Is conservative surgery a better choice for the solid/multicystic ameloblastoma than radical surgery regarding recurrence? A systematic review

ConclusionsConservative surgery does not reduce the recurrence rate as efficiently as radical surgery for primary SMA. However, there is not enough evidence to support this statement. (Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Anatomic evaluation of the incisive canal with cone beam computed tomography and its relevance to surgical procedures in the mental region: a retrospective study in a Brazilian population

ConclusionsThe measurements show the need for care from professionals when performing intraosseous surgical procedures in the mental region. The distances between the IC and the references studied must be observed. Thus, CBCT becomes essential for surgical planning in the mental region.Clinical relevanceThe mental region of the mandible is considered a safe area to perform surgical procedures such as the placement of osseointegrated implants, orthognathic surgery, and the removal of bone grafts. However, this region includes important neurovascular structures that must be considered or else hemorrhage and neurologic disorders can be experienced. (Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Noise-Induced Hypersensitization of the Acoustic Startle Response in Larval Zebrafish

ABSTRACT

Overexposure to loud noise is known to lead to deficits in auditory sensitivity and perception. We studied the effects of noise exposure on sensorimotor behaviors of larval (5–7 days post-fertilization) zebrafish (Danio rerio), particularly the auditory-evoked startle response and hearing sensitivity to acoustic startle stimuli. We observed a temporary 10–15 dB decrease in startle response threshold after 18 h of flat-spectrum noise exposure at 20 dB re·1 ms⁻². Larval zebrafish also exhibited decreased habituation to startle-inducing stimuli following noise exposure. The noise-induced sensitization was not due to changes in absolute hearing thresholds, but was specific to the auditory-evoked escape responses. The observed noise-induced sensitization was disrupted by AMPA receptor blockade using DNQX, but not NMDA receptor blockade. Together, these experiments suggest a complex effect of noise exposure on the neural circuits mediating auditory-evoked behaviors in larval zebrafish.

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The Stress Response in the Non-sensory Cells of the Cochlea Under Pathological Conditions—Possible Role in Mediating Noise Vulnerability

Abstract

Various stressors, such as loud sounds and the effects of aging, impair the function and viability of the cochlear sensory cells, the hair cells. Stressors trigger pathophysiological changes in the cochlear non-sensory cells as well. We have here studied the stress response mounted in the lateral wall of the cochlea during acute noise stress and during age-related chronic stress. We have used the activation of JNK/c-Jun, ERK, and NF-κB pathways as a readout of the stress response, and the expression of the FoxO3 transcription factor as a possible additional player in cellular stress. In the aging cochlea, NF-κB transcriptional activity was strongly induced in the stria vascularis of the lateral wall. This induction was linked with the atrophy of the stria vascularis, suggesting a role for NF-κB signaling in mediating age-related strial degeneration. Acutely following noise exposure, the JNK/c-Jun, ERK, and NF-κB pathways were activated in the spiral ligament of the lateral wall of CBA/Ca mice. This activation was concomitant with the morphological transformation of macrophages, suggesting that the upregulation of stress signaling leads to macrophage activation. In contrast, C57BL/6J mice lacked these responses. Only the combination of noise exposure and a systemic stressor, lipopolysaccharide, exceeded the threshold for the activation of stress signaling in the lateral wall of C57BL/6J mice. In addition, we found that, at the young adult age, outer hair cells of CBA/Ca mice are much more vulnerable to loud sounds compared to these cells of C57BL/6J mice. These results suggest that the differential stress response in the lateral wall of the two mouse strains underlies, in part, the differential noise vulnerability of their outer hair cells. Together, we propose that the molecular stress response in the lateral wall modulates the outcome of the stressed cochlea.

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Is conservative surgery a better choice for the solid/multicystic ameloblastoma than radical surgery regarding recurrence? A systematic review

ConclusionsConservative surgery does not reduce the recurrence rate as efficiently as radical surgery for primary SMA. However, there is not enough evidence to support this statement. (Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NTrQMe

Anatomic evaluation of the incisive canal with cone beam computed tomography and its relevance to surgical procedures in the mental region: a retrospective study in a Brazilian population

ConclusionsThe measurements show the need for care from professionals when performing intraosseous surgical procedures in the mental region. The distances between the IC and the references studied must be observed. Thus, CBCT becomes essential for surgical planning in the mental region.Clinical relevanceThe mental region of the mandible is considered a safe area to perform surgical procedures such as the placement of osseointegrated implants, orthognathic surgery, and the removal of bone grafts. However, this region includes important neurovascular structures that must be considered or else hemorrhage and neurologic disorders can be experienced. (Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Early immune response regulated by a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell model of multiple trauma in rats

