Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in CRC. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRC tissue samples compared with control samples in mRNA and miRNA datasets were screened. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs was carried out. Targets of the DEMs were identified. Overlaps between the DEGs and targets of DEMs were selected. The miRNA–mRNA regulatory network of these overlaps was constructed and visualized. The candidate genes selected were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. DEGs were identified and considered DEGs-1 and DEGs-2. A total of 584 genes in DEGs-1 and 527 genes in DEGs-2 were obtained, including 465 overlaps, and 44 DEMs were identified. The overlaps were enriched in 46 Gene Ontology terms and 19 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Moreover, 137 overlapped genes between targets of the DEMs and the 465 overlaps were obtained. The miRNA–mRNA regulating network of the 137 overlapped genes was constructed. Extracellular matrix-related proteins and pathways might play critical roles in the development of CRC. The quantitative real-time PCR results of the candidates were in agreement with the bioinformatics analysis. miR-128, miR-182, and miR-143 might be key miRNAs regulating cell proliferation and metastasis of CRC. Correspondence to Xipeng Zhang, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, People's Republic of China Tel: +86 022 2755 7424; e-mail: zxpsummer@163.com Received August 28, 2018 Accepted December 17, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Κυριακή 30 Δεκεμβρίου 2018
Construction of an miRNA–mRNA regulatory network in colorectal cancer with bioinformatics methods
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in CRC. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRC tissue samples compared with control samples in mRNA and miRNA datasets were screened. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs was carried out. Targets of the DEMs were identified. Overlaps between the DEGs and targets of DEMs were selected. The miRNA–mRNA regulatory network of these overlaps was constructed and visualized. The candidate genes selected were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. DEGs were identified and considered DEGs-1 and DEGs-2. A total of 584 genes in DEGs-1 and 527 genes in DEGs-2 were obtained, including 465 overlaps, and 44 DEMs were identified. The overlaps were enriched in 46 Gene Ontology terms and 19 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Moreover, 137 overlapped genes between targets of the DEMs and the 465 overlaps were obtained. The miRNA–mRNA regulating network of the 137 overlapped genes was constructed. Extracellular matrix-related proteins and pathways might play critical roles in the development of CRC. The quantitative real-time PCR results of the candidates were in agreement with the bioinformatics analysis. miR-128, miR-182, and miR-143 might be key miRNAs regulating cell proliferation and metastasis of CRC. Correspondence to Xipeng Zhang, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, People's Republic of China Tel: +86 022 2755 7424; e-mail: zxpsummer@163.com Received August 28, 2018 Accepted December 17, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Multiple bioabsorbable corticosteroid‐eluting stent placement with associated skull base injury
Bioabsorbable corticosteroid‐eluting sinus stents (BCES) are used to optimize healing after sinus surgery. We report a patient with BCES placed through a dural defect. A 70 year old underwent sinus surgery. Postoperatively, the patient developed mental status changes. The patient was taken to the operating room and eight BCES were identified, with one extending through the skull base. The stents were extracted and the defect was repaired. The patient recovered well. This is the first significant complication associated with BCES. Thorough review of preoperative imaging, understanding of skull base anatomy, and careful use of BCES are critical for safety.
Level of Evidence
NA. Laryngoscope, 2018
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Multiple bioabsorbable corticosteroid‐eluting stent placement with associated skull base injury
Bioabsorbable corticosteroid‐eluting sinus stents (BCES) are used to optimize healing after sinus surgery. We report a patient with BCES placed through a dural defect. A 70 year old underwent sinus surgery. Postoperatively, the patient developed mental status changes. The patient was taken to the operating room and eight BCES were identified, with one extending through the skull base. The stents were extracted and the defect was repaired. The patient recovered well. This is the first significant complication associated with BCES. Thorough review of preoperative imaging, understanding of skull base anatomy, and careful use of BCES are critical for safety.
Level of Evidence
NA. Laryngoscope, 2018
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Enhanced central neural gain compensates acoustic trauma-induced cochlear impairment, but unlikely correlates with tinnitus and hyperacusis
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018Source: NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Dorit Möhrle, Benedikt Hofmeier, Mario Amend, Stephan Wolpert, Kun Ni, Dan Bing, Uwe Klose, Bernd Pichler, Marlies Knipper, Lukas RüttigerAbstractFor successful future therapeutic strategies for tinnitus and hyperacusis, a subcategorization of both conditions on the basis of differentiated neural correlates would be of invaluable advantage. In the present study, we used our refined operant conditioning animal model to divide equally noise-exposed rats into groups with either tinnitus or hyperacusis, with neither condition, or with both conditions co-occurring simultaneously. Using click stimulus and noise burst-evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions, no hearin...
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Increasing the autonomy of deafblind individuals through direct access to content broadcasted on digital terrestrial television.
Authors: García-Crespo A, Montes-Chunga M, Matheus-Chacin CA, Garcia-Encabo I Abstract Digital terrestrial television currently incorporates accessibility elements for the deaf (closed captions, CCs) and for the blind (audio description and audio navigation), however the deafblind population has particular accessibility needs that to date have not been met. This work presents a technical aid (a mobile application called GoAll) developed to increase the autonomy of deafblind individuals, allowing direct access to content broadcast on digital TV through the reading of CCs either with a mobile device or a Braille display. The information in this study is based on the data generated by the application server during the 5 months it was in operation in Spain as well as data from a usab...
