This study showed that neural envelope tracking increased with increasing speech understanding in every participant. Furthermore behaviorally measured speech understanding was correlated with participant-specific neural envelope tracking results indicating the potential of neural envelope tracking as an objective measure of speech understanding in CI users. This could enable objective and automatic fitting of CIs and pave the way towards closed-loop CIs that adjust continuously and automatically to individual CI users. PMID: 30580236 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Hearing Research)
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Δευτέρα 24 Δεκεμβρίου 2018
Neural envelope tracking as a measure of speech understanding in cochlear implant users.
p27Kip1 down-regulation as achieved by two clinically feasible means did not induce proliferation of supporting cells in the rat neonatal cochlea in vivo.
This study explores the ability of p27Kip1 messenger knockdown and pharmacological transcriptional inhibition to induce proliferation of supporting cells in the P0 neonatal rat cochlea in vivo. Respectively, lentiviral vectors transducing shRNA against p27Kip1 were administered into the scala media or Alsterpaullone 2-Cyanoethyl into the round window niche. Cell markers and gene expression were assessed through immunostaining and qRT-PCR. Despite both methods significantly decreasing p27Kip1 expression in vivo, signs of toxicity in the organ of Corti were not found; however, relevant proliferation was not found either. Finally, cochlear damage was added to increase the response in vitro, achieving only a mild to moderate proliferation induction. We conclude that our approaches were not ...
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Neural envelope tracking as a measure of speech understanding in cochlear implant users.
This study showed that neural envelope tracking increased with increasing speech understanding in every participant. Furthermore behaviorally measured speech understanding was correlated with participant-specific neural envelope tracking results indicating the potential of neural envelope tracking as an objective measure of speech understanding in CI users. This could enable objective and automatic fitting of CIs and pave the way towards closed-loop CIs that adjust continuously and automatically to individual CI users. PMID: 30580236 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Hearing Research)
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p27Kip1 down-regulation as achieved by two clinically feasible means did not induce proliferation of supporting cells in the rat neonatal cochlea in vivo.
This study explores the ability of p27Kip1 messenger knockdown and pharmacological transcriptional inhibition to induce proliferation of supporting cells in the P0 neonatal rat cochlea in vivo. Respectively, lentiviral vectors transducing shRNA against p27Kip1 were administered into the scala media or Alsterpaullone 2-Cyanoethyl into the round window niche. Cell markers and gene expression were assessed through immunostaining and qRT-PCR. Despite both methods significantly decreasing p27Kip1 expression in vivo, signs of toxicity in the organ of Corti were not found; however, relevant proliferation was not found either. Finally, cochlear damage was added to increase the response in vitro, achieving only a mild to moderate proliferation induction. We conclude that our approaches were not ...
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Extrapolating novel techniques utilised in solid organ transplantation to the microsurgical and vascularised composite allograft arena
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterised initially by restriction of oxygenated blood flow to an organ bed, resulting in tissue hypoxia and ischaemic injury, followed by further 'reperfusion' injury upon restoration of perfusion, with an influx of oxygen, inflammatory cells and generation of free radicals. The culmination is a complex interplay between cellular and biochemical processes involved in inflammation and coagulation, exhibited as the 'no re-flow' phenomenon.Under ideal circumstances, autologous free tissue transfer is performed with short ischemic times.
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Extrapolating novel techniques utilised in solid organ transplantation to the microsurgical and vascularised composite allograft arena
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterised initially by restriction of oxygenated blood flow to an organ bed, resulting in tissue hypoxia and ischaemic injury, followed by further 'reperfusion' injury upon restoration of perfusion, with an influx of oxygen, inflammatory cells and generation of free radicals. The culmination is a complex interplay between cellular and biochemical processes involved in inflammation and coagulation, exhibited as the 'no re-flow' phenomenon.Under ideal circumstances, autologous free tissue transfer is performed with short ischemic times.
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Ciliopathy: Usher Syndrome.
Authors: Tsang SH, Aycinena ARP, Sharma T Abstract Ciliopathies are a group of disorders caused by a defect in ciliogenesis, ciliary protein trafficking. Because nearly every cell in the body (including the photoreceptors) contains cilia, defects in ciliary proteins typically affect multiple organ systems. Usher syndrome is the most common syndromic cause of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and accounts for 10-20% of cases of RP Inheritance is autosomal recessive, and the retinal dystrophy is usually rod-cone dystrophy (Figs. 32.1 and 32.2). These patients have RP with sensorineural hearing loss (partial or complete) since birth; some may have vestibular dysfunction. Most patients retain central vision of about 20/40 until about age 40. Usher Syndrome 1 (USH1): Profound congenital sensori...
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Mitochondrial Disorder: Kearns-Sayre Syndrome.
Authors: Tsang SH, Aycinena ARP, Sharma T Abstract Mitochondrial diseases are multisystem disorders: anemia, myopathy, lactic acidosis, CNS abnormality, endocrine abnormalities, renal disease, sensorineural deafness, and retinal involvement. The clinical abnormalities are heterogeneous, and they usually begin in childhood. Premature death occurs because of cardiac conduction defects. The onset is usually before 20 years of age. The fundus shows pigmentary retinopathy, with a salt-and-pepper appearance (Fig. 30.1), but vision remains good in most patients. Systemic involvement includes chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), with ptosis being the most common complaint, and cardiomyopathy. Other variable features are short stature; cerebellar symptoms; weakness of muscle...
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Extracellular Matrix: Alport Syndrome.
Authors: Tsang SH, Sharma T Abstract Patients present with X-linked inheritance; Alport syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 newborns. The systemic features include progressive interstitial nephritis, renal failure by the fifth decade, and neurosensory deafness. PMID: 30578514 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)
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Syphilis.
Authors: Tsang SH, Sharma T Abstract Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by a spirochete, Treponema pallidum; it is most commonly spread by sexual transmission. Syphilis is known as the "Great Imitator," as systemic manifestations are variable. It can involve any part of the eye, with syphilitic uveitis being the most common type. Congenital syphilis is characterized by Hutchinson's teeth, saddle nose deformity, deafness, and interstitial keratitis; pigmentary changes in the retina are varied and patchy. PMID: 30578519 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)
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Mitochondrial Disorder: Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness.
Authors: Tsang SH, Aycinena ARP, Sharma T Abstract Patients with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) have insulin-dependent diabetes with relatively low BMI; usually the onset of the diabetes is during the third or fourth decade of life and it is associated with progressive neurosensory deafness. The fundus shows circumferentially oriented but discontinuous patches of RPE and choriocapillaris (CC) atrophy around the macula, within the arcades (Figs. 31.1 and 31.2). Sometimes even hyperpigmentation can be seen, also around the optic nerve, or pattern-like dystrophy may occur. Vision is usually good, about 20/40 or better. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) shows decreased AF in the areas of RPE atrophy, surrounded by a zone of speckled AF. No generalized retinal dysfunction...
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Progression of hearing loss after LINAC-based stereotactic radiotherapy for vestibular schwannoma is associated with cochlear dose, not with pre-treatment hearing level
Although stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for vestibular schwannoma has demonstrated excellent local control rates, hearing deterioration is often reported after treatment. We therefore wished to assess the cha... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
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Ciliopathy: Usher Syndrome.
Authors: Tsang SH, Aycinena ARP, Sharma T Abstract Ciliopathies are a group of disorders caused by a defect in ciliogenesis, ciliary protein trafficking. Because nearly every cell in the body (including the photoreceptors) contains cilia, defects in ciliary proteins typically affect multiple organ systems. Usher syndrome is the most common syndromic cause of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and accounts for 10-20% of cases of RP Inheritance is autosomal recessive, and the retinal dystrophy is usually rod-cone dystrophy (Figs. 32.1 and 32.2). These patients have RP with sensorineural hearing loss (partial or complete) since birth; some may have vestibular dysfunction. Most patients retain central vision of about 20/40 until about age 40. Usher Syndrome 1 (USH1): Profound congenital sensori...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AhRQvT
Mitochondrial Disorder: Kearns-Sayre Syndrome.
Authors: Tsang SH, Aycinena ARP, Sharma T Abstract Mitochondrial diseases are multisystem disorders: anemia, myopathy, lactic acidosis, CNS abnormality, endocrine abnormalities, renal disease, sensorineural deafness, and retinal involvement. The clinical abnormalities are heterogeneous, and they usually begin in childhood. Premature death occurs because of cardiac conduction defects. The onset is usually before 20 years of age. The fundus shows pigmentary retinopathy, with a salt-and-pepper appearance (Fig. 30.1), but vision remains good in most patients. Systemic involvement includes chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), with ptosis being the most common complaint, and cardiomyopathy. Other variable features are short stature; cerebellar symptoms; weakness of muscle...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2SjZBbM
Extracellular Matrix: Alport Syndrome.
