Outcome measures to be considered on asthma in elderly

Purpose of review Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous respiratory disease which is characterized by airflow limitation and variable respiratory symptoms. Asthma in patients more than 65 years of age has an important negative impact on quality of life. The pathophysiology and treatment of asthma in older patients are not as well identified as in younger groups of ages. In this review we intend to outline characteristics found in elderly adults which distinguish them from other age groups of patients with asthma. Recent findings With increasing age, there are alterations in the innate and adaptive immune responses, known as 'immunosenescence.' These age-associated modifications include an altered response after a pathogenic exposure or tissue injury, moderately mediated through an irreversible loss of cellular replication and defective tissue repair. Summary Asthma is a consequence of complex gene–environment interactions, with diversity in clinical presentation and the type and intensity of airway inflammation and remodeling. Age-associated changes in lung physiology and morphology may occur and contribute to asthma. Aging is correlated with a notable decrease in elastic recoil, greater chest wall rigidity, and poor respiratory muscle strength. Underreporting of symptoms by elderly patients is common because of multiple underlying causes. Video abstract http://bit.ly/2I7ztAi. Correspondence to Sandra Nora Gonzalez-Diaz, MD, PhD, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. Tel: +52 (818) 348 2459; e-mail: sgonzalezdiaz@yahoo.com Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (www.co-allergy.com). Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Sampling Devices for Indoor Allergen Exposure: Pros and Cons

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To review current indoor allergen sampling devices, including devices to measure allergen in reservoir and airborne dust, and personal sampling devices, with attention to sampling rationale and major indoor allergen size and characteristics.

Recent Findings

While reservoir dust vacuuming samples and airborne dust volumetric air sampling remain popular techniques, recent literature describes sampling using furnace filters and ion-charging devices, both which help to eliminate the need for trained staff; however, variable correlation with reservoir dust and volumetric air sampling has been described. Personal sampling devices include intra-nasal samples and personal volumetric air samples. While these devices may offer better estimates of breathable allergens, they are worn for short periods of time and can be cumbersome.

Summary

Reservoir dust sampling is inexpensive and is possible for families to perform. Airborne dust sampling can be more expensive and may better quantify cat, dog, and mouse allergen exposure. Personal sampling devices may offer a better representation of breathable air.

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Outcome measures to be considered on asthma in elderly

Purpose of review Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous respiratory disease which is characterized by airflow limitation and variable respiratory symptoms. Asthma in patients more than 65 years of age has an important negative impact on quality of life. The pathophysiology and treatment of asthma in older patients are not as well identified as in younger groups of ages. In this review we intend to outline characteristics found in elderly adults which distinguish them from other age groups of patients with asthma. Recent findings With increasing age, there are alterations in the innate and adaptive immune responses, known as 'immunosenescence.' These age-associated modifications include an altered response after a pathogenic exposure or tissue injury, moderately mediated through an irreversible loss of cellular replication and defective tissue repair. Summary Asthma is a consequence of complex gene–environment interactions, with diversity in clinical presentation and the type and intensity of airway inflammation and remodeling. Age-associated changes in lung physiology and morphology may occur and contribute to asthma. Aging is correlated with a notable decrease in elastic recoil, greater chest wall rigidity, and poor respiratory muscle strength. Underreporting of symptoms by elderly patients is common because of multiple underlying causes. Video abstract http://bit.ly/2I7ztAi. Correspondence to Sandra Nora Gonzalez-Diaz, MD, PhD, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. Tel: +52 (818) 348 2459; e-mail: sgonzalezdiaz@yahoo.com Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (www.co-allergy.com). Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Sampling Devices for Indoor Allergen Exposure: Pros and Cons

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To review current indoor allergen sampling devices, including devices to measure allergen in reservoir and airborne dust, and personal sampling devices, with attention to sampling rationale and major indoor allergen size and characteristics.

Recent Findings

While reservoir dust vacuuming samples and airborne dust volumetric air sampling remain popular techniques, recent literature describes sampling using furnace filters and ion-charging devices, both which help to eliminate the need for trained staff; however, variable correlation with reservoir dust and volumetric air sampling has been described. Personal sampling devices include intra-nasal samples and personal volumetric air samples. While these devices may offer better estimates of breathable allergens, they are worn for short periods of time and can be cumbersome.

Summary

Reservoir dust sampling is inexpensive and is possible for families to perform. Airborne dust sampling can be more expensive and may better quantify cat, dog, and mouse allergen exposure. Personal sampling devices may offer a better representation of breathable air.

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Comparative Study Between Microscopic and Endoscopic Tympanoplasty Type I

Abstract

Tympanoplasty is surgical reconstruction of tympano-ossicular system and includes—Canalplasty, Meatoplasty, Myringoplasty and Ossiculoplasty. To analyse and compare the intraoperative and postoperative aspects and the outcomes of conventional postauricular microscopic tympanoplasty and permeatal endoscopic tympanoplasty this study was conducted on 50 patients undergoing type I tympanoplasty (25 patients divided into two groups; group A—microscopic tympanoplasty and group B—endoscopic tympanoplasty). Advantages, disadvantages and results were compared between the two groups. Success rates and hearing improvement were comparable in both groups while intraoperative ease, postoperative morbidity and operative time was seen superior in endoscopic group. Although, endoscopic technique being minimally invasive yet has disadvantages such as single handed difficult instrumentation, frequent cleaning of scope and thus a steep learning curve. In conclusion permeatal endoscopic tympanoplasty can be considered as a good alternative to the conventional microscopic tympanoplasty.

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Comparative Study Between Microscopic and Endoscopic Tympanoplasty Type I

Abstract

Tympanoplasty is surgical reconstruction of tympano-ossicular system and includes—Canalplasty, Meatoplasty, Myringoplasty and Ossiculoplasty. To analyse and compare the intraoperative and postoperative aspects and the outcomes of conventional postauricular microscopic tympanoplasty and permeatal endoscopic tympanoplasty this study was conducted on 50 patients undergoing type I tympanoplasty (25 patients divided into two groups; group A—microscopic tympanoplasty and group B—endoscopic tympanoplasty). Advantages, disadvantages and results were compared between the two groups. Success rates and hearing improvement were comparable in both groups while intraoperative ease, postoperative morbidity and operative time was seen superior in endoscopic group. Although, endoscopic technique being minimally invasive yet has disadvantages such as single handed difficult instrumentation, frequent cleaning of scope and thus a steep learning curve. In conclusion permeatal endoscopic tympanoplasty can be considered as a good alternative to the conventional microscopic tympanoplasty.

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Sampling Devices for Indoor Allergen Exposure: Pros and Cons

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To review current indoor allergen sampling devices, including devices to measure allergen in reservoir and airborne dust, and personal sampling devices, with attention to sampling rationale and major indoor allergen size and characteristics.

Recent Findings

While reservoir dust vacuuming samples and airborne dust volumetric air sampling remain popular techniques, recent literature describes sampling using furnace filters and ion-charging devices, both which help to eliminate the need for trained staff; however, variable correlation with reservoir dust and volumetric air sampling has been described. Personal sampling devices include intra-nasal samples and personal volumetric air samples. While these devices may offer better estimates of breathable allergens, they are worn for short periods of time and can be cumbersome.

Summary

Reservoir dust sampling is inexpensive and is possible for families to perform. Airborne dust sampling can be more expensive and may better quantify cat, dog, and mouse allergen exposure. Personal sampling devices may offer a better representation of breathable air.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2I7PvtS

Sampling Devices for Indoor Allergen Exposure: Pros and Cons

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To review current indoor allergen sampling devices, including devices to measure allergen in reservoir and airborne dust, and personal sampling devices, with attention to sampling rationale and major indoor allergen size and characteristics.

Recent Findings

While reservoir dust vacuuming samples and airborne dust volumetric air sampling remain popular techniques, recent literature describes sampling using furnace filters and ion-charging devices, both which help to eliminate the need for trained staff; however, variable correlation with reservoir dust and volumetric air sampling has been described. Personal sampling devices include intra-nasal samples and personal volumetric air samples. While these devices may offer better estimates of breathable allergens, they are worn for short periods of time and can be cumbersome.

Summary

Reservoir dust sampling is inexpensive and is possible for families to perform. Airborne dust sampling can be more expensive and may better quantify cat, dog, and mouse allergen exposure. Personal sampling devices may offer a better representation of breathable air.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2I7PvtS

SLP Renee Kinder Shares How Joining ASHA SIG 15, Gerontology, Boosted Her Career

By Renee Kinder 1. When did you join your SIG—and what made you want to join? I joined in 2013. This was secondary to my interest in the field of gerontology, and I had the desire to learn from clinicians with similar interests and experiences. 2. How has your involvement with the SIG helped you in your career? Involvement in SIG 15 allows me the opportunity to not only engage with other SLPs interested in the field of gerontology, but it also allows me to further engage in volunteerism in ASHA via the SIG Professional Development Committee and Perspectives editorship. 3. How do you carve out time to volunteer with the SIG while working in your full-time job and balancing other commitments? What advice would you give to someone who'd like to get more involved in the SIG,...