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Enhanced central neural gain compensates acoustic trauma-induced cochlear impairment, but unlikely correlates with tinnitus and hyperacusis
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018Source: NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Dorit Möhrle, Benedikt Hofmeier, Mario Amend, Stephan Wolpert, Kun Ni, Dan Bing, Uwe Klose, Bernd Pichler, Marlies Knipper, Lukas RüttigerAbstractFor successful future therapeutic strategies for tinnitus and hyperacusis, a subcategorization of both conditions on the basis of differentiated neural correlates would be of invaluable advantage. In the present study, we used our refined operant conditioning animal model to divide equally noise-exposed rats into groups with either tinnitus or hyperacusis, with neither condition, or with both conditions co-occurring simultaneously. Using click stimulus and noise burst-evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions, no hearin...
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Increasing the autonomy of deafblind individuals through direct access to content broadcasted on digital terrestrial television.
Authors: García-Crespo A, Montes-Chunga M, Matheus-Chacin CA, Garcia-Encabo I Abstract Digital terrestrial television currently incorporates accessibility elements for the deaf (closed captions, CCs) and for the blind (audio description and audio navigation), however the deafblind population has particular accessibility needs that to date have not been met. This work presents a technical aid (a mobile application called GoAll) developed to increase the autonomy of deafblind individuals, allowing direct access to content broadcast on digital TV through the reading of CCs either with a mobile device or a Braille display. The information in this study is based on the data generated by the application server during the 5 months it was in operation in Spain as well as data from a usab...
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Establishment of a Gentamicin Cochlear Poisoning Model in Guinea Pigs and Cochlear Nerve Endings Recognition of Ultrasound Signals.
CONCLUSIONS Gentamicin poisoning can cause different degrees of damage to cochlea hair cells in different regions. Guinea pigs with gentamicin poisoning can recognize high-frequency ultrasonic signals. PMID: 30592260 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
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Establishment of a Gentamicin Cochlear Poisoning Model in Guinea Pigs and Cochlear Nerve Endings Recognition of Ultrasound Signals.
CONCLUSIONS Gentamicin poisoning can cause different degrees of damage to cochlea hair cells in different regions. Guinea pigs with gentamicin poisoning can recognize high-frequency ultrasonic signals. PMID: 30592260 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
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Simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint and secondary mandibular deformities in children
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Yuxin Ma, Yuanjin Huang, Songsong Zhu, Yunfeng Li
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the use of simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of children with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and secondary mandibular deformities. Between January 2012 and December 2016, 17 children (7 boys and 10 girls, mean (range) age 7 (4–12) years) were treated. Preoperatively, the mean (range) maximal incisal opening was 1.4 (0–5) mm. Distraction osteogenesis was used to elongate the mandibular body or ramus, or both, after the release of ankylosis. Distraction began after five to seven days at a rate of 0.5 mm twice daily, and the distractor was removed three to five months after the completion of distraction. The mean (range) follow-up time after removal was 29.6 (16–45) months, and the distance of distraction was 14.4 (10–18) mm. After treatment, all patients had satisfactory outcomes, a good facial profile, alignment of the midline lower incisor, and a level occlusal plane. The mean (range) maximum incisal opening reached 35.7 (31–41) mm. Bone formation across the distraction gap was good. The mean minimum axial area of the airway increased from 61.4 mm to 96.4 mm (p < 0.01). No patients had a recurrence of ankylosis during follow up. Our results suggest that simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis is feasible in this group.
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Huge ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with metastases treated in several different ways
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): S. Kikuta, Y. Furukawa, K. Hino, M. Nakamura, J. Kusukawa
Abstract
Ameloblastic carcinoma is an extremely rare, aggressive, malignant tumour that is most common in the mandible. Because of its rarity there is no general approach to treatment. We present a rare case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with multiple metastases in a 63-year-old Japanese man that was treated in several different ways, including chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Modified tie-over technique for lingual sulcoplasty (vestibuloplasty)
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): G. Markose, R.M. Graham, R.T.M. Woodwards, H. Nasry, E.F. Thomson
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Simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint and secondary mandibular deformities in children
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Yuxin Ma, Yuanjin Huang, Songsong Zhu, Yunfeng Li
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the use of simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of children with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and secondary mandibular deformities. Between January 2012 and December 2016, 17 children (7 boys and 10 girls, mean (range) age 7 (4–12) years) were treated. Preoperatively, the mean (range) maximal incisal opening was 1.4 (0–5) mm. Distraction osteogenesis was used to elongate the mandibular body or ramus, or both, after the release of ankylosis. Distraction began after five to seven days at a rate of 0.5 mm twice daily, and the distractor was removed three to five months after the completion of distraction. The mean (range) follow-up time after removal was 29.6 (16–45) months, and the distance of distraction was 14.4 (10–18) mm. After treatment, all patients had satisfactory outcomes, a good facial profile, alignment of the midline lower incisor, and a level occlusal plane. The mean (range) maximum incisal opening reached 35.7 (31–41) mm. Bone formation across the distraction gap was good. The mean minimum axial area of the airway increased from 61.4 mm to 96.4 mm (p < 0.01). No patients had a recurrence of ankylosis during follow up. Our results suggest that simultaneous arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis is feasible in this group.
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Huge ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with metastases treated in several different ways
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): S. Kikuta, Y. Furukawa, K. Hino, M. Nakamura, J. Kusukawa
Abstract
Ameloblastic carcinoma is an extremely rare, aggressive, malignant tumour that is most common in the mandible. Because of its rarity there is no general approach to treatment. We present a rare case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with multiple metastases in a 63-year-old Japanese man that was treated in several different ways, including chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Modified tie-over technique for lingual sulcoplasty (vestibuloplasty)
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): G. Markose, R.M. Graham, R.T.M. Woodwards, H. Nasry, E.F. Thomson
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Diffusion kurtosis imaging of endometrial carcinoma: Correlation with histopathological findings
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Ichiro Yamada, Junichiro Sakamoto, Daisuke Kobayashi, Naoyuki Miyasaka, Kimio Wakana, Noriko Oshima, Akira Wakabayashi, Yukihisa Saida, Ukihide Tateishi, Yoshinobu Eishi
Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to determine the usefulness of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as a noninvasive method for the evaluation of tumor invasion depth, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EMC).
