Influence of bacteriophages cocktail on European eel (Anguilla anguilla) immunity and survival after experimental challenge

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Patrycja Schulz, Stanisław Robak, Jarosław Dastych, Andrzej Krzysztof SiwickiAbstractInland fishery belongs to those branches of animal production that use very large amounts of chemotherapeutics, in particular antibiotics. The accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents in bottom sediments is a direct threat to the aquatic environment and directly affects the condition and health of the fish. Finding a preparation that could be used both prophylactically to increase the resistance of fish and therapeutically in case of infection with pathogenic bacteria, without side effects for fish and aquatic environment could be a great solution to this problem. Our aim was to determine influence of BAFADOR...

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Influence of bacteriophages cocktail on European eel (Anguilla anguilla) immunity and survival after experimental challenge

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Patrycja Schulz, Stanisław Robak, Jarosław Dastych, Andrzej Krzysztof SiwickiAbstractInland fishery belongs to those branches of animal production that use very large amounts of chemotherapeutics, in particular antibiotics. The accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents in bottom sediments is a direct threat to the aquatic environment and directly affects the condition and health of the fish. Finding a preparation that could be used both prophylactically to increase the resistance of fish and therapeutically in case of infection with pathogenic bacteria, without side effects for fish and aquatic environment could be a great solution to this problem. Our aim was to determine influence of BAFADOR...

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Thyroid Cancer Market Market Research Report Size, Average Price, Major Key Players, Competitive Landscape and ...

Thyroid Cancer Market Market Research Report Size, Average Price, Major Key Players, Competitive Landscape and ...  The Lansing PostFull coverage

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Roberts Wesleyan relays for life

Roberts Wesleyan relays for life  RochesterFirstFull coverage

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Thyroid Cancer Market Market Research Report Size, Average Price, Major Key Players, Competitive Landscape and ...

Thyroid Cancer Market Market Research Report Size, Average Price, Major Key Players, Competitive Landscape and ...  The Lansing PostFull coverage

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Roberts Wesleyan relays for life

Roberts Wesleyan relays for life  RochesterFirstFull coverage

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Introduction

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAuthor(s): David Myssiorek (Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery)

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Identification and Dissection of the Facial Nerve During Parotidectomy

Facial nerve injury during parotidectomy remains one of the most significant complications associated this operation. Preventing facial nerve injury begins with a detailed understanding of the extra-temporal course of the facial nerve beginning with identification of the main trunk at the stylomastoid foramen. Reliable anatomic landmarks are present which facilitate identification and preservation of the main trunk of the facial nerve and facilitate antegrade dissection and preservation of the facial nerve distally.

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Surgical Excision of the Submandibular Gland

A variety of pathology commonly affects the salivary glands including both benign and malignant tumors as well as infectious and inflammatory disease. Although newer techniques including sialo-endoscopy are emerging for the treatment of inflammatory and obstructive disorders, excision of the submandibular gland remains the treatment of choice for tumors of the submandibular gland and remains an important option for the treatment of refractory inflammatory disease. Relevant surgical anatomy, perioperative management, surgical technique, and possible complications are discussed.

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Deep Lobe Parotidectomy

Deep lobe parotidectomy (DLP) is a critical procedure to master for any head and neck oncologic surgeon. This procedure is indicated for any deep lobe malignancy, a superficial lobe malignancy with extension into the deep lobe, refractory inflammatory conditions, and the presence of metastatic disease within a superficial or periparotid lymph node. This article describes the relevant anatomy and steps required to perform a DLP with and without facial nerve sacrifice. In addition, the history of the procedure, patient work up, indications, and possible complications are discussed.

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Introduction

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAuthor(s): David Myssiorek (Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery)

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Identification and Dissection of the Facial Nerve During Parotidectomy

Facial nerve injury during parotidectomy remains one of the most significant complications associated this operation. Preventing facial nerve injury begins with a detailed understanding of the extra-temporal course of the facial nerve beginning with identification of the main trunk at the stylomastoid foramen. Reliable anatomic landmarks are present which facilitate identification and preservation of the main trunk of the facial nerve and facilitate antegrade dissection and preservation of the facial nerve distally.

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Surgical Excision of the Submandibular Gland

A variety of pathology commonly affects the salivary glands including both benign and malignant tumors as well as infectious and inflammatory disease. Although newer techniques including sialo-endoscopy are emerging for the treatment of inflammatory and obstructive disorders, excision of the submandibular gland remains the treatment of choice for tumors of the submandibular gland and remains an important option for the treatment of refractory inflammatory disease. Relevant surgical anatomy, perioperative management, surgical technique, and possible complications are discussed.

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Deep Lobe Parotidectomy

Deep lobe parotidectomy (DLP) is a critical procedure to master for any head and neck oncologic surgeon. This procedure is indicated for any deep lobe malignancy, a superficial lobe malignancy with extension into the deep lobe, refractory inflammatory conditions, and the presence of metastatic disease within a superficial or periparotid lymph node. This article describes the relevant anatomy and steps required to perform a DLP with and without facial nerve sacrifice. In addition, the history of the procedure, patient work up, indications, and possible complications are discussed.

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Comparison of short-term effects of presurgical nasoalveolar molding and Hotz’s plate on maxillary arch form in unilateral cleft lip and palate

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology

Author(s): Takao Fuchigami, Namiko Kimura, Masahiro Tezuka, Toshiro Kibe, Muhammad Subhan Amir, Toshiya Tsujii, Hokuto Suga, Makiko Hashiguchi, Aya Maeda-Iino, Norifumi Nakamura

Abstract

Objective

To compare the short-term effects of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) and Hotz's plate treatment on maxillary arch form in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included patients with non-syndromic UCLP who received orthopedic treatment with PNAM (the PNAM group; n = 27) or Hotz's plate (the Hotz's group; n = 29) before lip repair. Maxillary dental casts obtained at first visit and at the time of lip repair were scanned, and the two groups were compared for maxillary form by superimposition of palatal rugae.

Results

By the time of lip repair, the PNAM group exhibited significantly greater posterior movements of the incisal and cleft-edge points of the major segment than did the Hotz's group; additionally, the incisal point had moved laterally to the cleft side. Moreover, the PNAM group exhibited significant smaller alveolar cleft width and alveolar arch length than the Hotz's group at the time of lip repair.

Conclusion

Since PNAM induces rotation of the major segment to the cleft side, it could contribute to the formation of a more symmetrical maxillary arch. However, it might also decrease alveolar arch length before lip repair.

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Comparison of short-term effects of presurgical nasoalveolar molding and Hotz’s plate on maxillary arch form in unilateral cleft lip and palate

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology

Author(s): Takao Fuchigami, Namiko Kimura, Masahiro Tezuka, Toshiro Kibe, Muhammad Subhan Amir, Toshiya Tsujii, Hokuto Suga, Makiko Hashiguchi, Aya Maeda-Iino, Norifumi Nakamura

Abstract

Objective

To compare the short-term effects of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) and Hotz's plate treatment on maxillary arch form in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included patients with non-syndromic UCLP who received orthopedic treatment with PNAM (the PNAM group; n = 27) or Hotz's plate (the Hotz's group; n = 29) before lip repair. Maxillary dental casts obtained at first visit and at the time of lip repair were scanned, and the two groups were compared for maxillary form by superimposition of palatal rugae.

Results

By the time of lip repair, the PNAM group exhibited significantly greater posterior movements of the incisal and cleft-edge points of the major segment than did the Hotz's group; additionally, the incisal point had moved laterally to the cleft side. Moreover, the PNAM group exhibited significant smaller alveolar cleft width and alveolar arch length than the Hotz's group at the time of lip repair.

Conclusion

Since PNAM induces rotation of the major segment to the cleft side, it could contribute to the formation of a more symmetrical maxillary arch. However, it might also decrease alveolar arch length before lip repair.

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Gingko flap: The development of a novel flap technique to reduce dog ear formation

Dear Sir,

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Comment on “How to assess the volume of a DIEP flap using a free online calculator: the DIEP V (volume) method”

Razzano et al. developed a simple method to calculate the predicted volume of a DIEP flap for breast reconstruction.1 They hypothesized that the best representative shape for a DIEP flap was a truncated pyramid. They measured flap thickness using ultrasound (US), and used other variables including flap length and height to calculate the volume of a truncated pyramid-shaped flap. Great value must be given to this study because estimation of DIEP flap volume is crucial in surgical planning and execution for ultimately matching the volume of the breast being reconstructed, and it also can help decrease donor site complications.