Authors: Tsang SH, Sharma T Abstract Patients present with X-linked inheritance; Alport syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 newborns. The systemic features include progressive interstitial nephritis, renal failure by the fifth decade, and neurosensory deafness. PMID: 30578514 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)
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Syphilis.
Authors: Tsang SH, Sharma T Abstract Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by a spirochete, Treponema pallidum; it is most commonly spread by sexual transmission. Syphilis is known as the "Great Imitator," as systemic manifestations are variable. It can involve any part of the eye, with syphilitic uveitis being the most common type. Congenital syphilis is characterized by Hutchinson's teeth, saddle nose deformity, deafness, and interstitial keratitis; pigmentary changes in the retina are varied and patchy. PMID: 30578519 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)
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Mitochondrial Disorder: Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness.
Authors: Tsang SH, Aycinena ARP, Sharma T Abstract Patients with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) have insulin-dependent diabetes with relatively low BMI; usually the onset of the diabetes is during the third or fourth decade of life and it is associated with progressive neurosensory deafness. The fundus shows circumferentially oriented but discontinuous patches of RPE and choriocapillaris (CC) atrophy around the macula, within the arcades (Figs. 31.1 and 31.2). Sometimes even hyperpigmentation can be seen, also around the optic nerve, or pattern-like dystrophy may occur. Vision is usually good, about 20/40 or better. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) shows decreased AF in the areas of RPE atrophy, surrounded by a zone of speckled AF. No generalized retinal dysfunction...
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2AfvPOl
Progression of hearing loss after LINAC-based stereotactic radiotherapy for vestibular schwannoma is associated with cochlear dose, not with pre-treatment hearing level
Although stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for vestibular schwannoma has demonstrated excellent local control rates, hearing deterioration is often reported after treatment. We therefore wished to assess the cha... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
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"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]; +17 new citations
17 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/12/24
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]; +17 new citations
17 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/12/24
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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Aimmune Therapeutics Submits BLA to FDA for AR101 for the Treatment of Peanut Allergy in Children and Adolescents Ages 4 –17
BRISBANE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Dec. 21, 2018-- Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: AIMT), a biopharmaceutical company developing treatments for potentially life-threatening food allergies, today announced that it has submitted a Biologics... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Applications)
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Aimmune Therapeutics Submits BLA to FDA for AR101 for the Treatment of Peanut Allergy in Children and Adolescents Ages 4 –17
BRISBANE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Dec. 21, 2018-- Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: AIMT), a biopharmaceutical company developing treatments for potentially life-threatening food allergies, today announced that it has submitted a Biologics... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Applications)
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Aimmune Therapeutics Submits BLA to FDA for AR101 for the Treatment of Peanut Allergy in Children and Adolescents Ages 4 –17
BRISBANE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Dec. 21, 2018-- Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: AIMT), a biopharmaceutical company developing treatments for potentially life-threatening food allergies, today announced that it has submitted a Biologics... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Applications)
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Aimmune Therapeutics Submits BLA to FDA for AR101 for the Treatment of Peanut Allergy in Children and Adolescents Ages 4 –17
BRISBANE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Dec. 21, 2018-- Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: AIMT), a biopharmaceutical company developing treatments for potentially life-threatening food allergies, today announced that it has submitted a Biologics... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Applications)
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X-linked Alport syndrome: pathogenic variant features and further auditory genotype-phenotype correlations in males
To analyze the clinical audiological characteristics of X-Linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) in males and their relationships with genotypes. (Source: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases)
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X-linked Alport syndrome: pathogenic variant features and further auditory genotype-phenotype correlations in males
To analyze the clinical audiological characteristics of X-Linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) in males and their relationships with genotypes. (Source: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases)
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The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) The First Generation
The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) was established by the The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in 2005 as a collaborative research program bringing together centers focused on the study of food allergy. The Consortium was charged with developing studies to better understand the pathogenesis and natural history of food allergy, as well as potential approaches to the treatment of food allergy. In its first iteration, an observational study of infants with milk and egg allergy was established and studies of oral immunotherapy for egg allergy and sublingual immunotherapy for peanut allergy were initiated, as was a Phase 1 study of a recombinant peanut protein vaccine. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Staphylococcus aureus, epithelial disruption, and nasal polyps: Are we one step ahead in combatting this foe?
Epithelial integrity is a key part of the innate immune system, and its disruption represents a pathway to pathogen exposure, bacterial invasion, and the dangers associated with molecular patterns, allergens, and other immune response triggers. An intact epithelium is the first line of defense, both structurally and functionally. These cells are key inducers of innate and adaptive immune response and inflammation.1 (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) The First Generation
The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) was established by the The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in 2005 as a collaborative research program bringing together centers focused on the study of food allergy. The Consortium was charged with developing studies to better understand the pathogenesis and natural history of food allergy, as well as potential approaches to the treatment of food allergy. In its first iteration, an observational study of infants with milk and egg allergy was established and studies of oral immunotherapy for egg allergy and sublingual immunotherapy for peanut allergy were initiated, as was a Phase 1 study of a recombinant peanut protein vaccine. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EKsFFq
Staphylococcus aureus, epithelial disruption, and nasal polyps: Are we one step ahead in combatting this foe?
Epithelial integrity is a key part of the innate immune system, and its disruption represents a pathway to pathogen exposure, bacterial invasion, and the dangers associated with molecular patterns, allergens, and other immune response triggers. An intact epithelium is the first line of defense, both structurally and functionally. These cells are key inducers of innate and adaptive immune response and inflammation.1 (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy reduces oral mucositis caused by head and neck radio-chemotherapy: prospective randomized controlled trial
The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as a preventive and therapeutic procedure for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal mucositis caused by radio-chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). An experimental, prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with oral SCC undergoing oncological treatment. The variables analyzed included grade, appearance, and remission of mucositis.
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Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy reduces oral mucositis caused by head and neck radio-chemotherapy: prospective randomized controlled trial
The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as a preventive and therapeutic procedure for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal mucositis caused by radio-chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). An experimental, prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with oral SCC undergoing oncological treatment. The variables analyzed included grade, appearance, and remission of mucositis.
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Broadening Applications and Insights into the Cross Paramedian Forehead Flap over a 19-Year Period
Forehead flap reconstruction of large nasal defects can be challenging. The senior author has utilized a paramedian forehead flap modification using the supratrochlear artery on the contralateral side to the defect.
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Broadening Applications and Insights into the Cross Paramedian Forehead Flap over a 19-Year Period
Forehead flap reconstruction of large nasal defects can be challenging. The senior author has utilized a paramedian forehead flap modification using the supratrochlear artery on the contralateral side to the defect.
