Authors: Pietzner K, Nasser S, Alavi S, Darb-Esfahani S, Passler M, Muallem MZ, Sehouli J Abstract The introduction of checkpoint inhibitors revolutionized immuno-oncology. The efficacy of traditional immunotherapeutics, like vaccines and immunostimulants was very limited due to persistent immune-escape strategies of cancer cells. Checkpoint inhibitors target these escape mechanisms and re-direct the immune system to anti-tumor toxicity. Phenomenal results have been reported in entities like melanoma, where no other therapy was able to demonstrate survival benefit, before the introduction of immunotherapeutics. The first experience in ovarian cancer (OC) was reported for nivolumab, a fully human anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) antibody, in 2015. While the data are extrao...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVwzf5
Παρασκευή 14 Σεπτεμβρίου 2018
Checkpoint-inhibition in ovarian cancer: rising star or just a dream?
Chickens Expressing IFIT5 Ameliorate Clinical Outcome and Pathology of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Velogenic Newcastle Disease Viruses
Mohammed A. Rohaim, Diwakar Santhakumar, Rania F. El Naggar, Munir Iqbal, Hussein A. Hussein, Muhammad Munir (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NMHlbO
Atopic dermatitis in African American patients is TH2/TH22-skewed with TH1/TH17 attenuation
African Americans/(AA) are disproportionately impacted by atopic dermatitis/(AD) with increased prevalence and therapeutic challenges unique to this population. Molecular profiling data informing development of targeted therapeutics for AD are derived primarily from European American/(EA) patients. These studies are absent in AA, hindering development of effective treatments for this population. (Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CYPvdf
Necrobiosis lipoidica associated with sarcoidosis
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2N9ERF7
Necrobiosis lipoidica associated with sarcoidosis
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2N9ERF7
Dural Venous Sinus Stenting for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An updated Review
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Journal of Neuroradiology
Author(s): Lakshmi Leishangthem, Pooja Sir Deshpande, Dharti Dua, Sudhakar R. Satti
Abstract
Background
Dural venous sinus stenting (DVSS) is an accepted treatment option in selected patients with medically refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension and obstructive venous outflow physiology prior to cerebrospinal flow diversion (CSFD) surgery. There are no randomized controlled studies focusing on outcomes and complication rates for dural venous sinus stenting.
Purpose
We present the largest comprehensive meta-analysis on DVSS for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) focusing on success rates, complications, and re-stenting rates to date. We also present a simplified approach to direct retrograde internal jugular vein (IJ) access for DVSS that allows for expedited procedures.
Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective electronic PubMed query of all peer reviewed articles in the last 15 years between 2003 to 2018. We included all patients who underwent dural venous sinus stenting for a medically refractive IIH and excluded articles without sufficient data on outcomes, complication rates and re-stenting rates. We also evaluated and compared outcomes in patients undergoing direct retrograde IJ access DVSS to traditional transfemoral vein access.
Results
A total of 29 papers and 410 patients who underwent DVSS met criteria for inclusion. DVSS was associated with high technical success [99.5%], low rates of repeated procedure [10%], and low major complication rates [1.5%].
Conclusion
Our retrospective comprehensive review of DVSS for medically refractory IIH suggests that stenting in appropriately chosen patients is associated with low complication rates, high technical success, and low repeat procedure rates.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OqXwcc
Assessment of collateral blood flow in patients with distal branch occlusion of the middle cerebral artery
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Journal of Neuroradiology
Author(s): Boehme J, Wenz H, Al-Zghloul M, Alonso A, Groden C, Förster A
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Aim of this study was to evaluate the collateral blood flow between more distal branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the case of peripheral MCA branch occlusion on dynamic 4D angiograms. We sought to individually predict the finally resulting infarction volume with regard to the extent of collateral blood flow.
Methods: Overall, 35 acute ischemic stroke patients with peripheral MCA branch occlusion were included. Volumes of the ischemic infarctions and perfusion deficits were measured on diffusion weighted images DWI and time-to-peak TTP (>4S). Collateral flow on 4D MR angiograms were classified as previously specified.
Results: On DWI, the ischemic lesions had a mean volume of 3.4 ± 15.1 ml while the mean volume on TTP (>4S) was significantly larger 22.0 ± 18.1 ml (p < 0.001). On dynamic 4D angiograms we observed grade 1 in 8 (22.9%), grade 2 in 4 (11.4%), grade 3 in 10 (28.6%), and grade 4 in 13 (37.1%) patients. In comparison to patients with better collateralization (grade 3-4) patients with less sufficient collateralization (grade 0-2) demonstrated larger infarction volumes on initial (11.1 ml (IQR 2.9-35.5) vs. 2.1 ml (IQR 0.5-4.5), p = 0.03) and follow-up DWI (15.5 ml (IQR 12.6-23.3) vs. 1.9 ml (IQR 0.5-4.5), p = 0.03) with prominent infarction growth (7.4 ml (IQR 2.6-10.1) vs. 0.9 ml (IQR 0.2-2.6), p = 0.08).
Conclusions: In the majority of cases with distal MCA branch occlusion a good collateral blood flow has been observed. Nevertheless, in approximately one quarter of patients an insufficient collateral blood flow has been detected that was associated with substantial infarction growth.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NIWYRv
Dural Venous Sinus Stenting for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An updated Review
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Journal of Neuroradiology
Author(s): Lakshmi Leishangthem, Pooja Sir Deshpande, Dharti Dua, Sudhakar R. Satti
Abstract
Background
Dural venous sinus stenting (DVSS) is an accepted treatment option in selected patients with medically refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension and obstructive venous outflow physiology prior to cerebrospinal flow diversion (CSFD) surgery. There are no randomized controlled studies focusing on outcomes and complication rates for dural venous sinus stenting.
Purpose
We present the largest comprehensive meta-analysis on DVSS for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) focusing on success rates, complications, and re-stenting rates to date. We also present a simplified approach to direct retrograde internal jugular vein (IJ) access for DVSS that allows for expedited procedures.
Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective electronic PubMed query of all peer reviewed articles in the last 15 years between 2003 to 2018. We included all patients who underwent dural venous sinus stenting for a medically refractive IIH and excluded articles without sufficient data on outcomes, complication rates and re-stenting rates. We also evaluated and compared outcomes in patients undergoing direct retrograde IJ access DVSS to traditional transfemoral vein access.
Results
A total of 29 papers and 410 patients who underwent DVSS met criteria for inclusion. DVSS was associated with high technical success [99.5%], low rates of repeated procedure [10%], and low major complication rates [1.5%].
Conclusion
Our retrospective comprehensive review of DVSS for medically refractory IIH suggests that stenting in appropriately chosen patients is associated with low complication rates, high technical success, and low repeat procedure rates.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2OqXwcc
Assessment of collateral blood flow in patients with distal branch occlusion of the middle cerebral artery
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Journal of Neuroradiology
Author(s): Boehme J, Wenz H, Al-Zghloul M, Alonso A, Groden C, Förster A
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Aim of this study was to evaluate the collateral blood flow between more distal branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the case of peripheral MCA branch occlusion on dynamic 4D angiograms. We sought to individually predict the finally resulting infarction volume with regard to the extent of collateral blood flow.
Methods: Overall, 35 acute ischemic stroke patients with peripheral MCA branch occlusion were included. Volumes of the ischemic infarctions and perfusion deficits were measured on diffusion weighted images DWI and time-to-peak TTP (>4S). Collateral flow on 4D MR angiograms were classified as previously specified.
Results: On DWI, the ischemic lesions had a mean volume of 3.4 ± 15.1 ml while the mean volume on TTP (>4S) was significantly larger 22.0 ± 18.1 ml (p < 0.001). On dynamic 4D angiograms we observed grade 1 in 8 (22.9%), grade 2 in 4 (11.4%), grade 3 in 10 (28.6%), and grade 4 in 13 (37.1%) patients. In comparison to patients with better collateralization (grade 3-4) patients with less sufficient collateralization (grade 0-2) demonstrated larger infarction volumes on initial (11.1 ml (IQR 2.9-35.5) vs. 2.1 ml (IQR 0.5-4.5), p = 0.03) and follow-up DWI (15.5 ml (IQR 12.6-23.3) vs. 1.9 ml (IQR 0.5-4.5), p = 0.03) with prominent infarction growth (7.4 ml (IQR 2.6-10.1) vs. 0.9 ml (IQR 0.2-2.6), p = 0.08).
