Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Gennaro Liccardi, Luigino Calzetta, Manlio Milanese, Giovanni Passalacqua, Paola Rogliani
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Ulrika Käck, Anna Asarnoj, Hans Grönlund, Magnus P. Borres, Marianne van Hage, Gunnar Lilja, Jon R. Konradsen
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Gennaro Liccardi, Luigino Calzetta, Manlio Milanese, Giovanni Passalacqua, Paola Rogliani
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Ulrika Käck, Anna Asarnoj, Hans Grönlund, Magnus P. Borres, Marianne van Hage, Gunnar Lilja, Jon R. Konradsen
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Andrea C. Blackman, Sara Anvari, Carla M. Davis, Aikaterini Anagnostou
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Christian Rosas-Salazar, Juan C. Celedón
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Mary Elizabeth Bollinger, Arlene Butz, Mona Tsoukleris, Cassia Lewis-Land, Shawna Mudd, Tricia Morphew
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Andrea C. Blackman, Sara Anvari, Carla M. Davis, Aikaterini Anagnostou
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Christian Rosas-Salazar, Juan C. Celedón
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Mary Elizabeth Bollinger, Arlene Butz, Mona Tsoukleris, Cassia Lewis-Land, Shawna Mudd, Tricia Morphew
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: NeuroImage
Author(s): Heather Shappell, Brian S. Caffo, James J. Pekar, Martin A. Lindquist
The study of functional brain networks has grown rapidly over the past decade. While most functional connectivity (FC) analyses estimate one static network structure for the entire length of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series, recently there has been increased interest in studying time-varying changes in FC. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have proven to be a useful modeling approach for discovering repeating graphs of interacting brain regions (brain states). However, a limitation lies in HMMs assuming that the sojourn time, the number of consecutive time points in a state, is geometrically distributed. This may encourage inaccurate estimation of the time spent in a state before switching to another state. We propose a hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) approach for inferring time-varying brain networks from fMRI data, which explicitly models the sojourn distribution. Specifically, we propose using HSMMs to find each subject's most probable series of network states and the graphs associated with each state, while properly estimating and modeling the sojourn distribution for each state. We perform a simulation study, as well as an analysis on both task-based fMRI data from an anxiety-inducing experiment and resting-state fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project. Our results demonstrate the importance of model choice when estimating sojourn times and reveal their potential for understanding healthy and diseased brain mechanisms.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: NeuroImage
Author(s): Heather Shappell, Brian S. Caffo, James J. Pekar, Martin A. Lindquist
The study of functional brain networks has grown rapidly over the past decade. While most functional connectivity (FC) analyses estimate one static network structure for the entire length of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series, recently there has been increased interest in studying time-varying changes in FC. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have proven to be a useful modeling approach for discovering repeating graphs of interacting brain regions (brain states). However, a limitation lies in HMMs assuming that the sojourn time, the number of consecutive time points in a state, is geometrically distributed. This may encourage inaccurate estimation of the time spent in a state before switching to another state. We propose a hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) approach for inferring time-varying brain networks from fMRI data, which explicitly models the sojourn distribution. Specifically, we propose using HSMMs to find each subject's most probable series of network states and the graphs associated with each state, while properly estimating and modeling the sojourn distribution for each state. We perform a simulation study, as well as an analysis on both task-based fMRI data from an anxiety-inducing experiment and resting-state fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project. Our results demonstrate the importance of model choice when estimating sojourn times and reveal their potential for understanding healthy and diseased brain mechanisms.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): R. Fariña, E. Moreno, J. Lolas, F. Silva, B. Martínez
The purpose of this study was to evaluate volumetric and dentoskeletal changes in 21 patients with active unilateral condylar hyperplasia (AUCH) after proportional condylectomy. A split-mouth design was used: control group healthy joints (HS, healthy side) and test group affected joints (AS, affected side) (21 per group). Cone beam tomography scans were obtained at T0 (preoperative), T1 (10 days after the intervention), and T2 (approximately 12 months post-surgery). The condylar unit volume (CUV), articular cavity volume (ACV), and dentoalveolar units (DAUs) were measured. CUV showed a difference of 1.12 cm3 between T0 and T1, increasing 0.4 cm3 between T1 and T2 on AS. There was no difference between T0 and T2 on HS. ACV increased 0.65 cm3 between T0 and T1 on AS, after which it decreased by 0.36 cm3 at T2 (0.30 cm3 larger than the initial articular cavity at T0). ACV showed no post-surgery differences on HS. Midline DAU showed extrusion of 0.20 mm for maxilla and 0.52 mm for mandible, while in the lateral area, maxilla was extruded by 0.3 mm on HS and was intruded 0.12 mm on AS. For the mandible, both sides showed extrusion (0.4–0.6 mm). In the distal to canine and molar areas, intrusion of 0.2 mm and 0.9 mm, respectively, was observed on AS; there was extrusion of 0.6 mm distal to the canine on HS. At the mandibular level, AS distal to the canine showed extrusion of 1 mm, while intrusion of 0.2 mm was observed in the molars. For HS, only extrusion at the molar level (0.2 mm) was observed. In conclusion, after proportional condylectomy, a neocondyle forms within 12 months to equal the healthy contralateral side. The articular cavity, which is reduced in the initial stage, increases in size after surgery and the volume gradually approaches that of the healthy side. Dentoalveolar changes occur at the anterior and posterior levels, causing intrusion and extrusion of the interdental crests. An early proportional condylectomy as the sole surgical treatment for patients with AUCH allows normalization of the maxillomandibular relationship.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): L.S. Wong, E. Lim, T.C. Lu, P.K.T. Chen
The surgical approach for the correction of residual velopharyngeal insufficiency requiring secondary surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital is the modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap (mFP-PF). The aim of this study was to describe the mFP-PF technique and to determine the results obtained with regard to improvements in velopharyngeal function in patients undergoing this surgery. This retrospective analysis included 58 non-syndromic patients treated during the period 1992–2015 who complained of hypernasal speech after primary cleft palate repair and failed postoperative speech therapy. All of them underwent mFP-PF surgery. Preoperative and postoperative perceptual speech assessment results were obtained. The male to female ratio in the study group was 1.2:1, and the mean patient age at the time of surgery was 8.27 years. The patients underwent nasoendoscopic examination and the velar closing ratio was categorized as 0.1–0.4 in 53.4% and 0.5–0.7 in 46.6%. The assessment of speech after mFP-PF showed statistically significant changes for all perceptual speech outcomes. The incidence of repeat surgery was 3.4%. This study revealed that 96.6% of patients did not require second surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency. Further studies on obstructive sleep apnoea in post-mFP-PF patients and improvements to the surgical technique should be considered.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): R. Lartizien, I. Zaccaria, C. Savoldelli, L. Noyelles, E. Chamorey, J.L. Cracowski, G. Bettega