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Intestinal Microbiota on Allergy, Growth and Development
Condition: Pregnancy Intervention: Sponsor: Chinese University of Hong Kong Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Condition: Drug Allergy Intervention: Sponsor: University Hospital, Montpellier Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Correction to: Assessing dengue transmission risk and a vector control intervention using entomological and immunological indices in Thailand: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial
In the original publication [1], the first of two objectives was to "Assess the effect of periodically treating water storage containers with a pyriproxyfen/spinosad combination on entomological and epidemiological outcomes". (Source: Trials)
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Dose, Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of an HIV-1 Vaccine, VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP, With Alum in Healthy Adults < TAB >
Condition: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Intervention: Biological: VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EMECeC
Prevalence and Incidence of Lassa Virus Infection in Southern Mali
Condition: Lassa Virus Infection Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EI2WgF
Identification of Allergic Asthmatics Reactive to Felis Catus (Cat Hair) Allergen Inhalation
Condition: Asthma Atopic Intervention: Biological: Felis Catus Sponsors: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Impact of Pollution on Allergic Rhinitis and Sleep Quality: the POLLAR Study
Conditions: Sleep Apnea; Allergic Rhinitis; Allergic Asthma; Pollution; Exposure; Pollution Related Respiratory Disorder Intervention: Other: Pollution exposure Sponsors: University Hospital, Grenoble; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EJVMc0
Safety and Efficacy of Low-dose IL-2 in Allergy to Birch Pollen
Conditions: Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis to Birch Pollen; With an Apple Oral Allergic Syndrome (OAS) to Apple; With a Positive Skin Prick Test to Birch Pollen Intervention: Drug: ILT-101 ld-(IL2) Sponsors: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Iltoo Pharma Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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DOT Diary Mobile App for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence in Young Men
Conditions: Adherence, Medication; Risk Behavior; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; HIV Prevention Interventions: Drug: Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Oral Tablet; Other: DOT Diary mobile app Sponsors: Public Health Foundation Enterprises, Inc.; National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); San Francisco Department of Public Health; Emory University; AiCure; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Effect of the Nasal Gel " Nascum ®-Plus " on Allergic Symptoms
Condition: Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal Interventions: Drug: Nascum Plus; Other: ACC Sponsors: Fraunhofer-Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine; M et P Pharma AG Enrolling by invitation (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Pilot Study of Short Term Aspirin on the Biologic and Immunologic Changes of the Fallopian Tube
Conditions: Fallopian Tube Cancer; Fallopian Tube Infection Intervention: Drug: Aspirin 81 mg Sponsor: University of Oklahoma Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EMCzGF
Cetirizine Chewable Bioequivalence and Food Effect Study
Condition: Allergy Interventions: Drug: Cetirizine 10mg; Drug: Cetirizine 10 mg Sponsor: Johnson& Johnson Consumer Inc., McNeil Consumer Healthcare Division Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EMEBay
Intestinal Microbiota on Allergy, Growth and Development
Condition: Pregnancy Intervention: Sponsor: Chinese University of Hong Kong Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EGsxXg
Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Condition: Drug Allergy Intervention: Sponsor: University Hospital, Montpellier Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ENVcKR
Correction to: Assessing dengue transmission risk and a vector control intervention using entomological and immunological indices in Thailand: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial
In the original publication [1], the first of two objectives was to "Assess the effect of periodically treating water storage containers with a pyriproxyfen/spinosad combination on entomological and epidemiological outcomes". (Source: Trials)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EGb0Pb
Dose, Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of an HIV-1 Vaccine, VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP, With Alum in Healthy Adults < TAB >
Condition: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Intervention: Biological: VRC-HIVRGP096-00-VP Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EMECeC
Prevalence and Incidence of Lassa Virus Infection in Southern Mali
Condition: Lassa Virus Infection Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2EI2WgF
Identification of Allergic Asthmatics Reactive to Felis Catus (Cat Hair) Allergen Inhalation
Condition: Asthma Atopic Intervention: Biological: Felis Catus Sponsors: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
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Impact of Pollution on Allergic Rhinitis and Sleep Quality: the POLLAR Study
Conditions: Sleep Apnea; Allergic Rhinitis; Allergic Asthma; Pollution; Exposure; Pollution Related Respiratory Disorder Intervention: Other: Pollution exposure Sponsors: University Hospital, Grenoble; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Safety and Efficacy of Low-dose IL-2 in Allergy to Birch Pollen
Conditions: Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis to Birch Pollen; With an Apple Oral Allergic Syndrome (OAS) to Apple; With a Positive Skin Prick Test to Birch Pollen Intervention: Drug: ILT-101 ld-(IL2) Sponsors: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Iltoo Pharma Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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DOT Diary Mobile App for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence in Young Men
Conditions: Adherence, Medication; Risk Behavior; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; HIV Prevention Interventions: Drug: Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Oral Tablet; Other: DOT Diary mobile app Sponsors: Public Health Foundation Enterprises, Inc.; National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); San Francisco Department of Public Health; Emory University; AiCure; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Effect of the Nasal Gel " Nascum ®-Plus " on Allergic Symptoms
Condition: Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal Interventions: Drug: Nascum Plus; Other: ACC Sponsors: Fraunhofer-Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine; M et P Pharma AG Enrolling by invitation (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Pilot Study of Short Term Aspirin on the Biologic and Immunologic Changes of the Fallopian Tube
Conditions: Fallopian Tube Cancer; Fallopian Tube Infection Intervention: Drug: Aspirin 81 mg Sponsor: University of Oklahoma Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Cetirizine Chewable Bioequivalence and Food Effect Study
Condition: Allergy Interventions: Drug: Cetirizine 10mg; Drug: Cetirizine 10 mg Sponsor: Johnson& Johnson Consumer Inc., McNeil Consumer Healthcare Division Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in a patient with dyskeratosis congenita: a rare entity
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): K.S. Fatehi, S. Thiagarajan, H. Dhar, D. Chaukar, A.K. DCruz
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare genetic disorder that results from progressive failure of the bone marrow. It presents with a classic triad of reticular pigmentations of the skin, dystrophic nails, and oral leukoplakia; patients rarely develop cancers. We report a patient with dyskeratosis congenita who presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue.
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Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in a patient with dyskeratosis congenita: a rare entity
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): K.S. Fatehi, S. Thiagarajan, H. Dhar, D. Chaukar, A.K. DCruz
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare genetic disorder that results from progressive failure of the bone marrow. It presents with a classic triad of reticular pigmentations of the skin, dystrophic nails, and oral leukoplakia; patients rarely develop cancers. We report a patient with dyskeratosis congenita who presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue.
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Phase-locking of irregular guinea pig primary vestibular afferents to high frequency (>250 Hz) sound and vibration
Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018
Source: Hearing Research
Author(s): I.S. Curthoys, Ann M. Burgess, Samanthi C. Goonetilleke
Abstract
Phase-locking of cochlear neurons to sound has been of great value in understanding cochlear transduction. Phase-locking has also been reported previously in irregular vestibular afferents, but detailed information about it is sparse. We measured the phase-locking of guinea pig irregular otolithic neurons and canal neurons (after a semicircular canal dehiscence allowed them to respond) to both sound and vibration stimuli. Irregular vestibular afferents from both otoliths and canals have a range of preferred phase angles which systematically increase as frequency is increased from 250 Hz to above 1000Hz. Surprisingly vestibular afferents show more precise phase-locking than comparable auditory afferents as reported by Palmer and Russell (1986), and they do so up to higher frequencies. This high precision implies a very sharp, fast threshold for evoking an action potential with minimal variability, and so has implications for the current controversy about hair-cell-afferent transmission in the vestibular system. Following recent evidence, we suggest that potassium in the unique type I-calyx synapse may be a major factor in generating this very precise phase-locking.
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Inhibitory mechanisms shaping delay-tuned combination-sensitivity in the auditory cortex and thalamus of the mustached bat
Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018
Source: Hearing Research
Author(s): John A. Butman, Nobuo Suga
Abstract
Delay-tuned auditory neurons of the mustached bat show facilitative responses to a combination of signal elements of a biosonar pulse-echo pair with a specific echo delay. The subcollicular nuclei produce latency-constant phasic on-responding neurons, and the inferior colliculus produces delay-tuned combination-sensitive neurons, designated "FM-FM" neurons. The combination-sensitivity is a facilitated response to the coincidence of the excitatory rebound following glycinergic inhibition to the pulse (1st harmonic) and the short-latency response to the echo (2nd–4th harmonics). The facilitative response of thalamic FM-FM neurons is mediated by glutamate receptors (NMDA and non-NMDA receptors). Different from collicular FM-FM neurons, thalamic ones respond more selectively to pulse-echo pairs than individual signal elements. A number of differences in response properties between collicular and thalamic or cortical FM-FM neurons have been reported. However, differences between thalamic and cortical FM-FM neurons have remained to be studied. Here, we report that GABAergic inhibition controls the duration of burst of spikes of facilitative responses of thalamic FM-FM neurons and sharpens the delay tuning of cortical ones. That is, intra-cortical inhibition sharpens the delay tuning of cortical FM-FM neurons that is potentially broad because of divergent/convergent thalamo-cortical projections. Compared with thalamic neurons, cortical ones tend to show sharper delay tuning, longer response duration, and larger facilitation index. However, those differences are statistically insignificant.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2BEgwyu
Phase-locking of irregular guinea pig primary vestibular afferents to high frequency (>250 Hz) sound and vibration
Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018
Source: Hearing Research
Author(s): I.S. Curthoys, Ann M. Burgess, Samanthi C. Goonetilleke
Abstract
Phase-locking of cochlear neurons to sound has been of great value in understanding cochlear transduction. Phase-locking has also been reported previously in irregular vestibular afferents, but detailed information about it is sparse. We measured the phase-locking of guinea pig irregular otolithic neurons and canal neurons (after a semicircular canal dehiscence allowed them to respond) to both sound and vibration stimuli. Irregular vestibular afferents from both otoliths and canals have a range of preferred phase angles which systematically increase as frequency is increased from 250 Hz to above 1000Hz. Surprisingly vestibular afferents show more precise phase-locking than comparable auditory afferents as reported by Palmer and Russell (1986), and they do so up to higher frequencies. This high precision implies a very sharp, fast threshold for evoking an action potential with minimal variability, and so has implications for the current controversy about hair-cell-afferent transmission in the vestibular system. Following recent evidence, we suggest that potassium in the unique type I-calyx synapse may be a major factor in generating this very precise phase-locking.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QKZc5g
Inhibitory mechanisms shaping delay-tuned combination-sensitivity in the auditory cortex and thalamus of the mustached bat
Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018
Source: Hearing Research
Author(s): John A. Butman, Nobuo Suga
Abstract
Delay-tuned auditory neurons of the mustached bat show facilitative responses to a combination of signal elements of a biosonar pulse-echo pair with a specific echo delay. The subcollicular nuclei produce latency-constant phasic on-responding neurons, and the inferior colliculus produces delay-tuned combination-sensitive neurons, designated "FM-FM" neurons. The combination-sensitivity is a facilitated response to the coincidence of the excitatory rebound following glycinergic inhibition to the pulse (1st harmonic) and the short-latency response to the echo (2nd–4th harmonics). The facilitative response of thalamic FM-FM neurons is mediated by glutamate receptors (NMDA and non-NMDA receptors). Different from collicular FM-FM neurons, thalamic ones respond more selectively to pulse-echo pairs than individual signal elements. A number of differences in response properties between collicular and thalamic or cortical FM-FM neurons have been reported. However, differences between thalamic and cortical FM-FM neurons have remained to be studied. Here, we report that GABAergic inhibition controls the duration of burst of spikes of facilitative responses of thalamic FM-FM neurons and sharpens the delay tuning of cortical ones. That is, intra-cortical inhibition sharpens the delay tuning of cortical FM-FM neurons that is potentially broad because of divergent/convergent thalamo-cortical projections. Compared with thalamic neurons, cortical ones tend to show sharper delay tuning, longer response duration, and larger facilitation index. However, those differences are statistically insignificant.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2BEgwyu
The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) The First Generation
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Hugh A. Sampson, M Cecilia Berin, Marshall Plaut, Scott H. Sicherer, Stacie Jones, A Wesley Burks, Robert Lindblad, Donald YM. Leung, Robert A. Wood
Abstract
The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) was established by the The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in 2005 as a collaborative research program bringing together centers focused on the study of food allergy. The Consortium was charged with developing studies to better understand the pathogenesis and natural history of food allergy, as well as potential approaches to the treatment of food allergy. In its first iteration, an observational study of infants with milk and egg allergy was established and studies of oral immunotherapy for egg allergy and sublingual immunotherapy for peanut allergy were initiated, as was a Phase 1 study of a recombinant peanut protein vaccine. The CoFAR was renewed in 2010 for an additional 5-year period during which the initial observational study was continued, a study of eosinophilic esophagitis was initiated, and new therapeutic trials were established to study epicutaneous immunotherapy for peanut allergy and to compare the safety and efficacy of egg OIT to the ingestion of baked egg for the treatment of egg allergy. The results of these efforts will be reviewed in this Rostrum, with a brief look to the future of the Consortium.