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SLP Renee Kinder Shares How Joining ASHA SIG 15, Gerontology, Boosted Her Career

By Renee Kinder 1. When did you join your SIG—and what made you want to join? I joined in 2013. This was secondary to my interest in the field of gerontology, and I had the desire to learn from clinicians with similar interests and experiences. 2. How has your involvement with the SIG helped you in your career? Involvement in SIG 15 allows me the opportunity to not only engage with other SLPs interested in the field of gerontology, but it also allows me to further engage in volunteerism in ASHA via the SIG Professional Development Committee and Perspectives editorship. 3. How do you carve out time to volunteer with the SIG while working in your full-time job and balancing other commitments? What advice would you give to someone who'd like to get more involved in the SIG,...

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SLP Renee Kinder Shares How Joining ASHA SIG 15, Gerontology, Boosted Her Career

By Renee Kinder 1. When did you join your SIG—and what made you want to join? I joined in 2013. This was secondary to my interest in the field of gerontology, and I had the desire to learn from clinicians with similar interests and experiences. 2. How has your involvement with the SIG helped you in your career? Involvement in SIG 15 allows me the opportunity to not only engage with other SLPs interested in the field of gerontology, but it also allows me to further engage in volunteerism in ASHA via the SIG Professional Development Committee and Perspectives editorship. 3. How do you carve out time to volunteer with the SIG while working in your full-time job and balancing other commitments? What advice would you give to someone who'd like to get more involved in the SIG,...

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SLP Renee Kinder Shares How Joining ASHA SIG 15, Gerontology, Boosted Her Career

By Renee Kinder 1. When did you join your SIG—and what made you want to join? I joined in 2013. This was secondary to my interest in the field of gerontology, and I had the desire to learn from clinicians with similar interests and experiences. 2. How has your involvement with the SIG helped you in your career? Involvement in SIG 15 allows me the opportunity to not only engage with other SLPs interested in the field of gerontology, but it also allows me to further engage in volunteerism in ASHA via the SIG Professional Development Committee and Perspectives editorship. 3. How do you carve out time to volunteer with the SIG while working in your full-time job and balancing other commitments? What advice would you give to someone who'd like to get more involved in the SIG,...

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From Launch To IPO In 13 Months: Gossamer Bio ’s CEO Says She’s Running The Company Of Her Dreams

Immunology-focused biotech startup Gossamer Bio has its market debut, with a lead drug candidate targeting moderate-to-severe asthma. (Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News)

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China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV

China is investigating a manufacturer of medical products following reports that it sold human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection that had possibly been contaminated with HIV, though authorities said tests found no sign of the virus.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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From Launch To IPO In 13 Months: Gossamer Bio ’s CEO Says She’s Running The Company Of Her Dreams

Immunology-focused biotech startup Gossamer Bio has its market debut, with a lead drug candidate targeting moderate-to-severe asthma. (Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News)

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Iodoform Vs Calcium Hydroxide/Zinc Oxide based pastes: 12-month findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract This study evaluated clinical and radiographic twelve-month outcomes of root canal treatments (CT) with smear layer removal, performed in primary teeth, using two different root canal filling materials. Pulpectomy was performed on 27 primary teeth with necrosis or irreversible pulpitis, caused by dental caries or trauma, in 23 children (2-7 years old). A single trained operator performed the CT in a single visit in cases without periapical or interradicular radiolucency (PIR) or in multiple visits in cases with PIR. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, and randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 (G1) – iodoform paste (iodoform + camphorated parachlorophenol + ointment comprising prednisolone acetate 5.0 mg and rifamycin 1.5 mg); Group 2 (G2) – Calen®/ZO paste. Treated teeth were restored with composite resin immediately after the root canal filling. The outcomes were evaluated clinically and radiographically according to specific criteria. Two blinded and standardized evaluators assessed the radiographic outcomes. We used descriptive analyses due to the small sample size. CTs were performed due to caries lesions in 70.4% of the cases and due to trauma in 29.6%. Only one tooth of G1 was unsuccessful; hence, pulpectomy performance in both groups was not influenced by the filling material, nor by any other analyzed variable. The level of the root canal filling was better in the Calen®/ZO group. The clinical and radiographic twelve-month outcomes indicated successful treatment, independently of the root filling material used.

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Influence of chlorhexidine and zinc oxide in calcium hydroxide pastes on pH changes in external root surface

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the influence of chlorhexidine (liquid and gel) and zinc oxide in calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes on root pH in simulated external resorption. One hundred human anterior teeth with a single root canal were selected. After decoronation and root canal instrumentation, the specimens were divided into 4 experimental groups and 1 control group (without intracanal paste): CH + saline (CH+S), CH + 2% chlorhexidine liquid (CH+ CHX), CH + 2% chlorhexidine gel (CH+ CHXg), and CH + 2% chlorhexidine gel + zinc oxide (CH+ CHXg+ZnO). pH was measured using a microelectrode at 3 and 24 h, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after inserting intracanal pastes. Data were analyzed statistically using an ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The CH+CHXg+ZnO group had the highest pH values throughout (p<0.05). The CH+S and CH+ CHX groups had the highest pH values after 1 week and the CH+ CHXg group after 2 weeks. CH+ CHXg maintained the highest pH until the fourth week compared with CH+ CHX (p < 0.05). The control group remained at a neutral pH at all evaluated times. It can be concluded that chlorhexidine solution or gel maintained the alkaline pH of CH, and chlorhexidine gel allowed a slower decrease in pH over time. CH+ CHXg+ZnO showed the highest pH values and was an effective intracanal medication for maintaining alkaline root pH in the area of resorption.

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The effect of enamel matrix derivatives on root coverage: a 12-month follow-up of a randomized clinical trial

Abstract Subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SCTGs) with a coronally advanced flap (CAF) are accepted as the gold standard for covering denuded root surfaces. In recent years, enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) have been used for their regenerative potential in periodontics. The aim of this split-mouth and randomized controlled study was to assess the clinical and aesthetical impacts of EMD application in combination with SCTG+CAF in patients with Miller's Class I and II gingival recessions in contralateral canines of the maxilla. Participants who underwent SCTG+CAF+EMD application were identified as the test group (n = 19) and those who underwent SCTG+CAF as control group (n = 19). The outcome parameters were recession depth/width, root coverage percentage, and root coverage aesthetic score (RES). RES was evaluated by two calibrated blind periodontists one year after the treatment. Statistically significant root coverage percentage was observed at one year post-treatment for both groups (p < 0.05). However, significant differences between the groups were not observed in terms of total RES and complete root coverage rate (p > 0.05). The test group had significantly better results than the control according to the soft tissue texture and mucogingival junction alignment results (p < 0.05). These results indicate that EMDs contribute to the healing of soft tissue without scarring. As a result of better wound healing, the EMD-added group exhibited better results in terms of the harmony of the mucogingival junction between adjacent teeth. This paper is the first split-mouth study in which SCTG+CAF and SCTG+CAF+EMD were compared using RES in bilateral canines.

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Ultrasonic tips as an auxiliary method for the instrumentation of oval-shaped root canals

Abstract To evaluate the influence of novel ultrasonic tips as an auxiliary method for the rotary preparation of flattened/oval-shaped canals. Forty-five mandibular incisors were selected and divided into one of three experimental groups (n = 15): Group PFCP – ProDesign Logic 25/.05 + Flatsonic + Clearsonic + Prodesign Logic 40/.01; Group FCP – Flatsonic + Clearsonic + ProDesign Logic 40/.01; and Group PP – Prodesign Logic 25/.05 + Prodesign Logic 40/.05. The teeth were scanned preoperatively and postoperatively using microcomputed tomography. The percentage values for increase in volume, non-instrumented surface area, dentin removal, degree of canal transportation, and centering ratio between the experimental groups were examined. Data were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests (p < 0.05). Group PFCP showed the greatest volume increase in the total portion of the root canal and the lowest percentage of non-instrumented surface area. Regarding the degree of transportation in the buccolingual direction, statistically significant differences between groups PFCP and PP were observed at the coronal third of the canal. In the mesiodistal direction, no statistically significant differences were observed at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. As for the centering ratio, statistically significant differences were found in the buccolingual direction. In the mesiodistal direction, no statistically significant differences were observed at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. The use of novel ultrasonic tips combined with rotary instruments in group PFCP provided a significant increase in volume and reduced the percentage of non-instrumented areas during the preparation of flattened/oval-shaped canals.

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New material perspective for endocrown restorations: effects on mechanical performance and fracture behavior

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical performance and the fracture behavior of endocrown restorations prepared using distinct restorative materials. A total of 42 sound molars with similar crown size and shape were cut at 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction and endodontically treated. They were categorized according to the restorative material used to fabricate endocrown restorations (n=7), namely, conventional composite (Filtek™ Z350 XT), bulk fill composite (Filtek™ Bulk Fill), conventional composite modeled using resin adhesives (SBMP: Scotchbond™ Multipurpose Adhesive; or SBU: Scotchbond™ Universal Adhesive), and IPS e.max lithium disilicate (Ivoclar Vivadent; positive control). Unprepared sound teeth were used as negative control. All endocrowns were bonded using a self-adhesive cement (Rely-X™ U200). The teeth were submitted to fatigue (Byocycle) and fracture (EMIC DL500) testing. Load-to-fracture (in N) and work-of-fracture (Wf, in J/m2) values were analyzed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). The endocrowns did not fracture or de-bond upon fatigue, showing similar load-to-fracture and work-of-fracture values, regardless of the restorative material (p > 0.05). The endocrowns fabricated by combining Z350 and SBMP had the least harsh fractures, in contrast to endocrowns prepared using Z350 only, which exhibited an equilibrium between repairable and irrepairable fractures. The e.max endocrowns exhibited more aggressive failures (root fracture) than other groups, resulting in higher rates of irrepairable fractures. In conclusion, dental practitioners may satisfactorily restore severely damaged nonvital teeth using the endocrown technique. Composite endocrowns prepared using resin adhesive as modeler liquid or using bulk fill material may result in less aggressive failures, thus providing a new material perspective for endocrown restorations.