Materials and methods
Our institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived informed consent. In total, 24 patients suspected of having EMC were examined by a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging. DKI data were obtained using a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence with four b values (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 s/mm2). Kurtosis (K), diffusivity (D), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were generated and compared with histopathological findings.
Results
K maps from all patients identified the junctional zone as a distinct high-K zone (1.443 ± 0.362). This zone was significantly different from the zone of endometrium and outer myometrium (0.678 ± 0.179 and 0.694 ± 0.113, respectively; P < 0.001). K and D values of all EMCs were significantly different from those of all normal uterine wall layers. K and D values were significantly correlated with histological grades of endometrioid adenocarcinomas (r = 0.799, P < 0.001 and r = −0.799, P < 0.001, respectively), while ADC values were not (r = −0.243, P = 0.382). Metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes showed significantly different K (P = 0.001) and D (P = 0.001) values, but not ADC values (P = 0.827).
Conclusions
DKI may be clinically useful for the noninvasive evaluation of depth of tumor invasion, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in patients with EMC.
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Diffusion kurtosis imaging of endometrial carcinoma: Correlation with histopathological findings
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Ichiro Yamada, Junichiro Sakamoto, Daisuke Kobayashi, Naoyuki Miyasaka, Kimio Wakana, Noriko Oshima, Akira Wakabayashi, Yukihisa Saida, Ukihide Tateishi, Yoshinobu Eishi
Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to determine the usefulness of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as a noninvasive method for the evaluation of tumor invasion depth, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EMC).
Materials and methods
Our institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived informed consent. In total, 24 patients suspected of having EMC were examined by a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging. DKI data were obtained using a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence with four b values (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 s/mm2). Kurtosis (K), diffusivity (D), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were generated and compared with histopathological findings.
Results
K maps from all patients identified the junctional zone as a distinct high-K zone (1.443 ± 0.362). This zone was significantly different from the zone of endometrium and outer myometrium (0.678 ± 0.179 and 0.694 ± 0.113, respectively; P < 0.001). K and D values of all EMCs were significantly different from those of all normal uterine wall layers. K and D values were significantly correlated with histological grades of endometrioid adenocarcinomas (r = 0.799, P < 0.001 and r = −0.799, P < 0.001, respectively), while ADC values were not (r = −0.243, P = 0.382). Metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes showed significantly different K (P = 0.001) and D (P = 0.001) values, but not ADC values (P = 0.827).
Conclusions
DKI may be clinically useful for the noninvasive evaluation of depth of tumor invasion, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in patients with EMC.
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Intestinal Microbiota on Allergy, Growth and Development
Condition: Pregnancy Intervention: Sponsor: Chinese University of Hong Kong Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Condition: Drug Allergy Intervention: Sponsor: University Hospital, Montpellier Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Dose, Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of an HIV-1 Vaccine, VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP, With Alum in Healthy Adults < TAB >
Condition: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Intervention: Biological: VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Prevalence and Incidence of Lassa Virus Infection in Southern Mali
Condition: Lassa Virus Infection Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tocilizumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis; Tocilizumab Intervention: Drug: Tocilizumab Sponsors: Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Identification of Allergic Asthmatics Reactive to Felis Catus (Cat Hair) Allergen Inhalation
Condition: Asthma Atopic Intervention: Biological: Felis Catus Sponsors: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Intestinal Microbiota on Allergy, Growth and Development
Condition: Pregnancy Intervention: Sponsor: Chinese University of Hong Kong Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Condition: Drug Allergy Intervention: Sponsor: University Hospital, Montpellier Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Dose, Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of an HIV-1 Vaccine, VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP, With Alum in Healthy Adults < TAB >
Condition: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Intervention: Biological: VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Prevalence and Incidence of Lassa Virus Infection in Southern Mali
Condition: Lassa Virus Infection Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tocilizumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis; Tocilizumab Intervention: Drug: Tocilizumab Sponsors: Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Identification of Allergic Asthmatics Reactive to Felis Catus (Cat Hair) Allergen Inhalation
Condition: Asthma Atopic Intervention: Biological: Felis Catus Sponsors: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Petra Zimmermann, Nicole Messina, William W. Mohn, B. Brett Finlay, Nigel Curtis
The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma. Reduced bacterial diversity can be associated with the development of allergic disease. The association between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic disease or asthma is less consistent in older children than in neonates, suggesting that early-life microbial exposure plays a more important role. Inconsistencies in the results reported from different studies might partly be explained by heterogeneity in design, study populations, diagnostic criteria, microbiota analysis methods, and reporting on different taxonomic levels. Larger studies that better account for antenatal and postnatal factors will further help determine specific microbial intestinal signatures associated with increased risk of allergy and asthma. This will enable the early identification of infants at high risk and facilitate novel strategies and interventions to prevent and treat these conditions, including modifying the intestinal microbiota early in life.
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Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: A systematic review
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Petra Zimmermann, Nicole Messina, William W. Mohn, B. Brett Finlay, Nigel Curtis
The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in development of the immune system and regulation of immune responses. This review summarizes the association between the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma in neonates and children. Overall, a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae and a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae is associated with the development of allergic sensitization, eczema, or asthma. Reduced bacterial diversity can be associated with the development of allergic disease. The association between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the development of allergic disease or asthma is less consistent in older children than in neonates, suggesting that early-life microbial exposure plays a more important role. Inconsistencies in the results reported from different studies might partly be explained by heterogeneity in design, study populations, diagnostic criteria, microbiota analysis methods, and reporting on different taxonomic levels. Larger studies that better account for antenatal and postnatal factors will further help determine specific microbial intestinal signatures associated with increased risk of allergy and asthma. This will enable the early identification of infants at high risk and facilitate novel strategies and interventions to prevent and treat these conditions, including modifying the intestinal microbiota early in life.
