Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences in Workers’ Health Reference Centres in Brazil

Conclusion: this study describes and examines the incipient inclusion of SLH professionals in CEREST, providing evidence that indicates regional inequalities and reveals that, despite generally working in health surveillance activities, there remain units where the SLH professionals are only dedicated to specialized care.RESUMO Objetivo: investigar a presen ça do fonoaudiólogo na equipe dos Centros de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (Cerest) do Brasil, sua distribuição e características de sua inserção e das ações desenvolvidas. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico descritivo que teve como unidades de observação todos os Cerest do País. D ados primários foram coletados por meio da aplicação de questionário ao coordenador do Cerest ou a um representante designado. Resultado...

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Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles, characterization and X-ray induced radiotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer with interstitial lung disease

Publication date: Available online 11 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Liza Yue Cruz, Di Wang, Jiwei LiuAbstractSelinium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with minimal toxicity and efficient antioxidant properties were reported earlier for their anti-carcinogenic influence against various types of cancers, thus elevating its potential. In the present study, the anti-carcinogenic effect of selenium nanoparticles against lung cancer was studied. Selenium nanoparticles were biosynthesized and were characterized using UV- Vis absorption spectroscopy. A decrease in the absorption intensity was recorded with the increase in time, which represented the protein consumption during the reduction of SeO32− to Se0. The calculated average crystalline size from ...

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Speech therapy intervention in a teenager with autism spectrum disorder: a case report

The objective of this study was to characterize the severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder in an adolescent, pre-and post-speech-language therapy, and describe the process of speech-language intervention using Picture Exchange Communication System allied to the principles of behavioral analysis applied to language. The Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist with the parents was applied. Then, a therapeutic program of 14 sessions of 50 minutes was developed, one per week, and then the questionnaire was reapplied. In the course of the therapeutic process, it was possible to observe an increase in the number of figure exchanges independently, an increase in the number of vocalizations with communicative intention or functional speech, longer time of visual contact and social smile, reduction of ...

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UV-light mediated green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Cornelian cherry fruit extract and their comparative effects in experimental inflammation

Publication date: Available online 11 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Gabriela Adriana Filip, Bianca Moldovan, Ioana Baldea, Diana Olteanu, Ramona Suharoschi, Nicoleta Decea, Cristina Mihaela Cismaru, Emese Gal, Mihai Cenariu, Simona Clichici, Luminita DavidAbstractThe purpose of our study is to investigate the comparative effects of materials based on silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with polyphenols from Cornus Mas extract (AgNPs-CM and AuNPs-CM) in vivo on experimental inflammation. The nanoparticles were obtained at room temperature under UV irradiation and were characterized by different methods: ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...

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Antibacterial and photocatalytic activity of hydrothermally synthesized SnO2 doped GO and CNT under visible light irradiation

Publication date: Available online 12 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Rajesh Pandiyan, Shanmugam Mahalingam, Young-Ho AhnAbstractBacterial and dye pollution are major problems with wastewater treatment. An increasing number of photocatalysts are being used in industry to kill bacterial and reduce pollution. In the present study, highly stable SnO2-doped nanocomposites have been prepared successively by a hydrothermal method. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using a range of techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron probe micro analysis, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high resolut...

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Bactericidal action of ferulic acid with ultraviolet-A light irradiation

Publication date: Available online 10 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Akihiro Shirai, Yu-ko YasutomoAbstractThe bactericidal activity of ferulic acid (FA) against various microorganisms was remarkably enhanced by ultraviolet-A (UV-A) irradiation (wavelength, 365 nm). However, the bactericidal mechanism in the photo-combination system has not been evaluated. In the present study, this combined treatment was characterized by investigating associated changes in cellular functions of Escherichia coli, including assessments of respiratory activity, lipid peroxidation, membrane permeability, and damage to DNA and the cell surface. FA adsorbed onto and was incorporated into bacterial membranes, and the affinity resulted in decreased respirato...