Conclusions: In the majority of cases with distal MCA branch occlusion a good collateral blood flow has been observed. Nevertheless, in approximately one quarter of patients an insufficient collateral blood flow has been detected that was associated with substantial infarction growth.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NIWYRv
Bepotastine besilate for the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis.
This article was created from a comprehensive literature search with information taken from clinical trials. The articles that have been selected evaluate the clinical and non-clinical pharmacology of BB as well as its use in AR and its efficiency in the improvement of symptoms, its safety, common adverse effects, and overall experiences of its use. Expert opinion: BB is effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Side effects are infrequent in patients with AR who do not have kidney or liver disease. Clinical trial experience with oral bepotastine outside the United States has confirmed its safety. BB can be useful as a therapeutic option in patients with AR who would like to explore an alternative to the currently available once-daily oral H1-antihistamines. P...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QvFTJC
Mucin 2 (MUC2) promoter characterization: an overview
AbstractTransgenic livestock have been studied with a well-known interest in improving quantitative and qualitative traits. In order to direct heterologous gene expression, it is indispensable to identify and characterize a promoter suitable for directing the expression of the gene of interest (GOI) in a tissue-specific way. The gastrointestinal tract is a desirable target for gene expression in several mammalian models. Throughout the surface of the intestinal epithelium, there is an intricate polymer network, formed by gel-forming mucins (especially MUC2 and MUC5AC, of which MUC2 is the major one), which plays a protective role due to the formation of a physical, chemical and immunological barrier between the organism and the environment. The characterization of the gel-forming mucins is...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Mx7Aye
Ultraschalldiagnostik bei muskuloligamentären Verletzungen sowie Insertionstendinopathien am Ellenbogengelenk
Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Akute Kapsel-Band-Verletzungen des Ellenbogengelenkes resultieren nahezu ausschließlich aus Luxations- oder Subluxationstraumen und stellen gemeinsam mit den Überlastungssyndromen (Epikondylitiden) am Ellenbogen häufige Erkrankungsbilder im unfallchirurgisch-orthopädischen sowie radiologischen Alltag dar.
Klinisches Problem
Aufgrund der Komplexität des Ellenbogengelenkes ist die Kenntnis der Verletzungsmechanismen und exakten Anatomie entscheidende Voraussetzung für das Verständnis des Verletzungsausmaßes und somit auch Grundlage der richtigen Diagnosestellung und Therapiewahl. Zur differenzierten Behandlung gehören eine genaue klinische Untersuchung sowie bildgebende Diagnostik.
Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik
Da gerade in der posttraumatischen Akutphase die klinische Untersuchung oft nur schwer durchführbar ist, wird in der Akutdiagnostik der im Vergleich zur Magnetresonanztomographie kostengünstigen sowie schnell verfügbaren Ultraschalldiagnostik zunehmende Bedeutung zugeschrieben. Sie kann als dynamische Untersuchung Bewegungsabläufe visualisieren und so Pathologien sichtbar machen.
Im Folgenden werden Ultraschallbefunde häufiger Verletzungen am Ellenbogen dargestellt und beschrieben.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Qy99zx
Bepotastine besilate for the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis.
This article was created from a comprehensive literature search with information taken from clinical trials. The articles that have been selected evaluate the clinical and non-clinical pharmacology of BB as well as its use in AR and its efficiency in the improvement of symptoms, its safety, common adverse effects, and overall experiences of its use. Expert opinion: BB is effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Side effects are infrequent in patients with AR who do not have kidney or liver disease. Clinical trial experience with oral bepotastine outside the United States has confirmed its safety. BB can be useful as a therapeutic option in patients with AR who would like to explore an alternative to the currently available once-daily oral H1-antihistamines. P...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QvFTJC
Mucin 2 (MUC2) promoter characterization: an overview
AbstractTransgenic livestock have been studied with a well-known interest in improving quantitative and qualitative traits. In order to direct heterologous gene expression, it is indispensable to identify and characterize a promoter suitable for directing the expression of the gene of interest (GOI) in a tissue-specific way. The gastrointestinal tract is a desirable target for gene expression in several mammalian models. Throughout the surface of the intestinal epithelium, there is an intricate polymer network, formed by gel-forming mucins (especially MUC2 and MUC5AC, of which MUC2 is the major one), which plays a protective role due to the formation of a physical, chemical and immunological barrier between the organism and the environment. The characterization of the gel-forming mucins is...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Mx7Aye
Ultraschalldiagnostik bei muskuloligamentären Verletzungen sowie Insertionstendinopathien am Ellenbogengelenk
Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Akute Kapsel-Band-Verletzungen des Ellenbogengelenkes resultieren nahezu ausschließlich aus Luxations- oder Subluxationstraumen und stellen gemeinsam mit den Überlastungssyndromen (Epikondylitiden) am Ellenbogen häufige Erkrankungsbilder im unfallchirurgisch-orthopädischen sowie radiologischen Alltag dar.
Klinisches Problem
Aufgrund der Komplexität des Ellenbogengelenkes ist die Kenntnis der Verletzungsmechanismen und exakten Anatomie entscheidende Voraussetzung für das Verständnis des Verletzungsausmaßes und somit auch Grundlage der richtigen Diagnosestellung und Therapiewahl. Zur differenzierten Behandlung gehören eine genaue klinische Untersuchung sowie bildgebende Diagnostik.
Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik
Da gerade in der posttraumatischen Akutphase die klinische Untersuchung oft nur schwer durchführbar ist, wird in der Akutdiagnostik der im Vergleich zur Magnetresonanztomographie kostengünstigen sowie schnell verfügbaren Ultraschalldiagnostik zunehmende Bedeutung zugeschrieben. Sie kann als dynamische Untersuchung Bewegungsabläufe visualisieren und so Pathologien sichtbar machen.
Im Folgenden werden Ultraschallbefunde häufiger Verletzungen am Ellenbogen dargestellt und beschrieben.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Qy99zx
Les indications cliniques et morphologiques des reconstructions mammaires différées
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique
Author(s): C. Bruant Rodier, F. Bodin, L. Ruffenach, C. Depoortere, C. Dissaux
Résumé
Les techniques de reconstructions mammaires sont nombreuses et toutes doivent pouvoir être proposées au sein d'une équipe, des plus simples aux plus compliquées. Le choix de la technique se fait simplement au cours de la consultation par discussion entre chirurgien et patiente. Seul un angioscanner peut s'avérer nécessaire au choix du DIEP. Le chirurgien se base sur l'examen clinique des tissus en zone mammaire et des sites potentiellement donneurs de lambeaux ou de graisse. La patiente exprime ses désirs et ses attentes en termes de volume, de forme, de suivi, de risques encourus. Le chirurgien propose et à la lumière informations données, la patiente prendra la décision finale. Le chirurgien doit s'appliquer à trouver la technique la plus adaptée à la demande individuelle de chaque patiente. Une indication finement posée est garant d'une satisfaction qui constitue le seul but de la reconstruction mammaire. Ce dialogue et le cheminement vers le choix final de l'indication sont volontairement présentés ici sous un format ludique et original.
