planning for group lessons, selecting audio books and more.

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

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Volunteer as a CAA Site Visitor

Applications to volunteer as a site visitor for the Council on Academic Accreditation in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (CAA) are due by December 15. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Pitfalls of Evaluating Toddlers for Unilateral Hearing Loss: Given the difficulty of conducting complete hearing evaluations with young children, how can audiologists ensure an accurate, earlier diagnosis of hearing loss?

(Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Access Audiology Examines New Scope of Practice

Julie Honaker, a certified audiologist and chair of the ASHA Ad Hoc Committee on the Scope of Practice in Audiology,examines recent changes to the audiology scope of practice—as determined by the committee and accepted by the Board of Directors—in the November issue of ASHA Access Audiology. (Source: The ASHA Leader Online)

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Alpha 1 antitrypsin distribution in an allergic asthmatic population sensitized to house dust mites

Abstract

Background and objective

Severe alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency has been clearly associated with pulmonary emphysema, but its relationship with bronchial asthma remains controversial. Some deficient alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT) genotypes seem to be associated with asthma development. The objective of this study was to analyze the distribution of AAT genotypes in asthmatic patients allergic to house dust mites (HDM), and to asses a possible association between these genotypes and severe asthma.

Methods

A cross-sectional cohort study of 648 patients with HDM allergic asthma was carried out. Demographic, clinical and analytical variables were collected. PI*S and PI*Z AAT deficient alleles of the SERPINA1 gene were assayed by real-time PCR.

Results

Asthma was intermittent in 253 patients and persistent in 395 patients (246 mild, 101 moderate and 48 severe). One hundred and forty-five asthmatic patients (22.4%) with at least one mutated allele (S or Z) were identified. No association between the different genotypes and asthma severity was found. No significant differences in all clinical and functional tests, as well as nasal eosinophils, IgA and IgE serum levels were observed. Peripheral eosinophils were significantly lower in patients with the PI*MS genotype (p = 0.0228). Neither association between deficient AAT genotypes or serum ATT deficiency (AATD) and development of severe asthma, or correlation between ATT levels and FEV1 was observed.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the distribution of AAT genotypes in HDM allergic asthmatic patients did not differ from those found in Spanish population. Neither severe ATTD or deficient AAT genotypes appear to confer different clinical expression of asthma.

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Risk prediction tool for use and predictors of duration of postoperative oxygen therapy in children undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a case-control study

Abstract

Background

We aimed to construct a prediction tool for postoperative oxygen therapy and determine predictors of duration of use among children undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

Methods

Data from this case-control study was obtained from a database of 9820 children aged < 15 years who underwent general anesthesia between January 2010 and December 2013 at a tertiary care hospital in southern Thailand. The primary outcomes were the use and duration (hours) of postoperative oxygen therapy (cases). Cases were matched with controls on age group and year of surgery in a ratio of 1:4. A negative binomial hurdle model was used to obtain significant predictors of any use and number of hours of oxygen therapy. A risk score was derived from the coefficients of the significant predictors. The risk score, adjusted odds ratio (OR) for any use and count ratio (CR) for duration of postoperative oxygen therapy and 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined.

Results

A total of 288 cases and 1152 controls were included. The median (inter-quartile range) duration of oxygen therapy delivered was 17 (9–22) hours. An optimal risk score for predictors of oxygen use was 12 (0–32) giving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93. Predictors of high risk need for oxygen therapy (score ≥ 12) were thoracic surgery (OR = 278, 95% CI = 44.6–1733) and having desaturation perioperatively (OR = 459.8, 95% CI = 169.7–1246). Intermediate risk factors (score 8–11) were having bronchospasm (OR = 92.4, 95% CI = 29.7–287.5) and upper airway obstruction/laryngospasm (OR = 61.5, 95% CI = 14.4–262.4) perioperatively. Significant predictors of duration of oxygen therapy were probably difficult airway (CR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4–3.5), history of delayed development (CR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.5–3.6), airway (CR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.6–5.8), orthopedic (CR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–4.3), thoracic (CR = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.3–10.1) and abdominal surgery (CR = 4.2, 95% CI = 2.1–8.1), compared to eye surgery.

Conclusions

Our risk prediction tool for the use of postoperative oxygen therapy provided a high predictive ability. Children who have thoracic surgery, desaturation, bronchospasm, upper airway obstruction or laryngospasm will most likely need postoperative oxygen therapy, regardless of other factors, while those with a probably difficult airway, history of delayed development, or thoracic/abdominal surgery will most likely need longer duration of oxygen therapy.