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Effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on functional activity and mineralization of OD-21 and MDPC-23 cell lines

Abstract Recent studies on functional tissue regeneration have focused on substances that favor cell proliferation and differentiation, including the bioactive phenolic compounds present in grape seed extract (GSE). The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the stimulatory potential of GSE in the functional activity of undifferentiated pulp cells and odontoblast-like cells. OD-21 and MDPC-23 cell lines were cultivated in odontogenic medium until subconfluence, seeded in 24-well culture plates in a concentration of 2x104/well and divided into: 1) OD-21 without GSE; 2) OD-21+10 µg/mL of GSE; 3) MDPC-23 without GSE; 4) MDPC-23+10 µg/mL of GSE. Cell proliferation, in situ detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein content were assessed after 3, 7 and 10 days, and mineralization was evaluated after 14 days. The data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests set at a 5% level of significance. Results revealed that cell proliferation increased after 10 days, and protein content, after 7 days of culture in MDPC-23 cells. In situ ALP staining intensity was higher in undifferentiated pulp cells and odontoblast-like cells after 7 and 10 days, respectively. A discrete increase in MDPC-23 mineralization after GSE treatment was observed despite OD-21 cells presenting a decrease in mineralized nodule deposits. Data suggest that GSE favors functional activity of differentiated cells more broadly than undifferentiated cells (OD-21). More studies with different concentrations of GSE must be conducted to confirm its benefits to cells regarding dentin regeneration.

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Effect of a resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium on enamel demineralization inhibition: an in vitro study

Abstract We assessed the effect of a new coating material based on resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium (Ca) in inhibiting the demineralization of underlying and adjacent areas surrounding caries-like lesions in enamel. The measures used were surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). Thirty-six bovine enamel specimens (3 × 6 × 2 mm) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 12): No treatment (NT); resin-modified glass-ionomer with Ca (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M ESPE) (CL), and fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) (DU). The specimens were subjected to alternated immersions in demineralizing (6 h) and remineralizing solutions (18 h) for 7 days. SH measurements were conducted at standard distances of 150, 300, and 450 µm from the treatment area. CSH evaluated the mean hardness profile over the depth of the enamel surface and at standard distances from the materials. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was conducted to evaluate the demineralization bands created on the sublayer by % of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F). Ca/P weight ratio was also calculated. Based on SH and CSH measurements, there was no difference between groups at the distances 150 µm (p = 0.882), 300 µm (p = 0.995), and 450 µm (p = 0.998). Up to 50 µm depth (at 150 µm from the treatment area), CL showed better performance than DU ( p< 0.05). NT presented higher loss of Ca and P than CL and DU (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the % of F ion among the three groups. The new coating material was similar to F varnish in attenuating enamel demineralization.

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A comparative study of bulk-fill composites: degree of conversion, post-gel shrinkage and cytotoxicity

Abstract We assessed the effect of a new coating material based on resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium (Ca) in inhibiting the demineralization of underlying and adjacent areas surrounding caries-like lesions in enamel. The measures used were surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). Thirty-six bovine enamel specimens (3 × 6 × 2 mm) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 12): No treatment (NT); resin-modified glass-ionomer with Ca (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M ESPE) (CL), and fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) (DU). The specimens were subjected to alternated immersions in demineralizing (6 h) and remineralizing solutions (18 h) for 7 days. SH measurements were conducted at standard distances of 150, 300, and 450 µm from the treatment area. CSH evaluated the mean hardness profile over the depth of the enamel surface and at standard distances from the materials. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was conducted to evaluate the demineralization bands created on the sublayer by % of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F). Ca/P weight ratio was also calculated. Based on SH and CSH measurements, there was no difference between groups at the distances 150 µm (p = 0.882), 300 µm (p = 0.995), and 450 µm (p = 0.998). Up to 50 µm depth (at 150 µm from the treatment area), CL showed better performance than DU ( p< 0.05). NT presented higher loss of Ca and P than CL and DU (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the % of F ion among the three groups. The new coating material was similar to F varnish in attenuating enamel demineralization.

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Four A’S of eco-friendly dentistry

Abstract We assessed the effect of a new coating material based on resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium (Ca) in inhibiting the demineralization of underlying and adjacent areas surrounding caries-like lesions in enamel. The measures used were surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). Thirty-six bovine enamel specimens (3 × 6 × 2 mm) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 12): No treatment (NT); resin-modified glass-ionomer with Ca (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M ESPE) (CL), and fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) (DU). The specimens were subjected to alternated immersions in demineralizing (6 h) and remineralizing solutions (18 h) for 7 days. SH measurements were conducted at standard distances of 150, 300, and 450 µm from the treatment area. CSH evaluated the mean hardness profile over the depth of the enamel surface and at standard distances from the materials. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was conducted to evaluate the demineralization bands created on the sublayer by % of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F). Ca/P weight ratio was also calculated. Based on SH and CSH measurements, there was no difference between groups at the distances 150 µm (p = 0.882), 300 µm (p = 0.995), and 450 µm (p = 0.998). Up to 50 µm depth (at 150 µm from the treatment area), CL showed better performance than DU ( p< 0.05). NT presented higher loss of Ca and P than CL and DU (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the % of F ion among the three groups. The new coating material was similar to F varnish in attenuating enamel demineralization.

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The effect of colchicine on alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis

Abstract Colchicine is widely used in the treatment of several inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory effect, but effects on bone metabolism are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemically-administered colchicine on healthy periodontium and experimentally-induced periodontitis. In total, 42 male Wistar rats were included in this study. A non-ligated group constituting the negative control group (Control, C, n = 6) and a ligature-only group forming the positive control group (LO, n = 12) were created separately. Twelve rats were treated with 0.4 mg/kg colchicine and another 12 with 1 mg/kg colchicine. In the colchicine-administered groups, right mandibles constituted the ligated groups (1 mgC-L or 0.4 mgC-L) and left mandibles formed the corresponding non-ligated controls (1mgC or 0.4mgC). Silk ligatures were placed at the gingival margin of the lower first molars. The animals were euthanized at different time-points of healing (11 or 30 days). Alveolar bone loss was clinically measured and TRAP+ osteoclasts, osteoblastic activity, and MMP-1 expression were examined histologically. There was no increase in alveolar bone loss with either colchicine dose in healthy periodontium (p > 0.05) and the highest level of alveolar bone loss, TRAP+ osteoclast number, and MMP-1 expression were measured in the LO group (p < 0.05). The 0.4 mgC-L group showed less alveolar bone loss at 11 days (p < 0.05), but greater loss at 30 days. The 1 mgC-L group showed higher osteoblast number than the other ligated groups (p < 0.05) at both time-points. In summary, colchicine did not increase alveolar bone loss in healthy periodontium and also may tend to reduce periodontitis progression. However, further extensive study is necessary to understand the mechanism of colchicine action on alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.

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Iodoform Vs Calcium Hydroxide/Zinc Oxide based pastes: 12-month findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract This study evaluated clinical and radiographic twelve-month outcomes of root canal treatments (CT) with smear layer removal, performed in primary teeth, using two different root canal filling materials. Pulpectomy was performed on 27 primary teeth with necrosis or irreversible pulpitis, caused by dental caries or trauma, in 23 children (2-7 years old). A single trained operator performed the CT in a single visit in cases without periapical or interradicular radiolucency (PIR) or in multiple visits in cases with PIR. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, and randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 (G1) – iodoform paste (iodoform + camphorated parachlorophenol + ointment comprising prednisolone acetate 5.0 mg and rifamycin 1.5 mg); Group 2 (G2) – Calen®/ZO paste. Treated teeth were restored with composite resin immediately after the root canal filling. The outcomes were evaluated clinically and radiographically according to specific criteria. Two blinded and standardized evaluators assessed the radiographic outcomes. We used descriptive analyses due to the small sample size. CTs were performed due to caries lesions in 70.4% of the cases and due to trauma in 29.6%. Only one tooth of G1 was unsuccessful; hence, pulpectomy performance in both groups was not influenced by the filling material, nor by any other analyzed variable. The level of the root canal filling was better in the Calen®/ZO group. The clinical and radiographic twelve-month outcomes indicated successful treatment, independently of the root filling material used.