Immunotherapy,Volume 10, Issue 12, Page 1053-1064, September 2018. (Source: Immunotherapy)

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The Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Stress Hormone Levels: A Prospective Study

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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Early immune response regulated by a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell model of multiple trauma in rats

Immunotherapy,Volume 10, Issue 12, Page 1053-1064, September 2018. (Source: Immunotherapy)

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The Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Stress Hormone Levels: A Prospective Study

Oral Diseases,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Oral Diseases)

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Delivery Assist Catheters

Abstract

Purpose

To report in vivo experience of a delivery assist catheter as ascending aid for a large-bore catheter for intracranial thromboaspiration.

Methods

Retrospective data collection and analysis of stroke databases of two comprehensive stroke centers focusing on technical and angiographic parameters – primary endpoint defined as reaching the occlusion with a large-bore reperfusion catheter – from patients receiving endovascular stroke treatment using an AXS Offset™ delivery assist catheter (Stryker, Fremont, CA, USA) between May 2017 and November 2017.

Results

Using the delivery assist catheter, a 6F catheter could be advanced to an intracranial occlusion for direct thromboaspiration in 30 (88.2%) out of a total of 34 patients (male: n = 14 out of 34 [41.2%], age in years: mean [SD]: 75 [11], median baseline NIHSS [National Institutes of Health stroke scale]: 16 [interquartile range, IQR 12-21]). In 4 out of 34 (11.7%) cases the occlusion could not be reached with the aspiration catheter because of a preceding non-occlusive arteriosclerotic plaque (n = 1, 2.9%) or because of severe elongation and tortuosity of the arterial access route (n = 3, 8.8%). After thromboaspiration mTICI (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction) 2b‑3 was reached in 14 out of 30 (46.7%) patients. In 21 out of 34 (61.8%) patients stent-retriever-maneuvers (median: 1 [IQR: 0‑2]) were needed. In 28 out of 34 (82.3%) patients final mTICI 2b-3 could be achieved.

Conclusion

Delivery assist catheters can be used as ascending aid for large-bore catheters for thromboaspiration in acute ischemic stroke, in particular to overcome vessel tortuosity and anatomic obstacles.

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Delivery Assist Catheters

Abstract

Purpose

To report in vivo experience of a delivery assist catheter as ascending aid for a large-bore catheter for intracranial thromboaspiration.

Methods

Retrospective data collection and analysis of stroke databases of two comprehensive stroke centers focusing on technical and angiographic parameters – primary endpoint defined as reaching the occlusion with a large-bore reperfusion catheter – from patients receiving endovascular stroke treatment using an AXS Offset™ delivery assist catheter (Stryker, Fremont, CA, USA) between May 2017 and November 2017.

Results

Using the delivery assist catheter, a 6F catheter could be advanced to an intracranial occlusion for direct thromboaspiration in 30 (88.2%) out of a total of 34 patients (male: n = 14 out of 34 [41.2%], age in years: mean [SD]: 75 [11], median baseline NIHSS [National Institutes of Health stroke scale]: 16 [interquartile range, IQR 12-21]). In 4 out of 34 (11.7%) cases the occlusion could not be reached with the aspiration catheter because of a preceding non-occlusive arteriosclerotic plaque (n = 1, 2.9%) or because of severe elongation and tortuosity of the arterial access route (n = 3, 8.8%). After thromboaspiration mTICI (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction) 2b‑3 was reached in 14 out of 30 (46.7%) patients. In 21 out of 34 (61.8%) patients stent-retriever-maneuvers (median: 1 [IQR: 0‑2]) were needed. In 28 out of 34 (82.3%) patients final mTICI 2b-3 could be achieved.

Conclusion

Delivery assist catheters can be used as ascending aid for large-bore catheters for thromboaspiration in acute ischemic stroke, in particular to overcome vessel tortuosity and anatomic obstacles.

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Improved Neural Coding of ITD with Bilateral Cochlear Implants by Introducing Short Inter-pulse Intervals

AbstractBilateral cochlear implant (CI) users have poor perceptual sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs), which limits their ability to localize sounds and understand speech in noisy environments. This is especially true for high-rate (>  300 pps) periodic pulse trains, which are used as carriers in CI processors. Here, we investigate a novel stimulation strategy in which extra pulses are added to high-rate periodic pulse trains to introduce short inter-pulse intervals (SIPIs). We hypothesized that SIPIs can improve neural ITD se nsitivity similarly to the effect observed by randomly jittering IPIs (Hancock et al., J. Neurophysiol. 108:714–28,2012). To test this hypothesis, we measured ITD sensitivity of single units in the inferior colliculus (IC) of unanesthetized rab...