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The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) The First Generation
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Hugh A. Sampson, M Cecilia Berin, Marshall Plaut, Scott H. Sicherer, Stacie Jones, A Wesley Burks, Robert Lindblad, Donald YM. Leung, Robert A. Wood
Abstract
The Consortium for Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) was established by the The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in 2005 as a collaborative research program bringing together centers focused on the study of food allergy. The Consortium was charged with developing studies to better understand the pathogenesis and natural history of food allergy, as well as potential approaches to the treatment of food allergy. In its first iteration, an observational study of infants with milk and egg allergy was established and studies of oral immunotherapy for egg allergy and sublingual immunotherapy for peanut allergy were initiated, as was a Phase 1 study of a recombinant peanut protein vaccine. The CoFAR was renewed in 2010 for an additional 5-year period during which the initial observational study was continued, a study of eosinophilic esophagitis was initiated, and new therapeutic trials were established to study epicutaneous immunotherapy for peanut allergy and to compare the safety and efficacy of egg OIT to the ingestion of baked egg for the treatment of egg allergy. The results of these efforts will be reviewed in this Rostrum, with a brief look to the future of the Consortium.
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Associations between marijuana use and anxious mood lability during adolescence
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Addictive Behaviors
Author(s): Julie C. Rusby, Erika Westling, Ryann Crowley, Kathryn L. Mills, John M. Light
Abstract
Objective
To date, research investigating the association between adolescent marijuana use and anxiety is mixed, given differences in how anxiety is measured and the age ranges studied. The research is further limited as many relevant studies have small sample sizes. This investigation examines the association between marijuana use (use in the past 30 days) and anxious mood lability (rapid fluctuation in emotional states) during early adolescence (average age 14.4, spring of 8th grade) through midadolescence (10th grade).
Methods
Participating adolescents (N = 466; 52.8% female) were from rural and suburban communities and 38% were Hispanic/Latino. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) was used to measure adolescents' anxious mood in real time; the EMAs were collected within 30 days of the adolescent report of their marijuana use.
Results
Multilevel models with measurement waves (7 time points) nested in individuals showed that anxious mood lability was significantly higher for adolescents reporting recent marijuana use compared to those reporting no recent marijuana use. Although females were higher than males in anxious mood lability, the association between anxious mood lability and recent marijuana use did not differ by gender. Post hoc analysis showed that the associations between anxious mood lability and recent marijuana use did not differ between assessments conducted pre and post legalization of adult recreational marijuana use.
Conclusions
The association between recent marijuana use and anxious mood lability for youth is important for understanding the developmental processes of cannabis use and anxious mood disorders in adolescence and young adulthood.
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A systematic review of behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent return to smoking postpartum
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Addictive Behaviors
Author(s): J. Brown Tracey, Hardeman Wendy, Bauld Linda, Holland Richard, Maskrey Vivienne, Naughton Felix, Orton Sophie, Ussher Michael, Notley Caitlin
Abstract
Introduction
There is no routine support to prevent postpartum smoking relapse, due to lack of effective interventions. Previous reviews have identified behaviour change techniques (BCTs) within pregnancy cessation trials to specify which components might be incorporated into more effective interventions, but no reviews have identified BCTs for prevention of smoking relapse postpartum. We reviewed BCTs and potential delivery modes, to inform future interventions.
Methods
We searched Medline and EMBASE from January 2015–May 2017; and identified trials published before 2015 by handsearching systematic reviews. We included RCTs where: i) ≥1 intervention component aimed to maintain smoking abstinence versus a less intensive intervention; ii) participants included pregnant or postpartum smoking quitters; iii) smoking status was reported in the postpartum period. We extracted trial characteristics and used the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 to extract BCTs. We aimed to identity 'promising' BCTs i.e. those frequently occurring and present in ≥2 trials that demonstrated long-term effectiveness (≥6 months postpartum). Data synthesis was narrative.
Results
We included 32 trials, six of which demonstrated long-term effectiveness. These six trials used self-help, mainly in conjunction with counselling, and were largely delivered remotely. We identified six BCTs as promising: 'problem solving', 'information about health consequences', 'information about social and environmental consequences', 'social support', 'reduce negative emotions' and 'instruction on how to perform a behaviour'.
Conclusions
Future interventions to prevent postpartum smoking relapse might include these six BCTs to maximise effectiveness. Tailored self-help approaches, with/without counselling, may be favourable modes of delivery of BCTs.
Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018075677.
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Which sports are more at risk of physical exercise addiction: A systematic review
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Addictive Behaviors
Author(s): Di Lodovico Laura, Poulnais Ségolène, Gorwood Philip
Abstract
Introduction
Excessive physical exercise may evolve into physical exercise addiction, a recently identified entity with many yet unclear aspects, such as global prevalence and variability according to different types of physical exercise.
Methods
We systematically reviewed the current literature up to June 2018 to collect all studies screening exercise addiction with two of the most frequently used screening scales: the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) and the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS).
Results
We detected forty-eight studies (20 using the EAI, 26 the EDS, and 2 both scales) reporting variable point prevalence of exercise addiction risk, depending on the target population and the investigated sport. The EAI identifies a higher proportion of people at risk for physical exercise addiction among endurance athletes (14,2%) followed by ball games (10,4%), fitness centre attendees (8,2%) and power disciplines (6,4%), while a frequency of 3,0% was reported in the general population. Studies using the EDS found discrepant results.
Discussion
This systematic review suggests that sport disciplines are associated with different vulnerability for physical exercise addiction. Besides the different addictive potential of each sport, the heterogeneity of results may be also due to socio-demographic and cultural characteristics of the target populations. The EAI and the EDS identify different proportions of individuals at risk for exercise addiction both in general population and in specific sport categories. As the EAI screens a higher proportion of subjects at risk, especially in endurance disciplines, it could be more appropriate for early detection of at-risk subjects and/or disciplines.
Conclusion
Tailored prevention strategies for each discipline could help better preserving benefits of sports. More precision in research methods and the use of the most appropriate scale are required to allow a better comparability of prevalence among physical exercise disciplines and in general population.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2BBsNDW
Associations between marijuana use and anxious mood lability during adolescence
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Addictive Behaviors
Author(s): Julie C. Rusby, Erika Westling, Ryann Crowley, Kathryn L. Mills, John M. Light
Abstract
Objective
To date, research investigating the association between adolescent marijuana use and anxiety is mixed, given differences in how anxiety is measured and the age ranges studied. The research is further limited as many relevant studies have small sample sizes. This investigation examines the association between marijuana use (use in the past 30 days) and anxious mood lability (rapid fluctuation in emotional states) during early adolescence (average age 14.4, spring of 8th grade) through midadolescence (10th grade).
Methods
Participating adolescents (N = 466; 52.8% female) were from rural and suburban communities and 38% were Hispanic/Latino. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) was used to measure adolescents' anxious mood in real time; the EMAs were collected within 30 days of the adolescent report of their marijuana use.
