Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum 299v decreases kynurenine concentration and improves cognitive functions in patients with major depression: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study

In recent years, the role of intestinal microbiota, as a component of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, has become an important player in neuroscience and psychiatric research. Animal and human studies point out the role of those bacteria in maintaining the psycho-neuro-immunological balance through various actions, such as the modulation of the immune and the neuroendocrine systems e.g. hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA), changes of the TRP metabolism in the serotonin (5-HT) and the kynurenine axes, regulation of the neurogenesis and improvement of intestinal permeability. (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)

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