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Anatomic Location of a Sensory Nerve to the Transverse Upper Gracilis (TUG) Flap: A Novel Option for Sensate Autologous Tissue Reconstruction

A January 2017 article in the New York Times, "After Mastectomies, an Unexpected Blow: Numb New Breasts," made the concept of hypoesthesia after mastectomy mainstream. This, along with advances in cadaveric nerve grafts, has led to a surge in the number of publications regarding sensate autologous breast reconstruction. Autologous breast reconstruction typically utilizes an abdominal donor site and the majority of research in sensate autologous tissue has been performed in DIEP or TRAM flaps [3, 4].

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The Helsinki Approach to Face Transplantation

We herein describe the establishment of the Helsinki Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) program and its execution in the first two face transplant cases.

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When should we use the terms “aponeurotic blepharoptosis” and “reinsertion of the levator aponeurosis”?

It is generally considered that involutional (or senile) blepharoptosis is caused by disinsertion of the levator aponeurosis1. This type of acquired blepharoptosis is therefore also referred to as "aponeurotic blepharoptosis", by reference to its presumed etiology. However, the levator aponeurosis is rarely found to be disinserted peroperatively 2 (at most a dehiscence is found) and it has been suggested that in some cases this disinsertion could be iatrogenic and caused by the surgical procedure itself 3.

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Gingko flap: The development of a novel flap technique to reduce dog ear formation

Dear Sir,

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DwJ5lU

Comment on “How to assess the volume of a DIEP flap using a free online calculator: the DIEP V (volume) method”

Razzano et al. developed a simple method to calculate the predicted volume of a DIEP flap for breast reconstruction.1 They hypothesized that the best representative shape for a DIEP flap was a truncated pyramid. They measured flap thickness using ultrasound (US), and used other variables including flap length and height to calculate the volume of a truncated pyramid-shaped flap. Great value must be given to this study because estimation of DIEP flap volume is crucial in surgical planning and execution for ultimately matching the volume of the breast being reconstructed, and it also can help decrease donor site complications.

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Anatomic Location of a Sensory Nerve to the Transverse Upper Gracilis (TUG) Flap: A Novel Option for Sensate Autologous Tissue Reconstruction

A January 2017 article in the New York Times, "After Mastectomies, an Unexpected Blow: Numb New Breasts," made the concept of hypoesthesia after mastectomy mainstream. This, along with advances in cadaveric nerve grafts, has led to a surge in the number of publications regarding sensate autologous breast reconstruction. Autologous breast reconstruction typically utilizes an abdominal donor site and the majority of research in sensate autologous tissue has been performed in DIEP or TRAM flaps [3, 4].

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The Helsinki Approach to Face Transplantation

We herein describe the establishment of the Helsinki Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) program and its execution in the first two face transplant cases.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NuljeK

When should we use the terms “aponeurotic blepharoptosis” and “reinsertion of the levator aponeurosis”?

It is generally considered that involutional (or senile) blepharoptosis is caused by disinsertion of the levator aponeurosis1. This type of acquired blepharoptosis is therefore also referred to as "aponeurotic blepharoptosis", by reference to its presumed etiology. However, the levator aponeurosis is rarely found to be disinserted peroperatively 2 (at most a dehiscence is found) and it has been suggested that in some cases this disinsertion could be iatrogenic and caused by the surgical procedure itself 3.

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Andrographolide prevented toluene diisocyanate-induced occupational asthma and aberrant airway E-cadherin distribution via p38 MAPK-dependent Nrf2 induction

This study elucidates the therapeutic potential of AGP in the control and management of chemical-induced allergic asthma. To the best of our knowledge, the potential anti-asthma activity of AGP in TDI-induced occupational asthma has not been reported previously.Graphical abstract (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

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Severe allergic reaction during angioplasty culminating to fatal acute stent thrombosis: An association with Kounis syndrome

ConclusionsSignificant suspicion should be raised that life saving drugs such as heparin and bivalirudin could join forces with concurrent medication acting as antigens and induce fulminant and fatal stent thrombosis as a manifestation of Kounis syndrome (Source: Heart and Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care)

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Andrographolide prevented toluene diisocyanate-induced occupational asthma and aberrant airway E-cadherin distribution via p38 MAPK-dependent Nrf2 induction

This study elucidates the therapeutic potential of AGP in the control and management of chemical-induced allergic asthma. To the best of our knowledge, the potential anti-asthma activity of AGP in TDI-induced occupational asthma has not been reported previously.Graphical abstract (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

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Severe allergic reaction during angioplasty culminating to fatal acute stent thrombosis: An association with Kounis syndrome

ConclusionsSignificant suspicion should be raised that life saving drugs such as heparin and bivalirudin could join forces with concurrent medication acting as antigens and induce fulminant and fatal stent thrombosis as a manifestation of Kounis syndrome (Source: Heart and Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care)

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A Closed-form Solution to the Graph Total Variation Problem for Continuous Emotion Profiling in Noisy Environment

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Speech CommunicationAuthor(s): Shaoling Jing, Xia Mao, Lijiang Chen, Maria Colomba Comes, Arianna Mencattini, Grazia Raguso, Fabien Ringeval, Björn Schuller, Corrado Di Natale, Eugenio MartinelliAbstractTime-continuous emotion estimation (e. g., arousal and valence) from spontaneous speech expressions has recently drawn increasing commercial attention. However, real-life applications of emotion recognition technology require challenging conditions, such as noise from recording devices and background environments. In this work, we introduce a novel personalized emotion prediction model validated in different noisy environments. It is performed by a three-level noise reduction algorithm: (i) data downsampling, (ii) feature synchro...

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Editorial Board

Publication date: November 2018Source: Language & Communication, Volume 63Author(s): (Source: Language and Communication)

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Are there similarities between emotional and familiarity-based processing in visual word recognition?

Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Neurolinguistics, Volume 49Author(s): Lars Kuchinke, Christina J. MuellerAbstractPrevious ERP research revealed emotion effects on visual word processing in early time windows (P1) and during later evaluative processing (LPC). In both time windows interactions with word familiarity measures have been reported.Using an evaluative conditioning paradigm participants learned to associate meaningless pseudowords with neutral or negative valence. In addition, one set of pseudowords was learned three times as often as the others in order to manipulate familiarity.Behavioral results confirmed that evaluative conditioning was effective. Small effects of emotion on P1 and of overall conditioning on the LPC were visible, while familiarity only modulat...

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Effects of Peer Support Interventions on the Communication of Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670670Many young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulty in the development of communication skills. Teaching peers to make use of communication support behaviors has been investigated as a strategy to increase communication for young children with ASD in early childhood settings. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine (1) the overall effects of peer support interventions on the communication of young children with ASD and (2) any possible moderating variables related to participant and intervention characteristics. The social support model was used as a framework for the study of intervention components. Eighteen single-case experimental design studies (48 children with ASD) met the inclusion criteria and we...

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A Closed-form Solution to the Graph Total Variation Problem for Continuous Emotion Profiling in Noisy Environment

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Speech CommunicationAuthor(s): Shaoling Jing, Xia Mao, Lijiang Chen, Maria Colomba Comes, Arianna Mencattini, Grazia Raguso, Fabien Ringeval, Björn Schuller, Corrado Di Natale, Eugenio MartinelliAbstractTime-continuous emotion estimation (e. g., arousal and valence) from spontaneous speech expressions has recently drawn increasing commercial attention. However, real-life applications of emotion recognition technology require challenging conditions, such as noise from recording devices and background environments. In this work, we introduce a novel personalized emotion prediction model validated in different noisy environments. It is performed by a three-level noise reduction algorithm: (i) data downsampling, (ii) feature synchro...

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Editorial Board

Publication date: November 2018Source: Language & Communication, Volume 63Author(s): (Source: Language and Communication)

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Are there similarities between emotional and familiarity-based processing in visual word recognition?

Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Neurolinguistics, Volume 49Author(s): Lars Kuchinke, Christina J. MuellerAbstractPrevious ERP research revealed emotion effects on visual word processing in early time windows (P1) and during later evaluative processing (LPC). In both time windows interactions with word familiarity measures have been reported.Using an evaluative conditioning paradigm participants learned to associate meaningless pseudowords with neutral or negative valence. In addition, one set of pseudowords was learned three times as often as the others in order to manipulate familiarity.Behavioral results confirmed that evaluative conditioning was effective. Small effects of emotion on P1 and of overall conditioning on the LPC were visible, while familiarity only modulat...