Summary
A full range of breast reconstructions procedures exists and had to be proposed within a surgical team, from the simplest to the most complex. The choice of the technique is simply based on the discussion between the surgeon and the patient during a consultation. A computed tomographic angiography might be required in the case of DIEP flap reconstruction. The surgeon bases his decision on a clinical exam of the breast area, the quality of the tissues and looks for potential flaps or fat donor sites. The patient expresses her expectations in terms of breast volume, form and is clearly informed about potential risks and follow-up. Thus the surgeon could propose the most adequate procedure in the case of the patient, who will take the final decision. The surgeon should ensure to find the most adapted procedure to each individual. A well-determined indication will lead to a truly satisfied patient, which is the main goal of breast reconstruction. We decided to present this dialogue and the path towards the final choice in a fun and original format.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QvauGX
Historique du traitement du cancer du sein
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique
Author(s): J. Bardot, G. Magalon, R.F. Mazzola
Résumé
En six pages de dessins les auteurs résument l'histoire du traitement du cancer du sein, puis les étapes de la reconstruction. Ils mettent l'accent sur la variété des techniques qui ont été employées et sur les débats autour des indications de la reconstruction après cancer.
Summary
The authors summarize in those six pages of drawings the history of breast cancer reconstruction treatment. The focus is on the variety of techniques available for breast reconstruction and on the debates around different indications.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CSX597
Les indications cliniques et morphologiques des reconstructions mammaires différées
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique
Author(s): C. Bruant Rodier, F. Bodin, L. Ruffenach, C. Depoortere, C. Dissaux
Résumé
Les techniques de reconstructions mammaires sont nombreuses et toutes doivent pouvoir être proposées au sein d'une équipe, des plus simples aux plus compliquées. Le choix de la technique se fait simplement au cours de la consultation par discussion entre chirurgien et patiente. Seul un angioscanner peut s'avérer nécessaire au choix du DIEP. Le chirurgien se base sur l'examen clinique des tissus en zone mammaire et des sites potentiellement donneurs de lambeaux ou de graisse. La patiente exprime ses désirs et ses attentes en termes de volume, de forme, de suivi, de risques encourus. Le chirurgien propose et à la lumière informations données, la patiente prendra la décision finale. Le chirurgien doit s'appliquer à trouver la technique la plus adaptée à la demande individuelle de chaque patiente. Une indication finement posée est garant d'une satisfaction qui constitue le seul but de la reconstruction mammaire. Ce dialogue et le cheminement vers le choix final de l'indication sont volontairement présentés ici sous un format ludique et original.
Summary
A full range of breast reconstructions procedures exists and had to be proposed within a surgical team, from the simplest to the most complex. The choice of the technique is simply based on the discussion between the surgeon and the patient during a consultation. A computed tomographic angiography might be required in the case of DIEP flap reconstruction. The surgeon bases his decision on a clinical exam of the breast area, the quality of the tissues and looks for potential flaps or fat donor sites. The patient expresses her expectations in terms of breast volume, form and is clearly informed about potential risks and follow-up. Thus the surgeon could propose the most adequate procedure in the case of the patient, who will take the final decision. The surgeon should ensure to find the most adapted procedure to each individual. A well-determined indication will lead to a truly satisfied patient, which is the main goal of breast reconstruction. We decided to present this dialogue and the path towards the final choice in a fun and original format.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QvauGX
Historique du traitement du cancer du sein
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique
Author(s): J. Bardot, G. Magalon, R.F. Mazzola
Résumé
En six pages de dessins les auteurs résument l'histoire du traitement du cancer du sein, puis les étapes de la reconstruction. Ils mettent l'accent sur la variété des techniques qui ont été employées et sur les débats autour des indications de la reconstruction après cancer.
Summary
The authors summarize in those six pages of drawings the history of breast cancer reconstruction treatment. The focus is on the variety of techniques available for breast reconstruction and on the debates around different indications.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CSX597
AZ nabs US approval for new leukaemia drug Lumoxiti
| AZ nabs US approval for new leukaemia drug Lumoxiti PMLiVEFull coverage |
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Olftsy
AZ nabs US approval for new leukaemia drug Lumoxiti
| AZ nabs US approval for new leukaemia drug Lumoxiti PMLiVEFull coverage |
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Olftsy
A Reliability Comparison of Cone-Beam Breast Computed Tomography and Mammography: Breast Density Assessment Referring to the Fifth Edition of the BI-RADS Atlas
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Yue Ma, Yang Cao, Aidi Liu, Lu Yin, Peng Han, Haijie Li, Xiaohua Zhang, Zhaoxiang Ye
Rationale and Objectives
To evaluate the reliability of cone-beam breast computed tomography (CBBCT) in visual assessment of breast density referring to the fifth edition of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System compared to digital mammography.
Materials and Methods
Breast density assessments of 130 female patients were performed by five radiologists referring to the fifth edition of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System atlas both on two-view mammograms and CBBCT images. Assessments were repeated by three radiologists with different experience more than 1 month after the initial evaluation. The inter- and intrareader agreements were compared by using the Cohen's weighted Kappa statistic and intraclass correlation coefficient. Weighted Kappa statistic was also used to analyze the agreement between CBBCT images and mammograms. The influence of radiologist experience for breast density assessment was analyzed using a chi-square test.
Results
For CBBCT images, the inter-reader agreement was 0.781, whereas the agreement on mammograms was 0.744, both demonstrating moderate agreement. The level of intrareader reliability was higher on the CBBCT images than mammograms for breast density evaluation, 0.856 versus 0.786. Based on the majority report, the agreement between these two modalities was on substantial agreement degree. There was a statistically significant difference among radiologists with different levels of experience, and higher density categories were reported more often by experienced reader.
Conclusion
CBBCT showed equal aptitude and better agreement for the breast density evaluation compared to mammography. CBBCT could be an effective modality for breast density assessment and breast cancer risk evaluation in routine diagnosis and breast cancer screening.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGZSGK
A Reliability Comparison of Cone-Beam Breast Computed Tomography and Mammography: Breast Density Assessment Referring to the Fifth Edition of the BI-RADS Atlas
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Yue Ma, Yang Cao, Aidi Liu, Lu Yin, Peng Han, Haijie Li, Xiaohua Zhang, Zhaoxiang Ye
Rationale and Objectives
To evaluate the reliability of cone-beam breast computed tomography (CBBCT) in visual assessment of breast density referring to the fifth edition of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System compared to digital mammography.
Materials and Methods
Breast density assessments of 130 female patients were performed by five radiologists referring to the fifth edition of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System atlas both on two-view mammograms and CBBCT images. Assessments were repeated by three radiologists with different experience more than 1 month after the initial evaluation. The inter- and intrareader agreements were compared by using the Cohen's weighted Kappa statistic and intraclass correlation coefficient. Weighted Kappa statistic was also used to analyze the agreement between CBBCT images and mammograms. The influence of radiologist experience for breast density assessment was analyzed using a chi-square test.
Results
For CBBCT images, the inter-reader agreement was 0.781, whereas the agreement on mammograms was 0.744, both demonstrating moderate agreement. The level of intrareader reliability was higher on the CBBCT images than mammograms for breast density evaluation, 0.856 versus 0.786. Based on the majority report, the agreement between these two modalities was on substantial agreement degree. There was a statistically significant difference among radiologists with different levels of experience, and higher density categories were reported more often by experienced reader.
Conclusion
CBBCT showed equal aptitude and better agreement for the breast density evaluation compared to mammography. CBBCT could be an effective modality for breast density assessment and breast cancer risk evaluation in routine diagnosis and breast cancer screening.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGZSGK
Late Lower Cranial Neuropathy in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients
| Late Lower Cranial Neuropathy in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Cancer NetworkFull coverage |
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CTUfkk
Late Lower Cranial Neuropathy in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients
| Late Lower Cranial Neuropathy in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Cancer NetworkFull coverage |
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CTUfkk
Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026
| Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026 Find Market Research By Abhishek Budholiya (press release) (blog)Full coverage |
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QsKs7g
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy alone or in combination with antibiotic local administration against biofilms of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis
Publication date: Available online 12 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Lívia J. Tavares, Erica D. de Avila, Marlise I. Klein, Beatriz H.D. Panariello, Denise M.P. Spolidório, Ana Cláudia PavarinaAbstractAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) kills several planktonic pathogens. However, the susceptibility of biofilm-derived anaerobic bacteria to aPDT is poorly characterized. Here, we evaluated the effect of Photodithazine (PDZ)-mediated aPDT on Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms. In addition, aPDT was tested with metronidazole (MTZ) to explore the potential antimicrobial effect of the treatment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MTZ was defined for each bacterial species. Single-species biofilm...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVY1cP
Methionine oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in peptides and proteins: A theoretical and Raman spectroscopy study
In this study the oxidation of the methionine residue using the tripeptide GlyMetGly with respect to hydrogen peroxide has been studied using both Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Spectral modifications following the formation of methionine sulfoxide are shown with the appearance of the SO vibration whilst there is also the modification of the CS vibrations at approximately 700 cm−1. The changes in the intensity of the CS stretching band were used to calculate the kinetic rate constant as 7.9 ± 0.6 × 10−3 dm3 mol−1 s−1. The energy barrier for the reaction. is determined both experimentally and using DFT calculations. The reaction of the dairy protein beta-lactoglobulin with hydrogen peroxide is equally studied using the same technique. The solvent accessib...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2N95UjP
Early verbal categories and inflections in children who use speech-generating devices.