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Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Artesunate, Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus in the Sciatic Nerve Regeneration
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Tugcenur Uzun, Orcun Toptas, Aslihan Saylan, Hande Carver, Sule Aydın Turkoglu
Abstract
Objective
To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effect of topical tacrolimus and of dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.
Materials and method
A total of 32 Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into six groups: sham, saline (sal), petrolatum (pet), artesunate (art), tacrolimus (tac), and dexamethasone (dex). A compression injury was generated in the right sciatic nerve in all groups except for the sham group. In the sham group, the nerve was only dissected but compression was not applied. In the groups in which compression was applied, the agents were absorbed via resorbable gelatin sponges applied to the injured region. At the end of 4 weeks, walking analysis, electromyographic measurements and histopathological examinations were conducted.
Findings
When the sciatic function index and electrophysiological measurements were evaluated, artesunate, tacrolimus and dexamethasone had positive effects on nerve regeneration of (p< .05); there were no significant differences between these three agents(p> .05). Upon histopathologic examination, we found that artesunate decreased fibrosis scores and inflammation and increased the diameter of myelinated axons; tacrolimus decreased fibroblast scores and dexamethasone only decreased fibrosis scores (p< .05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that artesunate and dexamethasone gave more positive immunoreactivity to NGF (nerve growth factor) than did the saline group (p< .05).
Conclusion
Topical artesunate treatment had a positive effect on peripheral nerve regeneration. There were no significant differences between the topical forms of dexamethasone and tacrolimus on peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Postoperative Physiotherapy After Open Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Three-Step Program
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Nikolas KG. De Meurechy, Pieter-Jan Loos, Maurice Y. Mommaerts
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Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Scheuermann Maria, Vanreusel Inne, Elke Van de Casteele, Nadjmi Nasser
Abstract
Background
There is a wide range of surgical techniques for the treatment of palatal clefts. Some of these surgical procedures result in postoperative osteogenesis at the palatal fissure. The aim of this review was to discuss the current approach of cleft palate surgery leading to spontaneous bone regeneration and to compare these different procedures. Moreover, the causes of bone regeneration, effects on maxillary growth and factors affecting bone regeneration on the hard palate are discussed.
Methods
The selected articles were found on Medline and Web of Science. The keywords for the search were "cleft palate", "bone regeneration", "palatoplasty", "reconstructive surgical procedures" and "cleft palate/surgery". Studies that examined the effect of primary palatoplasty on spontaneous bone regeneration in the hard palate in children were included in this review. Four articles were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis.
Results
Due to differences in patient characteristics and evaluation methods, it has been difficult to compare different surgical procedures. The use of a mucoperiosteal flap in combination with adequate closure of the mucosa is needed to obtain bone formation. The area with the largest amount of regenerated bone was located in the middle of the hard palate. In literature it was found that complete closure is considered unfavorable because of the negative effects on maxillary growth, but more studies are needed to confirm this. Of the factors that have been studied, only age turned out to be borderline significant.
Conclusion
Only a few studies with small sample size have been published on bone regeneration in the hard palate. More research is needed to validate these findings.
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Evaluation and Comparison of the Effects of Artesunate, Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus in the Sciatic Nerve Regeneration
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Tugcenur Uzun, Orcun Toptas, Aslihan Saylan, Hande Carver, Sule Aydın Turkoglu
Abstract
Objective
To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effect of topical tacrolimus and of dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.
Materials and method
A total of 32 Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into six groups: sham, saline (sal), petrolatum (pet), artesunate (art), tacrolimus (tac), and dexamethasone (dex). A compression injury was generated in the right sciatic nerve in all groups except for the sham group. In the sham group, the nerve was only dissected but compression was not applied. In the groups in which compression was applied, the agents were absorbed via resorbable gelatin sponges applied to the injured region. At the end of 4 weeks, walking analysis, electromyographic measurements and histopathological examinations were conducted.
Findings
When the sciatic function index and electrophysiological measurements were evaluated, artesunate, tacrolimus and dexamethasone had positive effects on nerve regeneration of (p< .05); there were no significant differences between these three agents(p> .05). Upon histopathologic examination, we found that artesunate decreased fibrosis scores and inflammation and increased the diameter of myelinated axons; tacrolimus decreased fibroblast scores and dexamethasone only decreased fibrosis scores (p< .05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that artesunate and dexamethasone gave more positive immunoreactivity to NGF (nerve growth factor) than did the saline group (p< .05).
Conclusion
Topical artesunate treatment had a positive effect on peripheral nerve regeneration. There were no significant differences between the topical forms of dexamethasone and tacrolimus on peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Postoperative Physiotherapy After Open Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Three-Step Program
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Nikolas KG. De Meurechy, Pieter-Jan Loos, Maurice Y. Mommaerts
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Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Scheuermann Maria, Vanreusel Inne, Elke Van de Casteele, Nadjmi Nasser
Abstract
Background
There is a wide range of surgical techniques for the treatment of palatal clefts. Some of these surgical procedures result in postoperative osteogenesis at the palatal fissure. The aim of this review was to discuss the current approach of cleft palate surgery leading to spontaneous bone regeneration and to compare these different procedures. Moreover, the causes of bone regeneration, effects on maxillary growth and factors affecting bone regeneration on the hard palate are discussed.
