Use of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for Post-Procedural Monitoring in Young Children Following Microlaryngobronchoscopy: Impact on Resource Utilization and Hospital Cost

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Elizabeth J. Kerris, Jason T. Patregnani, Matthew Sharron, Anthony A. Sochet

Abstract

Objective

To assess the frequency of post-procedural complications, medical interventions, and hospital costs associated with microlaryngobronchoscopy (MLB) in children prophylactically admitted for pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) monitoring for age ≤ 2 years.

Methods

We performed a single-center, retrospective, descriptive study within a 44-bed PICU in a stand-alone, tertiary, pediatric referral center. Inclusion criteria were age ≤ 2 years and pre-procedural selection of prophylactic PICU monitoring after MLB between January 2010 and December 2015. Children were excluded for existing tracheostomy, if undergoing concurrent non-otolaryngeal procedures, or if intubated at the time of PICU admission. Primary outcomes were the development of major and minor procedural complications and medical rescue interventions. Secondary outcomes were hospital cost and length of stay (LOS).

Results

One hundred and eight subjects met inclusion criteria with a median age of 5.3 (IQR: 2.6-10.9) months. A majority (86%) underwent therapeutic instrumentation in addition to diagnostic MLB. There were no observed major complications or rescue interventions. Minor complications were noted within 5 hours of monitoring and included isolated stridor (24%), desaturation <90% (10%), and nausea/emesis (8%). Minor interventions included supplemental oxygen via regular nasal cannula (39%), single-dose inhaled racemic epinephrine (19%), single-dose systemic corticosteroids (19%), or high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy (4%). Save for two cases of HFNC, interventions were completed or discontinued within 5 hours. Median PICU LOS was 1.1 days and median cost was $9,650 (IQR: $8,235- $14,861) per encounter. Estimated cost of same day observation in our post anesthesia care unit (PACU) following MLB without PICU admission is $1,921 per encounter.

Conclusions

In children ≤ 2 years of age prophylactically admitted for PICU observation, we did not observe severe complications or major interventions after MLB. Minor interventions and complications were noted early during post-procedural monitoring. PICU monitoring was substantially more expensive than same-day PACU observation. Young age as the sole criteria for prophylactic PICU monitoring after diagnostic or therapeutic MLB may be unjustified when comparable, cost-conscious care can be achieved in a PACU setting. Prior to pre-procedural selection of PICU monitoring, we recommend a broad contextual risk assessment including a review of comorbidities, operative plan, and intended anesthetic exposure.

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Outcomes and Swallowing Evaluations after Injection Laryngoplasty for Type I Laryngeal Cleft: Does Age Matter?

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Elisabeth Cole, Alexandra Dreyzin, Amber D. Shaffer, Allison B.J. Tobey, David H. Chi, Tony Tarchichi

Abstract

Objectives

To improve the recognition of differences in presentation amongst patients with type 1 laryngeal clefts of various ages and better understand the age dependent outcomes of injection laryngoplasty. A second aim was to analyze the discrepancies between swallow assessment modalities in various age groups with type I laryngeal clefts undergoing injection laryngoplasty.

Methods

A retrospective review of electronic medical records of patients who underwent injection laryngoplasty from 2009 through 2015 at a tertiary care children's hospital. Data extracted included: Demographics, histories and physical exam findings, diagnostic studies, and medical and surgical treatments.

Results

Most (72/102, 70.6%) patients were male with a median gestational age at birth of 37 weeks (range 24–41 weeks). Formula thickening and GERD medications were used in 94/102 (92.2%) and 97/102 (95.1%) patients, respectively. Comorbid GERD, laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia, and subglottic stenosis were present in 98/102 (96.1%), 40/102 (39.2%), 9/102 (8.8%), and 14/102 (13.7%) patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in demographics, comorbidities or medical therapy between age groups. Symptoms at presentation differed between age groups with stridor (χ²(1) =11.6, p=0.002) and cyanosis (χ²(1) =8.13, p=0.012) being more common in the 0–3-month group compared to the 12-36 month group. Symptom resolution and the odds of undergoing additional surgery (second injection or suture repair) over time, however, did not differ. There was a significant reduction in aspiration with thins during FEES (McNemar χ²(1) =10.7, p=0.002) and aspiration with nectar during MBS (McNemar χ²(1) =5.26, p=0.035) post-injection. After injection, there was significant agreement in aspiration with thins between FEES and MBS (kappa=0.308 ± SE 0.170, p=0.035). However, finding aspiration with thins was more common during MBS than during FEES (McNemar χ²(1) =7.00, p=0.016). There were no differences in swallow evaluation findings between the age groups.

Conclusions

Symptoms of type I laryngeal clefts may differ by age. However, there was no impact of age on the safety and efficacy of surgical intervention.

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Use of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for Post-Procedural Monitoring in Young Children Following Microlaryngobronchoscopy: Impact on Resource Utilization and Hospital Cost

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Elizabeth J. Kerris, Jason T. Patregnani, Matthew Sharron, Anthony A. Sochet

Abstract

Objective

To assess the frequency of post-procedural complications, medical interventions, and hospital costs associated with microlaryngobronchoscopy (MLB) in children prophylactically admitted for pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) monitoring for age ≤ 2 years.

Methods

We performed a single-center, retrospective, descriptive study within a 44-bed PICU in a stand-alone, tertiary, pediatric referral center. Inclusion criteria were age ≤ 2 years and pre-procedural selection of prophylactic PICU monitoring after MLB between January 2010 and December 2015. Children were excluded for existing tracheostomy, if undergoing concurrent non-otolaryngeal procedures, or if intubated at the time of PICU admission. Primary outcomes were the development of major and minor procedural complications and medical rescue interventions. Secondary outcomes were hospital cost and length of stay (LOS).

Results

One hundred and eight subjects met inclusion criteria with a median age of 5.3 (IQR: 2.6-10.9) months. A majority (86%) underwent therapeutic instrumentation in addition to diagnostic MLB. There were no observed major complications or rescue interventions. Minor complications were noted within 5 hours of monitoring and included isolated stridor (24%), desaturation <90% (10%), and nausea/emesis (8%). Minor interventions included supplemental oxygen via regular nasal cannula (39%), single-dose inhaled racemic epinephrine (19%), single-dose systemic corticosteroids (19%), or high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy (4%). Save for two cases of HFNC, interventions were completed or discontinued within 5 hours. Median PICU LOS was 1.1 days and median cost was $9,650 (IQR: $8,235- $14,861) per encounter. Estimated cost of same day observation in our post anesthesia care unit (PACU) following MLB without PICU admission is $1,921 per encounter.

Conclusions

In children ≤ 2 years of age prophylactically admitted for PICU observation, we did not observe severe complications or major interventions after MLB. Minor interventions and complications were noted early during post-procedural monitoring. PICU monitoring was substantially more expensive than same-day PACU observation. Young age as the sole criteria for prophylactic PICU monitoring after diagnostic or therapeutic MLB may be unjustified when comparable, cost-conscious care can be achieved in a PACU setting. Prior to pre-procedural selection of PICU monitoring, we recommend a broad contextual risk assessment including a review of comorbidities, operative plan, and intended anesthetic exposure.

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Seasonal allergies and psychiatric disorders in the United States - Oh H, Koyanagi A, Devylder JE, Stickley A.

Seasonal allergies have been associated with mental health problems, though the evidence is still emergent, particularly in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication and the National Latino and Asian American Surv... (Source: SafetyLit)

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Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye

Ocular allergy and dry eye are different conditions, yet there are complex interactions between them. Find out what there is to know.Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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New study shows eczema in African-Americans is more difficult to treat

(American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology) A new study suggests that African-Americans may face a greater struggle to find effective therapies for atopic dermatitis than European-Americans. The study used molecular profiling to study the skin of both groups. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Seasonal allergies and psychiatric disorders in the United States - Oh H, Koyanagi A, Devylder JE, Stickley A.

Seasonal allergies have been associated with mental health problems, though the evidence is still emergent, particularly in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication and the National Latino and Asian American Surv... (Source: SafetyLit)

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Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye

Ocular allergy and dry eye are different conditions, yet there are complex interactions between them. Find out what there is to know.Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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New study shows eczema in African-Americans is more difficult to treat

(American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology) A new study suggests that African-Americans may face a greater struggle to find effective therapies for atopic dermatitis than European-Americans. The study used molecular profiling to study the skin of both groups. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Streamlining grommet pathways for otitis media with effusion and hearing loss in children: our experience.