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Influence of chlorhexidine and zinc oxide in calcium hydroxide pastes on pH changes in external root surface

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the influence of chlorhexidine (liquid and gel) and zinc oxide in calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes on root pH in simulated external resorption. One hundred human anterior teeth with a single root canal were selected. After decoronation and root canal instrumentation, the specimens were divided into 4 experimental groups and 1 control group (without intracanal paste): CH + saline (CH+S), CH + 2% chlorhexidine liquid (CH+ CHX), CH + 2% chlorhexidine gel (CH+ CHXg), and CH + 2% chlorhexidine gel + zinc oxide (CH+ CHXg+ZnO). pH was measured using a microelectrode at 3 and 24 h, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after inserting intracanal pastes. Data were analyzed statistically using an ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The CH+CHXg+ZnO group had the highest pH values throughout (p<0.05). The CH+S and CH+ CHX groups had the highest pH values after 1 week and the CH+ CHXg group after 2 weeks. CH+ CHXg maintained the highest pH until the fourth week compared with CH+ CHX (p < 0.05). The control group remained at a neutral pH at all evaluated times. It can be concluded that chlorhexidine solution or gel maintained the alkaline pH of CH, and chlorhexidine gel allowed a slower decrease in pH over time. CH+ CHXg+ZnO showed the highest pH values and was an effective intracanal medication for maintaining alkaline root pH in the area of resorption.

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Validation of self-reported history of root canal treatment in a southern Brazilian subpopulation

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess self-reported history of root canal treatment (SRHRCT) as a method for detecting the presence of root canal treatment (RCT) and apical periodontitis (AP) in a southern Brazilian subpopulation. In this cross-sectional study, 136 military police officers from the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, were included. The participants were interviewed and full-mouth periapical radiographs were taken. A calibrated examiner determined the presence of RCT and AP by applying standardized criteria. The diagnostic accuracy of SRHRCT was calculated separately for RCT and AP. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (+PV and -PV), efficiency, and positive and negative likelihood ratios (+LR and -LR) were estimated. The mean age of the participants was 34.1 ± 10.4 years and 88.2% were males. Overall, SRHRCT demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for RCT, but not for AP: sensitivity (RCT = 0.960, AP = 0.757) and specificity (RCT = 0.835, AP = 0.631). The estimated values for PV and LR were: +PV (RCT=0.777, AP=0.396), -PV (RCT = 0.972, AP = 0.890), +LR (RCT = 5.853, AP = 2.057), and -LR (RCT = 0.046, AP = 0.383). SRHRCT proved to be a good predictor of the presence of RCT, but a weak predictor of AP in this subpopulation.

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New material perspective for endocrown restorations: effects on mechanical performance and fracture behavior

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical performance and the fracture behavior of endocrown restorations prepared using distinct restorative materials. A total of 42 sound molars with similar crown size and shape were cut at 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction and endodontically treated. They were categorized according to the restorative material used to fabricate endocrown restorations (n=7), namely, conventional composite (Filtek™ Z350 XT), bulk fill composite (Filtek™ Bulk Fill), conventional composite modeled using resin adhesives (SBMP: Scotchbond™ Multipurpose Adhesive; or SBU: Scotchbond™ Universal Adhesive), and IPS e.max lithium disilicate (Ivoclar Vivadent; positive control). Unprepared sound teeth were used as negative control. All endocrowns were bonded using a self-adhesive cement (Rely-X™ U200). The teeth were submitted to fatigue (Byocycle) and fracture (EMIC DL500) testing. Load-to-fracture (in N) and work-of-fracture (Wf, in J/m2) values were analyzed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). The endocrowns did not fracture or de-bond upon fatigue, showing similar load-to-fracture and work-of-fracture values, regardless of the restorative material (p > 0.05). The endocrowns fabricated by combining Z350 and SBMP had the least harsh fractures, in contrast to endocrowns prepared using Z350 only, which exhibited an equilibrium between repairable and irrepairable fractures. The e.max endocrowns exhibited more aggressive failures (root fracture) than other groups, resulting in higher rates of irrepairable fractures. In conclusion, dental practitioners may satisfactorily restore severely damaged nonvital teeth using the endocrown technique. Composite endocrowns prepared using resin adhesive as modeler liquid or using bulk fill material may result in less aggressive failures, thus providing a new material perspective for endocrown restorations.

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Effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on functional activity and mineralization of OD-21 and MDPC-23 cell lines

Abstract Recent studies on functional tissue regeneration have focused on substances that favor cell proliferation and differentiation, including the bioactive phenolic compounds present in grape seed extract (GSE). The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the stimulatory potential of GSE in the functional activity of undifferentiated pulp cells and odontoblast-like cells. OD-21 and MDPC-23 cell lines were cultivated in odontogenic medium until subconfluence, seeded in 24-well culture plates in a concentration of 2x104/well and divided into: 1) OD-21 without GSE; 2) OD-21+10 µg/mL of GSE; 3) MDPC-23 without GSE; 4) MDPC-23+10 µg/mL of GSE. Cell proliferation, in situ detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein content were assessed after 3, 7 and 10 days, and mineralization was evaluated after 14 days. The data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests set at a 5% level of significance. Results revealed that cell proliferation increased after 10 days, and protein content, after 7 days of culture in MDPC-23 cells. In situ ALP staining intensity was higher in undifferentiated pulp cells and odontoblast-like cells after 7 and 10 days, respectively. A discrete increase in MDPC-23 mineralization after GSE treatment was observed despite OD-21 cells presenting a decrease in mineralized nodule deposits. Data suggest that GSE favors functional activity of differentiated cells more broadly than undifferentiated cells (OD-21). More studies with different concentrations of GSE must be conducted to confirm its benefits to cells regarding dentin regeneration.

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Effect of a resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium on enamel demineralization inhibition: an in vitro study

Abstract We assessed the effect of a new coating material based on resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium (Ca) in inhibiting the demineralization of underlying and adjacent areas surrounding caries-like lesions in enamel. The measures used were surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). Thirty-six bovine enamel specimens (3 × 6 × 2 mm) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 12): No treatment (NT); resin-modified glass-ionomer with Ca (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M ESPE) (CL), and fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) (DU). The specimens were subjected to alternated immersions in demineralizing (6 h) and remineralizing solutions (18 h) for 7 days. SH measurements were conducted at standard distances of 150, 300, and 450 µm from the treatment area. CSH evaluated the mean hardness profile over the depth of the enamel surface and at standard distances from the materials. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was conducted to evaluate the demineralization bands created on the sublayer by % of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F). Ca/P weight ratio was also calculated. Based on SH and CSH measurements, there was no difference between groups at the distances 150 µm (p = 0.882), 300 µm (p = 0.995), and 450 µm (p = 0.998). Up to 50 µm depth (at 150 µm from the treatment area), CL showed better performance than DU ( p< 0.05). NT presented higher loss of Ca and P than CL and DU (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the % of F ion among the three groups. The new coating material was similar to F varnish in attenuating enamel demineralization.

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A comparative study of bulk-fill composites: degree of conversion, post-gel shrinkage and cytotoxicity

Abstract We assessed the effect of a new coating material based on resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium (Ca) in inhibiting the demineralization of underlying and adjacent areas surrounding caries-like lesions in enamel. The measures used were surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). Thirty-six bovine enamel specimens (3 × 6 × 2 mm) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 12): No treatment (NT); resin-modified glass-ionomer with Ca (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M ESPE) (CL), and fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) (DU). The specimens were subjected to alternated immersions in demineralizing (6 h) and remineralizing solutions (18 h) for 7 days. SH measurements were conducted at standard distances of 150, 300, and 450 µm from the treatment area. CSH evaluated the mean hardness profile over the depth of the enamel surface and at standard distances from the materials. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was conducted to evaluate the demineralization bands created on the sublayer by % of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F). Ca/P weight ratio was also calculated. Based on SH and CSH measurements, there was no difference between groups at the distances 150 µm (p = 0.882), 300 µm (p = 0.995), and 450 µm (p = 0.998). Up to 50 µm depth (at 150 µm from the treatment area), CL showed better performance than DU ( p< 0.05). NT presented higher loss of Ca and P than CL and DU (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the % of F ion among the three groups. The new coating material was similar to F varnish in attenuating enamel demineralization.

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Four A’S of eco-friendly dentistry

Abstract We assessed the effect of a new coating material based on resin-modified glass-ionomer with calcium (Ca) in inhibiting the demineralization of underlying and adjacent areas surrounding caries-like lesions in enamel. The measures used were surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). Thirty-six bovine enamel specimens (3 × 6 × 2 mm) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 12): No treatment (NT); resin-modified glass-ionomer with Ca (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M ESPE) (CL), and fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) (DU). The specimens were subjected to alternated immersions in demineralizing (6 h) and remineralizing solutions (18 h) for 7 days. SH measurements were conducted at standard distances of 150, 300, and 450 µm from the treatment area. CSH evaluated the mean hardness profile over the depth of the enamel surface and at standard distances from the materials. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was conducted to evaluate the demineralization bands created on the sublayer by % of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F). Ca/P weight ratio was also calculated. Based on SH and CSH measurements, there was no difference between groups at the distances 150 µm (p = 0.882), 300 µm (p = 0.995), and 450 µm (p = 0.998). Up to 50 µm depth (at 150 µm from the treatment area), CL showed better performance than DU ( p< 0.05). NT presented higher loss of Ca and P than CL and DU (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the % of F ion among the three groups. The new coating material was similar to F varnish in attenuating enamel demineralization.