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Risk prediction tool for use and predictors of duration of postoperative oxygen therapy in children undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a case-control study

Abstract

Background

We aimed to construct a prediction tool for postoperative oxygen therapy and determine predictors of duration of use among children undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

Methods

Data from this case-control study was obtained from a database of 9820 children aged < 15 years who underwent general anesthesia between January 2010 and December 2013 at a tertiary care hospital in southern Thailand. The primary outcomes were the use and duration (hours) of postoperative oxygen therapy (cases). Cases were matched with controls on age group and year of surgery in a ratio of 1:4. A negative binomial hurdle model was used to obtain significant predictors of any use and number of hours of oxygen therapy. A risk score was derived from the coefficients of the significant predictors. The risk score, adjusted odds ratio (OR) for any use and count ratio (CR) for duration of postoperative oxygen therapy and 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined.

Results

A total of 288 cases and 1152 controls were included. The median (inter-quartile range) duration of oxygen therapy delivered was 17 (9–22) hours. An optimal risk score for predictors of oxygen use was 12 (0–32) giving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93. Predictors of high risk need for oxygen therapy (score ≥ 12) were thoracic surgery (OR = 278, 95% CI = 44.6–1733) and having desaturation perioperatively (OR = 459.8, 95% CI = 169.7–1246). Intermediate risk factors (score 8–11) were having bronchospasm (OR = 92.4, 95% CI = 29.7–287.5) and upper airway obstruction/laryngospasm (OR = 61.5, 95% CI = 14.4–262.4) perioperatively. Significant predictors of duration of oxygen therapy were probably difficult airway (CR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4–3.5), history of delayed development (CR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.5–3.6), airway (CR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.6–5.8), orthopedic (CR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–4.3), thoracic (CR = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.3–10.1) and abdominal surgery (CR = 4.2, 95% CI = 2.1–8.1), compared to eye surgery.

Conclusions

Our risk prediction tool for the use of postoperative oxygen therapy provided a high predictive ability. Children who have thoracic surgery, desaturation, bronchospasm, upper airway obstruction or laryngospasm will most likely need postoperative oxygen therapy, regardless of other factors, while those with a probably difficult airway, history of delayed development, or thoracic/abdominal surgery will most likely need longer duration of oxygen therapy.

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Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy

Healthy adults and children treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections don't need to be monitored for liver or blood abnormalities, researchers say.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy

Healthy adults and children treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections don't need to be monitored for liver or blood abnormalities, researchers say.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy

Healthy adults and children treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections don't need to be monitored for liver or blood abnormalities, researchers say.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy

Healthy adults and children treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections don't need to be monitored for liver or blood abnormalities, researchers say.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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Hydrophilic modification of sandblasted and acid-etched implants improves stability during early healing: a human double-blind randomized controlled trial

(Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Experimental peri-implant mucositis around titanium and zirconia implants in comparison to a natural tooth: part 2 —clinical and microbiological parameters

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and microbiological parameters around dental zirconia and titanium implants compared with natural teeth during experimental plaque accumulation. Clinical parameters were evaluated (gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth). Microbiological samples were analyzed for total bacterial cell counts, as well as Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia counts. A statistically significant difference over time was observed in the groups in terms of the gingival index (P (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DhYyVI

Immunology Interest Group

Air date: 10/24/2018 4:15:00 PM (Source: Videocast - All Events)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Jxdm3k

Hydrophilic modification of sandblasted and acid-etched implants improves stability during early healing: a human double-blind randomized controlled trial

(Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2JxdrUG

Experimental peri-implant mucositis around titanium and zirconia implants in comparison to a natural tooth: part 2 —clinical and microbiological parameters

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and microbiological parameters around dental zirconia and titanium implants compared with natural teeth during experimental plaque accumulation. Clinical parameters were evaluated (gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth). Microbiological samples were analyzed for total bacterial cell counts, as well as Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia counts. A statistically significant difference over time was observed in the groups in terms of the gingival index (P (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DhYyVI

Immunology Interest Group

Air date: 10/24/2018 4:15:00 PM (Source: Videocast - All Events)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Jxdm3k

A Contemporary and Novel Use of Thyroid Cartilage for Structural Grafting in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty : A Case Report