Condyle repositioning during bilateral sagittal splint osteotomy (BSSO) is a challenging step for the inexperienced surgeon. We aimed to demonstrate the benefit of navigation for learning the condyle repositioning. We treated 100 patients who underwent a BSSO. A trainee performed the condyle repositioning of one side in two phases. In the first one, the trainee positioned without watching the screen of the Orthopilot Navigation system (ONS). In the second one, the trainee could use the ONS to replace the condyle. Heuristic, anatomical and functional scores of each phase were recorded. Heuristic (17% vs. 75%; p < 0.0001), anatomical (35% vs. 86%; p < 0.0001) and functional (14% vs. 56%; p < 0.0001) scores were significantly greater with the ONS. The ONS is a promising and original intraoperative learning tool for the repositioning of the condyle during BSSO.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): R. Fariña, E. Moreno, J. Lolas, F. Silva, B. Martínez
The purpose of this study was to evaluate volumetric and dentoskeletal changes in 21 patients with active unilateral condylar hyperplasia (AUCH) after proportional condylectomy. A split-mouth design was used: control group healthy joints (HS, healthy side) and test group affected joints (AS, affected side) (21 per group). Cone beam tomography scans were obtained at T0 (preoperative), T1 (10 days after the intervention), and T2 (approximately 12 months post-surgery). The condylar unit volume (CUV), articular cavity volume (ACV), and dentoalveolar units (DAUs) were measured. CUV showed a difference of 1.12 cm3 between T0 and T1, increasing 0.4 cm3 between T1 and T2 on AS. There was no difference between T0 and T2 on HS. ACV increased 0.65 cm3 between T0 and T1 on AS, after which it decreased by 0.36 cm3 at T2 (0.30 cm3 larger than the initial articular cavity at T0). ACV showed no post-surgery differences on HS. Midline DAU showed extrusion of 0.20 mm for maxilla and 0.52 mm for mandible, while in the lateral area, maxilla was extruded by 0.3 mm on HS and was intruded 0.12 mm on AS. For the mandible, both sides showed extrusion (0.4–0.6 mm). In the distal to canine and molar areas, intrusion of 0.2 mm and 0.9 mm, respectively, was observed on AS; there was extrusion of 0.6 mm distal to the canine on HS. At the mandibular level, AS distal to the canine showed extrusion of 1 mm, while intrusion of 0.2 mm was observed in the molars. For HS, only extrusion at the molar level (0.2 mm) was observed. In conclusion, after proportional condylectomy, a neocondyle forms within 12 months to equal the healthy contralateral side. The articular cavity, which is reduced in the initial stage, increases in size after surgery and the volume gradually approaches that of the healthy side. Dentoalveolar changes occur at the anterior and posterior levels, causing intrusion and extrusion of the interdental crests. An early proportional condylectomy as the sole surgical treatment for patients with AUCH allows normalization of the maxillomandibular relationship.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): L.S. Wong, E. Lim, T.C. Lu, P.K.T. Chen
The surgical approach for the correction of residual velopharyngeal insufficiency requiring secondary surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital is the modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap (mFP-PF). The aim of this study was to describe the mFP-PF technique and to determine the results obtained with regard to improvements in velopharyngeal function in patients undergoing this surgery. This retrospective analysis included 58 non-syndromic patients treated during the period 1992–2015 who complained of hypernasal speech after primary cleft palate repair and failed postoperative speech therapy. All of them underwent mFP-PF surgery. Preoperative and postoperative perceptual speech assessment results were obtained. The male to female ratio in the study group was 1.2:1, and the mean patient age at the time of surgery was 8.27 years. The patients underwent nasoendoscopic examination and the velar closing ratio was categorized as 0.1–0.4 in 53.4% and 0.5–0.7 in 46.6%. The assessment of speech after mFP-PF showed statistically significant changes for all perceptual speech outcomes. The incidence of repeat surgery was 3.4%. This study revealed that 96.6% of patients did not require second surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency. Further studies on obstructive sleep apnoea in post-mFP-PF patients and improvements to the surgical technique should be considered.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): R. Lartizien, I. Zaccaria, C. Savoldelli, L. Noyelles, E. Chamorey, J.L. Cracowski, G. Bettega
Condyle repositioning during bilateral sagittal splint osteotomy (BSSO) is a challenging step for the inexperienced surgeon. We aimed to demonstrate the benefit of navigation for learning the condyle repositioning. We treated 100 patients who underwent a BSSO. A trainee performed the condyle repositioning of one side in two phases. In the first one, the trainee positioned without watching the screen of the Orthopilot Navigation system (ONS). In the second one, the trainee could use the ONS to replace the condyle. Heuristic, anatomical and functional scores of each phase were recorded. Heuristic (17% vs. 75%; p < 0.0001), anatomical (35% vs. 86%; p < 0.0001) and functional (14% vs. 56%; p < 0.0001) scores were significantly greater with the ONS. The ONS is a promising and original intraoperative learning tool for the repositioning of the condyle during BSSO.
Publication date: Available online 11 February 2019
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Mert Sirakaya
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Saima Mushtaq, Edoardo Conte, Eleonora Melotti, Daniele Andreini
Despite several strategies have been developed by different vendors to improve image quality and diagnostic accuracy of coronary CT angiography performed at high heart rate (HR) and HR variability, as in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), some concerns and small clinical experience characterize these subsets of challenging patients. However, patients with AF have been reported to have higher risk of cardiovascular events and noninvasive evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease in this setting may be of extreme clinical interest. The goal of this review is to provide to the reader an overview on the use of cardiac CT in patients with AF and high HR and to outline the technological improvements recently introduced in the clinical field that may enable to definitively overcome the limitations of cardiac CT in this challenging scenario.
Publication date: Available online 11 February 2019
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Mert Sirakaya
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Saima Mushtaq, Edoardo Conte, Eleonora Melotti, Daniele Andreini
Despite several strategies have been developed by different vendors to improve image quality and diagnostic accuracy of coronary CT angiography performed at high heart rate (HR) and HR variability, as in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), some concerns and small clinical experience characterize these subsets of challenging patients. However, patients with AF have been reported to have higher risk of cardiovascular events and noninvasive evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease in this setting may be of extreme clinical interest. The goal of this review is to provide to the reader an overview on the use of cardiac CT in patients with AF and high HR and to outline the technological improvements recently introduced in the clinical field that may enable to definitively overcome the limitations of cardiac CT in this challenging scenario.