Authors: Savaldi-Harussi G, Soto G Abstract The use of early verbal categories, their event types, and the emergence of verbal inflections (-ing, -s, and -ed) were analyzed in data from four participants with motor speech disorders aged 9;5-13;9 (years;months) who used speech-generating devices to converse with a familiar adult. The study was conducted through a secondary analysis of a corpus of data collected as part of another study. It documents the production of verbs and the emergence of verb inflections in natural conversations between each of the participants and a member of their educational team over a period of up to 10 months. All participants used both action and state verbs, although action verbs were dominant. The emergence of the inflections -ing, -s, and -ed varied ...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CTScNa
Realisation of grammatical morphemes by children with phonological impairment.
Authors: Howland C, Baker E, Munro N, McLeod S Abstract The aim of this research was to explore how preschool-aged children with phonological impairment (PI) realise grammatical morphemes across different phonological contexts (i.e. singleton consonant, consonant cluster, syllable), conditions of finiteness and individual morpheme types. Factors accounting for children's realisation of grammatical morphemes were also examined. Eighty-seven Australian English-speaking preschoolers (aged 4-5 years) with PI completed the Children's Assessment of Morphophonology (CHAMP)-an elicited response task-in addition to standardised tests of speech and receptive language. The most challenging grammatical morphemes were finite morphemes (particularly past tense) and grammatical morphemes realise...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NflZEu
An acoustic study of lexical stress contrastivity in children with and without autism spectrum disorders.
Authors: Arciuli J, Bailey B Abstract In this exploratory study, we examined stress contrastivity within real word productions elicited via picture naming in 20 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 20 typical peers group-wise matched on age and vocabulary. Targets had a dominant pattern of lexical stress beginning with a strong-weak pattern (SW: 'caterpillar', 'butterfly') or a non-dominant pattern of lexical stress beginning with a weak-strong pattern (WS: 'tomato', 'potato'). Children produced each target twice (n = 320 productions). Acoustic measures were made for the duration, fundamental frequency, and intensity of the first two vowels for each word production. For vowel duration and fundamental frequency, children with ASD and typical peers produced a similar mag...
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CUA0TB
Addendum.
Authors: Ganz JB, Morin K PMID: 30207188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Augmentative and Alternative Communication)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NbwdpI
The Impact of Exposure With No Training: Implications for Future Partner Training Research.
Conclusions: If the results of this small study are in any way representative of what happens in real life, communication partner training in aphasia becomes even more important than indicated from the positive results of training studies. That is, it is possible that mere exposure to a communication disability such as aphasia could have negative impacts on communication and social interaction. This may be akin to what is known as a "nocebo" effect-something for partner training studies in aphasia to take into account. PMID: 30208393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CWylwM
A Potential Bias in Subjective Ratings of Mental Effort.
Conclusions: Participants likely substitute an easier question when asked to rate the multidimensional construct of mental effort. The results presented here suggest that perceived performance can serve as a ready heuristic and may explain the dissociation between subjective measures of listening effort and behavioral and physiological measures. PMID: 30208416 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NduRKX
Morphosyntax Production of Preschool Children With Hearing Loss: An Evaluation of the Extended Optional Infinitive and Surface Accounts.
Conclusions: Taken together, the findings of this study support a unified theoretical account of morphosyntax weakness in CHL in which both tense and duration of morphemes play a role in morphosyntax production accuracy, with a more robust role for tense than duration. PMID: 30208485 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVrseZ
A Phonetic Complexity-Based Approach For Intelligibility and Articulatory Precision Testing: A Preliminary Study on Talkers With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Conclusions: Considering phonetic complexity for dysarthria tests could result in more sensitive assessments for detecting and monitoring dysarthria progression. PMID: 30208408 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NftOtV
Reliability of Measures of N1 Peak Amplitude of the Compound Action Potential in Younger and Older Adults.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that measurements of AN activity can be robustly and reliably recorded in both younger and older adults using either peak-to-peak or baseline-corrected measurements of the N1 of the CAP. Peak-to-peak measurements yield larger N1 response amplitudes and are the default measurement type for many clinical systems, whereas baseline-corrected measurements are computationally simpler. Furthermore, the relationships between AN activity and stimulus- and participant-related variables were not affected by measurement technique, which suggests that these relationships can be compared across studies using different techniques for measuring the CAP N1. PMID: 30208403 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JS...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVq9g5
Information Content and Efficiency in the Spoken Discourse of Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.
Conclusions: Individuals with PD without dementia demonstrated reduced discourse informativeness that reflects disruptions to both conceptual and lexical discourse processes. In exploratory analyses, reduced efficiency of information content was associated with global cognition and motor severity. Clinical and research implications are discussed within a Cognitivist framework of discourse production (Sheratt, 2007). PMID: 30208482 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NdDViP
Variability in Interpreting "Educational Performance" for Children With Speech Sound Disorders.
Conclusion: There is significant variability across the United States with respect to factors considered part of educational performance for children with SSD. This variability reflects the general quality and specificity of guidelines and/or special education code published by individual states. Clinical and legislative recommendations are included. PMID: 30208479 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2D8hHuj
Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026
| Forecast and Analysis on Anti-Neoplastic Pharmaceutical Agents Market by Future Market Insights 2016 – 2026 Find Market Research By Abhishek Budholiya (press release) (blog)Full coverage |
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QsKs7g
Diagnosing Middle Ear Pathology in 6- to 9-Month-Old Infants Using Wideband Absorbance: A Risk Prediction Model.
Conclusions: The risk prediction model had accurate discrimination and satisfactory calibration. Validation results indicate that it may generalize well to new infants. The model could potentially be used in diagnostic and screening settings. In the context of screening, probabilities provide an intuitive and flexible mechanism for setting the referral threshold that is sensitive to the costs associated with true and false-positive outcomes. In a diagnostic setting, predictions could be used to supplement visual inspection of absorbance for individualized diagnoses. Further research assessing the performance and impact of the model in these contexts is warranted. PMID: 30208481 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NdDS6D
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy alone or in combination with antibiotic local administration against biofilms of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis
Publication date: Available online 12 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Lívia J. Tavares, Erica D. de Avila, Marlise I. Klein, Beatriz H.D. Panariello, Denise M.P. Spolidório, Ana Cláudia PavarinaAbstractAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) kills several planktonic pathogens. However, the susceptibility of biofilm-derived anaerobic bacteria to aPDT is poorly characterized. Here, we evaluated the effect of Photodithazine (PDZ)-mediated aPDT on Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms. In addition, aPDT was tested with metronidazole (MTZ) to explore the potential antimicrobial effect of the treatment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MTZ was defined for each bacterial species. Single-species biofilm...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVY1cP
Methionine oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in peptides and proteins: A theoretical and Raman spectroscopy study
In this study the oxidation of the methionine residue using the tripeptide GlyMetGly with respect to hydrogen peroxide has been studied using both Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Spectral modifications following the formation of methionine sulfoxide are shown with the appearance of the SO vibration whilst there is also the modification of the CS vibrations at approximately 700 cm−1. The changes in the intensity of the CS stretching band were used to calculate the kinetic rate constant as 7.9 ± 0.6 × 10−3 dm3 mol−1 s−1. The energy barrier for the reaction. is determined both experimentally and using DFT calculations. The reaction of the dairy protein beta-lactoglobulin with hydrogen peroxide is equally studied using the same technique. The solvent accessib...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2N95UjP
Early verbal categories and inflections in children who use speech-generating devices.