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Effects of Peer Support Interventions on the Communication of Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670670Many young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulty in the development of communication skills. Teaching peers to make use of communication support behaviors has been investigated as a strategy to increase communication for young children with ASD in early childhood settings. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine (1) the overall effects of peer support interventions on the communication of young children with ASD and (2) any possible moderating variables related to participant and intervention characteristics. The social support model was used as a framework for the study of intervention components. Eighteen single-case experimental design studies (48 children with ASD) met the inclusion criteria and we...

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Your Cancer Highlight: Galectin Surprises With Early-Stage Collaborative Data

Your Cancer Highlight: Galectin Surprises With Early-Stage Collaborative Data  Seeking AlphaGalectin's GR-MD-02 Positive in Phase Ib Study With Keytruda  Zacks.comFull coverage

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Your Cancer Highlight: Galectin Surprises With Early-Stage Collaborative Data

Your Cancer Highlight: Galectin Surprises With Early-Stage Collaborative Data  Seeking AlphaGalectin's GR-MD-02 Positive in Phase Ib Study With Keytruda  Zacks.comFull coverage

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The oral microbiome in oral lichen planus during a 1 ‐year randomized clinical trial

Oral Diseases, EarlyView. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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Cannabis and periodontal harm: how convincing is the association?

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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The oral microbiome in oral lichen planus during a 1 ‐year randomized clinical trial

Oral Diseases, EarlyView. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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Cannabis and periodontal harm: how convincing is the association?

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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An exploratory look at comorbidities, utilization, and quality of care among obese and nonobese children in academic family medicine practice

ConclusionThis study used readily available electronic health record data to highlight comorbidities that are more common among obese pediatric patients in academic family medicine practice, thus providing information that could potentially facilitate more timely screening and intervention. (Source: International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine)

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Editorial Board

Publication date: June 2018Source: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Volume 58Author(s): (Source: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)

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Biosimilars: Exploring the History, Science, and Progress.

This article also aims to describe the patient and clinician barriers to biosimilars use and the progress that has been achieved since the first biosimilar approval in Europe in 2006 and in the United States in 2015. METHODS: A literature search was conducted to retrieve articles that are highly relevant to the history of biosimilars development and regulatory pathways in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Canada. Patient and clinician perspectives on safety issues and concerns regarding immunogenicity and bioequivalence that limit use of biosimilars are also included. FINDINGS: Patient and provider concerns regarding immunologic patient safety issues, such as immunogenicity, lack of comparability, and low biosimilarity, still exist. The clinical safety, efficacy, and tolerabilit...

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A Case With Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Remarkably Sensitive to Heat

We present the case of an 18-year-old boy with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia, who had remarkable sensitivity to heat. Moreover, the patient showed clinical impairment in the last year. For this reason, we excluded the immunologic or infectious nature (malaria, babesia), which may play a role in the worsening of anemia. Red blood cell enzyme assay showed the presence of a significant increase in other enzyme activities, except for PK, suggesting a PK deficiency in the patient. The molecular analysis of the PK-LR gene revealed the presence of a novel homozygote missense mutation (c.581G>C, p.Arg194Pro). The mutant enzyme displayed heat instability. In addition, we analyzed bilirubin uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 gene that revealed a heterozygous state ([TA]6...

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An exploratory look at comorbidities, utilization, and quality of care among obese and nonobese children in academic family medicine practice

ConclusionThis study used readily available electronic health record data to highlight comorbidities that are more common among obese pediatric patients in academic family medicine practice, thus providing information that could potentially facilitate more timely screening and intervention. (Source: International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine)

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Editorial Board

Publication date: June 2018Source: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Volume 58Author(s): (Source: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)

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Biosimilars: Exploring the History, Science, and Progress.

This article also aims to describe the patient and clinician barriers to biosimilars use and the progress that has been achieved since the first biosimilar approval in Europe in 2006 and in the United States in 2015. METHODS: A literature search was conducted to retrieve articles that are highly relevant to the history of biosimilars development and regulatory pathways in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Canada. Patient and clinician perspectives on safety issues and concerns regarding immunogenicity and bioequivalence that limit use of biosimilars are also included. FINDINGS: Patient and provider concerns regarding immunologic patient safety issues, such as immunogenicity, lack of comparability, and low biosimilarity, still exist. The clinical safety, efficacy, and tolerabilit...

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A Case With Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Remarkably Sensitive to Heat

We present the case of an 18-year-old boy with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia, who had remarkable sensitivity to heat. Moreover, the patient showed clinical impairment in the last year. For this reason, we excluded the immunologic or infectious nature (malaria, babesia), which may play a role in the worsening of anemia. Red blood cell enzyme assay showed the presence of a significant increase in other enzyme activities, except for PK, suggesting a PK deficiency in the patient. The molecular analysis of the PK-LR gene revealed the presence of a novel homozygote missense mutation (c.581G>C, p.Arg194Pro). The mutant enzyme displayed heat instability. In addition, we analyzed bilirubin uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 gene that revealed a heterozygous state ([TA]6...

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Cyclic fatigue of Reciproc Blue and Reciproc instruments exposed to intracanal temperature in simulated severe apical curvature

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc and Reciproc Blue by testing in a severe apical curvature at intracanal temperature.

Materials and methods

Eighteen Reciproc R25 (25.08) and Reciproc Blue (25.08) instruments were tested in a cyclic fatigue device at body temperature (37 °C) using a stainless steel block with an artificial canal with a curvature angle of 90° and radius of curvature of 2 mm. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated. The instruments were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The data were analyzed using both Student's t tests and Weibull analysis.

Results

The NCF values of Reciproc R25 were significantly lower than Reciproc Blue R25 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the instruments regarding the length of fractured fragments (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Reciproc Blue R25 instruments displayed significantly higher NCF than Reciproc R25.

Clinical relevance

This study reported that novel reciprocating blue wire instruments exhibited higher cyclic fatigue resistance than its precedence M-wire instrument when tested in severely curvatured canals.

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Cyclic fatigue of Reciproc Blue and Reciproc instruments exposed to intracanal temperature in simulated severe apical curvature

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc and Reciproc Blue by testing in a severe apical curvature at intracanal temperature.

Materials and methods

Eighteen Reciproc R25 (25.08) and Reciproc Blue (25.08) instruments were tested in a cyclic fatigue device at body temperature (37 °C) using a stainless steel block with an artificial canal with a curvature angle of 90° and radius of curvature of 2 mm. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated. The instruments were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The data were analyzed using both Student's t tests and Weibull analysis.

Results

The NCF values of Reciproc R25 were significantly lower than Reciproc Blue R25 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the instruments regarding the length of fractured fragments (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Reciproc Blue R25 instruments displayed significantly higher NCF than Reciproc R25.

Clinical relevance

This study reported that novel reciprocating blue wire instruments exhibited higher cyclic fatigue resistance than its precedence M-wire instrument when tested in severely curvatured canals.

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Male Sex Ups Mortality Risk in BRAF V600E Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Male Sex Ups Mortality Risk in BRAF V600E Papillary Thyroid Cancer  Cancer NetworkFull coverage

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Male Sex Ups Mortality Risk in BRAF V600E Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Male Sex Ups Mortality Risk in BRAF V600E Papillary Thyroid Cancer  Cancer NetworkFull coverage

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Mesothelioma Survival Has Changed Little in Two Decades in Canada

Mesothelioma Survival Has Changed Little in Two Decades in Canada  Surviving MesotheliomaFull coverage

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Mesothelioma Survival Has Changed Little in Two Decades in Canada

Mesothelioma Survival Has Changed Little in Two Decades in Canada  Surviving MesotheliomaFull coverage

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Curcumin ameliorates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient asthmatic mice by regulating the balance of Th2/Treg cells

ConclusionCurcumin ameliorated the aggravation of atherosclerotic lesions and stabilised plaque by modulating the balance of Th2/Tregs in asthmatic apoE−/− mice.Graphical abstract (Source: Phytomedicine)

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Curcumin ameliorates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient asthmatic mice by regulating the balance of Th2/Treg cells

ConclusionCurcumin ameliorated the aggravation of atherosclerotic lesions and stabilised plaque by modulating the balance of Th2/Tregs in asthmatic apoE−/− mice.Graphical abstract (Source: Phytomedicine)