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Society Page

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Table of Contents

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Information for Readers

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Society Page

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Table of Contents

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Information for Readers

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From Launch To IPO In 13 Months: Gossamer Bio ’s CEO Says She’s Running The Company Of Her Dreams

Immunology-focused biotech startup Gossamer Bio has its market debut, with a lead drug candidate targeting moderate-to-severe asthma. (Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

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China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV

China is investigating a manufacturer of medical products following reports that it sold human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection that had possibly been contaminated with HIV, though authorities said tests found no sign of the virus.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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From Launch To IPO In 13 Months: Gossamer Bio ’s CEO Says She’s Running The Company Of Her Dreams

Immunology-focused biotech startup Gossamer Bio has its market debut, with a lead drug candidate targeting moderate-to-severe asthma. (Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

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China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV

China is investigating a manufacturer of medical products following reports that it sold human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection that had possibly been contaminated with HIV, though authorities said tests found no sign of the virus.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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Nasal soft tissue changes after two different approaches for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion

The aim of the study was to evaluate the nasal soft tissue changes in patients who underwent surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using two different surgical approaches. Thirty-two patients were included in the study, and divided into two groups according to the type of surgical approach: in group A (n=17), SARME performed with standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with alar base cinch and anterior nasal spine (ANS) exposure; and in group B (n=15) operations were performed with the same standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with only alar base cinch. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Learning condyle repositioning during orthognathic surgery with a surgical navigation system

Condyle repositioning during bilateral sagittal splint osteotomy (BSSO) is a challenging step for the inexperienced surgeon. We aimed to demonstrate the benefit of navigation for learning the condyle repositioning. We treated 100 patients who underwent a BSSO. A trainee performed the condyle repositioning of one side in two phases. In the first one, the trainee positioned without watching the screen of the Orthopilot Navigation system (ONS). In the second one, the trainee could use the ONS to replace the condyle. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Management of velopharyngeal insufficiency by modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap: a retrospective outcome review

The surgical approach for the correction of residual velopharyngeal insufficiency requiring secondary surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital is the modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap (mFP-PF). The aim of this study was to describe the mFP-PF technique and to determine the results obtained with regard to improvements in velopharyngeal function in patients undergoing this surgery. This retrospective analysis included 58 non-syndromic patients treated during the period 1992 –2015 who complained of hypernasal speech after primary cleft palate repair and failed postoperative speech therapy. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Three-dimensional skeletal changes after early proportional condylectomy for condylar hyperplasia

The purpose of this study was to evaluate volumetric and dentoskeletal changes in 21 patients with active unilateral condylar hyperplasia (AUCH) after proportional condylectomy. A split-mouth design was used: control group healthy joints (HS, healthy side) and test group affected joints (AS, affected side) (21 per group). Cone beam tomography scans were obtained at T0 (preoperative), T1 (10days after the intervention), and T2 (approximately 12 months post-surgery). The condylar unit volume (CUV), articular cavity volume (ACV), and dentoalveolar units (DAUs) were measured. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Nasal soft tissue changes after two different approaches for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion

The aim of the study was to evaluate the nasal soft tissue changes in patients who underwent surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using two different surgical approaches. Thirty-two patients were included in the study, and divided into two groups according to the type of surgical approach: in group A (n=17), SARME performed with standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with alar base cinch and anterior nasal spine (ANS) exposure; and in group B (n=15) operations were performed with the same standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with only alar base cinch. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Learning condyle repositioning during orthognathic surgery with a surgical navigation system

Condyle repositioning during bilateral sagittal splint osteotomy (BSSO) is a challenging step for the inexperienced surgeon. We aimed to demonstrate the benefit of navigation for learning the condyle repositioning. We treated 100 patients who underwent a BSSO. A trainee performed the condyle repositioning of one side in two phases. In the first one, the trainee positioned without watching the screen of the Orthopilot Navigation system (ONS). In the second one, the trainee could use the ONS to replace the condyle. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Management of velopharyngeal insufficiency by modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap: a retrospective outcome review

The surgical approach for the correction of residual velopharyngeal insufficiency requiring secondary surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital is the modified Furlow palatoplasty with pharyngeal flap (mFP-PF). The aim of this study was to describe the mFP-PF technique and to determine the results obtained with regard to improvements in velopharyngeal function in patients undergoing this surgery. This retrospective analysis included 58 non-syndromic patients treated during the period 1992 –2015 who complained of hypernasal speech after primary cleft palate repair and failed postoperative speech therapy. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Three-dimensional skeletal changes after early proportional condylectomy for condylar hyperplasia

The purpose of this study was to evaluate volumetric and dentoskeletal changes in 21 patients with active unilateral condylar hyperplasia (AUCH) after proportional condylectomy. A split-mouth design was used: control group healthy joints (HS, healthy side) and test group affected joints (AS, affected side) (21 per group). Cone beam tomography scans were obtained at T0 (preoperative), T1 (10days after the intervention), and T2 (approximately 12 months post-surgery). The condylar unit volume (CUV), articular cavity volume (ACV), and dentoalveolar units (DAUs) were measured. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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The clinical relevance of molecular diagnosis in children allergic to grass pollen and treated with allergen immunotherapy.

Authors: Barberi S, Traina G, Landi M, De Castro G, Peroni D, Licari A, Marseglia G, Ciprandi G PMID: 30738628 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia)

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The clinical relevance of molecular diagnosis in children allergic to grass pollen and treated with allergen immunotherapy.

Authors: Barberi S, Traina G, Landi M, De Castro G, Peroni D, Licari A, Marseglia G, Ciprandi G PMID: 30738628 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia)

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China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV

China is investigating a manufacturer of medical products following reports that it sold human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection that had possibly been contaminated with HIV, though authorities said tests found no sign of the virus.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV China Says Tests of Possibly Tainted Medical Product Show No HIV

China is investigating a manufacturer of medical products following reports that it sold human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection that had possibly been contaminated with HIV, though authorities said tests found no sign of the virus.Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines)

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Broad Immunglobulin G Repertoire in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps regulates pro-inflammatory IgE responses

Capsule Summary (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Can f 5 as a suitable marker of dog allergy: Assess male dog exposure before banning it

We read with interest the excellent article by K äck et al1 focusing on the role of different dog allergens in inducing nasal symptoms as assessed by nasal provocation tests (NPTs). It is well known that a significant percentage of individuals sensitized to dog allergens by skin prick tests do not develop overt respiratory symptoms (asthma and/o r rhinitis) after direct dog exposure. For this reason, NPTs can be regarded as the "criterion standard" to clarify whether a sensitization to dog allergens can be regarded clinically relevant. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Reply

We have with great interest read the comment from Liccardi et  al1 on our article recently published in the Journal.2 We share the opinion that the male dog allergen Can f 5 is an intriguing molecule that deserves further investigation. Sensitization to Can f 5 has in several studies been shown to play a role in respiratory allergy and it is known that monose nsitization to Can f 5 occurs in a considerable proportion of dog dander–sensitized individuals. In the current study of dog dander–sensitized children we found that monosensitization to Can f 5 was associated with a negative nasal provocation test (NPT) result with dog dander extract (odds rati o, 5.78; 95% CI, 1.01-33.0). (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Factors influencing Skin Prick Test Positivity in an Inner-City Pediatric Cohort (2013-2016)

This study examined the influence of adiposity and other factors on skin prick test (SPT) reactivity amongst inner-city children. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Flagellin Induces Pro-inflammatory Cytokines, Chemokines and Metalloproteinases In Bronchial Epithelial Cells.

Flagellin which is abundant in gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas is reported to be related with development of asthma. However, its effect on airway epithelial cells regarding asthma pathogenesis is not elucidated yet. We investigated the effect of flagellin on the production of cytokines, chemokines and metalloproteinase related with airway inflammation and remodeling in the primary human epithelial cells. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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IL-33 Plays a Key Role in Development of Antigen-specific Th2 Cells in Lung Tissues

Th2-type CD4+ T cells play important roles in allergic immune responses. The goal of this study was to investigate the immunologic mechanisms involved in development of Th2 cells to inhaled antigens by focusing on lung tissues. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Vocal Cord Dysfunction in Patients with Predominant Upper Airway Symptoms

Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), a functional disorder characterized by abnormal and involuntary adduction of the vocal folds, can mimic asthma or other respiratory disorders. We analyzed a subset of VCD patients that presented with predominantly upper airway symptoms and were misdiagnosed as anaphylaxis. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Perceived food allergy, sensitivity, or intolerance and its impact on breastfeeding practices

The impact of suspected allergic disease on breastfeeding duration is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of reported infant adverse reactions to food with breastfeeding duration, and the impact of infant age and specific symptoms on this relationship. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Impact of Omalizumab Treatment Withdrawal After 24 and 48 Weeks in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria: Results From the XTEND-CIU Study

Omalizumab significantly reduces the frequency/severity of CIU symptoms. However, as 24 weeks represents the longest treatment period in pivotal trials, uncertainty exists regarding optimal treatment duration and clinical worsening predictors following cessation. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis and Severe Systemic Eosinophilia Due to a Novel PIK3CD mutation