Related Articles

Streamlining grommet pathways for otitis media with effusion and hearing loss in children: our experience.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Sep 13;:1-4

Authors: McLaren O, Toll EC, Easto R, Willis E, Harris S, Rainsbury J

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Grommet insertion is a common surgical procedure in children. Long waiting times for grommet insertion are not unusual. This project aimed to streamline the process by introducing a pathway for audiologists to directly schedule children meeting National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guideline 60 ('CG60') for grommet insertion.Method and resultsA period from June to November 2014 was retrospectively audited. Mean duration between the first audiology appointment and grommet insertion was 294.5 days (median = 310 days). Implementing the direct-listing pathway reduced the duration between first audiology appointment and grommet insertion (mean = 232 days; median = 231 days). There has been a reduction in the time between the first audiology appointment and surgery (mean difference of 62.5 days; p = 0.024), and a reduction in the time between second audiology appointment and surgery (28 days; p = 0.009).
CONCLUSION: Direct-listing pathways for grommet insertion can reduce waiting times and expedite surgery. Implementation involves a simple alteration of current practice, adhering to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guideline 60. The ultimate decision regarding surgery still rests with ENT specialists.

PMID: 30208983 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Analysis of smoking behaviour in patients with peritonsillar abscess: a prospective, matched case-control study.

Related Articles

Analysis of smoking behaviour in patients with peritonsillar abscess: a prospective, matched case-control study.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Sep 13;:1-3

Authors: Schwarz D, Wolber P, Balk M, Luers JC

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Smoking is purported to increase the risk of peritonsillar abscess formation, but prospective data are needed to confirm this hypothesis. This prospective study aimed to identify this correlation.
METHODS: Fifty-four patients with peritonsillar abscess were prospectively asked about their smoking behaviour using a questionnaire that was designed and approved by the Robert Koch Institute (Berlin, Germany) to analyse smoking behaviour in epidemiological studies. Afterwards, a consecutive control group (without peritonsillar abscess), matched in terms of age and gender, was surveyed using the same questionnaire. A classification of smoker, former smoker and non-smoker was made, and the numbers of pack-years were calculated and compared.
RESULTS: Statistical analysis of both groups revealed a significant correlation between peritonsillar abscess and smoking experience (p = 0.025). Moreover, there were significantly fewer non-smokers in the non-peritonsillar abscess group (p = 0.04). The number of pack-years was higher in the peritonsillar abscess group (p = 0.037).
CONCLUSION: There is a statistically significant association between peritonsillar abscess and smoking.

PMID: 30208977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Volumetric analysis of vocal fold atrophy via magnetic resonance imaging.

Related Articles

Volumetric analysis of vocal fold atrophy via magnetic resonance imaging.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Sep 13;:1-5

Authors: Saint-Victor S, Barbarite E, Sidani C, Bhatia R, Rosow DE

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively test the hypothesis that older patients have increased thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy by comparing thyroarytenoid muscle volumes across different age groups.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted. The study included 111 patients with no history of laryngeal pathology. Two investigators reviewed magnetic resonance imaging studies of these patients and manually traced the thyroarytenoid muscles on multiple slices bilaterally. Thyroarytenoid muscle volumes were then computed using imaging analysis software. Patients were stratified into three age groups (18-50 years, 51-64 years, and 65 years or older) for comparison.
RESULTS: Intra- and inter-rater reliabilities were excellent for all measurements (intraclass correlation co-efficient > 0.90). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean volumes of left and right thyroarytenoid muscles in all age and gender groups.
CONCLUSION: Given the lack of statistically significant difference in thyroarytenoid muscle volume between age groups on magnetic resonance imaging, the prevailing assumption that age-related thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy contributes to presbyphonia should be re-examined.

PMID: 30208975 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Streamlining grommet pathways for otitis media with effusion and hearing loss in children: our experience.

Related Articles

Streamlining grommet pathways for otitis media with effusion and hearing loss in children: our experience.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Sep 13;:1-4

Authors: McLaren O, Toll EC, Easto R, Willis E, Harris S, Rainsbury J

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Grommet insertion is a common surgical procedure in children. Long waiting times for grommet insertion are not unusual. This project aimed to streamline the process by introducing a pathway for audiologists to directly schedule children meeting National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guideline 60 ('CG60') for grommet insertion.Method and resultsA period from June to November 2014 was retrospectively audited. Mean duration between the first audiology appointment and grommet insertion was 294.5 days (median = 310 days). Implementing the direct-listing pathway reduced the duration between first audiology appointment and grommet insertion (mean = 232 days; median = 231 days). There has been a reduction in the time between the first audiology appointment and surgery (mean difference of 62.5 days; p = 0.024), and a reduction in the time between second audiology appointment and surgery (28 days; p = 0.009).
CONCLUSION: Direct-listing pathways for grommet insertion can reduce waiting times and expedite surgery. Implementation involves a simple alteration of current practice, adhering to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guideline 60. The ultimate decision regarding surgery still rests with ENT specialists.

PMID: 30208983 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MvrBVT

Analysis of smoking behaviour in patients with peritonsillar abscess: a prospective, matched case-control study.

Related Articles

Analysis of smoking behaviour in patients with peritonsillar abscess: a prospective, matched case-control study.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Sep 13;:1-3

Authors: Schwarz D, Wolber P, Balk M, Luers JC

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Smoking is purported to increase the risk of peritonsillar abscess formation, but prospective data are needed to confirm this hypothesis. This prospective study aimed to identify this correlation.
METHODS: Fifty-four patients with peritonsillar abscess were prospectively asked about their smoking behaviour using a questionnaire that was designed and approved by the Robert Koch Institute (Berlin, Germany) to analyse smoking behaviour in epidemiological studies. Afterwards, a consecutive control group (without peritonsillar abscess), matched in terms of age and gender, was surveyed using the same questionnaire. A classification of smoker, former smoker and non-smoker was made, and the numbers of pack-years were calculated and compared.
RESULTS: Statistical analysis of both groups revealed a significant correlation between peritonsillar abscess and smoking experience (p = 0.025). Moreover, there were significantly fewer non-smokers in the non-peritonsillar abscess group (p = 0.04). The number of pack-years was higher in the peritonsillar abscess group (p = 0.037).
CONCLUSION: There is a statistically significant association between peritonsillar abscess and smoking.

PMID: 30208977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NbmGPt

Volumetric analysis of vocal fold atrophy via magnetic resonance imaging.

Related Articles

Volumetric analysis of vocal fold atrophy via magnetic resonance imaging.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Sep 13;:1-5

Authors: Saint-Victor S, Barbarite E, Sidani C, Bhatia R, Rosow DE

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively test the hypothesis that older patients have increased thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy by comparing thyroarytenoid muscle volumes across different age groups.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted. The study included 111 patients with no history of laryngeal pathology. Two investigators reviewed magnetic resonance imaging studies of these patients and manually traced the thyroarytenoid muscles on multiple slices bilaterally. Thyroarytenoid muscle volumes were then computed using imaging analysis software. Patients were stratified into three age groups (18-50 years, 51-64 years, and 65 years or older) for comparison.
RESULTS: Intra- and inter-rater reliabilities were excellent for all measurements (intraclass correlation co-efficient > 0.90). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean volumes of left and right thyroarytenoid muscles in all age and gender groups.
CONCLUSION: Given the lack of statistically significant difference in thyroarytenoid muscle volume between age groups on magnetic resonance imaging, the prevailing assumption that age-related thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy contributes to presbyphonia should be re-examined.

PMID: 30208975 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Thyroid Cancer Treatment In Depth Analysis on Growth, Trends, and Business Outlook 2018-2025

Thyroid Cancer Treatment In Depth Analysis on Growth, Trends, and Business Outlook 2018-2025  Newszak (blog)Global Thyroid Cancer Treatment Market Outlook 2018-2025: Baxter, Mylan, Alara, Bristol Myers, Abbott, Teva, App ...  Technology 24Full coverage

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Thyroid Cancer Treatment In Depth Analysis on Growth, Trends, and Business Outlook 2018-2025

Thyroid Cancer Treatment In Depth Analysis on Growth, Trends, and Business Outlook 2018-2025  Newszak (blog)Global Thyroid Cancer Treatment Market Outlook 2018-2025: Baxter, Mylan, Alara, Bristol Myers, Abbott, Teva, App ...  Technology 24Full coverage

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Seasonal allergies and psychiatric disorders in the United States - Oh H, Koyanagi A, Devylder JE, Stickley A.