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PD-1 blockade enhances radio-immunotherapy efficacy in murine tumor models

ConclusionsThese results suggest that this triple therapy promotes a local antitumor immune response with systemic consequences. The efficacy and limited toxicity of this strategy are attractive for clinical translation. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology)

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PD-1 blockade enhances radio-immunotherapy efficacy in murine tumor models

ConclusionsThese results suggest that this triple therapy promotes a local antitumor immune response with systemic consequences. The efficacy and limited toxicity of this strategy are attractive for clinical translation. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology)

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Immunological and classical subtypes of oral premalignant lesions

. (Source: OncoImmunology)

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Immunological and classical subtypes of oral premalignant lesions

. (Source: OncoImmunology)

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Different Upper Airway Microbiome and Their Functional Genes Associated with Asthma in Young Adults and Elderly Individuals

Allergy, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


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Different Upper Airway Microbiome and Their Functional Genes Associated with Asthma in Young Adults and Elderly Individuals

Allergy, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


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Rostrum: Latex Allergy Risks Live On

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Kim Liberatore, Kevin J. KellyReduction in the prevalence of IgE-mediated allergy to latex proteins from gloves in patients may lead to lax attention by health care personnel to avoid use of latex products in latex-allergic subjects. Recent evidence from the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System shows an alarming continuation of adverse events mostly from latex urinary catheters. We are strongly advocating that health care personnel must continue to pay close attention to avoidance of latex in patients with a history of latex allergy. (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)

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Is “Yellow Zone” Management Effective in Reducing Asthma Flares in Children?

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Javen Wunschel, Bharat Kumar (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)

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Rostrum: Latex Allergy Risks Live On

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Kim Liberatore, Kevin J. KellyReduction in the prevalence of IgE-mediated allergy to latex proteins from gloves in patients may lead to lax attention by health care personnel to avoid use of latex products in latex-allergic subjects. Recent evidence from the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System shows an alarming continuation of adverse events mostly from latex urinary catheters. We are strongly advocating that health care personnel must continue to pay close attention to avoidance of latex in patients with a history of latex allergy. (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)

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The role of mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Publication date: November 2018Source: Molecular Immunology, Volume 103Author(s): Qiuyun Liu, Danyan Zhang, Diyu Hu, Xiangmei Zhou, Yang ZhouAbstractThe NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein platform which is activated upon cellular infection or stress. Its activation leads to caspase-1-dependent secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and an inflammatory form of cell death termed as pyroptosis. Recent studies have unveiled the pivotal roles of mitochondria in initiation and regulation of the NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome. NLRP3 activators induce mitochondrial destabilization, NLRP3 deubiquitination, linear ubiquitination of ASC, and externalization or release of mitoch...

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Is “Yellow Zone” Management Effective in Reducing Asthma Flares in Children?

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Javen Wunschel, Bharat Kumar (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)

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Characterization of cDNA clones encoding major histocompatibility class II receptors from walleye (Sander vitreus)

In this study, we cloned and characterized the sequences encoding walleye MH class II α and β chains. These sequences contained all of the domains typical for functional MH class II α and β chain proteins, and aligned with other teleost sequences of MH class II. The walleye MH class II α amino acid sequence, along with other members of the Supraorder Percomorpharia, contains a high concentration of methionine residues in the beginning of the leader peptide. Southern blotting indicated that there is more than one gene copy for both MH class II α and β, while northern blotting analysis of both genes showed that expression of these genes is greatest in lymphoid tissues and at potential entry points for pathogens. These results help to further the understanding of MH class II receptors ...

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The role of mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Publication date: November 2018Source: Molecular Immunology, Volume 103Author(s): Qiuyun Liu, Danyan Zhang, Diyu Hu, Xiangmei Zhou, Yang ZhouAbstractThe NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein platform which is activated upon cellular infection or stress. Its activation leads to caspase-1-dependent secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and an inflammatory form of cell death termed as pyroptosis. Recent studies have unveiled the pivotal roles of mitochondria in initiation and regulation of the NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome. NLRP3 activators induce mitochondrial destabilization, NLRP3 deubiquitination, linear ubiquitination of ASC, and externalization or release of mitoch...

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Aberrant IL ‐35 levels in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology)

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Characterization of cDNA clones encoding major histocompatibility class II receptors from walleye (Sander vitreus)

In this study, we cloned and characterized the sequences encoding walleye MH class II α and β chains. These sequences contained all of the domains typical for functional MH class II α and β chain proteins, and aligned with other teleost sequences of MH class II. The walleye MH class II α amino acid sequence, along with other members of the Supraorder Percomorpharia, contains a high concentration of methionine residues in the beginning of the leader peptide. Southern blotting indicated that there is more than one gene copy for both MH class II α and β, while northern blotting analysis of both genes showed that expression of these genes is greatest in lymphoid tissues and at potential entry points for pathogens. These results help to further the understanding of MH class II receptors ...

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Influenza vaccination and the ‘diversity paradox’

. (Source: Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics)

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Aberrant IL ‐35 levels in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology)

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Relative abundance of nasal microbiota in chronic rhinosinusitis by structured histopathology

International Forum of Allergy&Rhinology, EarlyView. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)

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Influenza vaccination and the ‘diversity paradox’

. (Source: Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics)

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Applications of mechanistic modelling to clinical and experimental immunology: an emerging technology to accelerate immunotherapeutic discovery and development

Clinical&Experimental Immunology,Volume 193, Issue 3, Page 284-292, September 2018. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology)

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Relative abundance of nasal microbiota in chronic rhinosinusitis by structured histopathology

International Forum of Allergy&Rhinology, EarlyView. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)

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Issue Information

Clinical&Experimental Immunology,Volume 193, Issue 3, September 2018. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology)

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Applications of mechanistic modelling to clinical and experimental immunology: an emerging technology to accelerate immunotherapeutic discovery and development

Clinical&Experimental Immunology,Volume 193, Issue 3, Page 284-292, September 2018. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology)

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Issue Information

Clinical&Experimental Immunology,Volume 193, Issue 3, September 2018. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology)

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Anesthesia Safety in Otolaryngology

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

Author(s): Andrew T. Waberski, Alexandra G. Espinel, Srijaya K. Reddy

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Simulation Saves the Day (and Patient)

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

Author(s): Ellen S. Deutsch, Mary D. Patterson

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Patient Safety and Quality for Office-Based Procedures in Otolaryngology

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

Author(s): Prerak D. Shah

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Anesthesia Safety in Otolaryngology

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

Author(s): Andrew T. Waberski, Alexandra G. Espinel, Srijaya K. Reddy

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Simulation Saves the Day (and Patient)

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

Author(s): Ellen S. Deutsch, Mary D. Patterson

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Patient Safety and Quality for Office-Based Procedures in Otolaryngology

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

Author(s): Prerak D. Shah

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The mucous cyst, a rare and delayed complication after rhinoplasty

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique

Author(s): M. Atanasiu, A. Paré, J.D. Kun-Darbois, D. Goga, B. Croisé

Summary

Introduction

Rhinoplasty is frequently performed worldwide, and patients and surgeons both expect good cosmetic results without any deformity recurrence. We report a rare case of mucous cyst occurred after post-traumatic rhinoseptoplasty.

Observation

A 27-year old woman presented a median mass of the nose root 7 years after prior rhinoseptoplasty. Investigations showed a subcutaneous lesion of 10.5 × 24.5 mm. The surgery consisted on an external rhinoplasty allowing cyst removal, bilateral osteotomies and reconstruction of the nasal dorsum by deep temporal fascia graft. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of begnin mucous cyst. No recurrence was observed at 1-year follow-up.

Discussion

Mucous cyst post rhinoplasty is rare and is probably due to accidental mucosal material implantation into the subcutaneous plane during rhinoplasty. This complication can be avoided by adequate infiltration and hydrodissection, careful dissection, and avoidance of unnecessary trauma during osteotomies.

Résumé

Introduction

La rhinoplastie est une chirurgie fréquemment réalisée dans le monde. Patients et chirurgiens en attendent un résultat esthétique sans séquelles. Nous reportons le cas rare d'un kyste mucoïde survenu après une rhinoseptoplastie post traumatique.

