Does the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value Predict Permanent Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats?

Publication date: Available online 17 January 2019

Source: Academic Radiology

Author(s): Jae-Im Kwon, Chul-Woong Woo, Kyung-Won Kim, Yoonseok Choi, Sang-Tae Kim, Yun Jae Kim, Jeeheon Kang, Do-Wan Lee, Eunyoung Tak, Jeong-Kon Kim, Seung-Chae Jung, Tae-Hyung Kim, Dong-Cheol Woo

Rationale and Objectives

Variation in tissue damage after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can cause uncertainty in stroke-related studies, which can be reduced if the damage can be predicted early after ischemia by measuring the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). We investigated whether ADC measurement in the acute phase can predict permanent cerebral I/R injury.

Materials and Methods

The middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established using the intraluminal suture method to induce 60 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion in rats. T2-weighted images and diffusion-weighted images were obtained at 30 minutes and 24 hours after ischemia. Neuronal cell survival was assessed by neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunofluorescence staining. The correlation between relative ADC (rADC) values at 30 minutes and I/R injury at 24 hours after ischemia was analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging results were confirmed by histologic analysis.

Results

The correlation between rADC values at 30 minutes and 24 hours was strong in the ischemic core and peri-infarct region but moderate in the anterior choroidal and hypothalamic region. Histologic analysis revealed that the correlation between rADC values at 30 minutes and the number of NeuN-positive cells at 24 hours was strong in the ischemic core and peri-infarct region but moderate in the anterior choroidal and hypothalamic region. Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation between the sum of rADC values of three regions at 30 minutes and the infarct volume at 24 hours.

Conclusion

ADC measurement in the acute phase can predict permanent cerebral I/R injury and provide important information for the evaluation of ischemic stroke.

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