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of patient characteristics on edentulous subjects' preferences for different prosthodontic treatments with implants.
A cross‐sectional study was carried out with 131 edentulous subjects referred for treatment at a university clinic. Participants received detailed information about available treatment options, and were asked to rank their preferences among three alternatives for rehabilitation of the maxilla and mandible: conventional dentures (CD), 2‐implant retained overdentures (IOD) or 4‐implant fixed dentures (IFD). Individual data and prosthodontic‐related variables were assessed through interviews. Oral health‐related quality of life impacts were measured using the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous subjects (OHIP‐Edent). Descriptive statistics, bivariate tests, and binary and multinomial logistic regressions were used for data analysis.
The majority of participants chose CD as their most preferred treatment for the maxilla (45.8%), while IFD was the most prevalent choice for the mandible (38.9%). Regression analysis showed that the OHIP‐Edent "oral pain and dysfunction" (OPD) domain scores were positively associated with IOD preference for the maxilla (OR=1.31; p=0.010) and mandible (OR=1.46; p=0.002), and with IFD preference for the mandible (OR=1.20; p=0.031). Subjects with lower levels of formal education and those with lower income levels were less likely to choose IFD.
Level of education, income and perceived quality of life impacts are potentially predictive variables of edentulous patients' preference for rehabilitation with implants. These factors may constitute important aspects to be considered by clinicians when treatment planning for edentulous patients.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of patient characteristics on edentulous subjects' preferences for different prosthodontic treatments with implants.
A cross‐sectional study was carried out with 131 edentulous subjects referred for treatment at a university clinic. Participants received detailed information about available treatment options, and were asked to rank their preferences among three alternatives for rehabilitation of the maxilla and mandible: conventional dentures (CD), 2‐implant retained overdentures (IOD) or 4‐implant fixed dentures (IFD). Individual data and prosthodontic‐related variables were assessed through interviews. Oral health‐related quality of life impacts were measured using the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous subjects (OHIP‐Edent). Descriptive statistics, bivariate tests, and binary and multinomial logistic regressions were used for data analysis.
The majority of participants chose CD as their most preferred treatment for the maxilla (45.8%), while IFD was the most prevalent choice for the mandible (38.9%). Regression analysis showed that the OHIP‐Edent "oral pain and dysfunction" (OPD) domain scores were positively associated with IOD preference for the maxilla (OR=1.31; p=0.010) and mandible (OR=1.46; p=0.002), and with IFD preference for the mandible (OR=1.20; p=0.031). Subjects with lower levels of formal education and those with lower income levels were less likely to choose IFD.
Level of education, income and perceived quality of life impacts are potentially predictive variables of edentulous patients' preference for rehabilitation with implants. These factors may constitute important aspects to be considered by clinicians when treatment planning for edentulous patients.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between osteoporosis and salivary gland stone using a population‐based claims database.
A case‐control design.
Taiwan.
We retrieved the sample for this case‐control study from the Taiwan "Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005". All 557 patients aged 40 years or older with a diagnosis of sialolithiasis were cases and 1671 matched controls (without sialolithiasis) were selected.
We used the chi‐square test to explore differences between cases and controls on socio‐demographic characteristics. Furthermore, conditional logistic regressions were used to examine the association of sialolithiasis with previously diagnosed osteoporosis.
Of 2228 sampled patients, 171 (7.68%) had ever been previously diagnosed with osteoporosis; 58 (10.41%) among cases and 113 (6.76%) among controls (p=0.005). Conditional logistic regression analysis found that the odds ratio (OR) of prior osteoporosis for cases was 1.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24‐2.59, p=0.002) relative to controls after adjusting for urbanization, and the selected medical co‐morbidities. Furthermore, we found that among patients aged ≥65 years, the adjusted OR of prior osteoporosis for cases was 1.89 (95% CI=1.02‐3.51).No significant relationship was observed among patients aged <65 years old.
This study demonstrates an association between sialolithiasis and osteoporosis. Although the finding warrants further investigation, the results call for more awareness of the possible concurrence of osteoporosis among physicians and patients with salivary gland stones.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between osteoporosis and salivary gland stone using a population‐based claims database.
A case‐control design.
Taiwan.
We retrieved the sample for this case‐control study from the Taiwan "Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005". All 557 patients aged 40 years or older with a diagnosis of sialolithiasis were cases and 1671 matched controls (without sialolithiasis) were selected.
We used the chi‐square test to explore differences between cases and controls on socio‐demographic characteristics. Furthermore, conditional logistic regressions were used to examine the association of sialolithiasis with previously diagnosed osteoporosis.
Of 2228 sampled patients, 171 (7.68%) had ever been previously diagnosed with osteoporosis; 58 (10.41%) among cases and 113 (6.76%) among controls (p=0.005). Conditional logistic regression analysis found that the odds ratio (OR) of prior osteoporosis for cases was 1.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24‐2.59, p=0.002) relative to controls after adjusting for urbanization, and the selected medical co‐morbidities. Furthermore, we found that among patients aged ≥65 years, the adjusted OR of prior osteoporosis for cases was 1.89 (95% CI=1.02‐3.51).No significant relationship was observed among patients aged <65 years old.
This study demonstrates an association between sialolithiasis and osteoporosis. Although the finding warrants further investigation, the results call for more awareness of the possible concurrence of osteoporosis among physicians and patients with salivary gland stones.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Recent evidence suggests that reducing radiotherapy dose delivered to specific anatomical swallowing structures [Swallowing Organs at Risk (SWOARs)] may improve swallowing outcomes post-treatment for patients with head and neck cancer. However, for those patients with tumours of the oropharynx, which typically directly overlap the SWOARs, reducing dose to these structures may be unachievable without compromising on the treatment of the disease. To assess the feasibility of dose reduction in this cohort, standard IMRT plans (ST-IMRT) and plans with reduced dose to the SWOARs (SW-IMRT) were generated for 25 oropharyngeal cancer patients (Brouwer et al. in Radiother Oncol 117(1):83–90, http://bit.ly/2I5RkHK, 2015; Christianen et al. in Radiother Oncol 101(3):394–402, http://bit.ly/2GkW3Uo, 2011). ST-IMRT and SW-IMRT plans were compared for: mean dose to the SWOARs, volume of pharynx and larynx receiving 50 Gy and 60 Gy (V50 and V60 respectively) and overlap between the tumour volume and the SWOARs. Additionally, two different SWOARs delineation guidelines (Brouwer et al. in Radiother Oncol 117(1):83–90, http://bit.ly/2I5RkHK, 2015; Christianen et al. in Radiother Oncol 101(3):394–402, http://bit.ly/2GkW3Uo, 2011) were used to highlight differences in calculated volumes between existing contouring guidelines. Agreement in SWOARs volumes between the two guidelines was calculated using a concordance index (CI). Despite a large overlap between the tumour and SWOARs, significant (p < 0.05) reductions in mean dose to 4 of the 5 SWOARs, and V50/V60 for the pharynx and larynx were achieved with SW-IMRT plans. Low CIs per structure (0.15–0.45) were found between the two guidelines highlighting issues comparing data between studies when different guidelines have been used (Hawkins et al. in Semin Radiat Oncol 28(1):46–52, http://bit.ly/2I8RcqW, 2018; Brodin et al. in Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 100(2):391–407, http://bit.ly/2GjtUwJ, 2018). This study found reducing dose to the SWOARs is a feasible practice for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. However, future prospective research is needed to determine if the extent of dose reduction achieved equates to clinical benefits.