Results
Multilevel models with measurement waves (7 time points) nested in individuals showed that anxious mood lability was significantly higher for adolescents reporting recent marijuana use compared to those reporting no recent marijuana use. Although females were higher than males in anxious mood lability, the association between anxious mood lability and recent marijuana use did not differ by gender. Post hoc analysis showed that the associations between anxious mood lability and recent marijuana use did not differ between assessments conducted pre and post legalization of adult recreational marijuana use.
Conclusions
The association between recent marijuana use and anxious mood lability for youth is important for understanding the developmental processes of cannabis use and anxious mood disorders in adolescence and young adulthood.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2BBsUiQ
A systematic review of behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent return to smoking postpartum
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Addictive Behaviors
Author(s): J. Brown Tracey, Hardeman Wendy, Bauld Linda, Holland Richard, Maskrey Vivienne, Naughton Felix, Orton Sophie, Ussher Michael, Notley Caitlin
Abstract
Introduction
There is no routine support to prevent postpartum smoking relapse, due to lack of effective interventions. Previous reviews have identified behaviour change techniques (BCTs) within pregnancy cessation trials to specify which components might be incorporated into more effective interventions, but no reviews have identified BCTs for prevention of smoking relapse postpartum. We reviewed BCTs and potential delivery modes, to inform future interventions.
Methods
We searched Medline and EMBASE from January 2015–May 2017; and identified trials published before 2015 by handsearching systematic reviews. We included RCTs where: i) ≥1 intervention component aimed to maintain smoking abstinence versus a less intensive intervention; ii) participants included pregnant or postpartum smoking quitters; iii) smoking status was reported in the postpartum period. We extracted trial characteristics and used the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 to extract BCTs. We aimed to identity 'promising' BCTs i.e. those frequently occurring and present in ≥2 trials that demonstrated long-term effectiveness (≥6 months postpartum). Data synthesis was narrative.
Results
We included 32 trials, six of which demonstrated long-term effectiveness. These six trials used self-help, mainly in conjunction with counselling, and were largely delivered remotely. We identified six BCTs as promising: 'problem solving', 'information about health consequences', 'information about social and environmental consequences', 'social support', 'reduce negative emotions' and 'instruction on how to perform a behaviour'.
Conclusions
Future interventions to prevent postpartum smoking relapse might include these six BCTs to maximise effectiveness. Tailored self-help approaches, with/without counselling, may be favourable modes of delivery of BCTs.
Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018075677.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2QPOsCC
Which sports are more at risk of physical exercise addiction: A systematic review
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2018
Source: Addictive Behaviors
Author(s): Di Lodovico Laura, Poulnais Ségolène, Gorwood Philip
Abstract
Introduction
Excessive physical exercise may evolve into physical exercise addiction, a recently identified entity with many yet unclear aspects, such as global prevalence and variability according to different types of physical exercise.
Methods
We systematically reviewed the current literature up to June 2018 to collect all studies screening exercise addiction with two of the most frequently used screening scales: the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) and the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS).
Results
We detected forty-eight studies (20 using the EAI, 26 the EDS, and 2 both scales) reporting variable point prevalence of exercise addiction risk, depending on the target population and the investigated sport. The EAI identifies a higher proportion of people at risk for physical exercise addiction among endurance athletes (14,2%) followed by ball games (10,4%), fitness centre attendees (8,2%) and power disciplines (6,4%), while a frequency of 3,0% was reported in the general population. Studies using the EDS found discrepant results.
Discussion
This systematic review suggests that sport disciplines are associated with different vulnerability for physical exercise addiction. Besides the different addictive potential of each sport, the heterogeneity of results may be also due to socio-demographic and cultural characteristics of the target populations. The EAI and the EDS identify different proportions of individuals at risk for exercise addiction both in general population and in specific sport categories. As the EAI screens a higher proportion of subjects at risk, especially in endurance disciplines, it could be more appropriate for early detection of at-risk subjects and/or disciplines.
Conclusion
Tailored prevention strategies for each discipline could help better preserving benefits of sports. More precision in research methods and the use of the most appropriate scale are required to allow a better comparability of prevalence among physical exercise disciplines and in general population.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2BBsNDW
What is the optimal site and biopsy technique for the diagnosis of oral mucosal autoimmune blistering disease?
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to determine which biopsy method produces the best diagnostic yield in patients presenting with autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs) of the oral mucosa.
Methods
This was a retrospective audit of patients who were biopsied at least once for a suspected AIBD of the oral mucosa. The type (incisional or punch) and site of biopsies was recorded in conjunction with case notes, electronic records and histopathological reports in order to calculate sensitivity, specificity and the method of biopsy which produced the superior diagnostic yield.
Results
125 biopsy samples from 66 patients were identified and reviewed. A diagnosis of AIBD was established in 49 (74%) patients. The chi square test showed there was a statistically significantly higher (p=0.0016) diagnostic yield using the punch biopsy technique compared to the scalpel method. The gingiva was the best biopsy site in terms of achieving a definitive diagnosis (p = 0.0001) regardless of the biopsy method used.
Conclusions
A punch biopsy is more likely than scalpel biopsy to obtain a definitive diagnosis in patients presenting with a suspected oral AIBD. The gingiva is the optimal site to sample.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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A Case of Primary Cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma in a Neutropenic Patient
Primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma is a rare clinical presentation of Ewing sarcoma, usually occurring as a small, localized tumor on the extremities of young adults and associated with favorable prognosis.1 We report a case of primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma which presented on the sole of the foot of a 27 year old patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and neutropenia. Diagnosis was determined through histological features and staining as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular testing. The patient underwent wide local excision with plan to begin targeted chemotherapy, but unfortunately died from adenovirus pneumonia while neutropenic before targeted chemotherapy was initiated.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Neuroblastoma–like schwannoma with giant rosettes: a potential diagnostic pitfall for hyalinizing spindle cell tumor
Neuroblastoma‐like schwannoma (NLS) is a rare variant of a common tumor. The aim of this study is to discuss, through a literature review, the differential diagnoses of NLS while emphasizing the importance of ancillary studies.
So far, 24 cases have been reported. We describe an additional case in a 64‐year‐old woman who had a 3‐cm subcutaneous tumor on her flank. The histologic examination revealed an encapsulated neoplasm. Most of the tumor was made of giant rosettes. These rosettes had several sizes reaching 2.6mm. They showed a palisade of rounded cells. Nuclei were hyperchromatic but bland. The center was made of eosinophilic cores of collagenous radiating fibrils. Neoplastic cells stained strongly for S‐100 protein. In the capsule, perineural cells stained for EMA. No expression of MUC4 was present. This was consistent with NLS. The same peculiar appearance of giant rosettes has been described in hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes (HSCT). We propose the term "neuroblastoma‐like schwannoma" when there are small rosettes, "HSCT‐like schwannoma" for tumors with giant rosettes and "collagen rich schwannoma" when there are "ill defined" structures reminiscent of rosettes. Immunohistochemical panel containing S100, EMA and MUC4 as well as molecular testing when needed should be performed.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Pilomatrical carcinosarcoma of the temple : A case report
Pilomatrical carcinosarcoma is a very rare entity, with only six cases reported until now. This report describes the case of a 100‐year old woman with a mass on the left temple that had existed for several decades but had recently grown in size. Histology revealed an asymmetric lesion composed of basaloid cells, spindle cells and "shadow" or "ghost" cells. Cells had atypical hyperchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli, high mitotic activity and atypical mitosis. In the central area, an epidermal cyst‐like structure was seen. The diagnosis of pilomatrical carcinosarcoma was rendered. This case appeared to have arisen from malignant transformation of a pilomatricoma because of the long clinical history and existence of a benign epidermal cyst like structures. In addition, the observation that the basaloid cells and spindle cells showed a gradual transition from one to the other and that both types were positive for β‐catenin would seem to support a common clonal origin for the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Detection of an Intraoperative Cerebral Event With Entropy Monitoring
A Case of Primary Cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma in a Neutropenic Patient
Primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma is a rare clinical presentation of Ewing sarcoma, usually occurring as a small, localized tumor on the extremities of young adults and associated with favorable prognosis.1 We report a case of primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma which presented on the sole of the foot of a 27 year old patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and neutropenia. Diagnosis was determined through histological features and staining as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular testing. The patient underwent wide local excision with plan to begin targeted chemotherapy, but unfortunately died from adenovirus pneumonia while neutropenic before targeted chemotherapy was initiated.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2T6M339
Pilomatrical carcinosarcoma of the temple : A case report
Pilomatrical carcinosarcoma is a very rare entity, with only six cases reported until now. This report describes the case of a 100‐year old woman with a mass on the left temple that had existed for several decades but had recently grown in size. Histology revealed an asymmetric lesion composed of basaloid cells, spindle cells and "shadow" or "ghost" cells. Cells had atypical hyperchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli, high mitotic activity and atypical mitosis. In the central area, an epidermal cyst‐like structure was seen. The diagnosis of pilomatrical carcinosarcoma was rendered. This case appeared to have arisen from malignant transformation of a pilomatricoma because of the long clinical history and existence of a benign epidermal cyst like structures. In addition, the observation that the basaloid cells and spindle cells showed a gradual transition from one to the other and that both types were positive for β‐catenin would seem to support a common clonal origin for the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Detection of an Intraoperative Cerebral Event With Entropy Monitoring
Effectiveness of Endovascular Recanalization Treatment for M2 Segment Occlusion: Comparison Between Intracranial ICA, M1, and M2 Segment Thrombectomy
Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Juliane Goebel, Elena Stenzel, Isabel Wanke, Daniel Paech, Martin Koehrmann, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Michael Forsting, Alexander Radbruch, Christoph Moenninghoff
Rationale and Objectives
Mechanical thrombectomy is common practice in proximal anterior vessel occlusion. However, it remains unclear whether peripheral artery occlusions should be treated as well. This retrospective study aimed to prove the effectiveness of endovascular recanalization treatment for the M2 segment by comparison of intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA), M1 segment, and M2 segment thrombectomy.