Seasonal allergies have been associated with mental health problems, though the evidence is still emergent, particularly in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication and the National Latino and Asian American Surv... (Source: SafetyLit)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

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Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye

Ocular allergy and dry eye are different conditions, yet there are complex interactions between them. Find out what there is to know.Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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New study shows eczema in African-Americans is more difficult to treat

(American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology) A new study suggests that African-Americans may face a greater struggle to find effective therapies for atopic dermatitis than European-Americans. The study used molecular profiling to study the skin of both groups. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Evaluation of an Ion Trap Toxtyper Liquid Chromatography With An Ion Trap Mass Spectrometric Instrument (Toxtyper) for Drug of Abuse Screening in Oral Fluid

Background: Oral fluid (OF) is increasingly used as an alternative sample matrix in drug of abuse screening. Screening is commonly performed by immunoassays and results confirmed using laborious gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS)–based methods. Therefore, an easy to operate ion trap mass spectrometric (IT-MS) commercial screening method (Toxtyper; Bruker Daltronik, Bremen, Germany) combined with a laboratory-developed sample preparation procedure has been evaluated for their application to OF. Methods: OF samples were subjected to protein precipitation followed by HybridSPE-Phospholipid extraction. Chromatographic separation was achieved by ultra–high-performance liquid chromatography; MS2/MS3 spectra were recorded by IT-MS and analyzed using a library provided by the ...

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Google Trends reflect allergic rhinitis symptoms related to birch and grass pollen seasons

AbstractGoogle Trends (GT) describes the variation of the relevant interest of internet searches toward medical conditions and related symptoms. Allergic rhinitis symptom levels result from the intensity of exposure to aeroallergens in combination with relevant medication use. We analyze data from Germany to examine the relationship between hay fever-related Google search terms, symptom levels, medication use, and pollen count levels. For doing so, we also employ the new definitions on pollen season and peak pollen period start and end as proposed by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in a recently published position paper. We extract GT data for a number of search terms related to allergic rhinitis for Germany. We use total nasal symptom and mediation scores as rep...

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Traditional face-bow transfer versus three-dimensional virtual reconstruction in orthognathic surgery

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): A. Quast, P. Santander, D. Witt, A. Damm, N. Moser, H. Schliephake, P. Meyer-Marcotty

Abstract

Face-bow transfer is an essential step in articulator-based orthognathic surgery planning. However, it can be a source of inaccuracy. Virtual computer-based planning avoids this error through the use of direct patient-related three-dimensional imaging data. The aim of this prospective observational study was to determine the error of face-bow transfer three-dimensionally and correlate it to the different types of malocclusion. Orthognathic surgery performed on 38 patients (10 male, 28 female; mean (standard deviation) age 24.7 (6.9) years) was planned twice: first articulator-based with plaster models and second computer-based with surgery planning software. Both models were digitized and compared regarding the angle between the Frankfort horizontal plane and the occlusal plane. In most cases, the angle in the sagittal dimension was higher in the articulator-based model than in the computer-based model. The angle in the transverse dimension was as often under- as over-represented. The type of malocclusion, i.e. skeletal class, vertical relationship, and degree of asymmetry, had no significant impact on the amount of error. In conclusion, this study indicates that computer-based planning should be considered as an advantageous alternative in orthognathic surgery planning.

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Seasonal allergies and psychiatric disorders in the United States - Oh H, Koyanagi A, Devylder JE, Stickley A.

Seasonal allergies have been associated with mental health problems, though the evidence is still emergent, particularly in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication and the National Latino and Asian American Surv... (Source: SafetyLit)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xcnyJt

Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye Ocular Allergy as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye

Ocular allergy and dry eye are different conditions, yet there are complex interactions between them. Find out what there is to know.Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGepCm

New study shows eczema in African-Americans is more difficult to treat

(American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology) A new study suggests that African-Americans may face a greater struggle to find effective therapies for atopic dermatitis than European-Americans. The study used molecular profiling to study the skin of both groups. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Evaluation of an Ion Trap Toxtyper Liquid Chromatography With An Ion Trap Mass Spectrometric Instrument (Toxtyper) for Drug of Abuse Screening in Oral Fluid

Background: Oral fluid (OF) is increasingly used as an alternative sample matrix in drug of abuse screening. Screening is commonly performed by immunoassays and results confirmed using laborious gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS)–based methods. Therefore, an easy to operate ion trap mass spectrometric (IT-MS) commercial screening method (Toxtyper; Bruker Daltronik, Bremen, Germany) combined with a laboratory-developed sample preparation procedure has been evaluated for their application to OF. Methods: OF samples were subjected to protein precipitation followed by HybridSPE-Phospholipid extraction. Chromatographic separation was achieved by ultra–high-performance liquid chromatography; MS2/MS3 spectra were recorded by IT-MS and analyzed using a library provided by the ...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xcpvpr

Google Trends reflect allergic rhinitis symptoms related to birch and grass pollen seasons

AbstractGoogle Trends (GT) describes the variation of the relevant interest of internet searches toward medical conditions and related symptoms. Allergic rhinitis symptom levels result from the intensity of exposure to aeroallergens in combination with relevant medication use. We analyze data from Germany to examine the relationship between hay fever-related Google search terms, symptom levels, medication use, and pollen count levels. For doing so, we also employ the new definitions on pollen season and peak pollen period start and end as proposed by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in a recently published position paper. We extract GT data for a number of search terms related to allergic rhinitis for Germany. We use total nasal symptom and mediation scores as rep...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xfsDjw

Traditional face-bow transfer versus three-dimensional virtual reconstruction in orthognathic surgery

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): A. Quast, P. Santander, D. Witt, A. Damm, N. Moser, H. Schliephake, P. Meyer-Marcotty

Abstract

Face-bow transfer is an essential step in articulator-based orthognathic surgery planning. However, it can be a source of inaccuracy. Virtual computer-based planning avoids this error through the use of direct patient-related three-dimensional imaging data. The aim of this prospective observational study was to determine the error of face-bow transfer three-dimensionally and correlate it to the different types of malocclusion. Orthognathic surgery performed on 38 patients (10 male, 28 female; mean (standard deviation) age 24.7 (6.9) years) was planned twice: first articulator-based with plaster models and second computer-based with surgery planning software. Both models were digitized and compared regarding the angle between the Frankfort horizontal plane and the occlusal plane. In most cases, the angle in the sagittal dimension was higher in the articulator-based model than in the computer-based model. The angle in the transverse dimension was as often under- as over-represented. The type of malocclusion, i.e. skeletal class, vertical relationship, and degree of asymmetry, had no significant impact on the amount of error. In conclusion, this study indicates that computer-based planning should be considered as an advantageous alternative in orthognathic surgery planning.

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Title: P120 catenin expression and its correlation with E-cadherin in salivary gland neoplasms

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

Author(s): Ekarat Phattarataratip, Nicha Kositkittiwanit, Pruch Kajornkiatkul, Pataraporn Yeunyong, Ratanatip Ratanapitak

Abstract

Objectives

Altered P120 catenin expression has been associated with E-cadherin loss and poor prognosis in several cancers. The objectives of this study were to examine the P120 catenin expression in salivary gland neoplasms in correlation with E-cadherin and assess the relationships between their expression levels and pathologic characteristics.

Methods

Fifty-two cases of salivary gland neoplasms, i.e. 25 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), 13 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), 12 pleomorphic adenomas (PA) and 2 polymorphous adenocarcinomas (PAC) were included. The expression of P120 catenin and E-cadherin was investigated immunohistochemically.

Results

Both P120 catenin and E-cadherin were overexpressed in salivary gland neoplasms, compared to normal tissue. P120 catenin was primarily detected on the membrane of neoplastic cells in most cases. A significant correlation between levels of expression of both proteins was noted in MECs. In ACCs and PA, ductal cells showed positive immunoreactivity, whereas myoepithelial cells variably expressed both proteins. Increased P120 catenin expression was significantly associated with the solid subtype of ACCs.

Conclusions

The cadherin-catenin complex is preserved in the heterogenous tumor cell population in salivary gland neoplasms. Overexpression of P120 catenin may be involved in the progression to solid ACCs.

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Cephalometric appraisal of the effects of orthodontic treatment on total airway dimensions in adolescents

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

Author(s): Maj Raj kumar Maurya, Col Prasanna Kumar, Lt Col Mohit Sharma, Lt Col Karan Nehra, Harpreet Singh, Prabhat Kumar Chaudhari

Abstract

Aim

This retrospective study was performed to rule out any jeopardizing effect of extraction therapy of four first premolars on airway at any level of its anatomic course.

