Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1086-1105 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)
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Elizabeth M. Kolawole, Rakieb Andargachew, Baoyu Liu, Jesica R. Jacobs, Brian D. Evavold (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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Maroua Haroun Ferhat, Aur élie Robin, Louise Barbier, Antoine Thierry, Jean-Marc Gombert, Alice Barbarin, André Herbelin (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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Amna Abderrazak, Mohammed-Amine El Azreq, Dalila Naci, Paul R. Fortin, Fawzi Aoudjit (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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Prajna Parimita Kar, Anand Srivastava (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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Steven P. Templeton, Amariliz Rivera, Bernard Hube, Ilse D. Jacobsen (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1074-1085 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)
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Journal of Food Biochemistry, EarlyView. (Source: Journal of Food Biochemistry)
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Volume 29, Issue 1, December 2018, Page 1086-1105 . (Source: Food and Agricultural Immunology)
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We examined the accessory atlantoaxial ligaments and found them to be a part of a complex ligamentous structure, which we named craniocervical Y-ligament with respect to its shape.
The ligaments of the upper cervical spine were dissected in ten Thiel embalmed human cadavers. Origin and attachment of the Y-ligament were described and a detailed photo and video-documentation was carried out with the head in the neutral position, flexion, extension and rotation to study the ligament during these movements.
The Y-ligaments were found to be paired and symmetric in all specimens. The shape of the ligament is similar to an Y, its lateral arm connecting the atlas to the axis, its medial arm connecting the occipital bone to the axis, fusing with the two main ligaments, the alar and transverse ligaments. The lateral arm of the Y-ligament was found to be analogous to the accessory atlantoaxial ligament. During cervical flexion, both arms of the Y-ligament became taut while extension made the Y-ligaments relaxed. During rotation both Y-ligaments became taut, moving in the opposite directions in the sagittal plane while following the gliding movements of the lateral masses of the atlas.
The craniocervical Y-ligament is a complex ligamentous structure and has a constant anatomy. Because of its shape and special arrangement, it probably plays a role in limiting both atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial movements. Acknowledgement of this ligamentous structure will help understand upper cervical stability. The present study should serve as a basis for future biomechanical and radiological studies.
We examined the accessory atlantoaxial ligaments and found them to be a part of a complex ligamentous structure, which we named craniocervical Y-ligament with respect to its shape.
The ligaments of the upper cervical spine were dissected in ten Thiel embalmed human cadavers. Origin and attachment of the Y-ligament were described and a detailed photo and video-documentation was carried out with the head in the neutral position, flexion, extension and rotation to study the ligament during these movements.
The Y-ligaments were found to be paired and symmetric in all specimens. The shape of the ligament is similar to an Y, its lateral arm connecting the atlas to the axis, its medial arm connecting the occipital bone to the axis, fusing with the two main ligaments, the alar and transverse ligaments. The lateral arm of the Y-ligament was found to be analogous to the accessory atlantoaxial ligament. During cervical flexion, both arms of the Y-ligament became taut while extension made the Y-ligaments relaxed. During rotation both Y-ligaments became taut, moving in the opposite directions in the sagittal plane while following the gliding movements of the lateral masses of the atlas.
The craniocervical Y-ligament is a complex ligamentous structure and has a constant anatomy. Because of its shape and special arrangement, it probably plays a role in limiting both atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial movements. Acknowledgement of this ligamentous structure will help understand upper cervical stability. The present study should serve as a basis for future biomechanical and radiological studies.
It is believed that whenever we inject local anesthesia into the palate it is a painful experience for the patients. The aim of this study was to make palatal anesthesia painless by adding 7.4% sodium bicarbonate as an adjunct in local anesthesia.
Fifty subjects requiring extraction of maxillary bilateral premolar teeth for orthodontic purpose free from periapical infections. These extractions were divided in such a way that all right-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline; and all left-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline with 7.4% sodium bicarbonate added. All extractions were performed using a consistent intra-alveolar technique by a single operator. Both the patient and the operator were blinded to the contents of the local anesthetic solution. Data records of these patients were procured on the basis of VAS and VRS, requirement of repeated injection, and onset and duration of anesthesia.
Clinical and statistical data confirmed that the addition of sodium bicarbonate in local anesthetics reduces pain and decreased the onset and increased duration of local anesthesia in the palatal site, as compared to injection of local anesthetic without sodium bicarbonate.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on reducing pain while injecting into the palatal aspect was noted in this study.
It is believed that whenever we inject local anesthesia into the palate it is a painful experience for the patients. The aim of this study was to make palatal anesthesia painless by adding 7.4% sodium bicarbonate as an adjunct in local anesthesia.
Fifty subjects requiring extraction of maxillary bilateral premolar teeth for orthodontic purpose free from periapical infections. These extractions were divided in such a way that all right-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline; and all left-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline with 7.4% sodium bicarbonate added. All extractions were performed using a consistent intra-alveolar technique by a single operator. Both the patient and the operator were blinded to the contents of the local anesthetic solution. Data records of these patients were procured on the basis of VAS and VRS, requirement of repeated injection, and onset and duration of anesthesia.
Clinical and statistical data confirmed that the addition of sodium bicarbonate in local anesthetics reduces pain and decreased the onset and increased duration of local anesthesia in the palatal site, as compared to injection of local anesthetic without sodium bicarbonate.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on reducing pain while injecting into the palatal aspect was noted in this study.