Materials and Methods
All patients who received endovascular treatment for distal ICA, M1, or M2 segment occlusions between January 2010 and July 2017 at our center were re-analyzed with respect to reperfusion success, interventional and clinical parameters. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann Whitney test, Chi square test, and Spearman correlation analysis.
Results
A total of 261 patients (median age, 72 years), 100 with ICA, 137 with M1, and 24 with M2 segment occlusion, were included. Duration of endovascular treatment was significantly longer in ICA occlusions (median, 83 minutes, p < 0.001) compared to M1 (56 minutes) or M2 segment occlusions (49 minutes). Recanalization and reperfusion success and rate of endovascular complications did not differ between occlusion sites (AOL, p = 0.071; mTICI, p = 0.540; complications, p = 0.064). No significant difference in revascularization success was found between the different thrombectomy devices (direct thrombus aspiration, stent retrieving, or a sequential combined approach; p = 0.112). Successful M2 recanalization (mTICI 2b-3) correlated significantly with stronger posttherapeutic NIHSS reduction (r = 0.691, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
We found endovascular treatment of M2 segment occlusions as safe and successful as endovascular therapy of the ICA or M1 segment, with stronger posttherapeutic NIHSS reduction after successful compared to insufficient M2 recanalization.
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Effectiveness of Endovascular Recanalization Treatment for M2 Segment Occlusion: Comparison Between Intracranial ICA, M1, and M2 Segment Thrombectomy
Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018
Source: Academic Radiology
Author(s): Juliane Goebel, Elena Stenzel, Isabel Wanke, Daniel Paech, Martin Koehrmann, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Michael Forsting, Alexander Radbruch, Christoph Moenninghoff
Rationale and Objectives
Mechanical thrombectomy is common practice in proximal anterior vessel occlusion. However, it remains unclear whether peripheral artery occlusions should be treated as well. This retrospective study aimed to prove the effectiveness of endovascular recanalization treatment for the M2 segment by comparison of intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA), M1 segment, and M2 segment thrombectomy.
Materials and Methods
All patients who received endovascular treatment for distal ICA, M1, or M2 segment occlusions between January 2010 and July 2017 at our center were re-analyzed with respect to reperfusion success, interventional and clinical parameters. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann Whitney test, Chi square test, and Spearman correlation analysis.
Results
A total of 261 patients (median age, 72 years), 100 with ICA, 137 with M1, and 24 with M2 segment occlusion, were included. Duration of endovascular treatment was significantly longer in ICA occlusions (median, 83 minutes, p < 0.001) compared to M1 (56 minutes) or M2 segment occlusions (49 minutes). Recanalization and reperfusion success and rate of endovascular complications did not differ between occlusion sites (AOL, p = 0.071; mTICI, p = 0.540; complications, p = 0.064). No significant difference in revascularization success was found between the different thrombectomy devices (direct thrombus aspiration, stent retrieving, or a sequential combined approach; p = 0.112). Successful M2 recanalization (mTICI 2b-3) correlated significantly with stronger posttherapeutic NIHSS reduction (r = 0.691, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
We found endovascular treatment of M2 segment occlusions as safe and successful as endovascular therapy of the ICA or M1 segment, with stronger posttherapeutic NIHSS reduction after successful compared to insufficient M2 recanalization.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Af9sIJ
Association between loss of Y chromosome and poor prognosis in male head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract
Background
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is more prevalent in men than women and this disparity cannot be fully explained by known risk factors. Recent studies have shown that loss of Y chromosome (LoY) confers an increased risk of solid cancer and reduces life expectancy in men.
Methods
Using publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we investigated the prevalence of LoY and its association with clinicopathological features in male HNSCC.
Results
LoY was detectable in around 25% of male HNSCC. Men with human papillomavirus‐negative tumors exhibiting LoY experienced significantly worse overall survival than those with no LoY. Moreover, LoY tumors exhibited overexpression of genes involved in redox processes, including genes previously implicated in resistance to both radiotherapy and cisplatin‐based chemotherapeutics.
Conclusion
LoY may be an indicator of poor prognosis in male HNSCC that is linked to the overexpression of genes associated with resistance to standard care therapies.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2V1E61b
Failure patterns of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with radical radiotherapy by intensity modulated radiotherapy technique using focal volume and dosimetric method
Abstract
Background
Labeling locoregional failures in head and neck cancer (HNC) as "local" and "regional" becomes incomplete when treating with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Target delineation and delivery errors, dose in‐homogeneity complicate the assessment of failures. A combination of focal point and dosimetric method might attempt at simplifying failure analysis.
Methods
One hundred eleven patients with locally advanced HNC treated with chemoradiation using IMRT were enrolled. Patients with documented failure had their recurrence volume assessed using focal point and dosimetric method.
Results
With a median follow‐up of 20 (range 0‐39) months and median locoregional control (LRC) of 30 (range 24.8‐34.5) months, the patients had a 3‐year overall survival and LRC of 70.6% and 48.9%, respectively. Of 39 failures, there were 69.2%, 7.6%, 5.1%, 12.8%, and 5.1% type A, B, C, D, and E, respectively using the focal point and dosimetric method.
Conclusion
With the current classification, majority of the recurrences were high dose failures suggesting inherent radioresistance. While minority of failures were potentially preventable and needed modifying existing IMRT workflow.
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PD‐1 and PD‐L1 in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A substudy of a randomized phase III trial
Abstract
Background
To evaluate the expression of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) by using immunohistochemistry analysis in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving cisplatin, fluorouracil, and docetaxel followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Methods
As part of a previously reported trial, 108 patients were enrolled in this study.
Results
We observed that Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) antibody levels were associated with PD‐1 positive staining in NPC and PD‐1 positive staining was identified as an independent prognostic factor for progression‐free survival (hazard ratio 0.363, 95% confidence interval 0.134‐0.987, P = .047). By contrast, the correlation between the PD‐L1 level and hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein was not identified. Moreover, high levels of PD‐L1 staining were not significantly associated with clinical outcomes.
Conclusion
NPC patients with negative PD‐1 staining had a significantly reduced survival outcome. Furthermore, patients with positive PD‐1 staining had significantly higher EBV antibody levels.
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Systematic review on location and timing of distant progression in human papillomavirus‐positive and human papillomavirus‐negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Abstract
Distant progression (DP) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has significant impact on morbidity and mortality. This study systematically reviewed the literature on studies reporting location and timing of DP after human papillomavirus (HPV)+ or HPV− OPSCCs. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies reporting DP in patients treated with curative intend for an OPSCC. Outcome was site of and time to DP stratified on HPV‐status. Seven studies (n = 1564; 77% HPV+) were included in which 313 patients (20%) developed a DP (70% HPV+). The most common site of DP was the lungs (n = 232) regardless of HPV‐status. Patients with HPV+ tumors were more prone to dissemination involving multiple sites (risk ratio = 16.49). There was no difference in time to DP when stratified on HPV‐status (P = .10). The pattern of but not time to DP was significantly different in patients with OPSCC when stratified on HPV‐status.
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Prognostic implication of CEACAM1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: Pilot study
Abstract
Background
CEACAM1, a valuable biomarker for several cancers, have remained unexplored up to the present in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We aimed to examine CEACAM1 expression and evaluate its combinational clinical significance for the diagnosis or prognosis and treatment decision making in LSCC.
Methods
CEACAM1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 54 LSCCs and evaluate its correlation with clinical and histopathological features.
Results
CEACAM subtype 1 (CEACAM1) expression was positive in 50% of the cases. No significant difference was observed in relation to age, gender, tumor size, and tumor stage. CEACAM1 expression correlated with tumor grade, development of local recurrence, node and distant metastasis. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that CEACAM1 staining was inversely correlated with both overall and disease‐specific 5‐year survival.