Authors: Savaldi-Harussi G, Soto G Abstract The use of early verbal categories, their event types, and the emergence of verbal inflections (-ing, -s, and -ed) were analyzed in data from four participants with motor speech disorders aged 9;5-13;9 (years;months) who used speech-generating devices to converse with a familiar adult. The study was conducted through a secondary analysis of a corpus of data collected as part of another study. It documents the production of verbs and the emergence of verb inflections in natural conversations between each of the participants and a member of their educational team over a period of up to 10 months. All participants used both action and state verbs, although action verbs were dominant. The emergence of the inflections -ing, -s, and -ed varied ...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CTScNa
Realisation of grammatical morphemes by children with phonological impairment.
Authors: Howland C, Baker E, Munro N, McLeod S Abstract The aim of this research was to explore how preschool-aged children with phonological impairment (PI) realise grammatical morphemes across different phonological contexts (i.e. singleton consonant, consonant cluster, syllable), conditions of finiteness and individual morpheme types. Factors accounting for children's realisation of grammatical morphemes were also examined. Eighty-seven Australian English-speaking preschoolers (aged 4-5 years) with PI completed the Children's Assessment of Morphophonology (CHAMP)-an elicited response task-in addition to standardised tests of speech and receptive language. The most challenging grammatical morphemes were finite morphemes (particularly past tense) and grammatical morphemes realise...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NflZEu
An acoustic study of lexical stress contrastivity in children with and without autism spectrum disorders.
Authors: Arciuli J, Bailey B Abstract In this exploratory study, we examined stress contrastivity within real word productions elicited via picture naming in 20 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 20 typical peers group-wise matched on age and vocabulary. Targets had a dominant pattern of lexical stress beginning with a strong-weak pattern (SW: 'caterpillar', 'butterfly') or a non-dominant pattern of lexical stress beginning with a weak-strong pattern (WS: 'tomato', 'potato'). Children produced each target twice (n = 320 productions). Acoustic measures were made for the duration, fundamental frequency, and intensity of the first two vowels for each word production. For vowel duration and fundamental frequency, children with ASD and typical peers produced a similar mag...
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CUA0TB
Addendum.
Authors: Ganz JB, Morin K PMID: 30207188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Augmentative and Alternative Communication)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NbwdpI
The Impact of Exposure With No Training: Implications for Future Partner Training Research.
Conclusions: If the results of this small study are in any way representative of what happens in real life, communication partner training in aphasia becomes even more important than indicated from the positive results of training studies. That is, it is possible that mere exposure to a communication disability such as aphasia could have negative impacts on communication and social interaction. This may be akin to what is known as a "nocebo" effect-something for partner training studies in aphasia to take into account. PMID: 30208393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CWylwM
A Potential Bias in Subjective Ratings of Mental Effort.
Conclusions: Participants likely substitute an easier question when asked to rate the multidimensional construct of mental effort. The results presented here suggest that perceived performance can serve as a ready heuristic and may explain the dissociation between subjective measures of listening effort and behavioral and physiological measures. PMID: 30208416 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NduRKX
Morphosyntax Production of Preschool Children With Hearing Loss: An Evaluation of the Extended Optional Infinitive and Surface Accounts.
Conclusions: Taken together, the findings of this study support a unified theoretical account of morphosyntax weakness in CHL in which both tense and duration of morphemes play a role in morphosyntax production accuracy, with a more robust role for tense than duration. PMID: 30208485 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVrseZ
A Phonetic Complexity-Based Approach For Intelligibility and Articulatory Precision Testing: A Preliminary Study on Talkers With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Conclusions: Considering phonetic complexity for dysarthria tests could result in more sensitive assessments for detecting and monitoring dysarthria progression. PMID: 30208408 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NftOtV
Reliability of Measures of N1 Peak Amplitude of the Compound Action Potential in Younger and Older Adults.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that measurements of AN activity can be robustly and reliably recorded in both younger and older adults using either peak-to-peak or baseline-corrected measurements of the N1 of the CAP. Peak-to-peak measurements yield larger N1 response amplitudes and are the default measurement type for many clinical systems, whereas baseline-corrected measurements are computationally simpler. Furthermore, the relationships between AN activity and stimulus- and participant-related variables were not affected by measurement technique, which suggests that these relationships can be compared across studies using different techniques for measuring the CAP N1. PMID: 30208403 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JS...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2CVq9g5
Information Content and Efficiency in the Spoken Discourse of Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.
Conclusions: Individuals with PD without dementia demonstrated reduced discourse informativeness that reflects disruptions to both conceptual and lexical discourse processes. In exploratory analyses, reduced efficiency of information content was associated with global cognition and motor severity. Clinical and research implications are discussed within a Cognitivist framework of discourse production (Sheratt, 2007). PMID: 30208482 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NdDViP
Variability in Interpreting "Educational Performance" for Children With Speech Sound Disorders.
Conclusion: There is significant variability across the United States with respect to factors considered part of educational performance for children with SSD. This variability reflects the general quality and specificity of guidelines and/or special education code published by individual states. Clinical and legislative recommendations are included. PMID: 30208479 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2D8hHuj
Diagnosing Middle Ear Pathology in 6- to 9-Month-Old Infants Using Wideband Absorbance: A Risk Prediction Model.
Conclusions: The risk prediction model had accurate discrimination and satisfactory calibration. Validation results indicate that it may generalize well to new infants. The model could potentially be used in diagnostic and screening settings. In the context of screening, probabilities provide an intuitive and flexible mechanism for setting the referral threshold that is sensitive to the costs associated with true and false-positive outcomes. In a diagnostic setting, predictions could be used to supplement visual inspection of absorbance for individualized diagnoses. Further research assessing the performance and impact of the model in these contexts is warranted. PMID: 30208481 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NdDS6D
Correction to: A Comparison of Measurements of a Pediatric Supplement
The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2x8Yl2m
Speed-Accuracy Trade-Offs and Adaptation Deficits in Aphasia: Finding the "Sweet Spot" Between Overly Cautious and Incautious Responding.
Conclusions: Maladaptive speed-accuracy trade-offs appear to be present in some PWA during lexical decision, leading to adaptation deficits in performance. These adaptation deficits are potentially treatable, and clinical implications and next steps for translational research are discussed. PMID: 30208413 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xojQMj
Acquisition and Generalization Responses in Aphasia Naming Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Semantic Feature Analysis Outcomes.
Conclusion: These results provide group-level evidence for the efficacy of SFA as well as preliminary estimates of how much naming performance benefit is engendered by varying dosages of SFA. The results also provide promising and previously unobserved evidence of potential person-level predictors of SFA treatment response. PMID: 30208415 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xaFfct
Read, Understand, Learn, & Excel (RULE): Development and Feasibility of a Reading Comprehension Measure for Postsecondary Learners.
Conclusion: RULE design and preliminary findings of concurrent validity and alternate form reliability provide "proof of concept" for an ecologically valid testing format that assesses comprehension skills appropriate for the postsecondary level. Suggestions for strengthening validity and reliability of the tool are provided, and clinical contributions of RULE are discussed. Supplemental Material: https://ift.tt/2x7008D. PMID: 30208488 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xhqK5B
Communicative Accessibility in Aphasia: An Investigation of the Interactional Context of Long-Term Care Facilities.
Conclusions: Findings highlighted several barriers in LTCFs that worked to discourage persons with aphasia from living social and expressive lives. Specific obstacles included a misunderstanding of aphasia and its influence on communicative exchanges and performance-oriented environment that overlooked psychosocial needs. Speech-language pathologists have an important role for advocacy in LTCFs. Clinical implications for assessment and treatment in institutions are discussed. PMID: 30208487 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xhovPR
Acquired Velopharyngeal Dysfunction: Survey, Literature Review, and Clinical Recommendations.