Materials and methods

Lateral cephalograms of 50 adolescent patients divided into two groups of 25 each, based on orthodontic treatment by first premolar extraction as group I and without extraction as group II, were selected for the study. 13 angular and 11 linear measurements were compared pre-and post-treatment via statistical analyses using SPSS (Version 17.5, SPSS, Chicago) software. Paired 't' tests were used to assess the variability. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results

Comparison of angular parameters showed that the average percentage (%) change in SNA, SNB, ANB, IMPA, FMA, saddle, articulare, gonial, total angle and hyoid did not differ significantly across two study groups (P > 0.05), but values of UI/LI, UI/NA, LI/NB, differed significantly among both groups. Similarly, linear parameters showed that the average % change in nasopharyngeal airway space (NAS) and width of soft palate differed significantly across two study groups (P-value<0.05), whereas the average % change in posterior airway space (PAS), hypopharyngeal airway space (HAS), hyoid distance and length of tongue did not differ significantly (P-value>0.05). However, no significant differences were observed during intragroup and intergroup comparisons of the combined angular and linear measurements of both groups.

Conclusions

Present study showed no significant change on airway after therapeutic orthodontic tooth movement with or without extraction treatment.

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Title: P120 catenin expression and its correlation with E-cadherin in salivary gland neoplasms

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

Author(s): Ekarat Phattarataratip, Nicha Kositkittiwanit, Pruch Kajornkiatkul, Pataraporn Yeunyong, Ratanatip Ratanapitak

Abstract

Objectives

Altered P120 catenin expression has been associated with E-cadherin loss and poor prognosis in several cancers. The objectives of this study were to examine the P120 catenin expression in salivary gland neoplasms in correlation with E-cadherin and assess the relationships between their expression levels and pathologic characteristics.

Methods

Fifty-two cases of salivary gland neoplasms, i.e. 25 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), 13 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), 12 pleomorphic adenomas (PA) and 2 polymorphous adenocarcinomas (PAC) were included. The expression of P120 catenin and E-cadherin was investigated immunohistochemically.

Results

Both P120 catenin and E-cadherin were overexpressed in salivary gland neoplasms, compared to normal tissue. P120 catenin was primarily detected on the membrane of neoplastic cells in most cases. A significant correlation between levels of expression of both proteins was noted in MECs. In ACCs and PA, ductal cells showed positive immunoreactivity, whereas myoepithelial cells variably expressed both proteins. Increased P120 catenin expression was significantly associated with the solid subtype of ACCs.

Conclusions

The cadherin-catenin complex is preserved in the heterogenous tumor cell population in salivary gland neoplasms. Overexpression of P120 catenin may be involved in the progression to solid ACCs.

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Cephalometric appraisal of the effects of orthodontic treatment on total airway dimensions in adolescents

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

Author(s): Maj Raj kumar Maurya, Col Prasanna Kumar, Lt Col Mohit Sharma, Lt Col Karan Nehra, Harpreet Singh, Prabhat Kumar Chaudhari

Abstract

Aim

This retrospective study was performed to rule out any jeopardizing effect of extraction therapy of four first premolars on airway at any level of its anatomic course.

Materials and methods

Lateral cephalograms of 50 adolescent patients divided into two groups of 25 each, based on orthodontic treatment by first premolar extraction as group I and without extraction as group II, were selected for the study. 13 angular and 11 linear measurements were compared pre-and post-treatment via statistical analyses using SPSS (Version 17.5, SPSS, Chicago) software. Paired 't' tests were used to assess the variability. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results

Comparison of angular parameters showed that the average percentage (%) change in SNA, SNB, ANB, IMPA, FMA, saddle, articulare, gonial, total angle and hyoid did not differ significantly across two study groups (P > 0.05), but values of UI/LI, UI/NA, LI/NB, differed significantly among both groups. Similarly, linear parameters showed that the average % change in nasopharyngeal airway space (NAS) and width of soft palate differed significantly across two study groups (P-value<0.05), whereas the average % change in posterior airway space (PAS), hypopharyngeal airway space (HAS), hyoid distance and length of tongue did not differ significantly (P-value>0.05). However, no significant differences were observed during intragroup and intergroup comparisons of the combined angular and linear measurements of both groups.

Conclusions

Present study showed no significant change on airway after therapeutic orthodontic tooth movement with or without extraction treatment.

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Principles of the magnetic resonance imaging movie method for articulatory movement

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a critical tool for dental examination. MRI has many advantages over radiographic examination methods, including the lack of a requirement for patient exposure and the ability to capture high-contrast images of various tissue and organ types. However, MRI also has several limitations, including long examination times and the existence of metallic or motion artifacts. A cardiac imaging method using cine sequences was developed in the 1990s. This technique allows for analysis of heart movement and functional blood flow. Moreover, this method has been applied in dentistry. Recent research involving 3 T MRI has led to the achievement of a temporal resolution of < 10 ms, surpassing the frame rate of typical video recording. The current review introduces the history and principles of the cine sequence method and its application to the oral and maxillofacial regions.

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The rotating stretched curved planar reconstruction of 3D-FIESTA MR imaging for evaluating the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author(s): Jun Zhang, Dapeng Hao, Feng Duan, Tengbo Yu, Chuanyu Zhang, Junyi Che

Abstract

Purpose

To determine the feasibility of the rotating stretched curved planar reconstruction (CPR) of three-dimensional fast imaging with steady-state acquisition magnetic resonance imaging (3D-FIESTA MRI) for evaluating the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint.

Materials and methods

MRI of 40 knee joints in healthy volunteers was performed on a 3.0-T MR scanner and a phased-array extremity coil. The protocol consisted of oblique sagittal spin echo (SE) T1WI, coronal FS-PDWI, axial FS-FSE-T2WI, and 3D-FIESTA sequences. The rotating stretched curved planar reconstructions (CPR) of the ACL at angles of 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180° were generated from images of 3D-FIESTA sequences. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the 3D-FIESTA were compared with those of the oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence. The presence of the tibial attachment, midportion, femoral attachment, and double bundles of the ACL on the oblique sagittal SE T1WI and CPR of 3D-FIESTA MR imaging were divided into two categories: visible and not visible.

Results

The ACL SNR efficiency of 3D-FIESTA sequences was significantly higher than that of oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence (P < 0.05). The 3D-FIESTA sequences produced images with a significantly higher CNR between ACL and synovial fluid than did the oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence (P < 0.05). CPR of 3D-FIESTA MRI generated an excellent visualization of the ACL. The CPR of 3D-FIESTA MRI was rated superior to oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence in 60% and 65% of cases with regard to the tibial attachment and midportion of ACL, respectively (P < 0.05). CPR of 3D-FIESTA MR imaging was rated superior to oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence in 80% and 85% of cases with regard to femoral attachment and double bundles of ACL, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The rotating stretched curved planar reconstruction of 3D-FIESTA sequences is significantly better than that of conventional 2D-MRI in evaluating the native ACL and its components, AM bundle and PL bundle, in healthy volunteers.

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Principles of the magnetic resonance imaging movie method for articulatory movement

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a critical tool for dental examination. MRI has many advantages over radiographic examination methods, including the lack of a requirement for patient exposure and the ability to capture high-contrast images of various tissue and organ types. However, MRI also has several limitations, including long examination times and the existence of metallic or motion artifacts. A cardiac imaging method using cine sequences was developed in the 1990s. This technique allows for analysis of heart movement and functional blood flow. Moreover, this method has been applied in dentistry. Recent research involving 3 T MRI has led to the achievement of a temporal resolution of < 10 ms, surpassing the frame rate of typical video recording. The current review introduces the history and principles of the cine sequence method and its application to the oral and maxillofacial regions.

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The rotating stretched curved planar reconstruction of 3D-FIESTA MR imaging for evaluating the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author(s): Jun Zhang, Dapeng Hao, Feng Duan, Tengbo Yu, Chuanyu Zhang, Junyi Che

Abstract

Purpose

To determine the feasibility of the rotating stretched curved planar reconstruction (CPR) of three-dimensional fast imaging with steady-state acquisition magnetic resonance imaging (3D-FIESTA MRI) for evaluating the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint.