This study proposes an accurate method in assessing chronological age of the adolescents using a machine learning approach using MRI images. We also examined the value of MRI with Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3) method in assessing skeletal maturity. Seventy-nine 12–17-year-old healthy Hong Kong Chinese adolescents were recruited. The left hand and wrist region were scanned by a dedicated skeletal MRI scanner. T1-weighted three-dimensional coronal view images for the left hand and wrist region were acquired. Independent maturity indicators such as subject body height, body weight, bone marrow composition intensity quantified by MRI, and TW3 skeletal age were included for artificial neural network (ANN) analysis. Our results indicated that the skeletal age was generally underestimated using TW3 method, and significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted for skeletal age with chronological age for female category and at later stage of adolescence (15 to 17 years old) in both genders. In our proposed machine learning approach, ages determined by ANN method agreed well with chronological age (p > 0.05).The machine learning approach using ANN method was about 10-fold more accurate than the TW3 method using MRI alone. It offers a more objective and accurate solution for prospective chronological maturity assessment for adolescents.
It is believed that whenever we inject local anesthesia into the palate it is a painful experience for the patients. The aim of this study was to make palatal anesthesia painless by adding 7.4% sodium bicarbonate as an adjunct in local anesthesia.
Fifty subjects requiring extraction of maxillary bilateral premolar teeth for orthodontic purpose free from periapical infections. These extractions were divided in such a way that all right-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline; and all left-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline with 7.4% sodium bicarbonate added. All extractions were performed using a consistent intra-alveolar technique by a single operator. Both the patient and the operator were blinded to the contents of the local anesthetic solution. Data records of these patients were procured on the basis of VAS and VRS, requirement of repeated injection, and onset and duration of anesthesia.
Clinical and statistical data confirmed that the addition of sodium bicarbonate in local anesthetics reduces pain and decreased the onset and increased duration of local anesthesia in the palatal site, as compared to injection of local anesthetic without sodium bicarbonate.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on reducing pain while injecting into the palatal aspect was noted in this study.
Aim of this study was to investigate the impact of human PDL-derived fibroblasts (HPDF) and human alveolar bone-derived osteoblasts (HABO) co-culture on the expression of cytokines involved in tissue remodeling using an in vitro compressive force (CF) model.
Static compressive force (CF) of 47.4 g/cm2 was applied on mono- and co-cultured HPDFs and HABOs for 1, 2, or 4 h at 30 °C. TNFA, PTGS2, and IL6 gene expressions were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. TNF, PGE2, and IL6 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
In mono-culture, TNFA, PTGS2, and IL6 gene expressions were upregulated under CF as compared to controls for each time period in both cell types. PGE2 increased at 1 and 2 h in both cell types, and IL6 increased only at 2 and 4 h in HPDFs. Co-culture alleviated the force-induced increase of the expression of TNFA, PTGS2, IL6, PGE2, and IL6 in HPDFs at any time point. In HABOs, co-cultivation decreased the expression of PGE2 after 1 h and 4 h, and that of IL6 after 1 h compared to mono-culture.
CF application on co-cultures of HPDFs and HABOs causes significant changes of TNFA, PTGS2, and IL6 gene expressions and PGE2 and IL6 production in comparison to mono-culture indicating intercellular communication.
Mechanical stimulation of HPDFs and HABOs in co-culture induces a different gene expression pattern than stimulation of individual cell types alone. Co-culture might therefore be a relevant method to elucidate periodontal regeneration during orthodontic therapy.
This study proposes an accurate method in assessing chronological age of the adolescents using a machine learning approach using MRI images. We also examined the value of MRI with Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3) method in assessing skeletal maturity. Seventy-nine 12–17-year-old healthy Hong Kong Chinese adolescents were recruited. The left hand and wrist region were scanned by a dedicated skeletal MRI scanner. T1-weighted three-dimensional coronal view images for the left hand and wrist region were acquired. Independent maturity indicators such as subject body height, body weight, bone marrow composition intensity quantified by MRI, and TW3 skeletal age were included for artificial neural network (ANN) analysis. Our results indicated that the skeletal age was generally underestimated using TW3 method, and significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted for skeletal age with chronological age for female category and at later stage of adolescence (15 to 17 years old) in both genders. In our proposed machine learning approach, ages determined by ANN method agreed well with chronological age (p > 0.05).The machine learning approach using ANN method was about 10-fold more accurate than the TW3 method using MRI alone. It offers a more objective and accurate solution for prospective chronological maturity assessment for adolescents.
It is believed that whenever we inject local anesthesia into the palate it is a painful experience for the patients. The aim of this study was to make palatal anesthesia painless by adding 7.4% sodium bicarbonate as an adjunct in local anesthesia.
Fifty subjects requiring extraction of maxillary bilateral premolar teeth for orthodontic purpose free from periapical infections. These extractions were divided in such a way that all right-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline; and all left-sided extractions were done under 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline with 7.4% sodium bicarbonate added. All extractions were performed using a consistent intra-alveolar technique by a single operator. Both the patient and the operator were blinded to the contents of the local anesthetic solution. Data records of these patients were procured on the basis of VAS and VRS, requirement of repeated injection, and onset and duration of anesthesia.
Clinical and statistical data confirmed that the addition of sodium bicarbonate in local anesthetics reduces pain and decreased the onset and increased duration of local anesthesia in the palatal site, as compared to injection of local anesthetic without sodium bicarbonate.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on reducing pain while injecting into the palatal aspect was noted in this study.