We present a patient with a de novo coding variant and unexpected phenotype. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Decreased monocytic TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-b after 72 hours of injury lead to positive outcome in severely injured trauma patients

Trauma is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide with infections as important causes of death. Therefore, the present study was designed to monitor the peripheral blood monocytic activity to produce cytokines (TNF- α, IL-6& IL-1 β) during the acute post-traumatic period and to correlate with clinical outcome of these patients. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Change in Peanut Skin Prick Testing Over Time in Infants at Risk for Food Allergy Who Continue to Avoid Peanut

Current guidelines recommend early peanut introduction to all infants, with physician supervised introduction for those with skin prick test (SPT) 3-8mm. Many of these infants will have supervised introduction deferred to a subsequent visit and some never return for follow-up. It is currently unknown if and how peanut SPT results change over time in infants. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Sr7h02

Staphylococcus Aureus Induces IL-33, TSLP, and Muc5AC production by AERD Nasal Epithelium

Although Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), causative role and mechanism of MRSA leading to chronic inflammation seen in CRS has yet to be elucidated. Nasal epithelium provides the first line of defense in differentiating pathogenic from commensal bacteria. Increased permeability of nasal epithelium, decreased antimicrobial production and impaired mucociliary clearance are features of CRS. Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma (Reg3g) is a C-type lectin with antimicrobial activity against MRSA. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DxtDCq

An Intramural Review to Support Research and Scientific Publication

Academic careers drive science through accurate and effective written communication of novel ideas and research findings. Publishing in high impact journals is one of the foundations for success. However, effective, scientific writing skills are rarely taught. IMpact | An Intramural Review to Support Research and Scientific Publication is designed to provide support for scholarly writing at the University of South Florida (USF), a concept introduced by the USF Division of Allergy and Immunology. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqSySB

The NMR structure and IgE Epitopes of Ara h 1 Leader Sequence

The vicilins from peanut, walnut, cashew and pistachio are considered major allergens and are translated with leader sequences (LS) that are cleaved before yielding the mature protein. While previous work has shown that some contain immunodominant IgE epitopes, their structure has not been solved. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dub8ij

Incidence of Hypersensitivity to Cetuximab

Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody to epidermal growth factor receptor primarily used as adjunctive treatment of metastatic cancers. Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, and especially in the southeastern part of the United States, are one of the most well-known adverse effects of cetuximab. The aim of this meta-analysis is to gain better insight into the overall incidence of cetuximab-induced hypersensitivity reactions. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Stsiak

Clinical features of an FPIES cohort

This case series characterizes clinical features of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), a non-IgE-mediated food allergy that is often under-recognized. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DyErAk

Negligible Impact of Age, Sex, and Type of Allergen on Oral Food Challenge Passage Rate

The decision to proceed with an oral food challenge (OFC) to rule out IgE-mediated food allergy can be complex. While the patient 's medical history and family's preferences are important, information concerning passage rates among different allergens and ages may be helpful in guiding decision making. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2So82Xs

Evaluating Smartphone and Internet Access and Attitudes Towards Using Asthma Mobile Applications:A Qualitative Study Conducted in Gujarat, India

Approximately 10% of the world 's asthma sufferers live in India, and asthma is widely underdiagnosed in this country. Within a growing digital health market in India, smartphone and internet-based apps can help with asthma self-management. Few studies have reported smartphone and internet access among asthma sufferers in India , and there is a lack of data regarding patient attitudes towards patient-facing asthma self-management apps. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dt5rRY

Diagnosing children with mast cell activation (MCAS) with adult diagnostic criteria

Diagnostic criteria have been established to diagnose MCAS in adults, however, the guidelines for children are unclear. Here we present a case series of children who presented to our multi-disciplinary, allergy/gastroenterology (GI) clinic with symptoms suggestive of MCAS who were found to have laboratory evidence of mast cell activation. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqH5CI

Broad Immunglobulin G Repertoire in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps regulates pro-inflammatory IgE responses

Capsule Summary (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dvftlq

Can f 5 as a suitable marker of dog allergy: Assess male dog exposure before banning it

We read with interest the excellent article by K äck et al1 focusing on the role of different dog allergens in inducing nasal symptoms as assessed by nasal provocation tests (NPTs). It is well known that a significant percentage of individuals sensitized to dog allergens by skin prick tests do not develop overt respiratory symptoms (asthma and/o r rhinitis) after direct dog exposure. For this reason, NPTs can be regarded as the "criterion standard" to clarify whether a sensitization to dog allergens can be regarded clinically relevant. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Reply

We have with great interest read the comment from Liccardi et  al1 on our article recently published in the Journal.2 We share the opinion that the male dog allergen Can f 5 is an intriguing molecule that deserves further investigation. Sensitization to Can f 5 has in several studies been shown to play a role in respiratory allergy and it is known that monose nsitization to Can f 5 occurs in a considerable proportion of dog dander–sensitized individuals. In the current study of dog dander–sensitized children we found that monosensitization to Can f 5 was associated with a negative nasal provocation test (NPT) result with dog dander extract (odds rati o, 5.78; 95% CI, 1.01-33.0). (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Factors influencing Skin Prick Test Positivity in an Inner-City Pediatric Cohort (2013-2016)

This study examined the influence of adiposity and other factors on skin prick test (SPT) reactivity amongst inner-city children. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Flagellin Induces Pro-inflammatory Cytokines, Chemokines and Metalloproteinases In Bronchial Epithelial Cells.

Flagellin which is abundant in gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas is reported to be related with development of asthma. However, its effect on airway epithelial cells regarding asthma pathogenesis is not elucidated yet. We investigated the effect of flagellin on the production of cytokines, chemokines and metalloproteinase related with airway inflammation and remodeling in the primary human epithelial cells. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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IL-33 Plays a Key Role in Development of Antigen-specific Th2 Cells in Lung Tissues

Th2-type CD4+ T cells play important roles in allergic immune responses. The goal of this study was to investigate the immunologic mechanisms involved in development of Th2 cells to inhaled antigens by focusing on lung tissues. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Sr7i46

Vocal Cord Dysfunction in Patients with Predominant Upper Airway Symptoms

Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), a functional disorder characterized by abnormal and involuntary adduction of the vocal folds, can mimic asthma or other respiratory disorders. We analyzed a subset of VCD patients that presented with predominantly upper airway symptoms and were misdiagnosed as anaphylaxis. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Du188V

Perceived food allergy, sensitivity, or intolerance and its impact on breastfeeding practices

The impact of suspected allergic disease on breastfeeding duration is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of reported infant adverse reactions to food with breastfeeding duration, and the impact of infant age and specific symptoms on this relationship. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

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Impact of Omalizumab Treatment Withdrawal After 24 and 48 Weeks in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria: Results From the XTEND-CIU Study

Omalizumab significantly reduces the frequency/severity of CIU symptoms. However, as 24 weeks represents the longest treatment period in pivotal trials, uncertainty exists regarding optimal treatment duration and clinical worsening predictors following cessation. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Du149b

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis and Severe Systemic Eosinophilia Due to a Novel PIK3CD mutation

We present a patient with a de novo coding variant and unexpected phenotype. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqH8hS

Decreased monocytic TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-b after 72 hours of injury lead to positive outcome in severely injured trauma patients

Trauma is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide with infections as important causes of death. Therefore, the present study was designed to monitor the peripheral blood monocytic activity to produce cytokines (TNF- α, IL-6& IL-1 β) during the acute post-traumatic period and to correlate with clinical outcome of these patients. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DsSreZ

Change in Peanut Skin Prick Testing Over Time in Infants at Risk for Food Allergy Who Continue to Avoid Peanut

Current guidelines recommend early peanut introduction to all infants, with physician supervised introduction for those with skin prick test (SPT) 3-8mm. Many of these infants will have supervised introduction deferred to a subsequent visit and some never return for follow-up. It is currently unknown if and how peanut SPT results change over time in infants. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Sr7h02

Staphylococcus Aureus Induces IL-33, TSLP, and Muc5AC production by AERD Nasal Epithelium

Although Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), causative role and mechanism of MRSA leading to chronic inflammation seen in CRS has yet to be elucidated. Nasal epithelium provides the first line of defense in differentiating pathogenic from commensal bacteria. Increased permeability of nasal epithelium, decreased antimicrobial production and impaired mucociliary clearance are features of CRS. Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma (Reg3g) is a C-type lectin with antimicrobial activity against MRSA. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DxtDCq

An Intramural Review to Support Research and Scientific Publication

Academic careers drive science through accurate and effective written communication of novel ideas and research findings. Publishing in high impact journals is one of the foundations for success. However, effective, scientific writing skills are rarely taught. IMpact | An Intramural Review to Support Research and Scientific Publication is designed to provide support for scholarly writing at the University of South Florida (USF), a concept introduced by the USF Division of Allergy and Immunology. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqSySB

The NMR structure and IgE Epitopes of Ara h 1 Leader Sequence

The vicilins from peanut, walnut, cashew and pistachio are considered major allergens and are translated with leader sequences (LS) that are cleaved before yielding the mature protein. While previous work has shown that some contain immunodominant IgE epitopes, their structure has not been solved. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dub8ij