Materials and methods

MRI of 40 knee joints in healthy volunteers was performed on a 3.0-T MR scanner and a phased-array extremity coil. The protocol consisted of oblique sagittal spin echo (SE) T1WI, coronal FS-PDWI, axial FS-FSE-T2WI, and 3D-FIESTA sequences. The rotating stretched curved planar reconstructions (CPR) of the ACL at angles of 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180° were generated from images of 3D-FIESTA sequences. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the 3D-FIESTA were compared with those of the oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence. The presence of the tibial attachment, midportion, femoral attachment, and double bundles of the ACL on the oblique sagittal SE T1WI and CPR of 3D-FIESTA MR imaging were divided into two categories: visible and not visible.

Results

The ACL SNR efficiency of 3D-FIESTA sequences was significantly higher than that of oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence (P < 0.05). The 3D-FIESTA sequences produced images with a significantly higher CNR between ACL and synovial fluid than did the oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence (P < 0.05). CPR of 3D-FIESTA MRI generated an excellent visualization of the ACL. The CPR of 3D-FIESTA MRI was rated superior to oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence in 60% and 65% of cases with regard to the tibial attachment and midportion of ACL, respectively (P < 0.05). CPR of 3D-FIESTA MR imaging was rated superior to oblique sagittal SE T1WI sequence in 80% and 85% of cases with regard to femoral attachment and double bundles of ACL, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The rotating stretched curved planar reconstruction of 3D-FIESTA sequences is significantly better than that of conventional 2D-MRI in evaluating the native ACL and its components, AM bundle and PL bundle, in healthy volunteers.

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A gene expression profile associated with perineural invasion identifies a subset of HNSCC at risk of post-surgical recurrence

Publication date: November 2018

Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 86

Author(s): Zuzana Saidak, Florian Clatot, Denis Chatelain, Antoine Galmiche

Abstract

Objectives

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a common histopathological finding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in PNI and the role of PNI as an aggressive pathological feature.

Materials and methods

We used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to relate the histological presentation of 528 HNSCC tumours to clinical, whole genome expression and proteomic data.

Results

We identified a specific gene expression profile highly enriched in genes related to muscle differentiation/function and associated with PNI in HNSCC. We explored the clinical significance of this profile in three groups of HNSCC tumours stratified according to their low, intermediate or high risk of post-surgical recurrence. In the "low-risk" group, defined as tumours indicated for surgery without adjuvant radiotherapy (n = 51), the PNI gene expression profile identified a subset of HNSCC with a higher rate of tumour recurrence, decreased Disease Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS) (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0064, respectively). Comparable results were observed in "intermediate risk" tumours (n = 112), but not in "high risk" tumours (n = 147), whose prognosis was driven by the presence of lymph node extracapsular spread. Finally, we found that tumours with histological PNI had increased activation levels of the Akt/PKB and mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin) kinases.

Conclusion

PNI is characterised by a specific gene expression profile and distinct biological characteristics. Analysing the PNI gene expression profile holds potential for therapeutic stratification of HNSCC and identification of a subset of tumours with a higher risk of recurrence.

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Brighton senior overcomes cancer, gets cleared for kickoff

Brighton senior overcomes cancer, gets cleared for kickoff  Spectrum NewsFull coverage

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A gene expression profile associated with perineural invasion identifies a subset of HNSCC at risk of post-surgical recurrence

Publication date: November 2018

Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 86

Author(s): Zuzana Saidak, Florian Clatot, Denis Chatelain, Antoine Galmiche

Abstract

Objectives

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a common histopathological finding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in PNI and the role of PNI as an aggressive pathological feature.

Materials and methods

We used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to relate the histological presentation of 528 HNSCC tumours to clinical, whole genome expression and proteomic data.

Results

We identified a specific gene expression profile highly enriched in genes related to muscle differentiation/function and associated with PNI in HNSCC. We explored the clinical significance of this profile in three groups of HNSCC tumours stratified according to their low, intermediate or high risk of post-surgical recurrence. In the "low-risk" group, defined as tumours indicated for surgery without adjuvant radiotherapy (n = 51), the PNI gene expression profile identified a subset of HNSCC with a higher rate of tumour recurrence, decreased Disease Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS) (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0064, respectively). Comparable results were observed in "intermediate risk" tumours (n = 112), but not in "high risk" tumours (n = 147), whose prognosis was driven by the presence of lymph node extracapsular spread. Finally, we found that tumours with histological PNI had increased activation levels of the Akt/PKB and mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin) kinases.

Conclusion

PNI is characterised by a specific gene expression profile and distinct biological characteristics. Analysing the PNI gene expression profile holds potential for therapeutic stratification of HNSCC and identification of a subset of tumours with a higher risk of recurrence.

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Editorial Board/Aims & Scope

Publication date: October 2018

Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 85

Author(s):

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Brighton senior overcomes cancer, gets cleared for kickoff

Brighton senior overcomes cancer, gets cleared for kickoff  Spectrum NewsFull coverage

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The trigeminal root: an anatomical study using magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

Purpose

The trigeminal root is a remarkable structure that can be an original site of trigeminal neuralgia. However, few studies have explored the detailed anatomy of it with neuroimages. The aim of the present study was to characterize the trigeminal root using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Methods

Thin-sliced, axial T2-weighted imaging and coronal constructive interference in steady-state (CISS) sequence were performed for a total of 167 patients.

Results

On axial T2-weighted imaging, three divisions of the main trigeminal sensory root were unequivocally delineated in 36% of the 95 patients. Sixty-three percent of the Meckel's cave was bilaterally adjacent to the petrous portion of the internal carotid artery. On CISS sequence, course of the main trigeminal sensory root was well delineated in all of the 72 patients. The accessory sensory and motor rootlets were identified in 38% and 56% of 144 sides, respectively. Levels of the main trigeminal roots at the original site and entrance into the Meckel's as well morphology of the original segment of the main trigeminal sensory root were variable. Furthermore, in 24% of sides, three divisions of the main trigeminal sensory root were clearly delineated, arranged in variable manners. In 20% sides, segments of the superior cerebellar artery had a contact with the main trigeminal sensory root and motor rootlets.

Conclusions

Coronal CISS sequence is useful for delineating the trigeminal root. Anatomy of the trigeminal root presents considerable inter- and intra-individual variability that can influence the symptoms of trigeminal neurovascular compression.

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The trigeminal root: an anatomical study using magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

Purpose

The trigeminal root is a remarkable structure that can be an original site of trigeminal neuralgia. However, few studies have explored the detailed anatomy of it with neuroimages. The aim of the present study was to characterize the trigeminal root using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Methods

Thin-sliced, axial T2-weighted imaging and coronal constructive interference in steady-state (CISS) sequence were performed for a total of 167 patients.

Results

On axial T2-weighted imaging, three divisions of the main trigeminal sensory root were unequivocally delineated in 36% of the 95 patients. Sixty-three percent of the Meckel's cave was bilaterally adjacent to the petrous portion of the internal carotid artery. On CISS sequence, course of the main trigeminal sensory root was well delineated in all of the 72 patients. The accessory sensory and motor rootlets were identified in 38% and 56% of 144 sides, respectively. Levels of the main trigeminal roots at the original site and entrance into the Meckel's as well morphology of the original segment of the main trigeminal sensory root were variable. Furthermore, in 24% of sides, three divisions of the main trigeminal sensory root were clearly delineated, arranged in variable manners. In 20% sides, segments of the superior cerebellar artery had a contact with the main trigeminal sensory root and motor rootlets.

Conclusions

Coronal CISS sequence is useful for delineating the trigeminal root. Anatomy of the trigeminal root presents considerable inter- and intra-individual variability that can influence the symptoms of trigeminal neurovascular compression.

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Nuisance effects and the limitations of nuisance regression in dynamic functional connectivity fMRI

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Alican Nalci, Bhaskar D. Rao, Thomas T. Liu

Abstract

In resting-state fMRI, dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) measures are used to characterize temporal changes in the brain's intrinsic functional connectivity. A widely used approach for DFC estimation is the computation of the sliding window correlation between blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals from different brain regions. Although the source of temporal fluctuations in DFC estimates remains largely unknown, there is growing evidence that they may reflect dynamic shifts between functional brain networks. At the same time, recent findings suggest that DFC estimates might be prone to the influence of nuisance factors such as the physiological modulation of the BOLD signal. Therefore, nuisance regression is used in many DFC studies to regress out the effects of nuisance terms prior to the computation of DFC estimates. In this work we examined the relationship between seed-specific sliding window correlation-based DFC estimates and nuisance factors. We found that DFC estimates were significantly correlated with temporal fluctuations in the magnitude (norm) of various nuisance regressors. Strong correlations between the DFC estimates and nuisance regressor norms were found even when the underlying correlations between the nuisance and fMRI time courses were relatively small. We then show that nuisance regression does not necessarily eliminate the relationship between DFC estimates and nuisance norms, with significant correlations observed between the DFC estimates and nuisance norms even after nuisance regression. We present theoretical bounds on the difference between DFC estimates obtained before and after nuisance regression and relate these bounds to limitations in the efficacy of nuisance regression with regards to DFC estimates.