Conclusions: Clinical uncertainty among speech-language pathologists surveyed and the paucity of published clinical guidelines for assessing individuals with AVPD indicate the need for additional clinical research for this disorder, one that is heterogeneous and distinct from those with congenital velopharyngeal dysfunction. The proposed evidence-based clinical worksheet may assist in determining management for patients with AVPD and may serve as a starting place for validation of a clinical guideline. PMID: 30208483 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xbxjYp
Children's Consonant Acquisition in 27 Languages: A Cross-Linguistic Review.
Conclusions: Children across the world acquire consonants at a young age. Five-year-old children have acquired most consonants within their ambient language; however, individual variability should be considered. Supplemental Material: https://ift.tt/2oHkpg1. PMID: 30177993 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2M3CbmZ
Continuous Vocal Fry Simulated in Laboratory Subjects: A Preliminary Report on Voice Production and Listener Ratings.
Conclusions: Thirty minutes of simulated, continuous vocal fry worsened some voice measures when compared with a habitual voice quality. Samples of continuous vocal fry were rated as significantly less employable, less natural, and requiring greater listener concentration as compared with samples of habitual voice quality. Future studies should include habitual users of vocal fry to investigate speech stimulability and adaptation with cueing to further understand pathogenesis of vocal fry. PMID: 30178028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2M4IVAW
Correction to: A Comparison of Measurements of a Pediatric Supplement
The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2x8Yl2m
Speed-Accuracy Trade-Offs and Adaptation Deficits in Aphasia: Finding the "Sweet Spot" Between Overly Cautious and Incautious Responding.
Conclusions: Maladaptive speed-accuracy trade-offs appear to be present in some PWA during lexical decision, leading to adaptation deficits in performance. These adaptation deficits are potentially treatable, and clinical implications and next steps for translational research are discussed. PMID: 30208413 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xojQMj
Acquisition and Generalization Responses in Aphasia Naming Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Semantic Feature Analysis Outcomes.
Conclusion: These results provide group-level evidence for the efficacy of SFA as well as preliminary estimates of how much naming performance benefit is engendered by varying dosages of SFA. The results also provide promising and previously unobserved evidence of potential person-level predictors of SFA treatment response. PMID: 30208415 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xaFfct
Read, Understand, Learn, & Excel (RULE): Development and Feasibility of a Reading Comprehension Measure for Postsecondary Learners.
Conclusion: RULE design and preliminary findings of concurrent validity and alternate form reliability provide "proof of concept" for an ecologically valid testing format that assesses comprehension skills appropriate for the postsecondary level. Suggestions for strengthening validity and reliability of the tool are provided, and clinical contributions of RULE are discussed. Supplemental Material: https://ift.tt/2x7008D. PMID: 30208488 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xhqK5B
Communicative Accessibility in Aphasia: An Investigation of the Interactional Context of Long-Term Care Facilities.
Conclusions: Findings highlighted several barriers in LTCFs that worked to discourage persons with aphasia from living social and expressive lives. Specific obstacles included a misunderstanding of aphasia and its influence on communicative exchanges and performance-oriented environment that overlooked psychosocial needs. Speech-language pathologists have an important role for advocacy in LTCFs. Clinical implications for assessment and treatment in institutions are discussed. PMID: 30208487 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xhovPR
Acquired Velopharyngeal Dysfunction: Survey, Literature Review, and Clinical Recommendations.
Conclusions: Clinical uncertainty among speech-language pathologists surveyed and the paucity of published clinical guidelines for assessing individuals with AVPD indicate the need for additional clinical research for this disorder, one that is heterogeneous and distinct from those with congenital velopharyngeal dysfunction. The proposed evidence-based clinical worksheet may assist in determining management for patients with AVPD and may serve as a starting place for validation of a clinical guideline. PMID: 30208483 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xbxjYp
Children's Consonant Acquisition in 27 Languages: A Cross-Linguistic Review.
Conclusions: Children across the world acquire consonants at a young age. Five-year-old children have acquired most consonants within their ambient language; however, individual variability should be considered. Supplemental Material: https://ift.tt/2oHkpg1. PMID: 30177993 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2M3CbmZ
Continuous Vocal Fry Simulated in Laboratory Subjects: A Preliminary Report on Voice Production and Listener Ratings.
Conclusions: Thirty minutes of simulated, continuous vocal fry worsened some voice measures when compared with a habitual voice quality. Samples of continuous vocal fry were rated as significantly less employable, less natural, and requiring greater listener concentration as compared with samples of habitual voice quality. Future studies should include habitual users of vocal fry to investigate speech stimulability and adaptation with cueing to further understand pathogenesis of vocal fry. PMID: 30178028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2M4IVAW
Recombinant ferritin-H induces immunosuppression in European sea bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax) rather than immunostimulation and protection against a Vibrio anguillarum infection
In this study, we evaluated if the recombinant sea bass ferritin-H could stimulate the innate immune system of gnotobiotic European sea bass larvae resulting in protection against a V. anguillarum challenge. We also evaluated the effect of a V. anguillarum infection on the transcription of immune-related genes in gnotobiotic European sea bass larvae. Recombinant sea bass ferritin-H was produced, encapsulated in calcium alginate microparticles and orally delivered to sea bass larvae at seven days after hatching. Our results showed V. anguillarum caused an acute infection, resulting in high mortality. The infection significantly upregulated the expression of tlr3, tlr5, cas1, il1β, tnfα, mif, il10, cc1, cxcl8 at 18, 24 and 36 h post infection, but not of the chemokine receptor genes cxcr...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGTeAi
Overexpression of CD64 on CD14++CD16- and CD14++CD16+ monocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients correlates with disease activity.
In conclusions, these data demonstrated the expression of CD64 on CD14++CD16- and CD14++CD16+ monocytes are elevated and associated with the disease activity in RA. PMID: 30210612 [PubMed] (Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Oj3bAR
Recombinant ferritin-H induces immunosuppression in European sea bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax) rather than immunostimulation and protection against a Vibrio anguillarum infection
In this study, we evaluated if the recombinant sea bass ferritin-H could stimulate the innate immune system of gnotobiotic European sea bass larvae resulting in protection against a V. anguillarum challenge. We also evaluated the effect of a V. anguillarum infection on the transcription of immune-related genes in gnotobiotic European sea bass larvae. Recombinant sea bass ferritin-H was produced, encapsulated in calcium alginate microparticles and orally delivered to sea bass larvae at seven days after hatching. Our results showed V. anguillarum caused an acute infection, resulting in high mortality. The infection significantly upregulated the expression of tlr3, tlr5, cas1, il1β, tnfα, mif, il10, cc1, cxcl8 at 18, 24 and 36 h post infection, but not of the chemokine receptor genes cxcr...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGTeAi
Overexpression of CD64 on CD14++CD16- and CD14++CD16+ monocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients correlates with disease activity.
In conclusions, these data demonstrated the expression of CD64 on CD14++CD16- and CD14++CD16+ monocytes are elevated and associated with the disease activity in RA. PMID: 30210612 [PubMed] (Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Oj3bAR
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the temporal bone: Comparison of in situ, CT, and CBCT measurements
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): E. Guyader, J. Savéan, C. Clodic, P. Letellier, P. Meriot, R. Marianowski
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Computed Tomography (CT) reconstructions of human temporal bones compared with in situ measurements.
Material and methods
Experimental anatomical study of 10 human temporal bones. Wilcoxon's test was used to compare 8 distances on each temporal bone measured in situ and then on 3D CT and CBCT reconstructions. Six landmarks were used: external auditory canal (EAC), tip of the mastoid process, tip of the occiput, zygoma, a point situated 1 cm above the tip of the mastoid process (T0) (open technique: lower limit of the mastoidectomy), head of stapes.
Results
No significant difference was observed between the 3 measuring techniques for any of the distances studied (P > 0.05).
Discussion
This study demonstrates the equivalence of CBCT and CT for temporal bone measurements.