Recent evidence suggests that reducing radiotherapy dose delivered to specific anatomical swallowing structures [Swallowing Organs at Risk (SWOARs)] may improve swallowing outcomes post-treatment for patients with head and neck cancer. However, for those patients with tumours of the oropharynx, which typically directly overlap the SWOARs, reducing dose to these structures may be unachievable without compromising on the treatment of the disease. To assess the feasibility of dose reduction in this cohort, standard IMRT plans (ST-IMRT) and plans with reduced dose to the SWOARs (SW-IMRT) were generated for 25 oropharyngeal cancer patients (Brouwer et al. in Radiother Oncol 117(1):83–90, http://bit.ly/2I5RkHK, 2015; Christianen et al. in Radiother Oncol 101(3):394–402, http://bit.ly/2GkW3Uo, 2011). ST-IMRT and SW-IMRT plans were compared for: mean dose to the SWOARs, volume of pharynx and larynx receiving 50 Gy and 60 Gy (V50 and V60 respectively) and overlap between the tumour volume and the SWOARs. Additionally, two different SWOARs delineation guidelines (Brouwer et al. in Radiother Oncol 117(1):83–90, http://bit.ly/2I5RkHK, 2015; Christianen et al. in Radiother Oncol 101(3):394–402, http://bit.ly/2GkW3Uo, 2011) were used to highlight differences in calculated volumes between existing contouring guidelines. Agreement in SWOARs volumes between the two guidelines was calculated using a concordance index (CI). Despite a large overlap between the tumour and SWOARs, significant (p < 0.05) reductions in mean dose to 4 of the 5 SWOARs, and V50/V60 for the pharynx and larynx were achieved with SW-IMRT plans. Low CIs per structure (0.15–0.45) were found between the two guidelines highlighting issues comparing data between studies when different guidelines have been used (Hawkins et al. in Semin Radiat Oncol 28(1):46–52, http://bit.ly/2I8RcqW, 2018; Brodin et al. in Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 100(2):391–407, http://bit.ly/2GjtUwJ, 2018). This study found reducing dose to the SWOARs is a feasible practice for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. However, future prospective research is needed to determine if the extent of dose reduction achieved equates to clinical benefits.
Differentiation of benign from malignant lymphadenopathy remains challenging in pediatric radiology. Textural analysis (TA) quantitates heterogeneity of tissue signal intensities and has been applied to analysis of CT images.
The purpose of this study was to establish whether CT textural analysis of enlarged lymph nodes visualized on pediatric CT can distinguish benign from malignant lymphadenopathy.
We retrospectively identified enlarged lymph nodes measuring 10–20 mm on contrast-enhanced CTs of patients age 18 years and younger that had been categorized as benign or malignant based on the known diagnoses. We placed regions of interest (ROIs) over lymph nodes of interest and performed textural analysis with and without feature size filtration. We then calculated test performance characteristics for TA features, along with multivariate logistic regression modeling using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) minimization, to determine the optimal thresholds for distinguishing benign from malignant lymphadenopathy.
We identified 34 enlarged malignant nodes and 29 benign nodes from 63 patients within the 10- to 20-mm size range. Filtered image TA exhibited 82.4% sensitivity, 86.2% specificity and 84.1% accuracy for detecting malignant lymph nodes using mean and entropy parameters, whereas unfiltered TA exhibited 88.2% sensitivity, 72.4% specificity and 81.0% accuracy using mean and mean value of positive pixels parameters.
This preliminary study demonstrates that the use of TA features improves the utility of pediatric CT to distinguish benign from malignant lymphadenopathy. The addition of TA to pediatric CT protocols has great potential to aid the characterization of indeterminate lymph nodes. If definitive differentiation between benign and malignant lymphadenopathy is possible by TA, it has the potential to reduce the need for follow-up imaging and tissue sampling, with reduced associated radiation exposure. However future studies are needed to confirm the clinical applicability of TA in distinguishing benign from malignant lymphadenopathy.
Differentiation of benign from malignant lymphadenopathy remains challenging in pediatric radiology. Textural analysis (TA) quantitates heterogeneity of tissue signal intensities and has been applied to analysis of CT images.
The purpose of this study was to establish whether CT textural analysis of enlarged lymph nodes visualized on pediatric CT can distinguish benign from malignant lymphadenopathy.
We retrospectively identified enlarged lymph nodes measuring 10–20 mm on contrast-enhanced CTs of patients age 18 years and younger that had been categorized as benign or malignant based on the known diagnoses. We placed regions of interest (ROIs) over lymph nodes of interest and performed textural analysis with and without feature size filtration. We then calculated test performance characteristics for TA features, along with multivariate logistic regression modeling using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) minimization, to determine the optimal thresholds for distinguishing benign from malignant lymphadenopathy.
We identified 34 enlarged malignant nodes and 29 benign nodes from 63 patients within the 10- to 20-mm size range. Filtered image TA exhibited 82.4% sensitivity, 86.2% specificity and 84.1% accuracy for detecting malignant lymph nodes using mean and entropy parameters, whereas unfiltered TA exhibited 88.2% sensitivity, 72.4% specificity and 81.0% accuracy using mean and mean value of positive pixels parameters.
This preliminary study demonstrates that the use of TA features improves the utility of pediatric CT to distinguish benign from malignant lymphadenopathy. The addition of TA to pediatric CT protocols has great potential to aid the characterization of indeterminate lymph nodes. If definitive differentiation between benign and malignant lymphadenopathy is possible by TA, it has the potential to reduce the need for follow-up imaging and tissue sampling, with reduced associated radiation exposure. However future studies are needed to confirm the clinical applicability of TA in distinguishing benign from malignant lymphadenopathy.