This case report details a 21-year-old transgender female who underwent concomitant trichophyllic brow lift with frontal bone reduction, tracheal shave (aka thyroid chondroplasty), and rhinoplasty, for facial feminization in conjunction with her transitioning process. During her rhinoplasty (like many others), harvesting cartilage for structural grafting is often necessary and this is typically done from a distant, unrelated surgical site. During this case, cartilage from the thyroid lamina was utilized in structural grafting in the form of a columellar strut.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zvi1yb

Donor-site morbidity following osteocutaneous free fibula transfer: longitudinal analysis of gait performance

To evaluate donor site clinical morbidity and changes in kinematic gait parameters after the harvest of a vascularized free fibula flap (VFFF) for facial reconstruction.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SBkU97

A Contemporary and Novel Use of Thyroid Cartilage for Structural Grafting in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty : A Case Report

This case report details a 21-year-old transgender female who underwent concomitant trichophyllic brow lift with frontal bone reduction, tracheal shave (aka thyroid chondroplasty), and rhinoplasty, for facial feminization in conjunction with her transitioning process. During her rhinoplasty (like many others), harvesting cartilage for structural grafting is often necessary and this is typically done from a distant, unrelated surgical site. During this case, cartilage from the thyroid lamina was utilized in structural grafting in the form of a columellar strut.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zvi1yb

Donor-site morbidity following osteocutaneous free fibula transfer: longitudinal analysis of gait performance

To evaluate donor site clinical morbidity and changes in kinematic gait parameters after the harvest of a vascularized free fibula flap (VFFF) for facial reconstruction.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SBkU97

Postoperative hemorrhage following tonsillectomy in adults: Analysis of population-based inpatient cohort in Taiwan

Because of the lack of population-based analyses, this study elucidated the epidemiology and 30-day postoperative complications of inpatient adult tonsillectomies in Taiwan.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Rw0xsS

Assessment of oropharyngeal swallowing dysfunction in myasthenia gravis patients presenting with difficulty in swallowing

To examine the correlation between the results of a clinical neurological evaluation and swallowing dysfunction in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients who presented with difficulty in swallowing and underwent videofluorographic (VF) and fiber-optic endoscopic (FE) evaluation.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2PyKCwd

Assessment of oropharyngeal swallowing dysfunction in myasthenia gravis patients presenting with difficulty in swallowing

To examine the correlation between the results of a clinical neurological evaluation and swallowing dysfunction in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients who presented with difficulty in swallowing and underwent videofluorographic (VF) and fiber-optic endoscopic (FE) evaluation.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2PyKCwd

Characterization of the biomechanical properties of canine trachea using a customized 3D-printed apparatus

The canine trachea is considered to be an excellent preclinical model for tracheal research due to its similar mechanical and dimensional characteristics to the human trachea. However, normative biomechanical properties have yet to be defined and it is one of the main reasons tracheal reconstruction has not succeeded in animal models at large scale. Variation and inaccurate measurement due to a lack of proper apparatus for mechanical tests further prevent determination of normative mechanical data of the trachea.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Rw0mOe

Clinical, Immunological, and Molecular Heterogeneity of 173 Patients With the Phenotype of Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy, X-Linked (IPEX) Syndrome

Eleonora Gambineri, Sara Ciullini Mannurita, David Hagin, Marina Vignoli, Stephanie Anover-Sombke, Stacey DeBoer, Gesmar R. S. Segundo, Eric J. Allenspach, Claudio Favre, Hans D. Ochs, Troy R. Torgerson (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2yLJtrQ

Biology and management of primary effusion lymphoma

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare B-cell malignancy that most often occurs in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-infected individuals and patients receiving organ transplantation. The main characteristic of PEL is neoplastic effusions in body cavities without detectable tumor masses. The onset of the disease is associated with latent infection of human herpes virus 8/Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpes virus, and the normal counterpart of tumor cells is B cells with plasmablastic differentiation. A condition of immunodeficiency and a usual absence of CD20 expression lead to the expectation of the lack of efficacy of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody; clinical outcomes of the disease remain extremely poor, with an overall survival at 1 year of ~30%. Although recent progress in a...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OgGrRe