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2oMpGmL

The Stress Response in the Non-sensory Cells of the Cochlea Under Pathological Conditions —Possible Role in Mediating Noise Vulnerability

AbstractVarious stressors, such as loud sounds and the effects of aging, impair the function and viability of the cochlear sensory cells, the hair cells. Stressors trigger pathophysiological changes in the cochlear non-sensory cells as well. We have here studied the stress response mounted in the lateral wall of the cochlea during acute noise stress and during age-related chronic stress. We have used the activation of JNK/c-Jun, ERK, and NF- κB pathways as a readout of the stress response, and the expression of the FoxO3 transcription factor as a possible additional player in cellular stress. In the aging cochlea, NF-κB transcriptional activity was strongly induced in the stria vascularis of the lateral wall. This induction was linked with the atrophy of the stria vascularis, suggesting ...

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Orbicularis-Tarsus Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty: A Modification of Park’s Technique

Abstract

Background

Incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is widely applied because of its extensive indications and robust results. The orbicularis-levator fixation method is an incisional approach that provides stronger adhesion than traditional techniques. However, there remains the risk of postoperative relapse or suture spitting out.

Methods

The authors introduced a modified technique for supratarsal crease formation. When necessary soft tissue removal was completed, the orbicularis oculi muscle was anchored on the tarsus. Then the muscle edges near canthus were reattached to prevent muscle retraction. For skin closure, the skin-pretarsal fascia-skin maneuver was adopted to enhance cicatricial adhesion.

Results

Six hundred and fifty-nine patients underwent double eyelidplasty by the same surgeon using this modified technique. Patients were followed up from 2 to 38 months, with a mean period of 15 months. Short-term complications included mild edema, bruising or reddish change of the upper eyelid, yet all gradually relieved in 6–8 weeks. Fourteen cases of palpebral fold asymmetry and nine cases of unsatisfactory fold formation near the inner canthus were encountered, and all the defects had been well improved by revision surgeries. Ninety-five percent of the patients were satisfied with the long-term outcomes, which showed as natural and well-defined palpebral folds without scar hypertrophy, suture spitting out or crease depression. Besides, no supratarsal crease drooping or disappearing was observed 3 years postoperatively.

Conclusions

The authors introduced an orbicularis-tarsus fixation method for upper eyelid blepharoplasty. It is a reliable technique that enables high feasibility and long-lasting result, and with lower risk of suture spitting out.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MPwA9b

Improved Neural Coding of ITD with Bilateral Cochlear Implants by Introducing Short Inter-pulse Intervals

AbstractBilateral cochlear implant (CI) users have poor perceptual sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs), which limits their ability to localize sounds and understand speech in noisy environments. This is especially true for high-rate (>  300 pps) periodic pulse trains, which are used as carriers in CI processors. Here, we investigate a novel stimulation strategy in which extra pulses are added to high-rate periodic pulse trains to introduce short inter-pulse intervals (SIPIs). We hypothesized that SIPIs can improve neural ITD se nsitivity similarly to the effect observed by randomly jittering IPIs (Hancock et al., J. Neurophysiol. 108:714–28,2012). To test this hypothesis, we measured ITD sensitivity of single units in the inferior colliculus (IC) of unanesthetized rab...

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2oMpGmL

The Stress Response in the Non-sensory Cells of the Cochlea Under Pathological Conditions —Possible Role in Mediating Noise Vulnerability

AbstractVarious stressors, such as loud sounds and the effects of aging, impair the function and viability of the cochlear sensory cells, the hair cells. Stressors trigger pathophysiological changes in the cochlear non-sensory cells as well. We have here studied the stress response mounted in the lateral wall of the cochlea during acute noise stress and during age-related chronic stress. We have used the activation of JNK/c-Jun, ERK, and NF- κB pathways as a readout of the stress response, and the expression of the FoxO3 transcription factor as a possible additional player in cellular stress. In the aging cochlea, NF-κB transcriptional activity was strongly induced in the stria vascularis of the lateral wall. This induction was linked with the atrophy of the stria vascularis, suggesting ...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NQzWoH

Orbicularis-Tarsus Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty: A Modification of Park’s Technique

Abstract

Background

Incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is widely applied because of its extensive indications and robust results. The orbicularis-levator fixation method is an incisional approach that provides stronger adhesion than traditional techniques. However, there remains the risk of postoperative relapse or suture spitting out.