Phytotherapeutic remedies can be responsible for allergic and irritant contact dermatitis and even chemical burns (1). We report a case of irritant contact dermatitis due to alcoholic extract from Juglans regia leaves.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Phytotherapeutic remedies can be responsible for allergic and irritant contact dermatitis and even chemical burns (1). We report a case of irritant contact dermatitis due to alcoholic extract from Juglans regia leaves.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Condition: HIV Interventions: Biological: VRC-HIVMAB060-00-AB (VRC01); Biological: 10-1074; Biological: Normal Saline Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DsdIWk
Condition: Opioid Addiction Interventions: Drug: MDZ; Drug: ANS-6637 Sponsors: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Srx1JE
Conditions: Intervention; Food Allergy; Food Preferences; Food Intolerance; Diet Habit; Diet Modification Intervention: Behavioral: Multicomponent intervention Sponsors: University Rovira i Virgili; Diputació de Tarragona Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Candida Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Active, not recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Allergy Intervention: Other: Nurse Led Allergy Clinic Sponsors: University of Edinburgh; Allergy UK Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DqPQSS
Conditions: Hepatitis E; Immunisation Interventions: Biological: HEV 239; Other: Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Pulmonary Invasive Mold Infections; Pulmonary Invasive Aspergillosis Intervention: Diagnostic Test: Non-Invasive Testing for PIMI Sponsors: Duke University; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: HIV Interventions: Biological: VRC-HIVMAB060-00-AB (VRC01); Biological: 10-1074; Biological: Normal Saline Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Opioid Addiction Interventions: Drug: MDZ; Drug: ANS-6637 Sponsors: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Intervention; Food Allergy; Food Preferences; Food Intolerance; Diet Habit; Diet Modification Intervention: Behavioral: Multicomponent intervention Sponsors: University Rovira i Virgili; Diputació de Tarragona Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Candida Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Active, not recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Allergy Intervention: Other: Nurse Led Allergy Clinic Sponsors: University of Edinburgh; Allergy UK Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Hepatitis E; Immunisation Interventions: Biological: HEV 239; Other: Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2StLvIP
Conditions: Pulmonary Invasive Mold Infections; Pulmonary Invasive Aspergillosis Intervention: Diagnostic Test: Non-Invasive Testing for PIMI Sponsors: Duke University; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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To retrospectively evaluate the false negative rate of ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) according to the nodule size and ultrasound pattern.
We included 432 consecutive thyroid nodules from 384 patients who underwent ultrasound‐guided FNA with benign results (≥1 cm). The false negative rate in the nodules was assessed according to the nodule size and ultrasound pattern based on the Korean‐Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K‐TIRADS).
The overall false negative rate was 3.2%. There was a trend toward an increasing false negative rate as the K‐TIRADS score increased (P < .001). In low or high suspicion nodules (K‐TIRADS 3 and 5), there was no significant difference in false negative rate according to the nodule size; however, among the intermediate suspicion nodules (K‐TIRADS 4), the false negative rate was higher in large nodules (≥3 cm, P = .039).
The impact of nodule size on the false negative rate differed according to the ultrasound pattern.
To retrospectively evaluate the false negative rate of ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) according to the nodule size and ultrasound pattern.
We included 432 consecutive thyroid nodules from 384 patients who underwent ultrasound‐guided FNA with benign results (≥1 cm). The false negative rate in the nodules was assessed according to the nodule size and ultrasound pattern based on the Korean‐Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K‐TIRADS).
The overall false negative rate was 3.2%. There was a trend toward an increasing false negative rate as the K‐TIRADS score increased (P < .001). In low or high suspicion nodules (K‐TIRADS 3 and 5), there was no significant difference in false negative rate according to the nodule size; however, among the intermediate suspicion nodules (K‐TIRADS 4), the false negative rate was higher in large nodules (≥3 cm, P = .039).
The impact of nodule size on the false negative rate differed according to the ultrasound pattern.
The TWiV crew reveal a unique portal on the calcivirus capsid formed upon receptor engagement, and the regulation of interferon responses in virus-infected cells by methylation of mRNA. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode European Congress of Virology 2019 ASM Clinical Virology Symposium Intel ISEF judges needed Calicivirus portal visualized (Nature) Calicivirus portal - long version (biorXiv) m6A modification and innate response (Nat Immunol) Brianne Barker's immunology course m6A modification and innate response (Genes Dev) Letters read on TWiV 534 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Science Picks Brianne - The Red Queen's Race Car...
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Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Closer Look at the Burden on Patients and Caregivers From Diagnosis to Treatment (Source: PeerView CME/CE Audio Podcast - Immunology)
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The TWiV crew reveal a unique portal on the calcivirus capsid formed upon receptor engagement, and the regulation of interferon responses in virus-infected cells by methylation of mRNA. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode European Congress of Virology 2019 ASM Clinical Virology Symposium Intel ISEF judges needed Calicivirus portal visualized (Nature) Calicivirus portal - long version (biorXiv) m6A modification and innate response (Nat Immunol) Brianne Barker's immunology course m6A modification and innate response (Genes Dev) Letters read on TWiV 534 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Science Picks Brianne - The Red Queen's Race Car...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Closer Look at the Burden on Patients and Caregivers From Diagnosis to Treatment (Source: PeerView CME/CE Audio Podcast - Immunology)
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Links between multimorbidity of allergic diseases and allergen sensitization are still under debate, especially in adults. This study aimed to establish a relationship between polysensitization and allergic multimorbidity in children and adults and the allergens involved in multimorbidity.
A cross-sectional multicentre study enrolled children aged 6–7 and 13–14 years and adults aged 20–44 years from a Polish national cohort. The diagnosis of allergic diseases was made by a physician. Skin prick tests to 13 allergens and serum IgE levels to 4 allergens were tested.
Among the 3856 participants, single disease (asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis) was diagnosed in 27.7% subjects and allergic multimorbidity in 9.3%. Allergic multimorbidity occurred more commonly in children than in adults (p < 0.01). Asthma or atopic dermatitis alone were not associated with polysensitization. Rhinitis and multimorbidity were associated with polysensitization. Allergic multimorbidity occurred in 2.2% of participants with negative skin prick tests, 9.8% of those with one positive prick test (SPT ≥ 3 mm) and 20.6% of polysensitized ones (p < 0.001). There was an increasing risk of multimorbidity depending on the number of positive prick tests for both SPT ≥ 3 mm (OR 9.6–16.5) and SPT ≥ 6 mm (OR 5.9–13.7). A statistically significant relationship was found between allergic multimorbidity and sensitization to cat and mite allergens.