Biology and management of primary effusion lymphoma

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare B-cell malignancy that most often occurs in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-infected individuals and patients receiving organ transplantation. The main characteristic of PEL is neoplastic effusions in body cavities without detectable tumor masses. The onset of the disease is associated with latent infection of human herpes virus 8/Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpes virus, and the normal counterpart of tumor cells is B cells with plasmablastic differentiation. A condition of immunodeficiency and a usual absence of CD20 expression lead to the expectation of the lack of efficacy of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody; clinical outcomes of the disease remain extremely poor, with an overall survival at 1 year of ~30%. Although recent progress in a...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OgGrRe

A Contemporary and Novel Use of Thyroid Cartilage for Structural Grafting in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty : A Case Report

This case report details a 21-year-old transgender female who underwent concomitant trichophyllic brow lift with frontal bone reduction, tracheal shave (aka thyroid chondroplasty), and rhinoplasty, for facial feminization in conjunction with her transitioning process. During her rhinoplasty (like many others), harvesting cartilage for structural grafting is often necessary and this is typically done from a distant, unrelated surgical site. During this case, cartilage from the thyroid lamina was utilized in structural grafting in the form of a columellar strut.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zvi1yb

Donor-site morbidity following osteocutaneous free fibula transfer: longitudinal analysis of gait performance

To evaluate donor site clinical morbidity and changes in kinematic gait parameters after the harvest of a vascularized free fibula flap (VFFF) for facial reconstruction.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SBkU97

A Contemporary and Novel Use of Thyroid Cartilage for Structural Grafting in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty : A Case Report

This case report details a 21-year-old transgender female who underwent concomitant trichophyllic brow lift with frontal bone reduction, tracheal shave (aka thyroid chondroplasty), and rhinoplasty, for facial feminization in conjunction with her transitioning process. During her rhinoplasty (like many others), harvesting cartilage for structural grafting is often necessary and this is typically done from a distant, unrelated surgical site. During this case, cartilage from the thyroid lamina was utilized in structural grafting in the form of a columellar strut.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zvi1yb

Donor-site morbidity following osteocutaneous free fibula transfer: longitudinal analysis of gait performance

To evaluate donor site clinical morbidity and changes in kinematic gait parameters after the harvest of a vascularized free fibula flap (VFFF) for facial reconstruction.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SBkU97

Single surgeon series of outcomes of 897 consecutive endoscopic carpal tunnel releases stratified by disease severity

The safety and efficacy of multiple endoscopic carpal tunnel (eCTR) techniques have been established in the literature.1-3 High rates of symptomatic relief and low risk of complications are reported, similar to those seen with open CTR.2 A stratification of postoperative results and relief of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) based on objective pre-operative disease severity has not been established. This information would allow more individualized preoperative counselling.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CV8gMS

Microvascular Anastomotic Coupler Application Learning Curve: A curriculum supporting further deliberate practice in Ex-vivo Simulation models

Microvascular anastomosis with coupler devices revolutionized microsurgery practice. Couplers are considered easier to apply and offer improved operating time while maintaining success rates. This study aims to map the learning curve, skill acquisition and decay of novice microsurgeons in performing coupler anastomosis.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CXGkYV

A retrospective study on surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction of EGIS® ADM in one-stage implant-based breast reconstruction

Implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) is the most performed breast reconstruction method. It is performed either as a one-stage (i.e. direct-to-implant) or two-stage (expander/implant) procedure. In both methods, an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) can be used. The ADM provides support of the implant and improves implant coverage, which facilitates a one-stage reconstruction and results in a more natural ptotic breast.1 Reported complication rates after IBBR with an ADM vary widely, from less than 5% up to 50%.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P8nBBe

A Quantitative Analysis of Factors Influencing Lower Lid Retraction and Involutional Ectropion

Laxity of the eyelid can be evaluated by a subjective assessment during manipulation and distraction, using procedures such as the "pinch test" and "snap back test".1 To our knowledge, no study has objectively measured the force exerted to induce eyelid malposition during such testing. We conducted a quantitative analysis to record the minimum force that can induce lower eyelid ectropion and displacement in four different demographic groups (age, gender, race, and orbital vectors).