Observation

Une femme de 27 ans a présenté une masse médiane du dorsum nasal 7 ans après une rhinoseptoplastie préalable. L'imagerie a montré une lésion sous-cutanée de 10,5 mm × 24,5 mm. La chirurgie a consisté en une rhinoplastie par voie externe permettant l'exérèse complète du kyste, des ostéotomies bilatérales et une reconstruction du dorsum nasal par une greffe de fascia temporal profond. L'analyse histologique a confirmé le diagnostic de kyste mucoïde bénin. Aucun signe de récidive n'a été observé après 1 an de suivi.

Discussion

Le kyste mucoïde post rhinoplastie est rare et probablement dû à l'implantation accidentelle de matériel muqueux dans le plan sous-cutané lors de la rhinoplastie. Cette complication peut être évitée par une infiltration adéquate et une hydrodissection, une dissection soigneuse et par l'absence de traumatisme inutile lors des ostéotomies.

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The mucous cyst, a rare and delayed complication after rhinoplasty

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique

Author(s): M. Atanasiu, A. Paré, J.D. Kun-Darbois, D. Goga, B. Croisé

Summary

Introduction

Rhinoplasty is frequently performed worldwide, and patients and surgeons both expect good cosmetic results without any deformity recurrence. We report a rare case of mucous cyst occurred after post-traumatic rhinoseptoplasty.

Observation

A 27-year old woman presented a median mass of the nose root 7 years after prior rhinoseptoplasty. Investigations showed a subcutaneous lesion of 10.5 × 24.5 mm. The surgery consisted on an external rhinoplasty allowing cyst removal, bilateral osteotomies and reconstruction of the nasal dorsum by deep temporal fascia graft. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of begnin mucous cyst. No recurrence was observed at 1-year follow-up.

Discussion

Mucous cyst post rhinoplasty is rare and is probably due to accidental mucosal material implantation into the subcutaneous plane during rhinoplasty. This complication can be avoided by adequate infiltration and hydrodissection, careful dissection, and avoidance of unnecessary trauma during osteotomies.

Résumé

Introduction

La rhinoplastie est une chirurgie fréquemment réalisée dans le monde. Patients et chirurgiens en attendent un résultat esthétique sans séquelles. Nous reportons le cas rare d'un kyste mucoïde survenu après une rhinoseptoplastie post traumatique.

Observation

Une femme de 27 ans a présenté une masse médiane du dorsum nasal 7 ans après une rhinoseptoplastie préalable. L'imagerie a montré une lésion sous-cutanée de 10,5 mm × 24,5 mm. La chirurgie a consisté en une rhinoplastie par voie externe permettant l'exérèse complète du kyste, des ostéotomies bilatérales et une reconstruction du dorsum nasal par une greffe de fascia temporal profond. L'analyse histologique a confirmé le diagnostic de kyste mucoïde bénin. Aucun signe de récidive n'a été observé après 1 an de suivi.

Discussion

Le kyste mucoïde post rhinoplastie est rare et probablement dû à l'implantation accidentelle de matériel muqueux dans le plan sous-cutané lors de la rhinoplastie. Cette complication peut être évitée par une infiltration adéquate et une hydrodissection, une dissection soigneuse et par l'absence de traumatisme inutile lors des ostéotomies.

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Investment in drinking identity is associated with alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Addictive Behaviors

Author(s): Andrew W. Hertel, Kirsten P. Peterson, Kristen P. Lindgren

Abstract

Problematic alcohol consumption is elevated among those who identify (i.e., associate themselves) with drinking. We extend prior research on drinking identity by considering two dimensions of investment in identity – i.e., mental resources allocated to that identity that may motivate the pursuit of identity-related goals. We consider drinking identity importance (i.e., how important one considers it to be) and drinking identity thought frequency (i.e., how frequently one thinks about it). We investigated these dimensions from two perspectives: an absolute perspective (i.e., investment in drinking identity irrespective of other identities) and a relative perspective (i.e., investment in drinking identity compared to identities associated with other life domains [education, well-being, and personal relationships]). We aimed to evaluate whether these investment dimensions were positively associated with alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder either in interaction with or in addition to endorsement of drinking identity. College students (N = 521) who were screened for exhibiting hazardous drinking completed self-report measures of alcohol consumption, risk of alcohol use disorder, and drinking identity endorsement and investment. Controlling for gender and drinking identity endorsement, absolute and relative drinking identity thought frequency were uniquely and positively associated with alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder. Neither absolute nor relative importance of identification with drinking uniquely predicted outcomes. Drinking identity investment, as signaled by absolute and relative frequency of thought related to identification with drinking, may be an additional risk factor and/or clinical target for alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder.

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Investment in drinking identity is associated with alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Addictive Behaviors

Author(s): Andrew W. Hertel, Kirsten P. Peterson, Kristen P. Lindgren

Abstract

Problematic alcohol consumption is elevated among those who identify (i.e., associate themselves) with drinking. We extend prior research on drinking identity by considering two dimensions of investment in identity – i.e., mental resources allocated to that identity that may motivate the pursuit of identity-related goals. We consider drinking identity importance (i.e., how important one considers it to be) and drinking identity thought frequency (i.e., how frequently one thinks about it). We investigated these dimensions from two perspectives: an absolute perspective (i.e., investment in drinking identity irrespective of other identities) and a relative perspective (i.e., investment in drinking identity compared to identities associated with other life domains [education, well-being, and personal relationships]). We aimed to evaluate whether these investment dimensions were positively associated with alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder either in interaction with or in addition to endorsement of drinking identity. College students (N = 521) who were screened for exhibiting hazardous drinking completed self-report measures of alcohol consumption, risk of alcohol use disorder, and drinking identity endorsement and investment. Controlling for gender and drinking identity endorsement, absolute and relative drinking identity thought frequency were uniquely and positively associated with alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder. Neither absolute nor relative importance of identification with drinking uniquely predicted outcomes. Drinking identity investment, as signaled by absolute and relative frequency of thought related to identification with drinking, may be an additional risk factor and/or clinical target for alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol use disorder.

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Targeting Cysteinyl-Leukotrienes in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Ana Carolina Araújo, Xiao Tang, Jesper Z. HaeggströmAbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an asymptomatic dilatation of the vessel wall exceeding the normal vessel diameter by 50%, accompanied by intramural thrombus formation. Since the aneurysm can rupture, AAA is a life-threatening vascular disease, which may be amenable to surgical repair. At present, no pharmacological therapy for AAA is available. The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism leads to biosynthesis of leukotrienes (LTs), potent lipid mediators with pro-inflammatory biological actions. Among the LTs, cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cys-LT) are well-recognized signaling molecules in human asthma...

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Targeting Cysteinyl-Leukotrienes in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Ana Carolina Araújo, Xiao Tang, Jesper Z. HaeggströmAbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an asymptomatic dilatation of the vessel wall exceeding the normal vessel diameter by 50%, accompanied by intramural thrombus formation. Since the aneurysm can rupture, AAA is a life-threatening vascular disease, which may be amenable to surgical repair. At present, no pharmacological therapy for AAA is available. The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism leads to biosynthesis of leukotrienes (LTs), potent lipid mediators with pro-inflammatory biological actions. Among the LTs, cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cys-LT) are well-recognized signaling molecules in human asthma...

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Effects of propofol/remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia versus sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia on the release of VEGF-C and TGF-β and prognosis after breast cancer surgery: a prospective, randomized and controlled study

Abstract

Background

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) have been involved in tumor growth and metastasis. Sevoflurane may promote angiogenesis, whereas propofol can present an anti-angiogenic effect. In this study, we compared the effects of propofol/remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia on the release of VEGF-C and TGF-β, as well as recurrence- free survival (RFS) rates in the patients undergoing breast cancer surgery.

Methods

Eighty female patients undergoing breast cancer resection were enrolled and randomized to receive either sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia (SEV group) or propofol/remifentanil-based TIVA (TIVA group). The serum concentrations of VEGF-C and TGF-β before and 24 h after surgery were measured and RFS rates over a two-year follow-up were analyzed in both groups. The postoperative pain scores assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the use of perioperative opioids were also evaluated.

Results

Although VAS scores at 2 h and 24 h after surgery were comparable between the two groups, there were more patients receiving postoperative fentanyl in the TIVA group (16[40%]) compared with the SEV group (6[15%], p = 0.023). VEGF-C serum concentrations increased after surgery from 105 (87–193) pg/ml to174 (111–281) pg/ml in the SEV group (P = 0.009), but remained almost unchanged in the TIVA group with 134 (80–205) pg/ml vs.140(92–250) pg/ml(P = 0.402). The preoperative to postoperative change for VEGF-C of the SEV group (50 pg/ml) was significantly higher than that of the TIVA group (12 pg/ml) with a difference of 46 (− 11–113) pg/ml (P = 0.008). There were also no significant differences in the preoperative and postoperative TGF-β concentrations between the two groups. The two-year RFS rates were 78% and 95% in the SEV and TIVA groups (P = 0.221), respectively.