Multimorbidity is associated with polysensitization especially in children compared with adults in Polish population cohort. New insights into single disease patterns were found: bronchial asthma is the strongest risk factor for the development of multimorbidity in comparison with allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.
Links between multimorbidity of allergic diseases and allergen sensitization are still under debate, especially in adults. This study aimed to establish a relationship between polysensitization and allergic multimorbidity in children and adults and the allergens involved in multimorbidity.
A cross-sectional multicentre study enrolled children aged 6–7 and 13–14 years and adults aged 20–44 years from a Polish national cohort. The diagnosis of allergic diseases was made by a physician. Skin prick tests to 13 allergens and serum IgE levels to 4 allergens were tested.
Among the 3856 participants, single disease (asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis) was diagnosed in 27.7% subjects and allergic multimorbidity in 9.3%. Allergic multimorbidity occurred more commonly in children than in adults (p < 0.01). Asthma or atopic dermatitis alone were not associated with polysensitization. Rhinitis and multimorbidity were associated with polysensitization. Allergic multimorbidity occurred in 2.2% of participants with negative skin prick tests, 9.8% of those with one positive prick test (SPT ≥ 3 mm) and 20.6% of polysensitized ones (p < 0.001). There was an increasing risk of multimorbidity depending on the number of positive prick tests for both SPT ≥ 3 mm (OR 9.6–16.5) and SPT ≥ 6 mm (OR 5.9–13.7). A statistically significant relationship was found between allergic multimorbidity and sensitization to cat and mite allergens.
Multimorbidity is associated with polysensitization especially in children compared with adults in Polish population cohort. New insights into single disease patterns were found: bronchial asthma is the strongest risk factor for the development of multimorbidity in comparison with allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.
. (Source: Aphasiology)
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The surgical approach for the correction of residual velopharyngeal insufficiency requiring secondary surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital is the modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap (mFP-PF). The aim of this study was to describe the mFP-PF technique and to determine the results obtained with regard to improvements in velopharyngeal function in patients undergoing this surgery. This retrospective analysis included 58 non-syndromic patients treated during the period 1992 –2015 who complained of hypernasal speech after primary cleft palate repair and failed postoperative speech therapy. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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The surgical approach for the correction of residual velopharyngeal insufficiency requiring secondary surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital is the modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap (mFP-PF). The aim of this study was to describe the mFP-PF technique and to determine the results obtained with regard to improvements in velopharyngeal function in patients undergoing this surgery. This retrospective analysis included 58 non-syndromic patients treated during the period 1992 –2015 who complained of hypernasal speech after primary cleft palate repair and failed postoperative speech therapy. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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. (Source: Hearing, Balance and Communication)
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. (Source: Cochlear Implants International)
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. (Source: Hearing, Balance and Communication)
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. (Source: Hearing, Balance and Communication)
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. (Source: Cochlear Implants International)
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. (Source: Hearing, Balance and Communication)
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Condition: HIV Interventions: Biological: VRC-HIVMAB060-00-AB (VRC01); Biological: 10-1074; Biological: Normal Saline Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Opioid Addiction Interventions: Drug: MDZ; Drug: ANS-6637 Sponsors: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Candida Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Active, not recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Soyn81
Conditions: Intervention; Food Allergy; Food Preferences; Food Intolerance; Diet Habit; Diet Modification Intervention: Behavioral: Multicomponent intervention Sponsors: University Rovira i Virgili; Diputació de Tarragona Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Pulmonary Invasive Mold Infections; Pulmonary Invasive Aspergillosis Intervention: Diagnostic Test: Non-Invasive Testing for PIMI Sponsors: Duke University; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Snf92l
Condition: Allergy Intervention: Other: Nurse Led Allergy Clinic Sponsors: University of Edinburgh; Allergy UK Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Hepatitis E; Immunisation Interventions: Biological: HEV 239; Other: Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: HIV Interventions: Biological: VRC-HIVMAB060-00-AB (VRC01); Biological: 10-1074; Biological: Normal Saline Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SncXYW
Condition: Opioid Addiction Interventions: Drug: MDZ; Drug: ANS-6637 Sponsors: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dlj45m
Condition: Candida Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Active, not recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Soyn81
Conditions: Intervention; Food Allergy; Food Preferences; Food Intolerance; Diet Habit; Diet Modification Intervention: Behavioral: Multicomponent intervention Sponsors: University Rovira i Virgili; Diputació de Tarragona Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Pulmonary Invasive Mold Infections; Pulmonary Invasive Aspergillosis Intervention: Diagnostic Test: Non-Invasive Testing for PIMI Sponsors: Duke University; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Snf92l
Condition: Allergy Intervention: Other: Nurse Led Allergy Clinic Sponsors: University of Edinburgh; Allergy UK Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Conditions: Hepatitis E; Immunisation Interventions: Biological: HEV 239; Other: Placebo Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Margit Bristela, Astrid Skolka, Jaryna Eder, Pavol Szomolanyi, Michael Weber, Eva Piehslinger, Martina Schmid-Schwap, Siegfried Trattnig
T2 mapping, as a quantitative biochemical MRI-technique that provides information on water and collagen fiber content and composition, was shown to be clinically feasible for the evaluation of healthy temporomandibular joints.
The aim of our study was to compare the T2 values of whole discs in patients with and without disc dislocation, to evaluate the possible influence of morphological findings on T2 values and to assess the interrater agreement.
Sixty-six patients were included in the study. Three experienced examiners assessed the perceptibility of the morphological parameters and the position of the articular disc on the morphological MR images. On the T2 maps, the T2 values of the region-of-interest (ROI) were assessed.
The ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) for the reproducibility of the T2 values was 0.717. The assessment of the morphologic parameters was excellent or good in most of the discs. There was no significant difference in the T2 values based on disc position or signal intensity. But, a statistically significant moderation effect (p = .014) could be identified, indicating that the effect of disc position differs for different signal intensities. Condyle position, effusion, and degenerative changes showed pronounced moderation effects on the T2 values.
Due to the high sensitivity to effusion, T2 mapping currently seems to be unsuitable as a diagnostic tool for routine use in the temporomandibular joint. The moderation effect clearly shows the influence of factors such as signal intensity, effusion, arthrosis, and condyle position. Perhaps a solution for these problems could be the development of dedicated TMJ coils for higher field strengths at 7.0 T.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Margit Bristela, Astrid Skolka, Jaryna Eder, Pavol Szomolanyi, Michael Weber, Eva Piehslinger, Martina Schmid-Schwap, Siegfried Trattnig
T2 mapping, as a quantitative biochemical MRI-technique that provides information on water and collagen fiber content and composition, was shown to be clinically feasible for the evaluation of healthy temporomandibular joints.
