Differentiation Between Glioblastoma and Solitary Brain Metastasis using Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging

Publication date: Available online 12 November 2018

Source: Journal of Neuroradiology

Author(s): Yoshihito Toshinori Hirai, Minako Yohei Hattori, Zaw Aung Khant, Masaaki Hori, Kiyotaka Saito, Kiyotaka Yokogami, Hideo Takeshima

Abstract

Background and purpose – Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is a new technique that applies a three-diffusion-compartment biophysical model. We assessed the usefulness of NODDI for the differentiation of glioblastoma from solitary brain metastasis.

Methods – NODDI data were prospectively obtained on a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner from patients with previously untreated, histopathologically confirmed glioblastoma (n = 9) or solitary brain metastasis (n = 6). Using the NODDI Matlab Toolbox, we generated maps of the intracellular-, extracellular-, and isotropic volume (VIC, VEC, VISO) fraction. Apparent diffusion coefficient- and fraction anisotropy maps were created from the diffusion data. On each map we manually drew a region of interest around the peritumoral signal-change (PSC)- and the enhancing solid area of the lesion. Differences between glioblastoma and metastatic lesions were assessed and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was determined.

Results – On VEC maps the mean value of the PSC area was significantly higher for glioblastoma than metastasis (p < 0.05); on VISO maps it tended to be higher for metastasis than glioblastoma. There was no significant difference on the other maps. Among the 5 parameters, the VEC fraction in the PSC area showed the highest diagnostic performance. The VEC threshold value of ≥ 0.48 yielded 100% sensitivity, 83.3% specificity, and an AUC of 0.87 for differentiating between the two tumor types.

Conclusions – NODDI compartment maps of the PSC area may help to differentiate between glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis.

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