Conclusion

In comparison with sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia, propofol/remifentanil -based total intravenous anesthesia can effectively inhibit the release of VEGF-C induced by breast surgery, but didn't seem to be beneficial in the short-term recurrence rate of breast cancer.

Trial registration

Chictr.org.cn ChiCTR1800017910. Retrospectively Registered (Date of registration: August 20, 2018).

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Effects of propofol/remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia versus sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia on the release of VEGF-C and TGF-β and prognosis after breast cancer surgery: a prospective, randomized and controlled study

Abstract

Background

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) have been involved in tumor growth and metastasis. Sevoflurane may promote angiogenesis, whereas propofol can present an anti-angiogenic effect. In this study, we compared the effects of propofol/remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia on the release of VEGF-C and TGF-β, as well as recurrence- free survival (RFS) rates in the patients undergoing breast cancer surgery.

Methods

Eighty female patients undergoing breast cancer resection were enrolled and randomized to receive either sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia (SEV group) or propofol/remifentanil-based TIVA (TIVA group). The serum concentrations of VEGF-C and TGF-β before and 24 h after surgery were measured and RFS rates over a two-year follow-up were analyzed in both groups. The postoperative pain scores assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the use of perioperative opioids were also evaluated.

Results

Although VAS scores at 2 h and 24 h after surgery were comparable between the two groups, there were more patients receiving postoperative fentanyl in the TIVA group (16[40%]) compared with the SEV group (6[15%], p = 0.023). VEGF-C serum concentrations increased after surgery from 105 (87–193) pg/ml to174 (111–281) pg/ml in the SEV group (P = 0.009), but remained almost unchanged in the TIVA group with 134 (80–205) pg/ml vs.140(92–250) pg/ml(P = 0.402). The preoperative to postoperative change for VEGF-C of the SEV group (50 pg/ml) was significantly higher than that of the TIVA group (12 pg/ml) with a difference of 46 (− 11–113) pg/ml (P = 0.008). There were also no significant differences in the preoperative and postoperative TGF-β concentrations between the two groups. The two-year RFS rates were 78% and 95% in the SEV and TIVA groups (P = 0.221), respectively.

Conclusion

In comparison with sevoflurane-based inhalational anesthesia, propofol/remifentanil -based total intravenous anesthesia can effectively inhibit the release of VEGF-C induced by breast surgery, but didn't seem to be beneficial in the short-term recurrence rate of breast cancer.

Trial registration

Chictr.org.cn ChiCTR1800017910. Retrospectively Registered (Date of registration: August 20, 2018).

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Global Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drug Market into Companies Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and ...

Global Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drug Market into Companies Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and ...  RBTE ReportGlobal Thyroid Cancer Treatment Market Business Development, Market Size, Trends and Forecast 2025 : Leading ...  Daily Industry ReportsAnaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drug Market 2018 Top Key Players, Driver, Outlook, Growth, Supply, Demand, Analysis and ...  advertisingmarket24.comFull coverage

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Evaluation of an Online Education Resource on Radiation Therapy Created for Patients with Postprostatectomy Prostate Cancer and Their Caregivers

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

Author(s): Katija Bonin, Merrylee McGuffin, Eli Lechtman, Aaron Cumal, Tamara Harth, Eirena Calabrese, Deb Feldman-Stewart, Julie Burnett, Janet Ellis, Lisa Di Prospero, Ewa Szumacher

Abstract

Introduction

Radiation therapy (RT) after prostatectomy is an important curative treatment option for patients with prostate cancer. It can be delivered immediately after surgery as adjuvant treatment, or after biochemical PSA failure as salvage treatment. There is currently a lack of consensus regarding whether salvage RT in the event of biochemical failure or immediate adjuvant RT is the optimal postprostatectomy RT treatment. Although both types of postprostatectomy RT are generally well tolerated, patients may develop some toxicity that can impact their quality of life and the duration and frequency of treatments can be challenging for patients. It is imperative that patients be provided with evidence-based information so that they are able to make a treatment decision most aligned with their values.

Methods

To help address patients' informational needs, an online education resource was created for patients with prostate cancer considering postoperative RT. Patients and their families were asked to evaluate the effectiveness of this resource using a validated purpose-based information assessment.

Results

Nineteen patients were approached and 14 participated, but only five patients returned their evaluations (35%). Sixty percent found the information to be important with regards to each of the six commonly identified purposes in the purpose-based information assessment: organizing, understanding, decision-making, planning, emotional support, and discussing. Only one participant found the information hard to understand and had difficulty finding specific information.

Discussion

Patients should be encouraged to actively participate in their treatment decision-making process involving postprostatectomy RT. For patients to make well-informed decisions, patients must be provided with clear and accessible information so that they may understand their disease and the treatment options.

Conclusion

An online education resource has been developed that most study respondents found clear and helpful for a variety of identified purposes. Overall, this online education resource has the potential to reach a large number of patients and their caregivers who desire specific information and involvement in future treatment decisions.

Résumé

Introduction et contexte

La radiothérapie (RT) qui suit une prostatectomie est une option de traitement curatif importante pour les patients atteints du cancer de la prostate. Elle peut être administrée immédiatement après l'intervention chirurgicale en tant que traitement adjuvant ou comme traitement de sauvetage après un échec sur le plan biochimique selon le taux d'antigène prostatique spécifique (APS). Il n'y a pas de consensus actuel quant au meilleur traitement de radiothérapie à administrer après une prostatectomie, qu'il s'agisse d'une RT comme traitement de sauvetage en cas d'échec biochimique ou d'une RT immédiate comme traitement adjuvant. Même si les deux sortes de RT sont généralement bien tolérées après une prostatectomie, certains patients pourraient ressentir des effets toxiques pouvant nuire à leur qualité de vie. De plus, la durée et la fréquence des traitements peuvent être problématiques pour les patients. Il est important de fournir à ces derniers des conseils fondés sur des données probantes pour leur permettre de prendre des décisions conformes à leurs valeurs.

Méthodologie

Afin de répondre à leurs besoins d'information, nous avons créé une ressource éducative électronique pour les patients atteints du cancer de la prostate qui envisageaient de recevoir une RT après leur intervention chirurgicale. Nous avons demandé aux patients et à leur famille d'évaluer l'efficacité de cette ressource à l'aide d'une évaluation axée sur l'utilisation de l'information. Résultats: nous avons demandé à 19 patients de participer; 14 l'ont fait, mais il n'y a que cinq personnes qui aient remis leur évaluation (35%). Soixante pour cent des participants ont indiqué qu'ils croyaient que l'information était importante d'après les six utilisations cernées dans l'évaluation: organisation, compréhension, prise de décision, planification, soutien affectif et discussion. Il n'y a qu'un seul participant qui ait indiqué que l'information était difficile à comprendre et qu'il avait eu de la difficulté à repérer des renseignements précis.

Discussion

On devrait encourager les patients à participer activement au processus de prise de décision lorsqu'il est question d'administrer une RT après une prostatectomie. Pour être en mesure de prendre une décision éclairée, les patients doivent avoir accès à des renseignements clairs, et ce, afin de mieux comprendre la maladie dont ils sont atteints et les choix de traitement connexes.

Conclusion

Nous avons créé une ressource éducative électronique que la majorité des répondants trouvait claire et utile pour les utilisations cernées. De façon générale, cette ressource éducative électronique pourrait nous permettre de communiquer avec de nombreux patients et soignants qui aimeraient obtenir des renseignements précis sur les traitements et participer aux futures prises de décision.

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Global Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drug Market into Companies Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and ...

