Correlation Between β-Glucan and Neutrophil/Eosinophil Ratio of Paranasal Sinus Mucosa and Blood in the Diagnosis of Chronic Fungal Rhinosinusitis.

Conclusions: β-glucan can be used to establish the diagnosis of chronic fungal rhinosinusitis. However, differential diagnosis of allergy or infection cannot be excluded by examination of blood NER. Still, it is hoped that the process of diagnosis can be obtained quickly and precisely without the need for invasive procedure although it requires more research, especially related to the diagnostic test. PMID: 30210718 [PubMed] (Source: Oman Medical Journal)

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Correlation Between β-Glucan and Neutrophil/Eosinophil Ratio of Paranasal Sinus Mucosa and Blood in the Diagnosis of Chronic Fungal Rhinosinusitis.

Conclusions: β-glucan can be used to establish the diagnosis of chronic fungal rhinosinusitis. However, differential diagnosis of allergy or infection cannot be excluded by examination of blood NER. Still, it is hoped that the process of diagnosis can be obtained quickly and precisely without the need for invasive procedure although it requires more research, especially related to the diagnostic test. PMID: 30210718 [PubMed] (Source: Oman Medical Journal)

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Late toxicity of image-guided hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate: non-randomized comparison with conventional fractionation

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the incidence and predictors for late toxicity and tumor outcome after hypofractionated radiotherapy using three different image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) systems (hypo-IGRT) compared with conventional fractionation without image guidance (non-IGRT).

Methods and materials

We compared the late rectal and urinary toxicity and outcome in 179 prostate cancer patients treated with hypo-IGRT (70.2 Gy/26 fractions) and 174 non-IGRT patients (80 Gy/40 fractions). Multivariate analysis was performed to define predictors for late toxicity. 5- and 8-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.

Results

Mean follow-up was 81 months for hypo-IGRT and 90 months for non-IGRT group. Mainly mild late toxicity was observed: Hypo-IGRT group experienced 65 rectal (30.9% G1/G2; 6.3% G3/G4) and 105 urinary events (56% G1/G2; 4% G3/G4). 5- and 8-year RFS rates were 87.5% and 86.8% (hypo-IGRT) versus 80.4% and 66.8% (non-IGRT). 5- and 8-year OS rates were 91.3% and 82.7% in hypo-IGRT and 92.2% and 84% in non-IGRT group. Multivariate analysis showed that hypo-IGRT is a predictor for late genitourinary toxicity, whereas hypo-IGRT, acute urinary toxicity and androgen deprivation therapy are predictors for late rectal toxicity. Advanced T stage and higher Gleason score (GS) were correlated with worse RFS.

Conclusions

A small increase in mild late toxicity, but not statistically significant increase in severe late toxicity in the hypo-IGRT group when compared with conventional non-IGRT group was observed. Our study confirmed that IGRT allows for safe moderate hypofractionation, offering a shorter overall treatment time, a good impact in terms of RFS and providing potentially more economic health care.

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Late toxicity of image-guided hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate: non-randomized comparison with conventional fractionation

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the incidence and predictors for late toxicity and tumor outcome after hypofractionated radiotherapy using three different image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) systems (hypo-IGRT) compared with conventional fractionation without image guidance (non-IGRT).

Methods and materials

We compared the late rectal and urinary toxicity and outcome in 179 prostate cancer patients treated with hypo-IGRT (70.2 Gy/26 fractions) and 174 non-IGRT patients (80 Gy/40 fractions). Multivariate analysis was performed to define predictors for late toxicity. 5- and 8-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.

Results

Mean follow-up was 81 months for hypo-IGRT and 90 months for non-IGRT group. Mainly mild late toxicity was observed: Hypo-IGRT group experienced 65 rectal (30.9% G1/G2; 6.3% G3/G4) and 105 urinary events (56% G1/G2; 4% G3/G4). 5- and 8-year RFS rates were 87.5% and 86.8% (hypo-IGRT) versus 80.4% and 66.8% (non-IGRT). 5- and 8-year OS rates were 91.3% and 82.7% in hypo-IGRT and 92.2% and 84% in non-IGRT group. Multivariate analysis showed that hypo-IGRT is a predictor for late genitourinary toxicity, whereas hypo-IGRT, acute urinary toxicity and androgen deprivation therapy are predictors for late rectal toxicity. Advanced T stage and higher Gleason score (GS) were correlated with worse RFS.

Conclusions

A small increase in mild late toxicity, but not statistically significant increase in severe late toxicity in the hypo-IGRT group when compared with conventional non-IGRT group was observed. Our study confirmed that IGRT allows for safe moderate hypofractionation, offering a shorter overall treatment time, a good impact in terms of RFS and providing potentially more economic health care.

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Cognitive Performance of Severely Hearing-impaired Older Adults Before and After Cochlear Implantation: Preliminary Results of a Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort Study Using the RBANS-H

Objective: To evaluate cognitive change in severely hearing-impaired older adults after cochlear implantation. Study Design: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study with assessments before, and at 6 and 12 months after implantation. Patients: Twenty older adults (median age: 71.5 yr). Main Outcome Measures: Change in the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status for Hearing-impaired individuals (RBANS-H) total score and subdomain scores were used to assess cognitive evolution. In addition, change in best-aided speech audiometry in quiet (monosyllabic words) and in noise (Leuven Intelligibility Sentences Test [LIST]) was examined, as well as patient-reported measures of health-related quality of life (Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire [NCIQ]), self-p...