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CV7rDM

Biomechanical behavior of mandibles reconstructed with fibular grafts at different vertical positions using finite element method

For large mandibular defects, surgical reconstruction using microvascular fibular grafts has advantages over other alternatives in terms of blood supply and good quality of grafted bone. However, the fibular segment is usually lower in height than that of the original mandible, meaning that the vertical positioning of the fibular graft is variable, with different biomechanical consequences on the reconstructed mandible.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OZNrae

Novel technique of filler injection in the temple area using the vein detection device

The increasing popularity of soft tissue fillers will inevitably result in increasing incidence of vascular injury. The temple area consists of several layers such as the superficial subcutaneous layer, superficial temporal fascia, loose areolar tissue, deep temporal fascia, temporalis muscle, and temporal bone from the zygomatic arch to the superior temporal septum. Fillers can be injected into various layers: first, the superficial subcutaneous layer; second, between the superficial temporal fascia and deep temporal fascia; and third, above the periosteum of the temporal bone.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P48qZB

Local safety of immediate reconstruction during primary treatment of breast cancer. Direct-to-implant versus expander-based surgery

After mastectomy, immediate breast reconstruction is paramount. With the growing number of nipple-sparing mastectomies, also the chances of successful one-stage reconstruction with implants are increasing. Local safety is one of the main issues. This study investigated which factors could lead to major or minor complications after expander-based versus direct-to-implant reconstruction.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CZ1Mwi

Differential Visualization of Arterial and Venous Flow in Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Imaging with Vector-Flow Perforator Phase Contrast Angiography (pPCA)

Perforator flaps are commonly used in reconstructive surgery, with decreased donor site morbidity and increased flexibility in flap design cited as advantages over traditional techniques.1 Vascular imaging is often obtained preoperatively in order to facilitate flap design and execution.2-3 Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is widely used in a variety of different perforator flaps, but possesses a number of drawbacks. CTA utilizes ionizing radiation, which is of particular concern to the patient population receiving perforator flap surgery as many of them are young and with greater than usual susceptibility to radiation induced neoplasia due to risk factors such as BRCA gene mutations and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P48qJ5

The Impact of Facial Expression on Facial Appearance of the Surgically Managed Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients (UCLP)

To evaluate the impact of facial expression on the asymmetry of surgically managed UCLP cases.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P5FBfc

A Large-Volume Academic Center Retrospective Audit of The Temporal Evolution of Immediate Breast Reconstruction Protocols and the Effect on Breast Prosthetic Infection

Complications of tissue expanders (TE) in breast reconstruction are challenging. We sought to identify TE infection risks and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and infection control protocol impacts on infection in a longitudinal study.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVcqnW

Single surgeon series of outcomes of 897 consecutive endoscopic carpal tunnel releases stratified by disease severity

The safety and efficacy of multiple endoscopic carpal tunnel (eCTR) techniques have been established in the literature.1-3 High rates of symptomatic relief and low risk of complications are reported, similar to those seen with open CTR.2 A stratification of postoperative results and relief of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) based on objective pre-operative disease severity has not been established. This information would allow more individualized preoperative counselling.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CV8gMS

Effects of pedicle torsion on dynamic perforasome survival in a multi-territory perforator flap model: An experimental study

Necrosis of propeller flaps is a problem in clinical practice. This study was performed to investigate the effects of pedicle torsion on dynamic perforasome survival using a multi-territory perforator flap model in rats.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P5cx7N

Microvascular Anastomotic Coupler Application Learning Curve: A curriculum supporting further deliberate practice in Ex-vivo Simulation models

Microvascular anastomosis with coupler devices revolutionized microsurgery practice. Couplers are considered easier to apply and offer improved operating time while maintaining success rates. This study aims to map the learning curve, skill acquisition and decay of novice microsurgeons in performing coupler anastomosis.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CXGkYV

A retrospective study on surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction of EGIS® ADM in one-stage implant-based breast reconstruction

Implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) is the most performed breast reconstruction method. It is performed either as a one-stage (i.e. direct-to-implant) or two-stage (expander/implant) procedure. In both methods, an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) can be used. The ADM provides support of the implant and improves implant coverage, which facilitates a one-stage reconstruction and results in a more natural ptotic breast.1 Reported complication rates after IBBR with an ADM vary widely, from less than 5% up to 50%.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P8nBBe

A Quantitative Analysis of Factors Influencing Lower Lid Retraction and Involutional Ectropion

Laxity of the eyelid can be evaluated by a subjective assessment during manipulation and distraction, using procedures such as the "pinch test" and "snap back test".1 To our knowledge, no study has objectively measured the force exerted to induce eyelid malposition during such testing. We conducted a quantitative analysis to record the minimum force that can induce lower eyelid ectropion and displacement in four different demographic groups (age, gender, race, and orbital vectors).