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Decoding motion direction using the topography of sustained ERPs and alpha oscillations

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Gi-Yeul Bae, Steven J. Luck

Abstract

The present study sought to determine whether scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) signals contain decodable information about the direction of motion in random dot kinematograms (RDKs), in which the motion information is spatially distributed and mixed with random noise. Any direction of motion from 0 to 360° was possible, and observers reported the precise direction of motion at the end of a 1500-ms stimulus display. We decoded the direction of motion separately during the motion period (during which motion information was being accumulated) and the report period (during which a shift of attention was necessary to make a fine-tuned direction report). Machine learning was used to decode the precise direction of motion (within ±11.25°) from the scalp distribution of either alpha-band EEG activity or sustained event-related potentials (ERPs). We found that ERP-based decoding was above chance (1/16) during both the stimulus and the report periods, whereas alpha-based decoding was above chance only during the report period. Thus, sustained ERPs contain information about spatially distributed direction-of-motion information, providing a new method for observing the accumulation of sensory information with high temporal resolution. By contrast, the scalp topography of alpha-band EEG activity appeared to mainly reflect spatially focused attentional processes rather than sensory information.

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Normative pathways in the functional connectome

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Matthew Leming, Li Su, Shayanti Chattopadhyay, John Suckling

Abstract

Functional connectivity is frequently derived from fMRI data to reduce a complex image of the brain to a graph, or "functional connectome". Often shortest-path algorithms are used to characterize and compare functional connectomes. Previous work on the identification and measurement of semi-metric (shortest circuitous) pathways in the functional connectome has discovered cross-sectional differences in major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and Alzheimer's disease. However, while measurements of shortest path length have been analyzed in functional connectomes, less work has been done to investigate the composition of the pathways themselves, or whether the edges composing pathways differ between individuals. Developments in this area would help us understand how pathways might be organized in mental disorders, and if a consistent pattern can be found. Furthermore, studies in structural brain connectivity and other real-world graphs suggest that shortest pathways may not be as important in functional connectivity studies as previously assumed. In light of this, we present a novel measurement of the consistency of pathways across functional connectomes, and an algorithm for improvement by selecting the most frequently occurring "normative pathways" from the k shortest paths, instead of just the shortest path. We also look at this algorithm's effect on various graph measurements, using randomized matrix simulations to support the efficacy of this method and demonstrate our algorithm on the resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) of a group of 34 adolescent control participants. Additionally, a comparison of normative pathways is made with a group of 82 age-matched participants, diagnosed with MDD, and in doing so we find the normative pathways that are most disrupted. Our results, which are carried out with estimates of connectivity derived from correlation, partial correlation, and normalized mutual information connectomes, suggest disruption to the default mode, affective, and ventral attention networks. Normative pathways, especially with partial correlation, make greater use of critical anatomical pathways through the striatum, cingulum, and the cerebellum. In summary, MDD is characterized by a disruption of normative pathways of the ventral attention network, increases in alternative pathways in the frontoparietal network in MDD, and a mixture of both in the default mode network. Additionally, within- and between-groups findings depend on the estimate of connectivity.

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Oculomotor inhibition reflects temporal expectations

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Roy Amit, Dekel Abeles, Marisa Carrasco, Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg

Abstract

The accurate extraction of signals out of noisy environments is a major challenge of the perceptual system. Forming temporal expectations and continuously matching them with perceptual input can facilitate this process. In humans, temporal expectations are typically assessed using behavioral measures, which provide only retrospective but no real-time estimates during target anticipation, or by using electrophysiological measures, which require extensive preprocessing and are difficult to interpret. Here we show a new correlate of temporal expectations based on oculomotor behavior. Observers performed an orientation-discrimination task on a central grating target, while their gaze position and EEG were monitored. In each trial, a cue preceded the target by a varying interval ("foreperiod"). In separate blocks, the cue was either predictive or non-predictive regarding the timing of the target. Results showed that saccades and blinks were inhibited more prior to an anticipated regular target than a less-anticipated irregular one. This consistent oculomotor inhibition effect enabled a trial-by-trial classification according to interval-regularity. Additionally, in the regular condition the slope of saccade-rate and drift were shallower for longer than shorter foreperiods, indicating their adjustment according to temporal expectations. Comparing the sensitivity of this oculomotor marker with those of other common predictability markers (e.g. alpha-suppression) showed that it is a sensitive marker for cue-related anticipation. In contrast, temporal changes in conditional probabilities (hazard-rate) modulated alpha-suppression more than cue-related anticipation. We conclude that pre-target oculomotor inhibition is a correlate of temporal predictions induced by cue-target associations, whereas alpha-suppression is more sensitive to conditional probabilities across time.

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Hard to wake up? The cerebral correlates of sleep inertia assessed using combined behavioral, EEG and fMRI measures

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Raphael Vallat, David Meunier, Alain Nicolas, Perrine Ruby

Abstract

The first minutes following awakening from sleep are typically marked by reduced vigilance, increased sleepiness and impaired performance, a state referred to as sleep inertia. Although the behavioral aspects of sleep inertia are well documented, its cerebral correlates remain poorly understood. The present study aimed at filling this gap by measuring in 34 participants the changes in behavioral performance (descending subtraction task, DST), EEG spectral power, and resting-state fMRI functional connectivity across three time points: before an early-afternoon 45-min nap, 5 min after awakening from the nap and 25 min after awakening. Our results showed impaired performance at the DST at awakening and an intrusion of sleep-specific features (spectral power and functional connectivity) into wakefulness brain activity, the intensity of which was dependent on the prior sleep duration and depth for the functional connectivity (14 participants awakened from N2 sleep, 20 from N3 sleep). Awakening in N3 (deep) sleep induced the most robust changes and was characterized by a global loss of brain functional segregation between task-positive (dorsal attention, salience, sensorimotor) and task-negative (default mode) networks. Significant correlations were observed notably between the EEG delta power and the functional connectivity between the default and dorsal attention networks, as well as between the percentage of mistake at the DST and the default network functional connectivity. These results highlight (1) significant correlations between EEG and fMRI functional connectivity measures, (2) significant correlations between the behavioral aspect of sleep inertia and measures of the cerebral functioning at awakening (both EEG and fMRI), and (3) the important difference in the cerebral underpinnings of sleep inertia at awakening from N2 and N3 sleep.

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Water-exchange MRI detects subtle blood-brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer's disease rats

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Ben R. Dickie, Matthias Vandesquille, José Ulloa, Hervé Boutin, Laura M. Parkes, Geoff.J.M. Parker

Abstract

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been hypothesized to play a key role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the question of whether AD itself contributes to loss of BBB integrity is still uncertain, as many in-vivo studies have failed to detect signs of AD-related BBB breakdown. We hypothesize AD-related BBB damage is subtle, and that these negative results arise from a lack of measurement sensitivity. With the aim of developing a more sensitive measure of BBB breakdown, we have designed a novel MRI scanning protocol to quantify the trans-BBB exchange of endogenous water. Using this method, we detect increased BBB water permeability in a rat model of AD that is associated with reduced expression of the tight junction protein occludin. BBB permeability to MRI contrast agent, assessed using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, did not differ between transgenic and wild-type animals and was uncorrelated with occludin expression. Our data supports the occurrence of AD-related BBB breakdown, and indicates that such BBB pathology is subtle and may be undetectable using existing 'tracer leakage' methods. Our validated water-exchange MRI method provides a new powerful tool with which to study BBB damage in-vivo.

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Common and distinct neural substrates of the money illusion in win and loss domains

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Yi Huang, Rongjun Yu

Abstract

People often evaluate money based on its face value and overlook its real purchasing power, a phenomenon known as the money illusion. In the present study, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with a gambling task, we examined the neural signatures of the money illusion in both win and loss domains. Behavioral results showed that self-reported satisfaction with outcomes was modulated by the face value but not the true value of money in both win and loss domains. At the neural level, activity in the posterior insula was associated with the true value of money in the win domain, but not in the loss domain. Importantly, we found that the ventral striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala encoded the money illusion in both domains, indicating a domain-general rather than domain-specific neural signature. Moreover, participants with a larger degree of money illusion at the behavioral level showed stronger functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC) in the win domain, but stronger functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and amygdala in the loss domain. Our findings highlight the overlapping and distinct neural substrates underlying the money illusion in the context of wins and losses.