The aim of our study was to compare the T2 values of whole discs in patients with and without disc dislocation, to evaluate the possible influence of morphological findings on T2 values and to assess the interrater agreement.
Sixty-six patients were included in the study. Three experienced examiners assessed the perceptibility of the morphological parameters and the position of the articular disc on the morphological MR images. On the T2 maps, the T2 values of the region-of-interest (ROI) were assessed.
The ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) for the reproducibility of the T2 values was 0.717. The assessment of the morphologic parameters was excellent or good in most of the discs. There was no significant difference in the T2 values based on disc position or signal intensity. But, a statistically significant moderation effect (p = .014) could be identified, indicating that the effect of disc position differs for different signal intensities. Condyle position, effusion, and degenerative changes showed pronounced moderation effects on the T2 values.
Due to the high sensitivity to effusion, T2 mapping currently seems to be unsuitable as a diagnostic tool for routine use in the temporomandibular joint. The moderation effect clearly shows the influence of factors such as signal intensity, effusion, arthrosis, and condyle position. Perhaps a solution for these problems could be the development of dedicated TMJ coils for higher field strengths at 7.0 T.
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging
Author(s): Edel Doyle, Nicholas Márquez-Grant, Lisa Field, Trish Holmes, Owen J Arthurs, Rick R. van Rijn, Lucina Hackman, Kathleen Kasper, Jim Lewis, Peter Loomis, Denise Elliott, Jeroen Kroll, Mark Viner, Soren Blau, Alison Brough, Stella Martín de las Heras, Pedro Manuel Garamendi
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2019
Source: Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging
Author(s): Edel Doyle, Nicholas Márquez-Grant, Lisa Field, Trish Holmes, Owen J Arthurs, Rick R. van Rijn, Lucina Hackman, Kathleen Kasper, Jim Lewis, Peter Loomis, Denise Elliott, Jeroen Kroll, Mark Viner, Soren Blau, Alison Brough, Stella Martín de las Heras, Pedro Manuel Garamendi
Ameloblastoma is a locally infiltrative, aggressive epithelial odontogenic neoplasm. BRAF‐V600E mutation is frequently found in this tumor and has a pivotal role in its pathogenesis, but the consequences of this alteration need to be addressed. An untargeted metabolomics approach was applied to verify whether metabolic disturbances are related to tumor biology and whether BRAF‐V600E mutation contributes to these alterations.
Formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens from thirteen ameloblastoma and six dental follicles were included in this study. BRAF mutational status was determined by competitive allele‐specific real‐time PCR. Metabolite extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were employed to compare the metabolic profiles of the samples.
The abundance of eleven metabolites were significantly higher in ameloblastoma in relation to dental follicles, including amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, inorganic acids, and organoheterocyclic compounds. The presence of BRAF‐V600E mutations in ameloblastoma was related to decreased levels of glycerol in comparison to tumors carrying only wild‐type alleles of this gene. No metabolic differences were observed between recurrent and primary manifestations of ameloblastoma.
Ameloblastoma exhibits a distinct metabolic profile from normal odontogenic epithelium. BRAF‐V600E may contribute to metabolic alterations in ameloblastoma. Collectively, our findings suggest that metabolic alterations might play a role in tumor pathogenesis.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Geographic tongue (GT) has been described as a predictor of psoriasis. The objective of this study was to analyse the prevalence of GT in psoriatic and non‐psoriatic patients. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis. A literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The search and selection process was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) criteria. Only case‐control studies were selected and the prevalence of GT in both groups was compared. Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria and the frequency of GT was statistically associated with psoriasis in ten studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 3.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.56–4.86). There were no significant differences between the presence of GT and the clinical form. However, the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score was statistically higher in patients affected by GT in three of four studies. Psoriatic patients with GT also exhibited less improvement in the PASI score after treatment. One study found an association between GT and a negative impact on patients' quality of life. Nevertheless, age, gender, toxic habits, psoriasis onset and duration of the disease were not clearly associated. The results support the concept of GT as a manifestation of psoriasis. Future research should focus on the repercussions of GT in psoriatic patients, due to the negative consequences on severity and treatment response.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Ameloblastoma is a locally infiltrative, aggressive epithelial odontogenic neoplasm. BRAF‐V600E mutation is frequently found in this tumor and has a pivotal role in its pathogenesis, but the consequences of this alteration need to be addressed. An untargeted metabolomics approach was applied to verify whether metabolic disturbances are related to tumor biology and whether BRAF‐V600E mutation contributes to these alterations.
Formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens from thirteen ameloblastoma and six dental follicles were included in this study. BRAF mutational status was determined by competitive allele‐specific real‐time PCR. Metabolite extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were employed to compare the metabolic profiles of the samples.
The abundance of eleven metabolites were significantly higher in ameloblastoma in relation to dental follicles, including amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, inorganic acids, and organoheterocyclic compounds. The presence of BRAF‐V600E mutations in ameloblastoma was related to decreased levels of glycerol in comparison to tumors carrying only wild‐type alleles of this gene. No metabolic differences were observed between recurrent and primary manifestations of ameloblastoma.
Ameloblastoma exhibits a distinct metabolic profile from normal odontogenic epithelium. BRAF‐V600E may contribute to metabolic alterations in ameloblastoma. Collectively, our findings suggest that metabolic alterations might play a role in tumor pathogenesis.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Geographic tongue (GT) has been described as a predictor of psoriasis. The objective of this study was to analyse the prevalence of GT in psoriatic and non‐psoriatic patients. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis. A literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The search and selection process was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) criteria. Only case‐control studies were selected and the prevalence of GT in both groups was compared. Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria and the frequency of GT was statistically associated with psoriasis in ten studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 3.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.56–4.86). There were no significant differences between the presence of GT and the clinical form. However, the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score was statistically higher in patients affected by GT in three of four studies. Psoriatic patients with GT also exhibited less improvement in the PASI score after treatment. One study found an association between GT and a negative impact on patients' quality of life. Nevertheless, age, gender, toxic habits, psoriasis onset and duration of the disease were not clearly associated. The results support the concept of GT as a manifestation of psoriasis. Future research should focus on the repercussions of GT in psoriatic patients, due to the negative consequences on severity and treatment response.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign, rare and highly vascular tumour, occurring in adolescent males.
Clinical records of 27 patients who underwent surgical resection, performed between 1989 and 2017, were reviewed.