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CV7rDM

Biomechanical behavior of mandibles reconstructed with fibular grafts at different vertical positions using finite element method

For large mandibular defects, surgical reconstruction using microvascular fibular grafts has advantages over other alternatives in terms of blood supply and good quality of grafted bone. However, the fibular segment is usually lower in height than that of the original mandible, meaning that the vertical positioning of the fibular graft is variable, with different biomechanical consequences on the reconstructed mandible.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OZNrae

A feasibility study of indocyanine green fluorescence mapping for sentinel lymph node detection in cutaneous melanoma

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is standard of care for staging regional LN in AJCC stage IB-IIC melanoma; using dual localization with radiolabelled colloid and blue dye. Combining these gives optimal accuracy; drawbacks include cumulative radiation exposure for healthcare workers, coordination between disciplines and anaphylaxis. An alternative tracer agent is indocyanine green (ICG); an optical enhancer that fluoresces in the near infrared range. This prospective cohort study assesses the feasibility of using ICG as a tracer agent to detect SLN in cutaneous melanoma.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CZ1QMy

Novel technique of filler injection in the temple area using the vein detection device

The increasing popularity of soft tissue fillers will inevitably result in increasing incidence of vascular injury. The temple area consists of several layers such as the superficial subcutaneous layer, superficial temporal fascia, loose areolar tissue, deep temporal fascia, temporalis muscle, and temporal bone from the zygomatic arch to the superior temporal septum. Fillers can be injected into various layers: first, the superficial subcutaneous layer; second, between the superficial temporal fascia and deep temporal fascia; and third, above the periosteum of the temporal bone.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P48qZB

Local safety of immediate reconstruction during primary treatment of breast cancer. Direct-to-implant versus expander-based surgery

After mastectomy, immediate breast reconstruction is paramount. With the growing number of nipple-sparing mastectomies, also the chances of successful one-stage reconstruction with implants are increasing. Local safety is one of the main issues. This study investigated which factors could lead to major or minor complications after expander-based versus direct-to-implant reconstruction.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CZ1Mwi

Differential Visualization of Arterial and Venous Flow in Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Imaging with Vector-Flow Perforator Phase Contrast Angiography (pPCA)

Perforator flaps are commonly used in reconstructive surgery, with decreased donor site morbidity and increased flexibility in flap design cited as advantages over traditional techniques.1 Vascular imaging is often obtained preoperatively in order to facilitate flap design and execution.2-3 Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is widely used in a variety of different perforator flaps, but possesses a number of drawbacks. CTA utilizes ionizing radiation, which is of particular concern to the patient population receiving perforator flap surgery as many of them are young and with greater than usual susceptibility to radiation induced neoplasia due to risk factors such as BRCA gene mutations and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P48qJ5

Individualized small-incision orbicularis-levator fixation blepharoplasty for unilateral single-eyelid Asians

Unilateral double-eyelid blepharoplasty is often required by people with unilateral single eyelid. The full incisional method may cause permanent skin scar formation, and the buried suture method may lead to early eyelid fold loosening, which could not reduce the eyelid's soft tissue thickness. A total of 85 patients (8 males, 77 females) with unilateral single eyelid were involved between January 2015 and January 2016, with a mean age of 25.57±6.5 years. Small-incision orbicularis-levator fixation blepharoplasty was performed on all patients on the single eyelid side.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CZ1BkC

The Impact of Facial Expression on Facial Appearance of the Surgically Managed Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients (UCLP)

To evaluate the impact of facial expression on the asymmetry of surgically managed UCLP cases.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P5FBfc

A Large-Volume Academic Center Retrospective Audit of The Temporal Evolution of Immediate Breast Reconstruction Protocols and the Effect on Breast Prosthetic Infection

Complications of tissue expanders (TE) in breast reconstruction are challenging. We sought to identify TE infection risks and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and infection control protocol impacts on infection in a longitudinal study.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVcqnW

Sentinel node biopsy for melanoma: New Zealand indication guidelines in practice

Current New Zealand cutaneous melanoma management guidelines1 note thin melanomas (<1mm) can usually be cured by primary tumour removal, and while unnecessary in most cases, sentinel node biopsy (SNB) may be considered for patients with poor prognostic factors, such as ulceration or dermal mitoses (T1b2). For patients with intermediate thickness melanomas (1–4mm: T2 and T3), it is suggested SNB is useful for identifying small nodal metastases, allowing more accurate staging, better prognostication and improved regional tumour control.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P4NxNN