Conclusion
CBCT is a new imaging modality providing 3D reconstructions of the temporal bone that are as reliable as those obtained by CT. As a result of better spatial resolution compared to CT, CBCT is associated with a significantly lower radiation dose. This technique constitutes a morphological progress, as CBCT is comparable to CT, allowing investigation of pathological ears with a lower radiation dose.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ol62JB
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the temporal bone: Comparison of in situ, CT, and CBCT measurements
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): E. Guyader, J. Savéan, C. Clodic, P. Letellier, P. Meriot, R. Marianowski
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Computed Tomography (CT) reconstructions of human temporal bones compared with in situ measurements.
Material and methods
Experimental anatomical study of 10 human temporal bones. Wilcoxon's test was used to compare 8 distances on each temporal bone measured in situ and then on 3D CT and CBCT reconstructions. Six landmarks were used: external auditory canal (EAC), tip of the mastoid process, tip of the occiput, zygoma, a point situated 1 cm above the tip of the mastoid process (T0) (open technique: lower limit of the mastoidectomy), head of stapes.
Results
No significant difference was observed between the 3 measuring techniques for any of the distances studied (P > 0.05).
Discussion
This study demonstrates the equivalence of CBCT and CT for temporal bone measurements.
Conclusion
CBCT is a new imaging modality providing 3D reconstructions of the temporal bone that are as reliable as those obtained by CT. As a result of better spatial resolution compared to CT, CBCT is associated with a significantly lower radiation dose. This technique constitutes a morphological progress, as CBCT is comparable to CT, allowing investigation of pathological ears with a lower radiation dose.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ol62JB
European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2x98xrE
The 47th annual meeting of the Japanese society of neuroradiology
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MvizbN
European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2x98xrE
The 47th annual meeting of the Japanese society of neuroradiology
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MvizbN
Isolation and characterization of a Raf gene from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis in response to white spot syndrome virus infection
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Xupeng Li, Xianhong Meng, Sheng Luan, Kun Luo, Baoxiang Cao, Baolong Chen, Jie KongAbstractRaf is a member in the Ras/Raf/MAPKK/MAPK signaling transduction pathway. To obtain a better understanding of Raf in the interaction between the Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the sequence of cDNA of Raf from F. chinensis (FcRaf) was obtained. The FcRaf gene contained a 2421 bp open reading frame (ORF). The FcRaf shared most characteristic of Raf protein, such as the Raf-like Ras-binding domain (RBD), phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain), and catalytic domain of the serine/threonine kinases, Raf (STKc_Raf). The sequence of functional doma...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MpwqAh
Distinct β-glucan molecules modulates differently the circulating cortisol levels and innate immune responses in matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus)
This study investigated the effects of two β-glucan molecules with different purities and isolated by different biotechnological processes on the immune response of matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus) prior and after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. In this sense, we evaluated serum cortisol and plasma glucose levels, the number of leukocytes (lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes), as well as the respiratory activity of leukocytes prior to, 6 and 24 h post infection (hpi). During 15 days, fish were fed with diets containing 0.1% of two β-glucans (β-G 1 and β-G 2, with 71 and 62% of purity, respectively) and then submitted to challenge. Results were compared with a positive control group fed with a β-glucan-free diet. A negative control group, also fed with β-glucan-free diet but in...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NJCGaE
Effect of partial dietary replacement of fishmeal by yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae meal on the innate immune response and intestinal antioxidant enzymes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): M.A. Henry, F. Gai, P. Enes, A. Peréz-Jiménez, L. GascoAbstractThe present study investigated the effects of 25 and 50% dietary inclusion of yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor (TM), larvae on the intestinal antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and immune system of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were fed for 90 days with a control diet (TM0) or with 2 test diets (TM25 and TM50) where 35 and 67% of the fishmeal was replaced by TM larvae meal respectively. At the end of the growth trial, humoral immune parameters were assessed in the sera of the fish and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured in intestine homogenates. The present results show a strong increase of the ac...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MpvN9T
Ark shell Scapharca broughtonii hemocyte response against Vibrio anguillarum challenge
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Liqing Zhou, Dan Zhao, Biao Wu, Xiujun Sun, Zhihong Liu, Feng Zhao, Zhenming Lv, Aiguo Yang, Qing Zhao, Gaowei Zhang, Chunyan MaAbstractScapharca broughtonii is one of the most important Arcidae aquaculture species in the Asia-Pacific region. We aimed to investigate the immune responses of hemocytes from ark shell S. broughtonii hemolymph against pathogens. Hemocyte ultrastructure and immunological activity in response to Vibrio anguillarum challenge were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Before ultrastructure observation, we used the API ZYM semi-quantitative kit to evaluate the levels of hydrolytic enzymes in the plasma and hemocytes following V. anguillarum infectio...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NHpSla
Transcriptome analysis of the critically endangered Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) head kidney response to Aeromonas hydrophila
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Kai Luo, Jun Di, Panpan Han, Shuhuan Zhang, Lihai Xia, Guangming Tian, Wenbing Zhang, Dan Dun, Qiaoqing Xu, Qiwei WeiAbstractDabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus), as a living fossil, is considered a critically endangered aquatic animal in China. To date, the immune system of this species remains largely unknown, with limited available sequence information. In addition, increasing incidence of bacterial pathogenic diseases has been reported. Hence, the present study aimed to characterize comprehensively transcriptome profile of the head kidney from Dabry's sturgeon infected with Aeromonas hydrophila using Illumina platform. Over 42 million high-quality reads were obtained and de novo assemble...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MpuEiB
One-step CRISPR/Cas9 method for the rapid generation of human antibody heavy chain knock-in mice
Here, we describe a one-step, in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease-mediated strategy to generate knock-in mice. We produced knock-in (KI) mice wherein a 1.9-kb DNA fragment bearing a pre-arranged human B-cell receptor heavy chain was recombined into the native murine immunoglobulin locus. Our methodology relies on Cas9 nuclease-induced double-stranded breaks directed by two sgRNAs to occur within the specific target locus of fertilized oocytes. These double-stranded breaks are subsequently repaired via homology-directed repair by a plasmid-borne template containing the pre-arranged human immunoglobulin heavy chain. To validate our knock-in mouse model, we examined the expression of the KI immunoglobulin heavy chains by following B-cell development and performing single B-cell receptor sequenc...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NHpnYk
Zika virus elicits inflammation to evade antiviral response by cleaving cGAS via NS1-caspase-1 axis
Viral infection triggers host innate immune responses, which primarily include the activation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling and inflammasomes. Here, we report that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which is further enhanced by viral non-structural protein NS1 to benefit its replication. NS1 recruits the host deubiquitinase USP8 to cleave K11-linked poly-ubiquitin chains from caspase-1 at Lys134, thus inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of caspase-1. The enhanced stabilization of caspase-1 by NS1 promotes the cleavage of cGAS, which recognizes mitochondrial DNA release and initiates type I IFN signaling during ZIKV infection. NLRP3 deficiency increases type I IFN production and strengthens host resistance to ZIKVin vitro and in vivo. Tak...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MuGxDR
Interleukin-37 treatment of mice with metabolic syndrome improves insulin sensitivity and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production in adipose tissue [Immunology]
Obesity and the metabolic syndrome are characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation mainly originating from expanding adipose tissue and resulting in inhibition of insulin signaling and disruption of glycemic control. Transgenic mice expressing human interleukin 37 (IL-37), an anti-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family, are protected against metabolic syndrome when fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 45% fat. Here, we examined whether treatment with recombinant IL-37 ameliorates established insulin resistance and obesity-induced inflammation. WT mice were fed a HFD for 22 weeks and then treated daily with IL-37 (1 μg/mouse) during the last 2 weeks. Compared with vehicle only–treated mice, IL-37–treated mice exhibited reduced insulin in the plasma and had significant improvemen...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGFd5E
Isolation and characterization of a Raf gene from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis in response to white spot syndrome virus infection