Methods
The selected articles were found on Medline and Web of Science. The keywords for the search were "cleft palate", "bone regeneration", "palatoplasty", "reconstructive surgical procedures" and "cleft palate/surgery". Studies that examined the effect of primary palatoplasty on spontaneous bone regeneration in the hard palate in children were included in this review. Four articles were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis.
Results
Due to differences in patient characteristics and evaluation methods, it has been difficult to compare different surgical procedures. The use of a mucoperiosteal flap in combination with adequate closure of the mucosa is needed to obtain bone formation. The area with the largest amount of regenerated bone was located in the middle of the hard palate. In literature it was found that complete closure is considered unfavorable because of the negative effects on maxillary growth, but more studies are needed to confirm this. Of the factors that have been studied, only age turned out to be borderline significant.
Conclusion
Only a few studies with small sample size have been published on bone regeneration in the hard palate. More research is needed to validate these findings.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Qbr9hn
Diffusion tensor imaging parameters in differentiation recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with breast-conserving surgery
Publication date: February 2019
Source: European Journal of Radiology, Volume 111
Author(s): Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek, Mona Zaky, Dalia Bayoumi, Saher Taman, Khaled Abdelwahab, Reham Alghandour
Abstract
Aim of the work
To investigate mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as complementary tools to differentiate recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with breast-conserving surgery (BCS).
Patients and Methods
Prospective study was conducted upon 30 patients with BCS that underwent DTI and dynamic contrast MR imaging. DTI was performed using an axial two-dimensional spin-echo echo-planar imaging sequence. The MD and FA of the lesions were calculated by 2 observers. A single pixel seed isotropic region of interest was placed in the solid part of the tumor on the axial color FA map guided by an enhanced part of the tumor. The final diagnosis was done by biopsy for all patients.
Results
The pathological examination proved to be recurrent breast cancer (n = 13) and post-operative changes (n = 17). Recurrent breast cancer had significantly lower MD (P = 0.001, 0.001) and higher FA (P = 0.003, 0.02) than in post-operative changes for both observers respectively. At ROC curve analysis of MD, the AUC was 0.86 and 0.85 by both observers. The threshed MD was (0.86, 0.85 × 10−3 mm2/s) used for differentiation between entities revealed sensitivity (76.9%, 92.3%), specificity (82.4%, 64.7%) and accuracy (80%, 76.7%) of both observers respectively. At ROC curve analysis of FA, the AUC was 0.82 and 0.75 by both observers. The threshold FA (0.82, 0.75) was used for differentiation between entities revealed sensitivity (92.3%, 76.9%), specificity (70.6%, 70.6%) and accuracy of (80.0%, 73.3%) of both observers respectively. There was a strong positive correlation of MD (r = 0.86) and FA (r = 0.73) of both observers. Combined analysis of FA and MD used for differentiation between entities had AUC (0.90, 0.88) revealed sensitivity (92.3%, 92.3%), specificity (82.4%, 70.6%) and accuracy of (86.7%, 80.0%) for both observers respectively.
Conclusions
Combined analysis of MD and FA of DTI may play an important role as a non-invasive method for differentiation recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with BCS.
Graphical abstract
The FA and MD parameters of DTI can differentiate recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with BCS. The recurrence shows higher FA and lower MD compared than post-operative changes. The MD and FA are statistically different between recurrent breast cancer and post-operative changes with a strong inter-observer agreement of both parameters.
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Reviewer Acknowledgement
Publication date: January 2019
Source: European Journal of Radiology, Volume 110
Author(s):
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Editorial Board
Publication date: January 2019
Source: European Journal of Radiology, Volume 110
Author(s):
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Evaluation of 3 Tesla Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging in children with Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Pilot Study
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018
Source: European Journal of Radiology
Author(s): Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Pankaj Gupta, Amit Shrivastav, Akshay Kumar Saxena, Joseph L. Mathew, Meenu Singh, Ritesh Agarwal
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 3 Tesla lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).
Materials and methods
This study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee. From October 2015 to January 2018, we prospectively evaluated twenty-seven consecutive children with ABPA. The diagnosis of ABPA was made on the ISHAM-ABPA working group criteria. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and 3 T MRI of the chest was performed on the same day. Bronchiectasis, consolidation, nodules, and mucus impaction were assessed in all segments. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRI were calculated using HRCT findings as the reference standard. Interobserver agreement was calculated using the kappa statistic.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 9.89 years (range: 5–16 years). There were 20 males and 7 females. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for bronchiectasis was 68%, 100%, 100% and 71.43% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for consolidation was 80%, 100%, 100% and 96% respectively. For detection of nodules, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV was 75%, 100%, 100% and 88.46% respectively. There was 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for mucus impaction. There was a high degree of interobserver agreement for MRI findings (k = 0.9-1) as well as agreement (k = 0.7-1) between CT and MRI for all the four findings.
Conclusion
With the currently available routine MR sequences, MRI demonstrates high specificity but less sensitivity and negative predictive value to HRCT scan in children with ABPA. Newer MR sequences need to be explored and validated to enhance the potential of lung MRI in ABPA.
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Diffusion tensor imaging parameters in differentiation recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with breast-conserving surgery
Publication date: February 2019
Source: European Journal of Radiology, Volume 111
Author(s): Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek, Mona Zaky, Dalia Bayoumi, Saher Taman, Khaled Abdelwahab, Reham Alghandour
Abstract
Aim of the work
To investigate mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as complementary tools to differentiate recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with breast-conserving surgery (BCS).