Experimental peri-implant mucositis around titanium and zirconia implants in comparison to a natural tooth: part 2—clinical and microbiological parameters

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and microbiological parameters around dental zirconia and titanium implants compared with natural teeth during experimental plaque accumulation. Clinical parameters were evaluated (gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth). Microbiological samples were analyzed for total bacterial cell counts, as well as Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia counts. A statistically significant difference over time was observed in the groups in terms of the gingival index (P<0.001), plaque index (P<0.001), and bleeding on probing (P=0.039).

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2JvbKa2

Hydrophilic modification of sandblasted and acid-etched implants improves stability during early healing: a human double-blind randomized controlled trial

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Di8rD0

Experimental peri-implant mucositis around titanium and zirconia implants in comparison to a natural tooth: part 2—clinical and microbiological parameters

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and microbiological parameters around dental zirconia and titanium implants compared with natural teeth during experimental plaque accumulation. Clinical parameters were evaluated (gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth). Microbiological samples were analyzed for total bacterial cell counts, as well as Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia counts. A statistically significant difference over time was observed in the groups in terms of the gingival index (P<0.001), plaque index (P<0.001), and bleeding on probing (P=0.039).

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2JvbKa2

Hydrophilic modification of sandblasted and acid-etched implants improves stability during early healing: a human double-blind randomized controlled trial

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Di8rD0

Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy

Healthy adults and children treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections don't need to be monitored for liver or blood abnormalities, researchers say.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Rvb8nL

Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy Routine Monitoring Unneeded for Most Patients on Oral Dermatophyte Therapy

Healthy adults and children treated with oral terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections don't need to be monitored for liver or blood abnormalities, researchers say.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Rvb8nL

Maribel ’s Sweets Inc. Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk Allergens in Chocolate Bars

Maribel 's Sweets Inc. of Brooklyn, NY is recalling its 2.82oz MarieBelle Japanese Matcha Japanese Green Tea and White Chocolate Bar, container code 101619, Cacao Market by MarieBelle Rosemary Truffle Salt 60% Dark Chocolate Bar, all container codes, and the Cacao Market by MarieBelle Orange Peels 60% Dar k Chocolate Bar, all container codes, because they may contain undeclared milk allergens. Consumers who are allergic to milk allergens may run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reactions if they consume this product. (Source: FDA Food Alergies)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zkDDNC

Maribel ’s Sweets Inc. Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk Allergens in Chocolate Bars

Maribel 's Sweets Inc. of Brooklyn, NY is recalling its 2.82oz MarieBelle Japanese Matcha Japanese Green Tea and White Chocolate Bar, container code 101619, Cacao Market by MarieBelle Rosemary Truffle Salt 60% Dark Chocolate Bar, all container codes, and the Cacao Market by MarieBelle Orange Peels 60% Dar k Chocolate Bar, all container codes, because they may contain undeclared milk allergens. Consumers who are allergic to milk allergens may run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reactions if they consume this product. (Source: FDA Food Alergies)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zkDDNC

Improvement of patient-reported outcomes in severe allergic asthma by omalizumab treatment: the real life observational PROXIMA study

ConclusionThis study demonstrated that in severe allergic asthma, omalizumab improves patient-reported outcomes such as patients ' illness perception and QoL, while confirming improvement of asthma control and exacerbation rate reduction in Italian patients. (Source: World Allergy Organization Journal)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DgpcOV

Improvement of patient-reported outcomes in severe allergic asthma by omalizumab treatment: the real life observational PROXIMA study

ConclusionThis study demonstrated that in severe allergic asthma, omalizumab improves patient-reported outcomes such as patients ' illness perception and QoL, while confirming improvement of asthma control and exacerbation rate reduction in Italian patients. (Source: World Allergy Organization Journal)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DgpcOV

Germination results in reduced allergenicity of peanut by degradation of allergens and resveratrol enrichment

In this study, allergen content and resveratrol production were measured during the germination process. Immunoreactivity was evaluated by immunoblotting and ELISA assay. The allergic activities of germinated peanut were determined by the mediator-release assay using RBL-2H3 cells. The results showed that the total protein content and the most allergenic proteins, Ara h 1, 3, and 2/6, were significantly degraded after germination. The IgE reactivity of five day-germinated peanut was significantly decreased as determined by immunoassay and mediator release assay. A lower concentration (1 nmol/L) resveratrol had an inhibitory effect on β‑hexosaminidase release. The degradation of allergens and resveratrol enrichment may be responsible for the lower allergenicity of germinated peanut.Gra...