Three patients were submitted to paralatero‐nasal rhinotomy, 23 patients (85%), to the sublabial transnasomaxillary approach (Rouge Denker approach), complemented in 19 (70.0%) with transpalatine approach (Wilson technique). Endoscopic resection was performed only at one patient stage IB.
There were no cases of death, major significant complications or significant morbidity. Persistence rate was 18.5% and recurrence rate 14.8%.
Patients with tumour extension to infratemporal fossa and no massive cavernous sinus invasion may be treated effectively without previous embolization and facial scars, with sublabial transnasomaxillary approach (Rouge Denker approach), complemented with transpalatine approach (Wilson technique).
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign, rare and highly vascular tumour, occurring in adolescent males.
Clinical records of 27 patients who underwent surgical resection, performed between 1989 and 2017, were reviewed.
Three patients were submitted to paralatero‐nasal rhinotomy, 23 patients (85%), to the sublabial transnasomaxillary approach (Rouge Denker approach), complemented in 19 (70.0%) with transpalatine approach (Wilson technique). Endoscopic resection was performed only at one patient stage IB.
There were no cases of death, major significant complications or significant morbidity. Persistence rate was 18.5% and recurrence rate 14.8%.
Patients with tumour extension to infratemporal fossa and no massive cavernous sinus invasion may be treated effectively without previous embolization and facial scars, with sublabial transnasomaxillary approach (Rouge Denker approach), complemented with transpalatine approach (Wilson technique).
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The aim of this randomized split‐mouth clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of ozone therapy on clinical and biochemical parameters of moderate to severe generalized periodontitis patients after non‐surgical periodontal therapy.
A total of 36 moderate to severe generalized periodontitis patients were included in the study. The patients were systemically healthy and 18 to 64 years of age. Periodontal parameters, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), percentage of bleeding on probing, percentage of pockets deeper than 5 mm and clinical attachment level (CAL), and percentage of ≥3 mm CAL were evaluated at baseline and 3 months following periodontal therapy. All participants were treated non‐surgically. Topical gaseous ozone was applied into periodontal pockets twice a week for 2 weeks during active periodontal therapy. Gingival crevicular fluid pentraxin‐3 (PTX‐3), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (Hs‐CRP) were evaluated. All statistical data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Total of 36 participants completed the study (18 males, 18 females). PI, GI, PD, percentage of bleeding on probing, percentage of pockets deeper than 5mm and CAL, and percentage of ≥3 mm CAL, were improved, and there were no significant differences between the two sides. All inflammatory parameters, PTX‐3, Hs‐CRP and IL‐1β, were reduced at 3‐months follow‐up. Only the decrease in PTX‐3 levels between baseline and 3‐months follow‐up was statistically significant.
Ozone therapy did not have any additional effect on periodontal parameters. All cytokines were reduced after periodontal therapy. Only PTX‐3 levels were significantly lower at ozone sites compared to those at the control sites.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
To analyse whether sex hormone replacement therapy (HRT) improves periodontal parameters and dental implants osseointegration in humans.
Electronic databases and hand searches were performed from June to August 2018 in SciELO, LILACS and PubMed/Medline. Human observational and interventional studies that evaluated the following parameters were included: Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Radiographic Bone Loss (RBL) or osseointegration.
Initial search retrieved 1282 non‐duplicated articles. Fifteen studies were selected after inclusion criteria were applied. All studies were performed in postmenopausal women. Mean differences for PPD reduction ranged from 0.02‐0.2 mm in HRT‐positive patients; mean CAL gain ‐0.18‐0.54 mm; mean RBL reduction ‐0.87‐0.15 mm; and mean BOP reduction 9‐30.3%. Failure rate of dental implants increased ‐5.5‐11.21% when HRT was used.
Very low but consistent evidence suggests a reduction in BOP and no impact on RBL in postmenopausal women receiving HRT. There are inconsistent reports that suggests that HRT in postmenopausal women: 1)improves or does not impact PPD reduction and CAL gain; and 2)does not impact or increase implant loss. In summary, there is no evidence to support HRT prescription for either men or women for periodontal/implant placement purposes.
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The aim of this randomized split‐mouth clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of ozone therapy on clinical and biochemical parameters of moderate to severe generalized periodontitis patients after non‐surgical periodontal therapy.
A total of 36 moderate to severe generalized periodontitis patients were included in the study. The patients were systemically healthy and 18 to 64 years of age. Periodontal parameters, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), percentage of bleeding on probing, percentage of pockets deeper than 5 mm and clinical attachment level (CAL), and percentage of ≥3 mm CAL were evaluated at baseline and 3 months following periodontal therapy. All participants were treated non‐surgically. Topical gaseous ozone was applied into periodontal pockets twice a week for 2 weeks during active periodontal therapy. Gingival crevicular fluid pentraxin‐3 (PTX‐3), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (Hs‐CRP) were evaluated. All statistical data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Total of 36 participants completed the study (18 males, 18 females). PI, GI, PD, percentage of bleeding on probing, percentage of pockets deeper than 5mm and CAL, and percentage of ≥3 mm CAL, were improved, and there were no significant differences between the two sides. All inflammatory parameters, PTX‐3, Hs‐CRP and IL‐1β, were reduced at 3‐months follow‐up. Only the decrease in PTX‐3 levels between baseline and 3‐months follow‐up was statistically significant.
Ozone therapy did not have any additional effect on periodontal parameters. All cytokines were reduced after periodontal therapy. Only PTX‐3 levels were significantly lower at ozone sites compared to those at the control sites.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
To analyse whether sex hormone replacement therapy (HRT) improves periodontal parameters and dental implants osseointegration in humans.
Electronic databases and hand searches were performed from June to August 2018 in SciELO, LILACS and PubMed/Medline. Human observational and interventional studies that evaluated the following parameters were included: Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Radiographic Bone Loss (RBL) or osseointegration.
Initial search retrieved 1282 non‐duplicated articles. Fifteen studies were selected after inclusion criteria were applied. All studies were performed in postmenopausal women. Mean differences for PPD reduction ranged from 0.02‐0.2 mm in HRT‐positive patients; mean CAL gain ‐0.18‐0.54 mm; mean RBL reduction ‐0.87‐0.15 mm; and mean BOP reduction 9‐30.3%. Failure rate of dental implants increased ‐5.5‐11.21% when HRT was used.
Very low but consistent evidence suggests a reduction in BOP and no impact on RBL in postmenopausal women receiving HRT. There are inconsistent reports that suggests that HRT in postmenopausal women: 1)improves or does not impact PPD reduction and CAL gain; and 2)does not impact or increase implant loss. In summary, there is no evidence to support HRT prescription for either men or women for periodontal/implant placement purposes.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