Global Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drug Market into Companies Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and ...  RBTE ReportGlobal Thyroid Cancer Treatment Market Business Development, Market Size, Trends and Forecast 2025 : Leading ...  Daily Industry ReportsAnaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drug Market 2018 Top Key Players, Driver, Outlook, Growth, Supply, Demand, Analysis and ...  advertisingmarket24.comFull coverage

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Advancing Radiation Therapy Practice by Elevating Research

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

Author(s): Nicole Harnett, Grace Lee

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OGtHEA

Evaluation of an Online Education Resource on Radiation Therapy Created for Patients with Postprostatectomy Prostate Cancer and Their Caregivers

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

Author(s): Katija Bonin, Merrylee McGuffin, Eli Lechtman, Aaron Cumal, Tamara Harth, Eirena Calabrese, Deb Feldman-Stewart, Julie Burnett, Janet Ellis, Lisa Di Prospero, Ewa Szumacher

Abstract

Introduction

Radiation therapy (RT) after prostatectomy is an important curative treatment option for patients with prostate cancer. It can be delivered immediately after surgery as adjuvant treatment, or after biochemical PSA failure as salvage treatment. There is currently a lack of consensus regarding whether salvage RT in the event of biochemical failure or immediate adjuvant RT is the optimal postprostatectomy RT treatment. Although both types of postprostatectomy RT are generally well tolerated, patients may develop some toxicity that can impact their quality of life and the duration and frequency of treatments can be challenging for patients. It is imperative that patients be provided with evidence-based information so that they are able to make a treatment decision most aligned with their values.

Methods

To help address patients' informational needs, an online education resource was created for patients with prostate cancer considering postoperative RT. Patients and their families were asked to evaluate the effectiveness of this resource using a validated purpose-based information assessment.

Results

Nineteen patients were approached and 14 participated, but only five patients returned their evaluations (35%). Sixty percent found the information to be important with regards to each of the six commonly identified purposes in the purpose-based information assessment: organizing, understanding, decision-making, planning, emotional support, and discussing. Only one participant found the information hard to understand and had difficulty finding specific information.

Discussion

Patients should be encouraged to actively participate in their treatment decision-making process involving postprostatectomy RT. For patients to make well-informed decisions, patients must be provided with clear and accessible information so that they may understand their disease and the treatment options.

Conclusion

An online education resource has been developed that most study respondents found clear and helpful for a variety of identified purposes. Overall, this online education resource has the potential to reach a large number of patients and their caregivers who desire specific information and involvement in future treatment decisions.

Résumé

Introduction et contexte

La radiothérapie (RT) qui suit une prostatectomie est une option de traitement curatif importante pour les patients atteints du cancer de la prostate. Elle peut être administrée immédiatement après l'intervention chirurgicale en tant que traitement adjuvant ou comme traitement de sauvetage après un échec sur le plan biochimique selon le taux d'antigène prostatique spécifique (APS). Il n'y a pas de consensus actuel quant au meilleur traitement de radiothérapie à administrer après une prostatectomie, qu'il s'agisse d'une RT comme traitement de sauvetage en cas d'échec biochimique ou d'une RT immédiate comme traitement adjuvant. Même si les deux sortes de RT sont généralement bien tolérées après une prostatectomie, certains patients pourraient ressentir des effets toxiques pouvant nuire à leur qualité de vie. De plus, la durée et la fréquence des traitements peuvent être problématiques pour les patients. Il est important de fournir à ces derniers des conseils fondés sur des données probantes pour leur permettre de prendre des décisions conformes à leurs valeurs.

Méthodologie

Afin de répondre à leurs besoins d'information, nous avons créé une ressource éducative électronique pour les patients atteints du cancer de la prostate qui envisageaient de recevoir une RT après leur intervention chirurgicale. Nous avons demandé aux patients et à leur famille d'évaluer l'efficacité de cette ressource à l'aide d'une évaluation axée sur l'utilisation de l'information. Résultats: nous avons demandé à 19 patients de participer; 14 l'ont fait, mais il n'y a que cinq personnes qui aient remis leur évaluation (35%). Soixante pour cent des participants ont indiqué qu'ils croyaient que l'information était importante d'après les six utilisations cernées dans l'évaluation: organisation, compréhension, prise de décision, planification, soutien affectif et discussion. Il n'y a qu'un seul participant qui ait indiqué que l'information était difficile à comprendre et qu'il avait eu de la difficulté à repérer des renseignements précis.

Discussion

On devrait encourager les patients à participer activement au processus de prise de décision lorsqu'il est question d'administrer une RT après une prostatectomie. Pour être en mesure de prendre une décision éclairée, les patients doivent avoir accès à des renseignements clairs, et ce, afin de mieux comprendre la maladie dont ils sont atteints et les choix de traitement connexes.

Conclusion

Nous avons créé une ressource éducative électronique que la majorité des répondants trouvait claire et utile pour les utilisations cernées. De façon générale, cette ressource éducative électronique pourrait nous permettre de communiquer avec de nombreux patients et soignants qui aimeraient obtenir des renseignements précis sur les traitements et participer aux futures prises de décision.

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Advancing Radiation Therapy Practice by Elevating Research

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

Author(s): Nicole Harnett, Grace Lee

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OGtHEA

Idiopathic osteosclerosis in the maxillomandibular area

Abstract

Objectives

To test a more complete set of morphometric radiographic parameters to evaluate the idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) lesions located in the maxillomandibular area and to know their features during routine radiographic evaluation.

Materials and methods

Radiographs from patients attending the oral diagnosis clinic of our institution were reviewed. Evaluated parameters were gender and age of the patients, size, side, homogeneity, morphology, radiodensity, mineralization, borders, relation to roots, affected tooth or teeth and location of the analyzed lesions.

Results

Of the 6340 assessed patients, 354 (5.6%) harbored 362 lesions. IOs were more common during 2nd to 4th decades (mean age = 39 years). IO frequency rose from 1st to 3rd decades and then decreased. Size varied from 0.1 to 5.8 cm, and its frequency increased from 7 to 30 years age and then decreased too. The mandible and molar region were more commonly affected. Radiopaque image, radicular location, round shape, homogeneous core and well-defined boundaries were the more frequent IO features.

Conclusions

Our method allows to analyze IO lesions with precise parameters. Analysis of the results does not support the previously suggested theories to explain their origin, and these figures suggest that the so-called IOs are developmental alterations of the bone.

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A computer-aided diagnosis system for the assessment and characterization of low-to-high suspicion thyroid nodules on ultrasound

Abstract

Aim of the study

To compare the diagnostic performance of a commercially available computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for thyroid ultrasound (US) with that of a non-computer-aided radiologist in the characterization of low-to-high suspicion thyroid nodules.

Methods

This retrospective study included a consecutive series of adult patients referred for US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of a thyroid nodule. All patients were eligible for thyroid nodule FNAB according to the current international guidelines. An interventional radiologist experienced in thyroid imaging acquired the US images subsequently used for post-processing, performed FNAB and provided the US features of each nodule. A radiology resident and an endocrinology resident in consensus performed post-processing using the CAD system to assess the same nodule characteristics. The diagnostic performance and agreement of US features between the CAD system and the radiologist were compared.

Results

Sixty-two patients (50 F; age 60 ± 12 years) were enrolled: 77.4% (48/62) of thyroid nodules were benign, 22.6% (14/62) were undetermined to malignant and required follow-up or surgery. Interobserver agreement between the CAD system and the radiologist was substantial for orientation (K = 0.69), fair for composition (K = 0.36), echogenicity (K = 0.36), K-TIRADS (K = 0.29), and slight for margins (K = 0.03). The radiologist demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity than the CAD system (78.6% vs. 21.4%; P = 0.008), while there was no statistical difference in specificity (66.7% vs. 81.3%; P = 0.065).

Conclusion

This CAD system is less sensitive than an experienced radiologist and showed slight-to-substantial agreement with the radiologist for the characterization of thyroid nodules. Although it is an innovative tool with good potential, additional efforts are needed to improve its diagnostic performance.

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A comparative study between adenoids and nasal mucosa for ciliated epithelium in children with recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Christine M. Kim, Earl H. Harley

Abstract

Objective

To determine whether adenoid epithelium is superior to nasal mucosa for biopsy of ciliated epithelium for electron microscopy (EM) to evaluate pediatric patients with rhinosinusitis for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).

Methods

A retrospective review compared electron microscopic results in children with chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitis who underwent both adenoidectomy or nasopharyngeal biopsy and nasal mucosa biopsy in the course of evaluation for PCD at a tertiary care institution.

Results

Forty pediatric patients met inclusion criteria for this study. Nine of these patients had a prior adenoidectomy and therefore underwent nasopharyngeal biopsy for collection of adenoid tissue. All nine of the nasopharyngeal biopsies and 25 of the 31 (80.6%) adenoid biopsies had sufficient cilia for EM evaluation of the ultrastructure. Of the 40 patients who also had a nasal biopsy, only 12 (30.0%) had sufficient cilia for EM analysis. The distribution of sufficient versus insufficient cilia for analysis between adenoid and nasal mucosa was statistically significant (P<0.05). Abnormal cilia were found in only 2.5 percent of our patients.