Methods

The authors introduced a modified technique for supratarsal crease formation. When necessary soft tissue removal was completed, the orbicularis oculi muscle was anchored on the tarsus. Then the muscle edges near canthus were reattached to prevent muscle retraction. For skin closure, the skin-pretarsal fascia-skin maneuver was adopted to enhance cicatricial adhesion.

Results

Six hundred and fifty-nine patients underwent double eyelidplasty by the same surgeon using this modified technique. Patients were followed up from 2 to 38 months, with a mean period of 15 months. Short-term complications included mild edema, bruising or reddish change of the upper eyelid, yet all gradually relieved in 6–8 weeks. Fourteen cases of palpebral fold asymmetry and nine cases of unsatisfactory fold formation near the inner canthus were encountered, and all the defects had been well improved by revision surgeries. Ninety-five percent of the patients were satisfied with the long-term outcomes, which showed as natural and well-defined palpebral folds without scar hypertrophy, suture spitting out or crease depression. Besides, no supratarsal crease drooping or disappearing was observed 3 years postoperatively.

Conclusions

The authors introduced an orbicularis-tarsus fixation method for upper eyelid blepharoplasty. It is a reliable technique that enables high feasibility and long-lasting result, and with lower risk of suture spitting out.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MPwA9b

Orbicularis-Tarsus Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty: A Modification of Park’s Technique

Abstract

Background

Incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is widely applied because of its extensive indications and robust results. The orbicularis-levator fixation method is an incisional approach that provides stronger adhesion than traditional techniques. However, there remains the risk of postoperative relapse or suture spitting out.

Methods

The authors introduced a modified technique for supratarsal crease formation. When necessary soft tissue removal was completed, the orbicularis oculi muscle was anchored on the tarsus. Then the muscle edges near canthus were reattached to prevent muscle retraction. For skin closure, the skin-pretarsal fascia-skin maneuver was adopted to enhance cicatricial adhesion.

Results

Six hundred and fifty-nine patients underwent double eyelidplasty by the same surgeon using this modified technique. Patients were followed up from 2 to 38 months, with a mean period of 15 months. Short-term complications included mild edema, bruising or reddish change of the upper eyelid, yet all gradually relieved in 6–8 weeks. Fourteen cases of palpebral fold asymmetry and nine cases of unsatisfactory fold formation near the inner canthus were encountered, and all the defects had been well improved by revision surgeries. Ninety-five percent of the patients were satisfied with the long-term outcomes, which showed as natural and well-defined palpebral folds without scar hypertrophy, suture spitting out or crease depression. Besides, no supratarsal crease drooping or disappearing was observed 3 years postoperatively.

Conclusions

The authors introduced an orbicularis-tarsus fixation method for upper eyelid blepharoplasty. It is a reliable technique that enables high feasibility and long-lasting result, and with lower risk of suture spitting out.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MPwA9b

Orbicularis-Tarsus Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty: A Modification of Park’s Technique

Abstract

Background

Incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is widely applied because of its extensive indications and robust results. The orbicularis-levator fixation method is an incisional approach that provides stronger adhesion than traditional techniques. However, there remains the risk of postoperative relapse or suture spitting out.

Methods

The authors introduced a modified technique for supratarsal crease formation. When necessary soft tissue removal was completed, the orbicularis oculi muscle was anchored on the tarsus. Then the muscle edges near canthus were reattached to prevent muscle retraction. For skin closure, the skin-pretarsal fascia-skin maneuver was adopted to enhance cicatricial adhesion.

Results

Six hundred and fifty-nine patients underwent double eyelidplasty by the same surgeon using this modified technique. Patients were followed up from 2 to 38 months, with a mean period of 15 months. Short-term complications included mild edema, bruising or reddish change of the upper eyelid, yet all gradually relieved in 6–8 weeks. Fourteen cases of palpebral fold asymmetry and nine cases of unsatisfactory fold formation near the inner canthus were encountered, and all the defects had been well improved by revision surgeries. Ninety-five percent of the patients were satisfied with the long-term outcomes, which showed as natural and well-defined palpebral folds without scar hypertrophy, suture spitting out or crease depression. Besides, no supratarsal crease drooping or disappearing was observed 3 years postoperatively.

Conclusions

The authors introduced an orbicularis-tarsus fixation method for upper eyelid blepharoplasty. It is a reliable technique that enables high feasibility and long-lasting result, and with lower risk of suture spitting out.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MPwA9b