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Nuisance effects and the limitations of nuisance regression in dynamic functional connectivity fMRI

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Alican Nalci, Bhaskar D. Rao, Thomas T. Liu

Abstract

In resting-state fMRI, dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) measures are used to characterize temporal changes in the brain's intrinsic functional connectivity. A widely used approach for DFC estimation is the computation of the sliding window correlation between blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals from different brain regions. Although the source of temporal fluctuations in DFC estimates remains largely unknown, there is growing evidence that they may reflect dynamic shifts between functional brain networks. At the same time, recent findings suggest that DFC estimates might be prone to the influence of nuisance factors such as the physiological modulation of the BOLD signal. Therefore, nuisance regression is used in many DFC studies to regress out the effects of nuisance terms prior to the computation of DFC estimates. In this work we examined the relationship between seed-specific sliding window correlation-based DFC estimates and nuisance factors. We found that DFC estimates were significantly correlated with temporal fluctuations in the magnitude (norm) of various nuisance regressors. Strong correlations between the DFC estimates and nuisance regressor norms were found even when the underlying correlations between the nuisance and fMRI time courses were relatively small. We then show that nuisance regression does not necessarily eliminate the relationship between DFC estimates and nuisance norms, with significant correlations observed between the DFC estimates and nuisance norms even after nuisance regression. We present theoretical bounds on the difference between DFC estimates obtained before and after nuisance regression and relate these bounds to limitations in the efficacy of nuisance regression with regards to DFC estimates.

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Decoding motion direction using the topography of sustained ERPs and alpha oscillations

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Gi-Yeul Bae, Steven J. Luck

Abstract

The present study sought to determine whether scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) signals contain decodable information about the direction of motion in random dot kinematograms (RDKs), in which the motion information is spatially distributed and mixed with random noise. Any direction of motion from 0 to 360° was possible, and observers reported the precise direction of motion at the end of a 1500-ms stimulus display. We decoded the direction of motion separately during the motion period (during which motion information was being accumulated) and the report period (during which a shift of attention was necessary to make a fine-tuned direction report). Machine learning was used to decode the precise direction of motion (within ±11.25°) from the scalp distribution of either alpha-band EEG activity or sustained event-related potentials (ERPs). We found that ERP-based decoding was above chance (1/16) during both the stimulus and the report periods, whereas alpha-based decoding was above chance only during the report period. Thus, sustained ERPs contain information about spatially distributed direction-of-motion information, providing a new method for observing the accumulation of sensory information with high temporal resolution. By contrast, the scalp topography of alpha-band EEG activity appeared to mainly reflect spatially focused attentional processes rather than sensory information.

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Normative pathways in the functional connectome

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Matthew Leming, Li Su, Shayanti Chattopadhyay, John Suckling

Abstract

Functional connectivity is frequently derived from fMRI data to reduce a complex image of the brain to a graph, or "functional connectome". Often shortest-path algorithms are used to characterize and compare functional connectomes. Previous work on the identification and measurement of semi-metric (shortest circuitous) pathways in the functional connectome has discovered cross-sectional differences in major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and Alzheimer's disease. However, while measurements of shortest path length have been analyzed in functional connectomes, less work has been done to investigate the composition of the pathways themselves, or whether the edges composing pathways differ between individuals. Developments in this area would help us understand how pathways might be organized in mental disorders, and if a consistent pattern can be found. Furthermore, studies in structural brain connectivity and other real-world graphs suggest that shortest pathways may not be as important in functional connectivity studies as previously assumed. In light of this, we present a novel measurement of the consistency of pathways across functional connectomes, and an algorithm for improvement by selecting the most frequently occurring "normative pathways" from the k shortest paths, instead of just the shortest path. We also look at this algorithm's effect on various graph measurements, using randomized matrix simulations to support the efficacy of this method and demonstrate our algorithm on the resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) of a group of 34 adolescent control participants. Additionally, a comparison of normative pathways is made with a group of 82 age-matched participants, diagnosed with MDD, and in doing so we find the normative pathways that are most disrupted. Our results, which are carried out with estimates of connectivity derived from correlation, partial correlation, and normalized mutual information connectomes, suggest disruption to the default mode, affective, and ventral attention networks. Normative pathways, especially with partial correlation, make greater use of critical anatomical pathways through the striatum, cingulum, and the cerebellum. In summary, MDD is characterized by a disruption of normative pathways of the ventral attention network, increases in alternative pathways in the frontoparietal network in MDD, and a mixture of both in the default mode network. Additionally, within- and between-groups findings depend on the estimate of connectivity.

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Oculomotor inhibition reflects temporal expectations

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Roy Amit, Dekel Abeles, Marisa Carrasco, Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg

Abstract

The accurate extraction of signals out of noisy environments is a major challenge of the perceptual system. Forming temporal expectations and continuously matching them with perceptual input can facilitate this process. In humans, temporal expectations are typically assessed using behavioral measures, which provide only retrospective but no real-time estimates during target anticipation, or by using electrophysiological measures, which require extensive preprocessing and are difficult to interpret. Here we show a new correlate of temporal expectations based on oculomotor behavior. Observers performed an orientation-discrimination task on a central grating target, while their gaze position and EEG were monitored. In each trial, a cue preceded the target by a varying interval ("foreperiod"). In separate blocks, the cue was either predictive or non-predictive regarding the timing of the target. Results showed that saccades and blinks were inhibited more prior to an anticipated regular target than a less-anticipated irregular one. This consistent oculomotor inhibition effect enabled a trial-by-trial classification according to interval-regularity. Additionally, in the regular condition the slope of saccade-rate and drift were shallower for longer than shorter foreperiods, indicating their adjustment according to temporal expectations. Comparing the sensitivity of this oculomotor marker with those of other common predictability markers (e.g. alpha-suppression) showed that it is a sensitive marker for cue-related anticipation. In contrast, temporal changes in conditional probabilities (hazard-rate) modulated alpha-suppression more than cue-related anticipation. We conclude that pre-target oculomotor inhibition is a correlate of temporal predictions induced by cue-target associations, whereas alpha-suppression is more sensitive to conditional probabilities across time.

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Hard to wake up? The cerebral correlates of sleep inertia assessed using combined behavioral, EEG and fMRI measures

Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Raphael Vallat, David Meunier, Alain Nicolas, Perrine Ruby

Abstract

The first minutes following awakening from sleep are typically marked by reduced vigilance, increased sleepiness and impaired performance, a state referred to as sleep inertia. Although the behavioral aspects of sleep inertia are well documented, its cerebral correlates remain poorly understood. The present study aimed at filling this gap by measuring in 34 participants the changes in behavioral performance (descending subtraction task, DST), EEG spectral power, and resting-state fMRI functional connectivity across three time points: before an early-afternoon 45-min nap, 5 min after awakening from the nap and 25 min after awakening. Our results showed impaired performance at the DST at awakening and an intrusion of sleep-specific features (spectral power and functional connectivity) into wakefulness brain activity, the intensity of which was dependent on the prior sleep duration and depth for the functional connectivity (14 participants awakened from N2 sleep, 20 from N3 sleep). Awakening in N3 (deep) sleep induced the most robust changes and was characterized by a global loss of brain functional segregation between task-positive (dorsal attention, salience, sensorimotor) and task-negative (default mode) networks. Significant correlations were observed notably between the EEG delta power and the functional connectivity between the default and dorsal attention networks, as well as between the percentage of mistake at the DST and the default network functional connectivity. These results highlight (1) significant correlations between EEG and fMRI functional connectivity measures, (2) significant correlations between the behavioral aspect of sleep inertia and measures of the cerebral functioning at awakening (both EEG and fMRI), and (3) the important difference in the cerebral underpinnings of sleep inertia at awakening from N2 and N3 sleep.

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Water-exchange MRI detects subtle blood-brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer's disease rats

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Ben R. Dickie, Matthias Vandesquille, José Ulloa, Hervé Boutin, Laura M. Parkes, Geoff.J.M. Parker

Abstract

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been hypothesized to play a key role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the question of whether AD itself contributes to loss of BBB integrity is still uncertain, as many in-vivo studies have failed to detect signs of AD-related BBB breakdown. We hypothesize AD-related BBB damage is subtle, and that these negative results arise from a lack of measurement sensitivity. With the aim of developing a more sensitive measure of BBB breakdown, we have designed a novel MRI scanning protocol to quantify the trans-BBB exchange of endogenous water. Using this method, we detect increased BBB water permeability in a rat model of AD that is associated with reduced expression of the tight junction protein occludin. BBB permeability to MRI contrast agent, assessed using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, did not differ between transgenic and wild-type animals and was uncorrelated with occludin expression. Our data supports the occurrence of AD-related BBB breakdown, and indicates that such BBB pathology is subtle and may be undetectable using existing 'tracer leakage' methods. Our validated water-exchange MRI method provides a new powerful tool with which to study BBB damage in-vivo.