Incidence of Hypersensitivity to Cetuximab

Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody to epidermal growth factor receptor primarily used as adjunctive treatment of metastatic cancers. Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, and especially in the southeastern part of the United States, are one of the most well-known adverse effects of cetuximab. The aim of this meta-analysis is to gain better insight into the overall incidence of cetuximab-induced hypersensitivity reactions. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Stsiak

Clinical features of an FPIES cohort

This case series characterizes clinical features of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), a non-IgE-mediated food allergy that is often under-recognized. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DyErAk

Negligible Impact of Age, Sex, and Type of Allergen on Oral Food Challenge Passage Rate

The decision to proceed with an oral food challenge (OFC) to rule out IgE-mediated food allergy can be complex. While the patient 's medical history and family's preferences are important, information concerning passage rates among different allergens and ages may be helpful in guiding decision making. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2So82Xs

Evaluating Smartphone and Internet Access and Attitudes Towards Using Asthma Mobile Applications:A Qualitative Study Conducted in Gujarat, India

Approximately 10% of the world 's asthma sufferers live in India, and asthma is widely underdiagnosed in this country. Within a growing digital health market in India, smartphone and internet-based apps can help with asthma self-management. Few studies have reported smartphone and internet access among asthma sufferers in India , and there is a lack of data regarding patient attitudes towards patient-facing asthma self-management apps. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dt5rRY

Diagnosing children with mast cell activation (MCAS) with adult diagnostic criteria

Diagnostic criteria have been established to diagnose MCAS in adults, however, the guidelines for children are unclear. Here we present a case series of children who presented to our multi-disciplinary, allergy/gastroenterology (GI) clinic with symptoms suggestive of MCAS who were found to have laboratory evidence of mast cell activation. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqH5CI

Nasal soft tissue changes after two different approaches for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion

The aim of the study was to evaluate the nasal soft tissue changes in patients who underwent surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using two different surgical approaches. Thirty-two patients were included in the study, and divided into two groups according to the type of surgical approach: in group A (n=17), SARME performed with standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with alar base cinch and anterior nasal spine (ANS) exposure; and in group B (n=15) operations were performed with the same standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with only alar base cinch.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SMmEiI

Nasal soft tissue changes after two different approaches for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion

The aim of the study was to evaluate the nasal soft tissue changes in patients who underwent surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using two different surgical approaches. Thirty-two patients were included in the study, and divided into two groups according to the type of surgical approach: in group A (n=17), SARME performed with standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with alar base cinch and anterior nasal spine (ANS) exposure; and in group B (n=15) operations were performed with the same standard Le Fort I circumvestibular approach with only alar base cinch.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SMmEiI

Broad Immunglobulin G Repertoire in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps regulates pro-inflammatory IgE responses

Capsule Summary

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2MYNfUq

Mouse Allergen Levels in Schools in Two Inner City Asthma Studies: Past versus Present

Higher mouse allergen levels in classrooms have been associated with increased asthma symptoms in students. This was demonstrated in a 5-year observational asthma school study. Two years after the conclusion of the study, a second asthma school study was launched in the same geographic area. We hypothesized that mouse allergen levels may have reduced between the 2 studies due to schools' self-motivation and improved pest reduction strategies.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SM7iuE

Broad Immunglobulin G Repertoire in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps regulates pro-inflammatory IgE responses

Capsule Summary

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2MYNfUq

Mouse Allergen Levels in Schools in Two Inner City Asthma Studies: Past versus Present

Higher mouse allergen levels in classrooms have been associated with increased asthma symptoms in students. This was demonstrated in a 5-year observational asthma school study. Two years after the conclusion of the study, a second asthma school study was launched in the same geographic area. We hypothesized that mouse allergen levels may have reduced between the 2 studies due to schools' self-motivation and improved pest reduction strategies.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SM7iuE

Feasibility of transnasal flexible carbon dioxide laser surgery for laryngopharyngeal lesions

The fiber-guided carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is a useful device for laryngopharyngeal surgery. The flexible CO2 wave-guide laser has been developed and commercially available for several years. However, the transnasal use of CO2 flexible wave-guided laser surgery through the instrument channel of a flexible endoscope (CO2 TNFLS) is not permitted in Japan. This feasibility study aimed to assess the value and the safety of an in-office CO2 TNFLS procedure.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2TIH7lN

Sialendoscopy plus laser lithotripsy in sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland in 64 patients: A simple and safe procedure

To demonstrate the safety and efficiency of holmium laser-assisted lithotripsy during sialendoscopy of the submandibular gland using a retrospective, interventional consecutive case series.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Bw1tHY

Feasibility of transnasal flexible carbon dioxide laser surgery for laryngopharyngeal lesions

The fiber-guided carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is a useful device for laryngopharyngeal surgery. The flexible CO2 wave-guide laser has been developed and commercially available for several years. However, the transnasal use of CO2 flexible wave-guided laser surgery through the instrument channel of a flexible endoscope (CO2 TNFLS) is not permitted in Japan. This feasibility study aimed to assess the value and the safety of an in-office CO2 TNFLS procedure.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2TIH7lN

Sialendoscopy plus laser lithotripsy in sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland in 64 patients: A simple and safe procedure

To demonstrate the safety and efficiency of holmium laser-assisted lithotripsy during sialendoscopy of the submandibular gland using a retrospective, interventional consecutive case series.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Bw1tHY

Optimising Radiation Therapy Dose to the Swallowing Organs at Risk: An In Silico Study of feasibility for Patients with Oropharyngeal Tumours

This study found reducing dose to the SWOARs is a feasible practice for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. However, future prospective research is needed to determine if the extent of dose reduction achieved equates to clinical benefits. (Source: Dysphagia)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SoHwxf

Optimising Radiation Therapy Dose to the Swallowing Organs at Risk: An In Silico Study of feasibility for Patients with Oropharyngeal Tumours

This study found reducing dose to the SWOARs is a feasible practice for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. However, future prospective research is needed to determine if the extent of dose reduction achieved equates to clinical benefits. (Source: Dysphagia)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SoHwxf

Comparative Study of Nipple–Areola Complex Position and Patient Satisfaction After Unilateral Mastectomy and Immediate Expander–Implant Reconstruction Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy Versus Skin-Sparing Mastectomy

Abstract

Background

Major surgical concerns associated with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are partial or total nipple–areola complex (NAC) loss, decreased sensation, and nipple malposition. Patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes including malposition in patients who have undergone unilateral expander–implant reconstruction after NSM as compared with skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes of breast cancer patients who underwent spared or reconstructed NAC after unilateral NSM as compared with unilateral SSM.

Methods

Patients who underwent immediate expander–implant breast reconstruction following unilateral NSM or SSM were included. Medical records of patients from April 2010 to February 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Reconstruction-related complications such as infection, seroma, haematoma, delayed wound healing, and reconstruction failure were recorded. NAC outcome analysis was performed using preoperative and postoperative digital photographs for each patient. Patient satisfaction with the reconstructed breast and NAC was assessed using a study-specific questionnaire.

Results

Delayed wound healing occurred in 18 of 55 NSM patients and 15 of 85 SSM patients (p = 0.040). Final reconstruction failure occurred in 0 NSM patients and 6 SSM patients (p = 0.043). The mean photography analysis score of total aesthetic outcome was 13.12 ± 2.39 in the NSM group and 14.06 ± 2.75 in the SSM group (p = 0.052). The mean questionnaire score of NAC position was 2.88 ± 0.85 in the NSM group and 3.80 ± 0.84 in the SSM group (p = 0.001). The mean questionnaire score of NAC sensitivity was 2.12 ± 0.58 in the NSM group and 1.84 ± 0.46 in the SSM group (p = 0.003). Satisfaction with the reconstructed breast was similar (p = 0.913) after NSM and SSM.

Conclusions

We observed no significant difference in breast reconstruction satisfaction between the NSM and SSM groups. Although overall satisfaction with breast reconstruction is high, patients in the NSM group often report dissatisfaction with nipple position. With a favourable score for NAC position, skin-sparing mastectomy followed by NAC reconstruction can be considered as a balanced alternative to NSM for properly selected patients with breast cancer.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2tfMVHX

Comparative Study of Nipple–Areola Complex Position and Patient Satisfaction After Unilateral Mastectomy and Immediate Expander–Implant Reconstruction Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy Versus Skin-Sparing Mastectomy

Abstract

Background

Major surgical concerns associated with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are partial or total nipple–areola complex (NAC) loss, decreased sensation, and nipple malposition. Patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes including malposition in patients who have undergone unilateral expander–implant reconstruction after NSM as compared with skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes of breast cancer patients who underwent spared or reconstructed NAC after unilateral NSM as compared with unilateral SSM.

Methods

Patients who underwent immediate expander–implant breast reconstruction following unilateral NSM or SSM were included. Medical records of patients from April 2010 to February 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Reconstruction-related complications such as infection, seroma, haematoma, delayed wound healing, and reconstruction failure were recorded. NAC outcome analysis was performed using preoperative and postoperative digital photographs for each patient. Patient satisfaction with the reconstructed breast and NAC was assessed using a study-specific questionnaire.