Conclusions
Our study is the first to demonstrate that CEACAM1 expression is associated with an adverse prognosis in LSCC. CEACAM1 is a valuable biomarker and a promising therapeutic target in LSCC.
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De‐escalation of post‐treatment surveillance in oropharyngeal cancer
Abstract
Background
The majority of new oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) cases are associated with human papillomavirus and favorable prognosis. Post‐treatment follow‐up should be targeted to patients at greatest risk for disease recurrence.
Methods
To assess the benefits of routine clinical surveillance in OPSCC, we reviewed all follow‐up visits conducted in 2014 at Helsinki University Hospital Department of Otorhinolaryngology.
Results
Of 366 visits, 26 (7%) were from patients presenting with a new symptom, and disease recurrence was detected in four. The presence of a new symptom was significantly associated with disease recurrence (P < 0.001). Of 366 visits, 340 (93%) were from patients presenting without new symptoms, and not a single recurrence was found during these visits.
Conclusions
Based on our findings, and previous studies assessing the prognosis and pattern of recurrent OPSCC, we concluded that the number of routine post‐treatment visits can be reduced. Follow‐up should rather focus on symptom‐directed examinations.
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High‐risk human papillomavirus detection in oropharyngeal cancers: Comparison of saliva sampling methods
Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence has suggested the utility of salivary oral rinse as a diagnostic fluid to detect oral human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, but there are many methods for collecting saliva.
Methods
Salivary oral rinse and unstimulated whole mouth saliva samples were collected from 45 oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients.
Results
We show a positive correlation of HPV‐16 E2 (r = 0.95, P < 0.0001) and E6/7 (r = 0.93, P < 0.0001) relative copy number as well as HPV genotypes in both sample methods. There was a significant correlation between the two sample methods in the ratio of HPV16 E2 to E6/7 DNA (r = 0.46, P < 0.01). Consistent with previous studies, a mixed HPV‐16 form (episomal and integrated) was commonly found in both saliva and tumor samples.
Conclusion
Detection of HPV in saliva samples collected by either method yielded comparable results, and showed good sensitivity for detection of HPV derived from OPC.
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Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to VenaSeal Tissue Adhesive
VenaSeal (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota) is a medical tissue adhesive containing n‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate, injected endovenously for the treatment of varicose veins and venous incompetence1. Allergic contact dermatitis to cyanoacrylate based medical adhesives has been frequently described in the literature2, with Dermabond being commonly implicated in numerous cases of tissue adhesive contact hypersensitivity3,4. Here we describe a novel case of allergic contact dermatitis due to VenaSeal following surgical intervention for venous competence
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ReubGd
Occupational contact dermatitis due to Eucalyptus species and Tanacetum parthenium
Eucalyptus species and Tanacetum parthenium are widely encountered in daily life, but the reported prevalence of contact dermatitis to Eucalyptus species and Tanacetum parthenium , respectively, are different.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2GQbIw3
Association between loss of Y chromosome and poor prognosis in male head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract
Background
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is more prevalent in men than women and this disparity cannot be fully explained by known risk factors. Recent studies have shown that loss of Y chromosome (LoY) confers an increased risk of solid cancer and reduces life expectancy in men.
Methods
Using publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we investigated the prevalence of LoY and its association with clinicopathological features in male HNSCC.
Results
LoY was detectable in around 25% of male HNSCC. Men with human papillomavirus‐negative tumors exhibiting LoY experienced significantly worse overall survival than those with no LoY. Moreover, LoY tumors exhibited overexpression of genes involved in redox processes, including genes previously implicated in resistance to both radiotherapy and cisplatin‐based chemotherapeutics.
Conclusion
LoY may be an indicator of poor prognosis in male HNSCC that is linked to the overexpression of genes associated with resistance to standard care therapies.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2V1E61b
Failure patterns of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with radical radiotherapy by intensity modulated radiotherapy technique using focal volume and dosimetric method
Abstract
Background
Labeling locoregional failures in head and neck cancer (HNC) as "local" and "regional" becomes incomplete when treating with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Target delineation and delivery errors, dose in‐homogeneity complicate the assessment of failures. A combination of focal point and dosimetric method might attempt at simplifying failure analysis.
Methods
One hundred eleven patients with locally advanced HNC treated with chemoradiation using IMRT were enrolled. Patients with documented failure had their recurrence volume assessed using focal point and dosimetric method.
Results
With a median follow‐up of 20 (range 0‐39) months and median locoregional control (LRC) of 30 (range 24.8‐34.5) months, the patients had a 3‐year overall survival and LRC of 70.6% and 48.9%, respectively. Of 39 failures, there were 69.2%, 7.6%, 5.1%, 12.8%, and 5.1% type A, B, C, D, and E, respectively using the focal point and dosimetric method.
Conclusion
With the current classification, majority of the recurrences were high dose failures suggesting inherent radioresistance. While minority of failures were potentially preventable and needed modifying existing IMRT workflow.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2PZFc9Y
PD‐1 and PD‐L1 in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A substudy of a randomized phase III trial
Abstract
Background
To evaluate the expression of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) by using immunohistochemistry analysis in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving cisplatin, fluorouracil, and docetaxel followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Methods
As part of a previously reported trial, 108 patients were enrolled in this study.
Results
We observed that Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) antibody levels were associated with PD‐1 positive staining in NPC and PD‐1 positive staining was identified as an independent prognostic factor for progression‐free survival (hazard ratio 0.363, 95% confidence interval 0.134‐0.987, P = .047). By contrast, the correlation between the PD‐L1 level and hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein was not identified. Moreover, high levels of PD‐L1 staining were not significantly associated with clinical outcomes.
Conclusion
NPC patients with negative PD‐1 staining had a significantly reduced survival outcome. Furthermore, patients with positive PD‐1 staining had significantly higher EBV antibody levels.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2V8E1sk
Systematic review on location and timing of distant progression in human papillomavirus‐positive and human papillomavirus‐negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Abstract
Distant progression (DP) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has significant impact on morbidity and mortality. This study systematically reviewed the literature on studies reporting location and timing of DP after human papillomavirus (HPV)+ or HPV− OPSCCs. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies reporting DP in patients treated with curative intend for an OPSCC. Outcome was site of and time to DP stratified on HPV‐status. Seven studies (n = 1564; 77% HPV+) were included in which 313 patients (20%) developed a DP (70% HPV+). The most common site of DP was the lungs (n = 232) regardless of HPV‐status. Patients with HPV+ tumors were more prone to dissemination involving multiple sites (risk ratio = 16.49). There was no difference in time to DP when stratified on HPV‐status (P = .10). The pattern of but not time to DP was significantly different in patients with OPSCC when stratified on HPV‐status.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2PWFle5
Prognostic implication of CEACAM1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: Pilot study
Abstract
Background
CEACAM1, a valuable biomarker for several cancers, have remained unexplored up to the present in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We aimed to examine CEACAM1 expression and evaluate its combinational clinical significance for the diagnosis or prognosis and treatment decision making in LSCC.
Methods
CEACAM1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 54 LSCCs and evaluate its correlation with clinical and histopathological features.
Results
CEACAM subtype 1 (CEACAM1) expression was positive in 50% of the cases. No significant difference was observed in relation to age, gender, tumor size, and tumor stage. CEACAM1 expression correlated with tumor grade, development of local recurrence, node and distant metastasis. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that CEACAM1 staining was inversely correlated with both overall and disease‐specific 5‐year survival.
Conclusions
Our study is the first to demonstrate that CEACAM1 expression is associated with an adverse prognosis in LSCC. CEACAM1 is a valuable biomarker and a promising therapeutic target in LSCC.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2V8drQg
De‐escalation of post‐treatment surveillance in oropharyngeal cancer
Abstract
Background
The majority of new oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) cases are associated with human papillomavirus and favorable prognosis. Post‐treatment follow‐up should be targeted to patients at greatest risk for disease recurrence.
Methods
To assess the benefits of routine clinical surveillance in OPSCC, we reviewed all follow‐up visits conducted in 2014 at Helsinki University Hospital Department of Otorhinolaryngology.
Results
Of 366 visits, 26 (7%) were from patients presenting with a new symptom, and disease recurrence was detected in four. The presence of a new symptom was significantly associated with disease recurrence (P < 0.001). Of 366 visits, 340 (93%) were from patients presenting without new symptoms, and not a single recurrence was found during these visits.