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On the encapsulation of bilingual language control

Publication date: April 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 105Author(s): Kenneth R. Paap, Regina Anders-Jefferson, Roman Mikulinsky, Shigeaki Masuda, Lauren MasonAbstractOne purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that prevalent patterns of bilingual language control lead to greater enhancement of the ability to resolve Stimulus-Stimulus conflict compared to Stimulus-Response conflict. To that end 104 bilinguals and 62 monolinguals completed four commonly used nonverbal interference tasks with varied S-S and S-R incompatibilities. No bilingual advantages were observed in any of the tasks. A second purpose was to further investigate whether a general inhibitory-control ability exists by examining inter-task correlations in the current and previous studies. We conclu...

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Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles, characterization and X-ray induced radiotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer with interstitial lung disease

Publication date: Available online 11 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Liza Yue Cruz, Di Wang, Jiwei LiuAbstractSelinium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with minimal toxicity and efficient antioxidant properties were reported earlier for their anti-carcinogenic influence against various types of cancers, thus elevating its potential. In the present study, the anti-carcinogenic effect of selenium nanoparticles against lung cancer was studied. Selenium nanoparticles were biosynthesized and were characterized using UV- Vis absorption spectroscopy. A decrease in the absorption intensity was recorded with the increase in time, which represented the protein consumption during the reduction of SeO32− to Se0. The calculated average crystalline size from ...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2LcPHpp

Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences in Workers’ Health Reference Centres in Brazil

Conclusion: this study describes and examines the incipient inclusion of SLH professionals in CEREST, providing evidence that indicates regional inequalities and reveals that, despite generally working in health surveillance activities, there remain units where the SLH professionals are only dedicated to specialized care.RESUMO Objetivo: investigar a presen ça do fonoaudiólogo na equipe dos Centros de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (Cerest) do Brasil, sua distribuição e características de sua inserção e das ações desenvolvidas. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico descritivo que teve como unidades de observação todos os Cerest do País. D ados primários foram coletados por meio da aplicação de questionário ao coordenador do Cerest ou a um representante designado. Resultado...

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2LeDuAT

Speech therapy intervention in a teenager with autism spectrum disorder: a case report

The objective of this study was to characterize the severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder in an adolescent, pre-and post-speech-language therapy, and describe the process of speech-language intervention using Picture Exchange Communication System allied to the principles of behavioral analysis applied to language. The Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist with the parents was applied. Then, a therapeutic program of 14 sessions of 50 minutes was developed, one per week, and then the questionnaire was reapplied. In the course of the therapeutic process, it was possible to observe an increase in the number of figure exchanges independently, an increase in the number of vocalizations with communicative intention or functional speech, longer time of visual contact and social smile, reduction of ...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2C7G5cT

UV-light mediated green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Cornelian cherry fruit extract and their comparative effects in experimental inflammation

Publication date: Available online 11 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Gabriela Adriana Filip, Bianca Moldovan, Ioana Baldea, Diana Olteanu, Ramona Suharoschi, Nicoleta Decea, Cristina Mihaela Cismaru, Emese Gal, Mihai Cenariu, Simona Clichici, Luminita DavidAbstractThe purpose of our study is to investigate the comparative effects of materials based on silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with polyphenols from Cornus Mas extract (AgNPs-CM and AuNPs-CM) in vivo on experimental inflammation. The nanoparticles were obtained at room temperature under UV irradiation and were characterized by different methods: ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...

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Voice onset time and beyond: Exploring laryngeal contrast in 19 languages

Publication date: January 2019Source: Journal of Phonetics, Volume 72Author(s): Taehong Cho, D.H. Whalen, Gerard DochertyAbstractIn this special collection entitled Marking 50 Years of Research on Voice Onset Time and the Voicing Contrast in the World's Languages, we have compiled eleven studies investigating the voicing contrast in 19 languages. The collection provides extensive data obtained from 270 speakers across those languages, examining VOT and other acoustic, aerodynamic and articulatory measures. The languages studied may be divided into four groups: 'aspirating' languages with a two-way contrast (English, three varieties of German); 'true voicing' languages with a two-way contrast (Russian, Turkish, Brazilian Portuguese, two Iranian languages Pashto and Wakhi); languag...