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Preparation of an anti-thiamethoxam monoclonal antibody for development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a colloidal gold immunoassay

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1173-1183 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

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Preparation of an anti-4,4 ′-dinitrocarbanilide monoclonal antibody and its application in an immunochromatographic assay for anticoccidial drugs

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1162-1172 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

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Analysis on MTGase catalysed cross-linked products of Ara h 2: structure and immunoreactivity

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1197-1208 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P4PZEe

Development of a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay to detect cadmium in cereal samples

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1184-1196 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

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Germination results in reduced allergenicity of peanut by degradation of allergens and resveratrol enrichment

In this study, allergen content and resveratrol production were measured during the germination process. Immunoreactivity was evaluated by immunoblotting and ELISA assay. The allergic activities of germinated peanut were determined by the mediator-release assay using RBL-2H3 cells. The results showed that the total protein content and the most allergenic proteins, Ara h 1, 3, and 2/6, were significantly degraded after germination. The IgE reactivity of five day-germinated peanut was significantly decreased as determined by immunoassay and mediator release assay. A lower concentration (1 nmol/L) resveratrol had an inhibitory effect on β‑hexosaminidase release. The degradation of allergens and resveratrol enrichment may be responsible for the lower allergenicity of germinated peanut.Gra...

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CXds2Y

Preparation of an anti-thiamethoxam monoclonal antibody for development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a colloidal gold immunoassay

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1173-1183 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P5wLhw

Preparation of an anti-4,4 ′-dinitrocarbanilide monoclonal antibody and its application in an immunochromatographic assay for anticoccidial drugs

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1162-1172 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CWeHPR

Analysis on MTGase catalysed cross-linked products of Ara h 2: structure and immunoreactivity

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1197-1208 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2P4PZEe

Development of a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay to detect cadmium in cereal samples

Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1184-1196 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVNEnC

Oral health management in patients with depression

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Oral health management in patients with depression

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Occupational cancer claims in Korea from 2010 to 2016

Research on carcinogens causing occupational cancer has been updated. Further, social interest in occupational cancer has increased. In addition, the standard for recognizing cancer as a work-related disease h...

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Occupational cancer claims in Korea from 2010 to 2016

Research on carcinogens causing occupational cancer has been updated. Further, social interest in occupational cancer has increased. In addition, the standard for recognizing cancer as a work-related disease h...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DhZ1Ho

High mobility group box 2 of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii: Gene cloning, immunoregulatory properties and antibacterial effect

Publication date: January 2019Source: Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Volume 84Author(s): Guang-hua Wang, Jing-jing Wang, Bin Yue, Xue Du, He-he Du, Min Zhang, Yong-hua HuAbstractHigh-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) is a non-histone chromosomal protein that involved diverse functions such as transcriptional regulation and innate immune responses in mammalian. In teleost, very limited studies on HMGB2 proteins have been documented. Black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) is an economic fish species and cultured worldwide. However, the study of black rockfish about immunology is very scarce. In the present study, a HMGB2 homologue gene (SsHMGB2) was identified and characterized in black rockfish. The open reading frame of SsHMGB2 is 648 bp, and the deduced amino acid sequence of SsHMGB2 shares 74.4%...

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Molecular characteristics and functional study of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 from the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Publication date: January 2019Source: Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Volume 84Author(s): Man Yang, Rui Han, Lu-Yun Ni, Xiao-Chun Luo, An-Xing Li, Xue-Ming Dan, Yan-Wei LiAbstractIn mammals, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) is a crucial intracellular adaptor protein, which performs a vital role in numerous signaling pathways that activate NF-κB, MAPKs, and IRFs. In the present study, three TRAF2 sequences were identified from the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), and named EcTRAF2-1, EcTRAF2-2, and EcTRAF2-3. These sequences contained conserved structure features that were similar to those of mammals. EcTRAF2-1 shared relatively low sequence identity with the other two EcTRAF2s. In healthy E. coioides, EcTRAF2s were widely expressed in all tissues teste...

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