Patients and Methods
Prospective study was conducted upon 30 patients with BCS that underwent DTI and dynamic contrast MR imaging. DTI was performed using an axial two-dimensional spin-echo echo-planar imaging sequence. The MD and FA of the lesions were calculated by 2 observers. A single pixel seed isotropic region of interest was placed in the solid part of the tumor on the axial color FA map guided by an enhanced part of the tumor. The final diagnosis was done by biopsy for all patients.
Results
The pathological examination proved to be recurrent breast cancer (n = 13) and post-operative changes (n = 17). Recurrent breast cancer had significantly lower MD (P = 0.001, 0.001) and higher FA (P = 0.003, 0.02) than in post-operative changes for both observers respectively. At ROC curve analysis of MD, the AUC was 0.86 and 0.85 by both observers. The threshed MD was (0.86, 0.85 × 10−3 mm2/s) used for differentiation between entities revealed sensitivity (76.9%, 92.3%), specificity (82.4%, 64.7%) and accuracy (80%, 76.7%) of both observers respectively. At ROC curve analysis of FA, the AUC was 0.82 and 0.75 by both observers. The threshold FA (0.82, 0.75) was used for differentiation between entities revealed sensitivity (92.3%, 76.9%), specificity (70.6%, 70.6%) and accuracy of (80.0%, 73.3%) of both observers respectively. There was a strong positive correlation of MD (r = 0.86) and FA (r = 0.73) of both observers. Combined analysis of FA and MD used for differentiation between entities had AUC (0.90, 0.88) revealed sensitivity (92.3%, 92.3%), specificity (82.4%, 70.6%) and accuracy of (86.7%, 80.0%) for both observers respectively.
Conclusions
Combined analysis of MD and FA of DTI may play an important role as a non-invasive method for differentiation recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with BCS.
Graphical abstract
The FA and MD parameters of DTI can differentiate recurrent breast cancer from post-operative changes in patients with BCS. The recurrence shows higher FA and lower MD compared than post-operative changes. The MD and FA are statistically different between recurrent breast cancer and post-operative changes with a strong inter-observer agreement of both parameters.
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Reviewer Acknowledgement
Publication date: January 2019
Source: European Journal of Radiology, Volume 110
Author(s):
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2CGfqUU
Editorial Board
Publication date: January 2019
Source: European Journal of Radiology, Volume 110
Author(s):
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2TgrQYU
Evaluation of 3 Tesla Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging in children with Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Pilot Study
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018
Source: European Journal of Radiology
Author(s): Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Pankaj Gupta, Amit Shrivastav, Akshay Kumar Saxena, Joseph L. Mathew, Meenu Singh, Ritesh Agarwal
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 3 Tesla lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).
Materials and methods
This study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee. From October 2015 to January 2018, we prospectively evaluated twenty-seven consecutive children with ABPA. The diagnosis of ABPA was made on the ISHAM-ABPA working group criteria. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and 3 T MRI of the chest was performed on the same day. Bronchiectasis, consolidation, nodules, and mucus impaction were assessed in all segments. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRI were calculated using HRCT findings as the reference standard. Interobserver agreement was calculated using the kappa statistic.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 9.89 years (range: 5–16 years). There were 20 males and 7 females. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for bronchiectasis was 68%, 100%, 100% and 71.43% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for consolidation was 80%, 100%, 100% and 96% respectively. For detection of nodules, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV was 75%, 100%, 100% and 88.46% respectively. There was 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for mucus impaction. There was a high degree of interobserver agreement for MRI findings (k = 0.9-1) as well as agreement (k = 0.7-1) between CT and MRI for all the four findings.
Conclusion
With the currently available routine MR sequences, MRI demonstrates high specificity but less sensitivity and negative predictive value to HRCT scan in children with ABPA. Newer MR sequences need to be explored and validated to enhance the potential of lung MRI in ABPA.
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Biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Ruellia tuberosa: Antimicrobial properties and their applications in photocatalytic degradation
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Seerangaraj Vasantharaj, Selvam Sathiyavimal, Palanisamy Senthilkumar, Felix LewisOscar, Arivalagan PugazhendhiAbstractGreen synthesis of nanoparticles is one of the promising, ecofriendly and safer methods. Utilizing plant sources as reducing agents will replace the use of toxic chemicals for nanoparticle synthesis. In the present study FeONPs were synthesized using Ruellia tuberosa (RT) leaf aqueous extract, further characterization of FeONPs was performed using UV–vis spectroscopy analysis showing visible peak at 405 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) proved the presence of Fe metallic ions. The structural characteristic using Field emission ...
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Novel preparation of Au nanoparticles loaded Laponite nanoparticles/ECM injectable hydrogel on cardiac differentiation of resident cardiac stem cells to cardiomyocytes
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Youjian Zhang, Weidong Fan, Kuihua Wang, Huina Wei, Ruicheng Zhang, Yuguo WuAbstractCardiac tissue engineering offers a facile biomedical technology to develop a cardiac tissue regeneration or tissue repair by involving combinations of effective biomaterials and nanomaterials with engineering strategies. The cardiac regenerative materials were fabricated by electrically active nanoparticles onto the biocompatible matrix to inspire low-resistance electrical signal in the native heart tissues. In the current report, we investigated on the improvement of cardiac functionally inspired conductive injectable hydrogel fabricated from the electroactive gold (Au) and laponite (...
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The B-box bridge between light and hormones in plants
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): K.P. Vaishak, Premachandran Yadukrishnan, Souvika Bakshi, Amit Kumar Kushwaha, Harshil Ramachandran, Nikhil Job, Dion Babu, Sourav DattaAbstractPlant development is meticulously modulated by interactions between the surrounding environment and the endogenous phytohormones. Light, as an external signal coordinates with the extensive networks of hormones inside the plant to execute its effects on growth and development. Several proteins in plants have been identified for their crucial roles in mediating light regulated development. Among these are the B-box (BBX) family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of zinc-finger B-box domain in their N-terminal...
