The effect of regulatory T cells on tolerance to airborne allergens and allergen immunotherapy

Forkhead box P3 –positive regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential mediators of tolerance against self-antigens and harmless exogenous antigens. Treg cell deficiencies result in multiple autoimmune and allergic syndromes in neonates. How Treg cells affect conventional allergies against aeroantigens, which are rest ricted to a few specific proteins released from inhaled particles, remains controversial. The hallmarks of antigen-specific loss of tolerance are allergen-specific TH2 cells and IgE. However, difficulties in identifying the rare allergen-specific Treg cells have obscured the cellular basis of tolera nce to aeroallergens, which is also a major obstacle for the rational design of novel and more efficient allergen-specific immunotherapies. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical I...

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