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Antibacterial and photocatalytic activity of hydrothermally synthesized SnO2 doped GO and CNT under visible light irradiation

Publication date: Available online 12 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Rajesh Pandiyan, Shanmugam Mahalingam, Young-Ho AhnAbstractBacterial and dye pollution are major problems with wastewater treatment. An increasing number of photocatalysts are being used in industry to kill bacterial and reduce pollution. In the present study, highly stable SnO2-doped nanocomposites have been prepared successively by a hydrothermal method. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using a range of techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron probe micro analysis, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high resolut...

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On the encapsulation of bilingual language control

Publication date: April 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 105Author(s): Kenneth R. Paap, Regina Anders-Jefferson, Roman Mikulinsky, Shigeaki Masuda, Lauren MasonAbstractOne purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that prevalent patterns of bilingual language control lead to greater enhancement of the ability to resolve Stimulus-Stimulus conflict compared to Stimulus-Response conflict. To that end 104 bilinguals and 62 monolinguals completed four commonly used nonverbal interference tasks with varied S-S and S-R incompatibilities. No bilingual advantages were observed in any of the tasks. A second purpose was to further investigate whether a general inhibitory-control ability exists by examining inter-task correlations in the current and previous studies. We conclu...

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Wait times for endoscopic sinus surgery influence patient‐reported outcome measures in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who fulfill appropriateness criteria

Background

Previous studies on the impact of wait times for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in medically recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (rCRS) have not examined its influence on the 5 distinct symptoms domains of the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), and have not applied evidence‐based surgical indications. Our primary study objective was to investigate the impact of ESS wait times on postoperative SNOT‐22 global and symptom domain scores in patients with rCRS deemed "appropriate" surgical candidates.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of adult patients with rCRS undergoing ESS, categorized as "appropriate" surgical candidates. Primary outcome measure was change in SNOT‐22 global/symptom domain score (preoperative – 6‐month postoperative). Correlational analyses were performed between wait time and change in SNOT‐22 global and symptom domain scores. For significant negative correlations, the threshold wait time to generate a worsening in health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) equivalent to the mean clinically important difference (MCID) was calculated.

Results

A total of 104 patients with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) wait time of 310.8 ± 155.9 days were analyzed. Postoperative SNOT‐22 global and symptom domain scores significantly improved postoperatively. Wait time for ESS was negatively correlated with change in SNOT‐22 global, rhinologic, extranasal rhinologic, and ear/facial domain scores (p < 0.05), and a wait time threshold of 287, 452, 421, and 381 days corresponded to a decrease equivalent to the MCID, respectively.

Conclusion

We identified less improvement in HRQoL after ESS with increasing surgical wait time. Moreover, prolonged wait times may result in less improvement in disease‐specific symptoms, but do not appear to worsen psychological or sleep dysfunction.

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Did Christina El Moussa Have a Formal Design Education? What She Studied in College - The Cheat Sheet

Did Christina El Moussa Have a Formal Design Education? What She Studied in College  The Cheat Sheet

Christina El Moussa from 'Flip or Flop' fame got her start studying design in college, along with a business degree that helped in her later house-flipping ...

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Eating Healthy Now, The New Year & Beyond - The Washington Informer

Eating Healthy Now, The New Year & Beyond  The Washington Informer

When you gear up and approach the start line, know that there will be hurdles but don't give up.

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Draf IIB with superior septectomy: finding the “middle ground”

Background

Previous studies have demonstrated a high failure rate of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) with Draf IIa in patients with diffuse polyposis, asthma, and aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease. A high percentage of these patients progress to endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP). We describe a modification of the Draf IIb with a superior septectomy (IIb+SS), which may provide similar therapeutic benefit as demonstrated by the distribution of sinus irrigations in the sinus cavity with ESS with IIb+SS vs ESS with EMLP IIb+SS vs ESS with EMLP.