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Metaphor comprehension: An individual-differences approach
Publication date: April 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 105Author(s): Dušan Stamenković, Nicholas Ichien, Keith J. HolyoakAbstractThe nature of the mental processes involved in metaphor comprehension has been the focus of debate, with controversy focusing on the relative role of general analogical reasoning versus language-specific conceptual combination. In the present set of studies, we take an individual-differences approach to examine the comprehension of a variety of metaphors, some taken from literary sources, using several types of comprehension tests. In a series of metaphor-comprehension studies with college students, we measured both fluid intelligence (using the nonverbal Raven's Progressive Matrices test) and crystalized verbal intelligence (using a new S...
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Biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Ruellia tuberosa: Antimicrobial properties and their applications in photocatalytic degradation
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Seerangaraj Vasantharaj, Selvam Sathiyavimal, Palanisamy Senthilkumar, Felix LewisOscar, Arivalagan PugazhendhiAbstractGreen synthesis of nanoparticles is one of the promising, ecofriendly and safer methods. Utilizing plant sources as reducing agents will replace the use of toxic chemicals for nanoparticle synthesis. In the present study FeONPs were synthesized using Ruellia tuberosa (RT) leaf aqueous extract, further characterization of FeONPs was performed using UV–vis spectroscopy analysis showing visible peak at 405 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) proved the presence of Fe metallic ions. The structural characteristic using Field emission ...
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Ajko87
Novel preparation of Au nanoparticles loaded Laponite nanoparticles/ECM injectable hydrogel on cardiac differentiation of resident cardiac stem cells to cardiomyocytes
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Youjian Zhang, Weidong Fan, Kuihua Wang, Huina Wei, Ruicheng Zhang, Yuguo WuAbstractCardiac tissue engineering offers a facile biomedical technology to develop a cardiac tissue regeneration or tissue repair by involving combinations of effective biomaterials and nanomaterials with engineering strategies. The cardiac regenerative materials were fabricated by electrically active nanoparticles onto the biocompatible matrix to inspire low-resistance electrical signal in the native heart tissues. In the current report, we investigated on the improvement of cardiac functionally inspired conductive injectable hydrogel fabricated from the electroactive gold (Au) and laponite (...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SsjGwC
The B-box bridge between light and hormones in plants
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): K.P. Vaishak, Premachandran Yadukrishnan, Souvika Bakshi, Amit Kumar Kushwaha, Harshil Ramachandran, Nikhil Job, Dion Babu, Sourav DattaAbstractPlant development is meticulously modulated by interactions between the surrounding environment and the endogenous phytohormones. Light, as an external signal coordinates with the extensive networks of hormones inside the plant to execute its effects on growth and development. Several proteins in plants have been identified for their crucial roles in mediating light regulated development. Among these are the B-box (BBX) family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of zinc-finger B-box domain in their N-terminal...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AwD2d9
Metaphor comprehension: An individual-differences approach
Publication date: April 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 105Author(s): Dušan Stamenković, Nicholas Ichien, Keith J. HolyoakAbstractThe nature of the mental processes involved in metaphor comprehension has been the focus of debate, with controversy focusing on the relative role of general analogical reasoning versus language-specific conceptual combination. In the present set of studies, we take an individual-differences approach to examine the comprehension of a variety of metaphors, some taken from literary sources, using several types of comprehension tests. In a series of metaphor-comprehension studies with college students, we measured both fluid intelligence (using the nonverbal Raven's Progressive Matrices test) and crystalized verbal intelligence (using a new S...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SzqUyE
Support for Parents of Deaf Children: Common Questions and Informed, Evidence-based Answers
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Tom Humphries, Poorna Kushalnagar, Gaurav Mathur, Donna Jo Napoli, Christian Rathmann, Scott Smith
Abstract
To assist medical and hearing-science professionals in supporting parents of deaf children, we have identified common questions that parents may have and provide evidence-based answers. In doing so, a compassionate and positive narrative about deafness and deaf children is offered, one that relies on recent research evidence regarding the critical nature of early exposure to a fully accessible visual language, which in the United States is American Sign Language (ASL). This evidence includes the role of sign language in language acquisition, cognitive development, and literacy. In order for parents to provide a nurturing and anxiety-free environment for early childhood development, signing at home is important even if their child also has the additional nurturing and care of a signing community. It is not just the early years of a child's life that matter for language acquisition; it's the early months, the early weeks, even the early days. Deaf children cannot wait for accessible language input. The whole family must learn simultaneously as the deaf child learns. Even moderate fluency on the part of the family benefits the child enormously. And learning the sign language together can be one of the strongest bonding experiences that the family and deaf child have.
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A modified reconstructive technique for paediatric congenital alar rim deformity
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Atheer B. Ujam, Neil W. Bulstrode
Abstract
Alar subunit retraction or notching whether acquired or congenital, can be challenging to reconstruct. Congenital cysts and benign lumps involving the nasal alar region can also result in acquired alar deformity once resected. Published reports describe different surgical methods, but we demonstrate a simple and highly satisfying technique. We present four paediatric cases with alar rim defects and demonstrate our modified surgical technique.