Conclusions

In current practice, the nasal cavity is a common location for obtaining ciliated epithelium for EM analysis, as it is easily accessible for biopsy and the procedure itself causes relatively low patient morbidity. Chronic rhinosinusitis, however, has been associated with decreased cilia density on nasal respiratory epithelium. Given that adenoidectomies are often performed in children with chronic rhinosinusitis, our data suggest that adenoid tissue is a better source of ciliated tissue for analysis compared to turbinate epithelium.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2I7f3ni

Idiopathic osteosclerosis in the maxillomandibular area

Abstract

Objectives

To test a more complete set of morphometric radiographic parameters to evaluate the idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) lesions located in the maxillomandibular area and to know their features during routine radiographic evaluation.

Materials and methods

Radiographs from patients attending the oral diagnosis clinic of our institution were reviewed. Evaluated parameters were gender and age of the patients, size, side, homogeneity, morphology, radiodensity, mineralization, borders, relation to roots, affected tooth or teeth and location of the analyzed lesions.

Results

Of the 6340 assessed patients, 354 (5.6%) harbored 362 lesions. IOs were more common during 2nd to 4th decades (mean age = 39 years). IO frequency rose from 1st to 3rd decades and then decreased. Size varied from 0.1 to 5.8 cm, and its frequency increased from 7 to 30 years age and then decreased too. The mandible and molar region were more commonly affected. Radiopaque image, radicular location, round shape, homogeneous core and well-defined boundaries were the more frequent IO features.

Conclusions

Our method allows to analyze IO lesions with precise parameters. Analysis of the results does not support the previously suggested theories to explain their origin, and these figures suggest that the so-called IOs are developmental alterations of the bone.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xGziTU

A computer-aided diagnosis system for the assessment and characterization of low-to-high suspicion thyroid nodules on ultrasound

Abstract

Aim of the study

To compare the diagnostic performance of a commercially available computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for thyroid ultrasound (US) with that of a non-computer-aided radiologist in the characterization of low-to-high suspicion thyroid nodules.

Methods

This retrospective study included a consecutive series of adult patients referred for US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of a thyroid nodule. All patients were eligible for thyroid nodule FNAB according to the current international guidelines. An interventional radiologist experienced in thyroid imaging acquired the US images subsequently used for post-processing, performed FNAB and provided the US features of each nodule. A radiology resident and an endocrinology resident in consensus performed post-processing using the CAD system to assess the same nodule characteristics. The diagnostic performance and agreement of US features between the CAD system and the radiologist were compared.

Results

Sixty-two patients (50 F; age 60 ± 12 years) were enrolled: 77.4% (48/62) of thyroid nodules were benign, 22.6% (14/62) were undetermined to malignant and required follow-up or surgery. Interobserver agreement between the CAD system and the radiologist was substantial for orientation (K = 0.69), fair for composition (K = 0.36), echogenicity (K = 0.36), K-TIRADS (K = 0.29), and slight for margins (K = 0.03). The radiologist demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity than the CAD system (78.6% vs. 21.4%; P = 0.008), while there was no statistical difference in specificity (66.7% vs. 81.3%; P = 0.065).

Conclusion

This CAD system is less sensitive than an experienced radiologist and showed slight-to-substantial agreement with the radiologist for the characterization of thyroid nodules. Although it is an innovative tool with good potential, additional efforts are needed to improve its diagnostic performance.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QOesux

A comparative study between adenoids and nasal mucosa for ciliated epithelium in children with recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis

Publication date: Available online 21 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Christine M. Kim, Earl H. Harley

Abstract

Objective

To determine whether adenoid epithelium is superior to nasal mucosa for biopsy of ciliated epithelium for electron microscopy (EM) to evaluate pediatric patients with rhinosinusitis for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).

Methods

A retrospective review compared electron microscopic results in children with chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitis who underwent both adenoidectomy or nasopharyngeal biopsy and nasal mucosa biopsy in the course of evaluation for PCD at a tertiary care institution.

Results

Forty pediatric patients met inclusion criteria for this study. Nine of these patients had a prior adenoidectomy and therefore underwent nasopharyngeal biopsy for collection of adenoid tissue. All nine of the nasopharyngeal biopsies and 25 of the 31 (80.6%) adenoid biopsies had sufficient cilia for EM evaluation of the ultrastructure. Of the 40 patients who also had a nasal biopsy, only 12 (30.0%) had sufficient cilia for EM analysis. The distribution of sufficient versus insufficient cilia for analysis between adenoid and nasal mucosa was statistically significant (P<0.05). Abnormal cilia were found in only 2.5 percent of our patients.

Conclusions

In current practice, the nasal cavity is a common location for obtaining ciliated epithelium for EM analysis, as it is easily accessible for biopsy and the procedure itself causes relatively low patient morbidity. Chronic rhinosinusitis, however, has been associated with decreased cilia density on nasal respiratory epithelium. Given that adenoidectomies are often performed in children with chronic rhinosinusitis, our data suggest that adenoid tissue is a better source of ciliated tissue for analysis compared to turbinate epithelium.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2I7f3ni

Safety considerations and risks of transfusion

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine

Author(s): Jessica Sandham, Balsam Altemimi

Abstract

Cross-matching of blood components to the patient's blood is mandatory to ensure the safe transfusion of suitable blood components in a timely manner and avoid serious harm to the recipient. This article will outline the validated methods of cross-matching in the laboratory setting. We will also discuss transfusion reactions and consequences of transfusion of inappropriate or mismatched blood components, alongside the principles of patient blood management and pre-operative anaemia.

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Safety considerations and risks of transfusion

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine

Author(s): Jessica Sandham, Balsam Altemimi

Abstract

Cross-matching of blood components to the patient's blood is mandatory to ensure the safe transfusion of suitable blood components in a timely manner and avoid serious harm to the recipient. This article will outline the validated methods of cross-matching in the laboratory setting. We will also discuss transfusion reactions and consequences of transfusion of inappropriate or mismatched blood components, alongside the principles of patient blood management and pre-operative anaemia.

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Risk factors for cervical lymph node metastasis in endoscopically resected superficial hypopharyngeal cancers

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018

Source: Auris Nasus Larynx

Author(s): Takayuki Imai, Shigemi Ito, Tomoyuki Oikawa, Yukinori Asada, Ko Matsumoto, Takefumi Miyazaki, Tomoko Yamazaki, Ikuro Satoh, Tetsuya Noguchi, Kazuto Matsuura

Abstract

Objective

Hypopharyngeal cancer is a head and neck cancer with a poor prognosis, and most cases show metastases on diagnosis. Cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis is a poor prognostic factor in hypopharyngeal cancer patients. The identification of risk factors for LN metastasis can help guide surgical treatment strategies for these patients.

Methods

This retrospective study included 93 superficial hypopharyngeal cancer patients with 109 histopathologically examined lesions treated by endoscopic resection between January 2007 and December 2017. Tumor thickness quantification, quantification of budding nests, immunostaining and other histopathological analyses in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue sections (3-μm) of surgical specimens were performed by a certified pathologist.

Results

Cervical LN metastasis was positive in 18 out of 93 cases (19.3%) and 18 out of 109 lesions (16.5%). No differences were detected in patient characteristics between LN-positive and LN-negative cases, except for tumor thickness, which was significantly larger in LN-positive cases (3119.4 ± 602.2 μm vs. 1015.5 ± 129.6 μm, respectively; p < 0.0001). Univariate analysis showed that tumor thickness ≥1000 μm (odds ratio: 5.559, p = 0.003), lesions with high budding grade (odds ratio: 5.188, p = 0.01) and vascular invasion (odds ratio: 12.710, p = 0.007) were significantly associated with cervical LN metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed tumor thickness ≥ 1000 μm as the most significant risk factor for cervical LN metastasis in superficial hypopharyngeal cancer (odds ratio: 3.639, p = 0.04).

Conclusions

We demonstrate for the first time that high budding grade may serve as powerful predictors of LN metastasis and tumor thickness ≥1000 μm is a significant risk factor for LN metastasis of superficial hypopharyngeal cancer. These results should be further examined in future larger scale studies.

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