Association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and offspring atopic dermatitis: a prospective cohort study

Publication date: Available online 8 November 2018

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice

Author(s): Aaron M. Drucker, Eliza I. Pope, Alison E. Field, Abrar A. Qureshi, Orianne Dumas, Carlos A. Camargo

Abstract

Background

Maternal weight status may contribute to the development of atopic disorders in children.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of atopic dermatitis in children

Methods

Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were assessed by questionnaire through the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), a prospective cohort study of U.S. children. Mothers reported whether GUTS participants had ever been diagnosed with atopic dermatitis by a clinician in either 1997 or 1999, when GUTS participants were between 10-17 years old. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association of BMI and GWG with atopic dermatitis in offspring (expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals).

Results

Among 13,269 GUTS participants, 2,058 (16%) had childhood atopic dermatitis. Higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was not associated with atopic dermatitis (p trend = 0.48). By contrast, GWG was associated with increased atopic dermatitis risk (p trend = 0.005). Compared to children of mothers who gained 25-34 lb, children of mothers who gained 35-44 lb (OR 1.11,0.98-1.26) and ≥45 lbs (OR 1.23,1.05-1.43) had an increased risk of atopic dermatitis. These associations appeared stronger with pre-pregnancy BMI >25 (GWG 35-44 lb: OR 1.20,0.84-1.69; GWG ≥45 lb: OR 1.57,1.07-2.31), but the statstical interaction between BMI and GWG was not significant.

Conclusion

In this study, increased GWG was associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis in offspring. This supports existing evidence that prenatal exposures contribute to the development of atopic disorders.

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