All patients had an unremarkable recovery. Our outcomes demonstrate a minimal yet effective one-stage technique for correction of alar defects in paediatric patients that results in high patient satisfaction and allows for future secondary surgery if required.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2LFobkR
Support for Parents of Deaf Children: Common Questions and Informed, Evidence-based Answers
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Tom Humphries, Poorna Kushalnagar, Gaurav Mathur, Donna Jo Napoli, Christian Rathmann, Scott Smith
Abstract
To assist medical and hearing-science professionals in supporting parents of deaf children, we have identified common questions that parents may have and provide evidence-based answers. In doing so, a compassionate and positive narrative about deafness and deaf children is offered, one that relies on recent research evidence regarding the critical nature of early exposure to a fully accessible visual language, which in the United States is American Sign Language (ASL). This evidence includes the role of sign language in language acquisition, cognitive development, and literacy. In order for parents to provide a nurturing and anxiety-free environment for early childhood development, signing at home is important even if their child also has the additional nurturing and care of a signing community. It is not just the early years of a child's life that matter for language acquisition; it's the early months, the early weeks, even the early days. Deaf children cannot wait for accessible language input. The whole family must learn simultaneously as the deaf child learns. Even moderate fluency on the part of the family benefits the child enormously. And learning the sign language together can be one of the strongest bonding experiences that the family and deaf child have.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2s31iyx
A modified reconstructive technique for paediatric congenital alar rim deformity
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2018
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Atheer B. Ujam, Neil W. Bulstrode
Abstract
Alar subunit retraction or notching whether acquired or congenital, can be challenging to reconstruct. Congenital cysts and benign lumps involving the nasal alar region can also result in acquired alar deformity once resected. Published reports describe different surgical methods, but we demonstrate a simple and highly satisfying technique. We present four paediatric cases with alar rim defects and demonstrate our modified surgical technique.
All patients had an unremarkable recovery. Our outcomes demonstrate a minimal yet effective one-stage technique for correction of alar defects in paediatric patients that results in high patient satisfaction and allows for future secondary surgery if required.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2LFobkR
Racial and socioeconomic disparities associated with 90-day mortality among patients with head and neck cancer in the United States
Publication date: February 2019
Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 89
Author(s): Matthew E. Gaubatz, Aleksandr R. Bukatko, Matthew C. Simpson, Katherine M. Polednik, Eric Adjei Boakye, Mark A. Varvares, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
Abstract
Objectives
To quantify head and neck cancer (HNC) mortality rates and identify racial and socioeconomic factors associated with 90-day mortality.
Methods
The National Cancer Database (2004–2014) was queried for eligible HNC cases (n = 260,011) among adults treated with curative intent. Outcome of interest was any-cause 90-day mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves (Log-rank tests) estimated crude survival differences. A Cox proportional hazards model with further adjustments using the Šidák multiple comparison method adjusted for racial, socioeconomic and clinical factors.
Results
There were 9771 deaths (90-day mortality rate = 3.8%). There were crude differences in sex, race/ethnicity, comorbidity, distance, income, and insurance (Log-rank p-value < 0.0001). In the final model, blacks (aHR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.00, 1.21) and males (aHR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.00, 1.15) had greater 90-day mortality hazard, as did those uninsured (aHR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.48, 1.99), covered by Medicaid (aHR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.53, 1.93) or Medicare (aHR = 1.40; 95% CI 1.27, 1.53). Residence in lower median income zip code was associated with greater 90-day mortality [(aHR <$30,000 = 1.30; 95% CI 1.18, 1.44); (aHR $30,000–$34,999 = 1.24; 95% CI 1.13, 1.36); (aHR $35,000–$45,999 = 1.18; 95% CI 1.08, 1.27)]; and farther travel distance for treatment was associated with decreased 90-day mortality [(aHR 50–249.9 miles = 0.86; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97); (aHR > 250 miles = 0.70; 95% CI 50, 0.99)].
Conclusions
There are significant race and socioeconomic disparities among patients with HNC, and these disparities impact mortality within 90 days of treatment.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QZJkfu
Racial and socioeconomic disparities associated with 90-day mortality among patients with head and neck cancer in the United States
Publication date: February 2019
Source: Oral Oncology, Volume 89
Author(s): Matthew E. Gaubatz, Aleksandr R. Bukatko, Matthew C. Simpson, Katherine M. Polednik, Eric Adjei Boakye, Mark A. Varvares, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
Abstract
Objectives
To quantify head and neck cancer (HNC) mortality rates and identify racial and socioeconomic factors associated with 90-day mortality.
Methods
The National Cancer Database (2004–2014) was queried for eligible HNC cases (n = 260,011) among adults treated with curative intent. Outcome of interest was any-cause 90-day mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves (Log-rank tests) estimated crude survival differences. A Cox proportional hazards model with further adjustments using the Šidák multiple comparison method adjusted for racial, socioeconomic and clinical factors.
Results
There were 9771 deaths (90-day mortality rate = 3.8%). There were crude differences in sex, race/ethnicity, comorbidity, distance, income, and insurance (Log-rank p-value < 0.0001). In the final model, blacks (aHR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.00, 1.21) and males (aHR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.00, 1.15) had greater 90-day mortality hazard, as did those uninsured (aHR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.48, 1.99), covered by Medicaid (aHR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.53, 1.93) or Medicare (aHR = 1.40; 95% CI 1.27, 1.53). Residence in lower median income zip code was associated with greater 90-day mortality [(aHR <$30,000 = 1.30; 95% CI 1.18, 1.44); (aHR $30,000–$34,999 = 1.24; 95% CI 1.13, 1.36); (aHR $35,000–$45,999 = 1.18; 95% CI 1.08, 1.27)]; and farther travel distance for treatment was associated with decreased 90-day mortality [(aHR 50–249.9 miles = 0.86; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97); (aHR > 250 miles = 0.70; 95% CI 50, 0.99)].
Conclusions
There are significant race and socioeconomic disparities among patients with HNC, and these disparities impact mortality within 90 days of treatment.
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