Conclusions
Based on our findings, and previous studies assessing the prognosis and pattern of recurrent OPSCC, we concluded that the number of routine post‐treatment visits can be reduced. Follow‐up should rather focus on symptom‐directed examinations.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2Q1w98i
Association between pretreatment obesity, sarcopenia, and survival in patients with head and neck cancer
Abstract
Background
Body mass index (BMI), sarcopenia, and obesity‐related comorbidities have been associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 441 normal‐weight, overweight, and obese HNSCC patients treated at Montefiore Medical Center (New York). Patients were grouped by BMI prior to treatment and assessed for differences in survival adjusting for comorbid conditions (cardiovascular disease and diabetes). Evidence of sarcopenia was also assessed using pretreatment abdominal CT scans in a subset of 113 patients.
Results
Prior to treatment, 55% of HNSCC patients were overweight or obese. Overweight/obese patients had significantly better overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3‐0.6) compared to normal‐weight patients, independent of comorbid conditions. Patients with sarcopenia had significantly poorer survival (HR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1‐3.9) compared to non‐sarcopenic patients, with the strongest association seen among overweight/obese patients.
Conclusion
Our data support the importance of sarcopenia assessment, in addition to BMI, among patients with HNSCC.
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Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to VenaSeal Tissue Adhesive
VenaSeal (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota) is a medical tissue adhesive containing n‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate, injected endovenously for the treatment of varicose veins and venous incompetence1. Allergic contact dermatitis to cyanoacrylate based medical adhesives has been frequently described in the literature2, with Dermabond being commonly implicated in numerous cases of tissue adhesive contact hypersensitivity3,4. Here we describe a novel case of allergic contact dermatitis due to VenaSeal following surgical intervention for venous competence
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2ReubGd
Occupational contact dermatitis due to Eucalyptus species and Tanacetum parthenium
Eucalyptus species and Tanacetum parthenium are widely encountered in daily life, but the reported prevalence of contact dermatitis to Eucalyptus species and Tanacetum parthenium , respectively, are different.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2GQbIw3
Prevalence of peri‐implant disease and risk indicators in a Japanese population with at least 3 years in function. ‐A multicentre retrospective study
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of peri‐implant disease and analyze risk indicators in Japanese subjects with ≥ 3 years of implant function.
Material and Methods
Five hundred and forty‐three subjects treated with 1613 implants were evaluated. Information was collected about the patients' physical and dental history, as well as implant details. Peri‐implant evaluation included probing depth, bleeding on probing (BoP), suppuration (Sup) and keratinized tissue width. Bone loss was calculated from intra‐oral radiographs taken after 1 year and more than 3 years of function. Implants were classified into three groups: healthy, peri‐implant mucositis (BoP without bone loss) and peri‐implantitis (BoP and/or Sup with bone loss > 1 mm). These data were analysed by multivariable multinomial logistic regression.
Results
The prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis at the subject level was 23.9% and 15.8%, respectively. An association was found between peri‐implant mucositis and plaque control record (PCR) > 20% and keratinized tissue width < 2 mm. Peri‐implantitis was associated with PCR > 20%, smoking, insertion in the maxilla and keratinized tissue width < 2 mm.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases was elucidated in a Japanese population. Peri‐implant mucositis was associated with poor oral hygiene and less keratinized tissue. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, insertion in the maxilla, and less keratinized tissue were risk indicators for peri‐implantitis.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Prevalence of peri‐implant disease and risk indicators in a Japanese population with at least 3 years in function. ‐A multicentre retrospective study
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of peri‐implant disease and analyze risk indicators in Japanese subjects with ≥ 3 years of implant function.
Material and Methods
Five hundred and forty‐three subjects treated with 1613 implants were evaluated. Information was collected about the patients' physical and dental history, as well as implant details. Peri‐implant evaluation included probing depth, bleeding on probing (BoP), suppuration (Sup) and keratinized tissue width. Bone loss was calculated from intra‐oral radiographs taken after 1 year and more than 3 years of function. Implants were classified into three groups: healthy, peri‐implant mucositis (BoP without bone loss) and peri‐implantitis (BoP and/or Sup with bone loss > 1 mm). These data were analysed by multivariable multinomial logistic regression.
Results
The prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis at the subject level was 23.9% and 15.8%, respectively. An association was found between peri‐implant mucositis and plaque control record (PCR) > 20% and keratinized tissue width < 2 mm. Peri‐implantitis was associated with PCR > 20%, smoking, insertion in the maxilla and keratinized tissue width < 2 mm.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases was elucidated in a Japanese population. Peri‐implant mucositis was associated with poor oral hygiene and less keratinized tissue. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, insertion in the maxilla, and less keratinized tissue were risk indicators for peri‐implantitis.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2rQlbZI
Laryngeal manifestations of cranial nerve IX/X compression at the brainstem
Objective
We report an association between lower cranial nerve (CN IX/X) vascular compression at the brainstem with laryngeal symptoms utilizing a stepwise algorithm that systematically evaluates and eliminates all other common etiologies. Our experiences with retromastoid craniectomy with lower cranial nerve (LCN) decompression versus non‐neurosurgical treatments are detailed.
Study Design
Retrospective chart review at a tertiary care academic medical center with follow‐up telephone survey.
Methods
Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, quality‐of‐life surveys, and treatment outcomes were recorded for patients with laryngeal symptoms associated with LCN compression at the brainstem.
Results
Forty‐nine patients demonstrated LCN compression at the brainstem on imaging and presented with chief complaints of dysphonia (25 of 49, 51%), chronic cough (19 of 49, 39%), dysphoric breathing (3 of 49, 6%), and dysphagia (2 of 49, 4%). Poor initial scores were noted for Voice‐Related Quality of Life (V‐RQOL), Reflux Symptom Index, and Glottal Closure Index. Twenty‐four patients underwent LCN decompression, of which 21 of 24 (88%) reported partial, near‐complete, or complete improvement. Major perioperative complications occurred in four of 24 patients (17%). Patients who had undergone decompression were more likely to obtain complete/near‐complete symptom resolution (10 of 24 patients, 42%) compared to those undergoing conservative treatments (2 of 25 patients, 8%) (P = 0.02). V‐RQOL scores improved more in surgical patients [mean change score, 33.0 (standard deviation [SD], 31.2) than nonsurgical patients (mean change score 9.6, SD 20.9) (P = 0.03) (mean follow‐up 3.0 years, SD 2.0).
Conclusion
Lower cranial nerve compression at the brainstem should be considered when all other etiologies are excluded. Retromastoid craniectomy with LCN decompression demonstrates an acceptable safety profile.
Level of Evidence
4. Laryngoscope, 1–7, 2018
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Lingual tonsil lymphatic tissue regrowth in patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery
Objectives/Hypothesis
To evaluate a possible regrowth of lingual tonsil lymphatic tissue in patients submitted to lingual tonsil resection with transoral robotic surgery (TORS).
Study Design
Retrospective Study.
Methods
Medical records of patients surgically treated by means of TORS to remove excessive lymphatic tissue of the lingual tonsil were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative endoscopic data after long‐term follow‐up were analyzed to investigate possible lymphatic tissue regrowth. Preoperative and postoperative lingual tonsil lymphatic tissue were classified according to the standardized Friedman's grading scale ranging from 0 to 4.
Results
Sixty‐eight patients (41 male and 27 female; mean age = 51.3 years) were considered suitable for the study analysis. Clinical regrowth was observed in six (8.8%) patients: four (5.9%) and two (2.9%) patients with grade 2 and 3 lymphatic hypertrophy, respectively. No correlation between the grade of regrowth, the time interval from surgery, and the volume of lymphatic tissue removed was found.
Conclusions
The lymphatic tissue regrowth after TORS resection appears to be very low.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 2018
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Ultrasonographic Criteria to Define the Lower Limits of Neck Node Levels 2 and 3
Objective
To find ultrasonographic landmarks to define the lower limits of neck node levels 2 and 3.
Methods
Data were collected prospectively between February 2014 and January 2015. In total, 103 patients were recruited (50 men and 53 women), and the mean age was 50.9 years (range: 18–89). At the lower level of the hyoid, we classified ultrasonographic findings as hyoid type (HT)1 when the internal and external carotid arteries were visualized separately, HT2 when the internal and external carotid arteries joined together, and HT3 when the common carotid artery was visualized. At the lower border of the cricoid cartilage, we classified ultrasonographic findings as cricoid type (CT)1 when the omohyoid reached the medial half of the common carotid artery, CT2 when the omohyoid reached the lateral half of the common carotid artery, CT3 when the omohyoid reached the medial half of the internal jugular vein, and CT4 when the omohyoid reached the lateral half of the internal jugular vein.
Results
At the lower border of the hyoid, HT1 was most commonly observed in 59.2%, whereas HT2 and HT3 were observed in 31.3% and 9.7%, respectively. At the lower border of the cricoid cartilage, CT3 was most commonly observed in 52.9%, whereas CT2, CT4, and CT1 were observed in 20.4%, 14.1%, and 12.6%, respectively.
Conclusion
HT1 and CT3 can be suggested ultrasonographic landmarks for the lower limits of levels 2 and 3, respectively.
Level of Evidence
2. Laryngoscope, 2018
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