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Is There a Relationship Between Bone Quality and Hearing Level?

Conclusion: We could not find a relationship between hearing loss and bone quality. Hearing levels can be affected by various factors, so further studies are needed to assess regional temporal bone quality. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Evaluation of Outcome Variability Associated With Lateral Wall, Mid-scalar, and Perimodiolar Electrode Arrays When Controlling for Preoperative Patient Characteristics

Conclusion: While previous studies have demonstrated superior postoperative speech recognition scores in LW electrode array recipients, these differences lose significance when controlling for baseline hearing and speech recognition ability. These data demonstrate the proclivity for implanting individuals with greater residual hearing with LW electrodes and its impact on postoperative results. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Primary Endoscopic Stapes Surgery: Audiologic and Surgical Outcomes

Conclusions: Endoscopic stapedotomy and stapedectomy are effective techniques to manage stapes fixation resulting in a median postoperative ABG of 6.25 dB and ABG closure to within 10 dB in 84% of patients. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Incidence for Tip Foldover During Cochlear Implantation

Conclusion: In a large academic center with experienced surgeons, tip foldover verified by CT/DVT arose at a rate of 0.87%. PM electrode carriers inherited the highest risk for this electrode malposition. Revision surgery was feasible in these cases. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Hearing Preservation With Standard Length Electrodes in Pediatric Cochlear Implantation

Conclusion: Hearing preservation is achievable to varying degrees in pediatric cochlear implantation using standard length electrodes though it is difficult to predict preoperatively which children may benefit. This study is among the largest additions to the knowledge base for this patient group. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Assessing Cochlear Length Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Adults With Cochlear Implants

Conclusion: A novel method for calculating outer- and inner-wall cochlear length using CBCT images has been developed which is feasible in clinical settings. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Cochlear Implantation in Organ Transplant Recipients

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that organ transplant recipients, and especially children, are at increased risk of postoperative complications after cochlear implantation in comparison with healthy CI recipients. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Cognitive Performance of Severely Hearing-impaired Older Adults Before and After Cochlear Implantation: Preliminary Results of a Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort Study Using the RBANS-H

Objective: To evaluate cognitive change in severely hearing-impaired older adults after cochlear implantation. Study Design: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study with assessments before, and at 6 and 12 months after implantation. Patients: Twenty older adults (median age: 71.5 yr). Main Outcome Measures: Change in the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status for Hearing-impaired individuals (RBANS-H) total score and subdomain scores were used to assess cognitive evolution. In addition, change in best-aided speech audiometry in quiet (monosyllabic words) and in noise (Leuven Intelligibility Sentences Test [LIST]) was examined, as well as patient-reported measures of health-related quality of life (Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire [NCIQ]), self-p...

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Single Sided Deaf Cochlear Implant Users in the Difficult Listening Situation: Speech Perception and Subjective Benefit

Conclusion: Patients with single-sided deafness do benefit from a CI in difficult listening environments and are able to localize sound based on interaural level differences. Considering these outcomes, cochlear implantation represents a promising treatment option for patients with single-sided deafness. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Is There a Relationship Between Bone Quality and Hearing Level?

Conclusion: We could not find a relationship between hearing loss and bone quality. Hearing levels can be affected by various factors, so further studies are needed to assess regional temporal bone quality. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Cochlear Implantation With a Novel Long Straight Electrode: the Insertion Results Evaluated by Imaging and Histology in Human Temporal Bones

Conclusion: Comparable insertion results as reported for other arrays were also found for the EVO. Insertion trauma can be mostly avoided with meticulous insertion techniques to prevent bulging and by limiting the insertion depth angle to 360 degrees. The image fusion technique is a reliable tool for evaluating electrode placement and is feasible for trauma grading. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Evaluation of Outcome Variability Associated With Lateral Wall, Mid-scalar, and Perimodiolar Electrode Arrays When Controlling for Preoperative Patient Characteristics

Conclusion: While previous studies have demonstrated superior postoperative speech recognition scores in LW electrode array recipients, these differences lose significance when controlling for baseline hearing and speech recognition ability. These data demonstrate the proclivity for implanting individuals with greater residual hearing with LW electrodes and its impact on postoperative results. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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What to Do When Cochlear Implant Users Plateau in Performance: a Pilot Study of Clinician-guided Aural Rehabilitation

Conclusions: CGAR represents a potentially efficacious approach to improving speech recognition and QOL for experienced CI users. Limitations and considerations in implementing and studying aural rehabilitation approaches are discussed. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Primary Endoscopic Stapes Surgery: Audiologic and Surgical Outcomes

Conclusions: Endoscopic stapedotomy and stapedectomy are effective techniques to manage stapes fixation resulting in a median postoperative ABG of 6.25 dB and ABG closure to within 10 dB in 84% of patients. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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Unilateral Versus Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Children With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD)

Conclusions: Both bilateral CI and unilateral CI + HA groups achieved high rates of open-set speech perception. Bilateral CI may be beneficial in patients with bilateral hearing loss or those that fail to progress with unilateral CI + HA. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)

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