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Common and distinct neural substrates of the money illusion in win and loss domains

Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018

Source: NeuroImage

Author(s): Yi Huang, Rongjun Yu

Abstract

People often evaluate money based on its face value and overlook its real purchasing power, a phenomenon known as the money illusion. In the present study, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with a gambling task, we examined the neural signatures of the money illusion in both win and loss domains. Behavioral results showed that self-reported satisfaction with outcomes was modulated by the face value but not the true value of money in both win and loss domains. At the neural level, activity in the posterior insula was associated with the true value of money in the win domain, but not in the loss domain. Importantly, we found that the ventral striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala encoded the money illusion in both domains, indicating a domain-general rather than domain-specific neural signature. Moreover, participants with a larger degree of money illusion at the behavioral level showed stronger functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC) in the win domain, but stronger functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and amygdala in the loss domain. Our findings highlight the overlapping and distinct neural substrates underlying the money illusion in the context of wins and losses.

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Could a pain in the neck be thyroid cancer?

Could a pain in the neck be thyroid cancer?  All4WomenFull coverage

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Could a pain in the neck be thyroid cancer?

Could a pain in the neck be thyroid cancer?  All4WomenFull coverage

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Lichen planus and diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta ‐analysis

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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I ’m sorry about what happened to your son under anesthesia

It was a sunny morning in July, and I was scheduled at the outpatient center with the oral and maxillofacial surgeons for teeth extractions. One of my patients was your son, an athletic teenager, whose only medical history was asthma. According to you and him, he had not experienced any recent asthma attacks and had never been hospitalized or intubated. In terms of breathing, he said he felt "perfectly fine" for many years. The last time he took his inhaler was yesterday prior to exercising. He had not experienced any upper respiratory infections recently and was not having any difficulty breathing today. I placed my stethoscope on his chest and heard clear breath sounds. Reassured, I proceeded to finish setting up the operating room. Confession: there are many risks and side effects o...

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Orthorexia: The extreme quest for a healthy diet

The pursuit for the healthiest diet continues. Just as I was finishing writing this blog post, a new study came out suggesting that both low-carb and high-carb diets may shorten lifespan. In the 1980s and '90s, we were following the low-fat trend. These days, the ketogenic diet and the very-low-carb diet are all the rage. And if you think there is controversy about the right amount of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins you should eat, the conversation can get downright ugly if we start talking about specific items like gluten. Research continues to look for insight into the best diet for humans. But the relentless focus on diet and health may lead some people to obsessively seek a perfect "utopian" diet, a condition called orthorexia. The difference between healthy eating and orthorex...

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Oral leukoplakia; a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and pathologists

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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Lichen planus and diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta ‐analysis

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study of a 90 Day Intravaginal Ring Containing Tenofovir

Condition:   HIV Infections Interventions:   Drug: Tenofovir (TFV) IVR;   Drug: Placebo IVR Sponsor:   National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)

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I ’m sorry about what happened to your son under anesthesia

It was a sunny morning in July, and I was scheduled at the outpatient center with the oral and maxillofacial surgeons for teeth extractions. One of my patients was your son, an athletic teenager, whose only medical history was asthma. According to you and him, he had not experienced any recent asthma attacks and had never been hospitalized or intubated. In terms of breathing, he said he felt "perfectly fine" for many years. The last time he took his inhaler was yesterday prior to exercising. He had not experienced any upper respiratory infections recently and was not having any difficulty breathing today. I placed my stethoscope on his chest and heard clear breath sounds. Reassured, I proceeded to finish setting up the operating room. Confession: there are many risks and side effects o...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2N9SdRy

Orthorexia: The extreme quest for a healthy diet

The pursuit for the healthiest diet continues. Just as I was finishing writing this blog post, a new study came out suggesting that both low-carb and high-carb diets may shorten lifespan. In the 1980s and '90s, we were following the low-fat trend. These days, the ketogenic diet and the very-low-carb diet are all the rage. And if you think there is controversy about the right amount of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins you should eat, the conversation can get downright ugly if we start talking about specific items like gluten. Research continues to look for insight into the best diet for humans. But the relentless focus on diet and health may lead some people to obsessively seek a perfect "utopian" diet, a condition called orthorexia. The difference between healthy eating and orthorex...

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2018-2023 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapeutics Market Overview Along with Competitive Landscape, New ...

2018-2023 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapeutics Market Overview Along with Competitive Landscape, New ...  IDA ReportFull coverage

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2018-2023 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapeutics Market Overview Along with Competitive Landscape, New ...

2018-2023 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapeutics Market Overview Along with Competitive Landscape, New ...  IDA ReportFull coverage

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Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026

Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026  Find Market Research By Abhishek Budholiya (press release) (blog)Full coverage

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Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026

Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026  Find Market Research By Abhishek Budholiya (press release) (blog)Full coverage

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Throat Cancer Market to Expand Significantly During 2017 to 2022 | Exclusively Available at MarketResearchFuture.com

Throat Cancer Market to Expand Significantly During 2017 to 2022 | Exclusively Available at MarketResearchFuture.com  MENAFN.COMFull coverage

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Throat Cancer Market to Expand Significantly During 2017 to 2022 | Exclusively Available at MarketResearchFuture.com

Throat Cancer Market to Expand Significantly During 2017 to 2022 | Exclusively Available at MarketResearchFuture.com  MENAFN.COMFull coverage

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Scientists map interactions between head and neck cancer and HPV virus

Scientists map interactions between head and neck cancer and HPV virus  Science DailyMen with more than two oral sex partners are more likely to contract HPV  NEWS.com.auFull coverage

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Evaluation on prognostic efficacy of lymph nodes ratio (LNR) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in complicated colon cancer: the first study in emergency surgery

Lymph node involvement is one of the most important prognostic factors in colon cancer. Twelve is considered the minimum number of lymph nodes necessary to retain reliable tumour staging, but several factors c...

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Evaluation of blood flow on the remnant distal bowel during left-sided colectomy

Adequate blood flow in anastomosis is of paramount importance to prevent anastomotic leakage. However, it is sometimes difficult to predict the viability of the intestine during surgery. During left-sided cole...

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Progress of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy in gastric cancer

Gastric carcinoma, a highly common malignant tumor, is treated mainly by surgery. Meanwhile, radiotherapy is attracting increased attention as a crucial locoregional therapy. However, the application of radiot...

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Intraosseous intraneural perineurioma derived from the inferior alveolar nerve with an abnormality of chromosome 22 and expression of the BCR-ABL fusion gene: report of a case and review of recent literature

Perineurioma (PN) is a peripheral nerve disease that primarily develops in the limbs and trunk and very rarely occurs in the oral cavity. PN is classified into two types: intraneural perineurioma (INPN) and so...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MvovkS

Evaluation on prognostic efficacy of lymph nodes ratio (LNR) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in complicated colon cancer: the first study in emergency surgery

Lymph node involvement is one of the most important prognostic factors in colon cancer. Twelve is considered the minimum number of lymph nodes necessary to retain reliable tumour staging, but several factors c...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xaQ9il

Evaluation of blood flow on the remnant distal bowel during left-sided colectomy

Adequate blood flow in anastomosis is of paramount importance to prevent anastomotic leakage. However, it is sometimes difficult to predict the viability of the intestine during surgery. During left-sided cole...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Mqj0UE

Progress of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy in gastric cancer

Gastric carcinoma, a highly common malignant tumor, is treated mainly by surgery. Meanwhile, radiotherapy is attracting increased attention as a crucial locoregional therapy. However, the application of radiot...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2x8faLa

Intraosseous intraneural perineurioma derived from the inferior alveolar nerve with an abnormality of chromosome 22 and expression of the BCR-ABL fusion gene: report of a case and review of recent literature

Perineurioma (PN) is a peripheral nerve disease that primarily develops in the limbs and trunk and very rarely occurs in the oral cavity. PN is classified into two types: intraneural perineurioma (INPN) and so...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MvovkS