Content analysis of internet marketing strategies use to promote flavored electronic cigarettes

Publication date: Available online 14 November 2018

Source: Addictive Behaviors

Author(s): Eric K. Soule, Kari-Lyn K. Sakuma, Sherilyn Palafox, Pallav Pokhrel, Thaddeus Herzog, Noel Thompson, Pebbles Fagan

Abstract

Introduction

Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites.

Methods

Four ECIG liquid retailers from four U.S. geographic regions (n = 16) were randomly selected. Menthol, apple, and tobacco flavored liquids were purchased in April of 2016 (n = 144, 48 unique flavors). Staff analyzed the text and image descriptors displayed on liquid bottles and retailer websites and coded content for presence of specific flavor, taste/smell, chemesthesis (i.e., touch), America/patriotic, and product quality/potentially modified risk content. A follow-up of retailer websites was conducted in March 2018.

Results

Nearly all (97.9%) ECIG liquids included a description that promoted flavor. Most descriptions including images of something other than an ECIG liquid bottle (e.g., 62% of tobacco ECIG liquid images including dried tobacco leaves, 43% of menthol ECIG liquid images including mint leaves or ice, 62% of apple ECIG liquid images including an apple). Images often promoted product sensations (e.g., cool, ice), sweet tastes of other products (e.g., chocolate, apple pie), or other appeals (e.g., America). Menthol and apple descriptions/images were more likely than tobacco flavors to promote appeals related to chemesthesis (e.g., cool, warm, moist; p < .05). Most flavors were still available in 2018 and included the same flavor descriptions from 2016.

Conclusions

Flavored ECIG liquid marketing often includes text descriptions and images that appeal to consumer sensations. Studies are needed to examine how youth access to point-of-sale Internet advertisements influences their attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing of ECIG products.

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