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Xupeng Li, Xianhong Meng, Sheng Luan, Kun Luo, Baoxiang Cao, Baolong Chen, Jie KongAbstractRaf is a member in the Ras/Raf/MAPKK/MAPK signaling transduction pathway. To obtain a better understanding of Raf in the interaction between the Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the sequence of cDNA of Raf from F. chinensis (FcRaf) was obtained. The FcRaf gene contained a 2421 bp open reading frame (ORF). The FcRaf shared most characteristic of Raf protein, such as the Raf-like Ras-binding domain (RBD), phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain), and catalytic domain of the serine/threonine kinases, Raf (STKc_Raf). The sequence of functional doma...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MpwqAh
Distinct β-glucan molecules modulates differently the circulating cortisol levels and innate immune responses in matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus)
This study investigated the effects of two β-glucan molecules with different purities and isolated by different biotechnological processes on the immune response of matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus) prior and after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. In this sense, we evaluated serum cortisol and plasma glucose levels, the number of leukocytes (lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes), as well as the respiratory activity of leukocytes prior to, 6 and 24 h post infection (hpi). During 15 days, fish were fed with diets containing 0.1% of two β-glucans (β-G 1 and β-G 2, with 71 and 62% of purity, respectively) and then submitted to challenge. Results were compared with a positive control group fed with a β-glucan-free diet. A negative control group, also fed with β-glucan-free diet but in...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NJCGaE
Effect of partial dietary replacement of fishmeal by yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae meal on the innate immune response and intestinal antioxidant enzymes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): M.A. Henry, F. Gai, P. Enes, A. Peréz-Jiménez, L. GascoAbstractThe present study investigated the effects of 25 and 50% dietary inclusion of yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor (TM), larvae on the intestinal antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and immune system of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were fed for 90 days with a control diet (TM0) or with 2 test diets (TM25 and TM50) where 35 and 67% of the fishmeal was replaced by TM larvae meal respectively. At the end of the growth trial, humoral immune parameters were assessed in the sera of the fish and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured in intestine homogenates. The present results show a strong increase of the ac...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MpvN9T
Ark shell Scapharca broughtonii hemocyte response against Vibrio anguillarum challenge
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Liqing Zhou, Dan Zhao, Biao Wu, Xiujun Sun, Zhihong Liu, Feng Zhao, Zhenming Lv, Aiguo Yang, Qing Zhao, Gaowei Zhang, Chunyan MaAbstractScapharca broughtonii is one of the most important Arcidae aquaculture species in the Asia-Pacific region. We aimed to investigate the immune responses of hemocytes from ark shell S. broughtonii hemolymph against pathogens. Hemocyte ultrastructure and immunological activity in response to Vibrio anguillarum challenge were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Before ultrastructure observation, we used the API ZYM semi-quantitative kit to evaluate the levels of hydrolytic enzymes in the plasma and hemocytes following V. anguillarum infectio...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NHpSla
Transcriptome analysis of the critically endangered Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) head kidney response to Aeromonas hydrophila
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2018Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Kai Luo, Jun Di, Panpan Han, Shuhuan Zhang, Lihai Xia, Guangming Tian, Wenbing Zhang, Dan Dun, Qiaoqing Xu, Qiwei WeiAbstractDabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus), as a living fossil, is considered a critically endangered aquatic animal in China. To date, the immune system of this species remains largely unknown, with limited available sequence information. In addition, increasing incidence of bacterial pathogenic diseases has been reported. Hence, the present study aimed to characterize comprehensively transcriptome profile of the head kidney from Dabry's sturgeon infected with Aeromonas hydrophila using Illumina platform. Over 42 million high-quality reads were obtained and de novo assemble...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MpuEiB
One-step CRISPR/Cas9 method for the rapid generation of human antibody heavy chain knock-in mice
Here, we describe a one-step, in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease-mediated strategy to generate knock-in mice. We produced knock-in (KI) mice wherein a 1.9-kb DNA fragment bearing a pre-arranged human B-cell receptor heavy chain was recombined into the native murine immunoglobulin locus. Our methodology relies on Cas9 nuclease-induced double-stranded breaks directed by two sgRNAs to occur within the specific target locus of fertilized oocytes. These double-stranded breaks are subsequently repaired via homology-directed repair by a plasmid-borne template containing the pre-arranged human immunoglobulin heavy chain. To validate our knock-in mouse model, we examined the expression of the KI immunoglobulin heavy chains by following B-cell development and performing single B-cell receptor sequenc...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NHpnYk
Zika virus elicits inflammation to evade antiviral response by cleaving cGAS via NS1-caspase-1 axis
Viral infection triggers host innate immune responses, which primarily include the activation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling and inflammasomes. Here, we report that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which is further enhanced by viral non-structural protein NS1 to benefit its replication. NS1 recruits the host deubiquitinase USP8 to cleave K11-linked poly-ubiquitin chains from caspase-1 at Lys134, thus inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of caspase-1. The enhanced stabilization of caspase-1 by NS1 promotes the cleavage of cGAS, which recognizes mitochondrial DNA release and initiates type I IFN signaling during ZIKV infection. NLRP3 deficiency increases type I IFN production and strengthens host resistance to ZIKVin vitro and in vivo. Tak...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2MuGxDR
Interleukin-37 treatment of mice with metabolic syndrome improves insulin sensitivity and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production in adipose tissue [Immunology]
Obesity and the metabolic syndrome are characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation mainly originating from expanding adipose tissue and resulting in inhibition of insulin signaling and disruption of glycemic control. Transgenic mice expressing human interleukin 37 (IL-37), an anti-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family, are protected against metabolic syndrome when fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 45% fat. Here, we examined whether treatment with recombinant IL-37 ameliorates established insulin resistance and obesity-induced inflammation. WT mice were fed a HFD for 22 weeks and then treated daily with IL-37 (1 μg/mouse) during the last 2 weeks. Compared with vehicle only–treated mice, IL-37–treated mice exhibited reduced insulin in the plasma and had significant improvemen...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NGFd5E
Outcomes and Swallowing Evaluations after Injection Laryngoplasty for Type I Laryngeal Cleft: Does Age Matter?
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Elisabeth Cole, Alexandra Dreyzin, Amber D. Shaffer, Allison B.J. Tobey, David H. Chi, Tony Tarchichi
Abstract
Objectives
To improve the recognition of differences in presentation amongst patients with type 1 laryngeal clefts of various ages and better understand the age dependent outcomes of injection laryngoplasty. A second aim was to analyze the discrepancies between swallow assessment modalities in various age groups with type I laryngeal clefts undergoing injection laryngoplasty.
Methods
A retrospective review of electronic medical records of patients who underwent injection laryngoplasty from 2009 through 2015 at a tertiary care children's hospital. Data extracted included: Demographics, histories and physical exam findings, diagnostic studies, and medical and surgical treatments.
Results
Most (72/102, 70.6%) patients were male with a median gestational age at birth of 37 weeks (range 24–41 weeks). Formula thickening and GERD medications were used in 94/102 (92.2%) and 97/102 (95.1%) patients, respectively. Comorbid GERD, laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia, and subglottic stenosis were present in 98/102 (96.1%), 40/102 (39.2%), 9/102 (8.8%), and 14/102 (13.7%) patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in demographics, comorbidities or medical therapy between age groups. Symptoms at presentation differed between age groups with stridor (χ2(1) =11.6, p=0.002) and cyanosis (χ2(1) =8.13, p=0.012) being more common in the 0–3-month group compared to the 12-36 month group. Symptom resolution and the odds of undergoing additional surgery (second injection or suture repair) over time, however, did not differ. There was a significant reduction in aspiration with thins during FEES (McNemar χ2(1) =10.7, p=0.002) and aspiration with nectar during MBS (McNemar χ2(1) =5.26, p=0.035) post-injection. After injection, there was significant agreement in aspiration with thins between FEES and MBS (kappa=0.308 ± SE 0.170, p=0.035). However, finding aspiration with thins was more common during MBS than during FEES (McNemar χ2(1) =7.00, p=0.016). There were no differences in swallow evaluation findings between the age groups.
Conclusions
Symptoms of type I laryngeal clefts may differ by age. However, there was no impact of age on the safety and efficacy of surgical intervention.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NcVcZK