Methods

ESS with IIb+SS was performed on 6 cadaver heads. Fluorescein‐dyed irrigations were performed on each head and penetration was recorded using video endoscopy. EMLP was subsequently performed on each head with repeat dye‐irrigation and video endoscopy. The videos were reviewed by 4 blinded fellowship‐trained rhinologists, and irrigant penetration of the maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, sphenoid sinuses, and olfactory cleft was graded 0 to 3 (3 implying complete staining).

Results

The mean scores when comparing IIb+SS to EMLP were as follows: overall 1.99 vs 1.97 (p = 0.816), maxillary sinus 2.67 vs 2.38 (p = 0.128), ethmoid sinus 1.88 vs 1.98 (p = 0.536), sphenoid sinus 2.58 vs 2.50 (p = 0.467), frontal sinus 1.13 vs 1.38 (p = 0.073), and olfactory cleft 1.71 vs 1.63 (p = 0.529). There was no significant difference between subsites. Interrater reliability was good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.781).

Conclusion

Performing ESS with IIb+SS provides similar irrigation delivery benefits to ESS with EMLP, without the need for altering natural sinus outflow and creating circumferential scarring. Further studies evaluating its use in patients that are high risk for revision surgery are needed.

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Alternaria‐induced barrier dysfunction of nasal epithelial cells: role of serine protease and reactive oxygen species

Background

Upper airway barrier dysfunction has been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. Alternaria is commonly found in nasal secretion and plays a role in the pathogenesis of airway diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Alternaria on the junctional complex of nasal epithelial cells.

Methods

Air‐liquid interface nasal epithelial cultures from the inferior turbinate of septal surgery patients were stimulated with Alternaria alternate. Production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transepithelial resistance (TER) was measured. The expression of tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ) molecules was determined using real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and confocal microscopy. Protease activity in Alternaria was determined using protease inhibitors and heat inactivation.

Results

Alternaria enhanced the production of ROS and reduced the TER. Alternaria decreased the messenger RNA and protein expression of TJs (zonula occludens‐1, occludin, and claudin‐1), but did not influence the AJ molecule. When Alternaria was pretreated with serine protease inhibitor and heat inactivation, ROS, TER, and TJ molecule expression returned to their nonstimulated levels.

Conclusion

Serine protease in Alternaria altered nasal epithelial barrier function. Intracellular ROS induced by Alternaria may influence the barrier function of nasal epithelial cells and enhance the inflammatory process of nasal mucosa.

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Socioeconomic factors impact quality of life outcomes and olfactory measures in chronic rhinosinusitis

Background

Healthcare disparities related to socioeconomic factors may adversely impact disease states and treatment outcomes. Among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the impact of socioeconomic factors on outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) remains uncertain.

Methods

Adult patients with refractory CRS were prospectively enrolled into an observational, multi‐institutional cohort study between March 2011 and June 2015. Socioeconomic factors analyzed included household income, insurance status, years of education completed, race, age, and ethnicity. Income was stratified according to the Thompson and Hickey model. The 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) and Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) were completed preoperatively and postoperatively.

Results

A total of 392 patients met inclusion criteria. Higher age and male gender were associated with better mean preoperative SNOT‐22 scores (both p < 0.02), whereas Medicare insurance status and male gender were associated with worse preoperative mean BSIT scores (both p < 0.02). Postoperatively, higher household income ($100,001+/year) and lower age were associated with a greater likelihood of improving at least 1 minimal clinically important difference (MCID) on SNOT‐22 scores (OR = 2.40 and 1.03, respectively, both p < 0.05), while no factors were associated with increased odds of achieving a MCID on BSIT scores.

Conclusions

Preoperative olfactory function and postoperative quality of life (QOL) improvement were associated with metrics of socioeconomic status in patients with CRS electing ESS. The odds of experiencing a clinically meaningful QOL improvement were more than twice as likely for patients with the highest household income level compared to other income tiers. Further investigation is warranted to identify barriers to postoperative improvement.

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