Results

Delayed wound healing occurred in 18 of 55 NSM patients and 15 of 85 SSM patients (p = 0.040). Final reconstruction failure occurred in 0 NSM patients and 6 SSM patients (p = 0.043). The mean photography analysis score of total aesthetic outcome was 13.12 ± 2.39 in the NSM group and 14.06 ± 2.75 in the SSM group (p = 0.052). The mean questionnaire score of NAC position was 2.88 ± 0.85 in the NSM group and 3.80 ± 0.84 in the SSM group (p = 0.001). The mean questionnaire score of NAC sensitivity was 2.12 ± 0.58 in the NSM group and 1.84 ± 0.46 in the SSM group (p = 0.003). Satisfaction with the reconstructed breast was similar (p = 0.913) after NSM and SSM.

Conclusions

We observed no significant difference in breast reconstruction satisfaction between the NSM and SSM groups. Although overall satisfaction with breast reconstruction is high, patients in the NSM group often report dissatisfaction with nipple position. With a favourable score for NAC position, skin-sparing mastectomy followed by NAC reconstruction can be considered as a balanced alternative to NSM for properly selected patients with breast cancer.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2tfMVHX

Orofacial myofunctional evaluation in cleft lip and palate: an integrative literature review

Conclusion: speech was the prevalent theme, while other orofacial functions were poorly investigated, demonstrating that studies with other approaches were lacking.RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o enfoque das publica ções científicas na área de motricidade orofacial em indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina, bem como os protocolos validados utilizados na avaliação fonoaudiológica. Métodos: estudo realizado a partir das bases de dados: Medline, Scielo, Lilacs e ferramenta Google Acadêmico, por meio dos d escritores: fissura palatina + fenda labial + avaliação + fonoaudiologia + sistema estomatognático + fala + mastigação + respiração + estudos de validação, em português e inglês. Resultados: foram selecionados 572 artigos, no período de 2012 e 2017, que abordassem a avalia...

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SqHGEj

Relationship between dizziness and learning difficulties in schoolchildren: an integrative review

Conclusion: the results of this integrative review showed a low level of scientific evidence on the relationship between dizziness and academic achievement in childhood. It is important to emphasize the importance of improving study design to better understand their relationship, to allow provision of the best preventive, assessment, and intervention methods.RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o n ível de evidência científica da relação entre a tontura e a aprendizagem em crianças. Métodos: a pesquisa foi realizada a partir dos seguintes descritores: " dizziness " , " vertigo " , " child " , " learning " , " spelling " , " learning skills " , " academic skills " , " reading " e seus correspondentes em l íngua portuguesa entre as bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Dwnqa8

Optimising Radiation Therapy Dose to the Swallowing Organs at Risk: An In Silico Study of feasibility for Patients with Oropharyngeal Tumours

This study found reducing dose to the SWOARs is a feasible practice for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. However, future prospective research is needed to determine if the extent of dose reduction achieved equates to clinical benefits. (Source: Dysphagia)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SoHwxf

The Lombard effect associated with Chinese male alaryngeal speech

. (Source: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DuHoSI

Enhanced milieu teaching for children with autism spectrum disorder in South Africa

. (Source: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Su6Wtt

Orofacial myofunctional evaluation in cleft lip and palate: an integrative literature review

Conclusion: speech was the prevalent theme, while other orofacial functions were poorly investigated, demonstrating that studies with other approaches were lacking.RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o enfoque das publica ções científicas na área de motricidade orofacial em indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina, bem como os protocolos validados utilizados na avaliação fonoaudiológica. Métodos: estudo realizado a partir das bases de dados: Medline, Scielo, Lilacs e ferramenta Google Acadêmico, por meio dos d escritores: fissura palatina + fenda labial + avaliação + fonoaudiologia + sistema estomatognático + fala + mastigação + respiração + estudos de validação, em português e inglês. Resultados: foram selecionados 572 artigos, no período de 2012 e 2017, que abordassem a avalia...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

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Relationship between dizziness and learning difficulties in schoolchildren: an integrative review

Conclusion: the results of this integrative review showed a low level of scientific evidence on the relationship between dizziness and academic achievement in childhood. It is important to emphasize the importance of improving study design to better understand their relationship, to allow provision of the best preventive, assessment, and intervention methods.RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o n ível de evidência científica da relação entre a tontura e a aprendizagem em crianças. Métodos: a pesquisa foi realizada a partir dos seguintes descritores: " dizziness " , " vertigo " , " child " , " learning " , " spelling " , " learning skills " , " academic skills " , " reading " e seus correspondentes em l íngua portuguesa entre as bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo...

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Optimising Radiation Therapy Dose to the Swallowing Organs at Risk: An In Silico Study of feasibility for Patients with Oropharyngeal Tumours

This study found reducing dose to the SWOARs is a feasible practice for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. However, future prospective research is needed to determine if the extent of dose reduction achieved equates to clinical benefits. (Source: Dysphagia)

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The Lombard effect associated with Chinese male alaryngeal speech

. (Source: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

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Enhanced milieu teaching for children with autism spectrum disorder in South Africa

. (Source: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

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Comparative Study of Nipple–Areola Complex Position and Patient Satisfaction After Unilateral Mastectomy and Immediate Expander–Implant Reconstruction Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy Versus Skin-Sparing Mastectomy

Abstract

Background

Major surgical concerns associated with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are partial or total nipple–areola complex (NAC) loss, decreased sensation, and nipple malposition. Patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes including malposition in patients who have undergone unilateral expander–implant reconstruction after NSM as compared with skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes of breast cancer patients who underwent spared or reconstructed NAC after unilateral NSM as compared with unilateral SSM.

Methods

Patients who underwent immediate expander–implant breast reconstruction following unilateral NSM or SSM were included. Medical records of patients from April 2010 to February 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Reconstruction-related complications such as infection, seroma, haematoma, delayed wound healing, and reconstruction failure were recorded. NAC outcome analysis was performed using preoperative and postoperative digital photographs for each patient. Patient satisfaction with the reconstructed breast and NAC was assessed using a study-specific questionnaire.

Results

Delayed wound healing occurred in 18 of 55 NSM patients and 15 of 85 SSM patients (p = 0.040). Final reconstruction failure occurred in 0 NSM patients and 6 SSM patients (p = 0.043). The mean photography analysis score of total aesthetic outcome was 13.12 ± 2.39 in the NSM group and 14.06 ± 2.75 in the SSM group (p = 0.052). The mean questionnaire score of NAC position was 2.88 ± 0.85 in the NSM group and 3.80 ± 0.84 in the SSM group (p = 0.001). The mean questionnaire score of NAC sensitivity was 2.12 ± 0.58 in the NSM group and 1.84 ± 0.46 in the SSM group (p = 0.003). Satisfaction with the reconstructed breast was similar (p = 0.913) after NSM and SSM.

Conclusions

We observed no significant difference in breast reconstruction satisfaction between the NSM and SSM groups. Although overall satisfaction with breast reconstruction is high, patients in the NSM group often report dissatisfaction with nipple position. With a favourable score for NAC position, skin-sparing mastectomy followed by NAC reconstruction can be considered as a balanced alternative to NSM for properly selected patients with breast cancer.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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Comparative Study of Nipple–Areola Complex Position and Patient Satisfaction After Unilateral Mastectomy and Immediate Expander–Implant Reconstruction Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy Versus Skin-Sparing Mastectomy

Abstract

Background

Major surgical concerns associated with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are partial or total nipple–areola complex (NAC) loss, decreased sensation, and nipple malposition. Patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes including malposition in patients who have undergone unilateral expander–implant reconstruction after NSM as compared with skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and NAC outcomes of breast cancer patients who underwent spared or reconstructed NAC after unilateral NSM as compared with unilateral SSM.

Methods

Patients who underwent immediate expander–implant breast reconstruction following unilateral NSM or SSM were included. Medical records of patients from April 2010 to February 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Reconstruction-related complications such as infection, seroma, haematoma, delayed wound healing, and reconstruction failure were recorded. NAC outcome analysis was performed using preoperative and postoperative digital photographs for each patient. Patient satisfaction with the reconstructed breast and NAC was assessed using a study-specific questionnaire.

Results

Delayed wound healing occurred in 18 of 55 NSM patients and 15 of 85 SSM patients (p = 0.040). Final reconstruction failure occurred in 0 NSM patients and 6 SSM patients (p = 0.043). The mean photography analysis score of total aesthetic outcome was 13.12 ± 2.39 in the NSM group and 14.06 ± 2.75 in the SSM group (p = 0.052). The mean questionnaire score of NAC position was 2.88 ± 0.85 in the NSM group and 3.80 ± 0.84 in the SSM group (p = 0.001). The mean questionnaire score of NAC sensitivity was 2.12 ± 0.58 in the NSM group and 1.84 ± 0.46 in the SSM group (p = 0.003). Satisfaction with the reconstructed breast was similar (p = 0.913) after NSM and SSM.

Conclusions

We observed no significant difference in breast reconstruction satisfaction between the NSM and SSM groups. Although overall satisfaction with breast reconstruction is high, patients in the NSM group often report dissatisfaction with nipple position. With a favourable score for NAC position, skin-sparing mastectomy followed by NAC reconstruction can be considered as a balanced alternative to NSM for properly selected patients with breast cancer.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2tfMVHX