| Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapeutics Market – Expected To Witness Significant Growth In The Industry In The ... Economic Daily Gazette (press release)Full coverage |
| Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapeutics Market – Expected To Witness Significant Growth In The Industry In The ... Economic Daily Gazette (press release)Full coverage |
| Doctors Say Get Vaccinated Against HPV KELOLAND TVQuebec's new HPV vaccine program is cost-cutting measure that could put public health at risk, warn experts CBC.caFull coverage |
| Doctors Say Get Vaccinated Against HPV KELOLAND TVQuebec's new HPV vaccine program is cost-cutting measure that could put public health at risk, warn experts CBC.caFull coverage |
| Nanobiotix: Update on Head and Neck Phase I/II Trial With NBTXR3 And Other Program Data Presented At ... Business Wire (press release)Full coverage |
| Nanobiotix: Update on Head and Neck Phase I/II Trial With NBTXR3 And Other Program Data Presented At ... Business Wire (press release)Full coverage |
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Arghya Pratim Ghosh, Abdullah Al Mamun, Piotr Lodowski, Maria Jaworska, Pawel M. KozlowskiAbstractMethylcobalamin (MeCbl)-dependent enzyme methionine synthase (MetH), plays a critical role in the catalysis of methyl group transfer from methyltetrahydrofolate (CH3-H4folate) to homocysteine. It often performs a side reaction to generate cob(II)alamin through photolysis of the organometallic CoC bond. A hybrid QM/MM method has been applied to explore the photochemistry of MeCbl-bound MetH. The photolytic properties of MeCbl inside MetH are mediated by its manifold of low-lying excited states. The corresponding potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the electronically excite...
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Publication date: Available online 20 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Arghya Pratim Ghosh, Abdullah Al Mamun, Piotr Lodowski, Maria Jaworska, Pawel M. KozlowskiAbstractMethylcobalamin (MeCbl)-dependent enzyme methionine synthase (MetH), plays a critical role in the catalysis of methyl group transfer from methyltetrahydrofolate (CH3-H4folate) to homocysteine. It often performs a side reaction to generate cob(II)alamin through photolysis of the organometallic CoC bond. A hybrid QM/MM method has been applied to explore the photochemistry of MeCbl-bound MetH. The photolytic properties of MeCbl inside MetH are mediated by its manifold of low-lying excited states. The corresponding potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the electronically excite...
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Publication date: Available online 20 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Joel W. Harrison, Laura Beecraft, Ralph E.H. SmithAbstractMulti-wavelength fluorometers, such as the bbe FluoroProbe (FP), measure excitation spectra of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) fluorescence to infer the abundance and composition of phytoplankton communities as well as the concentration of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Experiments were conducted on laboratory cultures and on natural communities of freshwater phytoplankton to determine how the response of phytoplankton to high irradiance might affect fluorometric estimates of community composition and concentrations of Chl-a and CDOM. Cultures of a representative cyanobacterium, bacillariophyte, synurophyt...
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Publication date: Available online 20 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Joel W. Harrison, Laura Beecraft, Ralph E.H. SmithAbstractMulti-wavelength fluorometers, such as the bbe FluoroProbe (FP), measure excitation spectra of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) fluorescence to infer the abundance and composition of phytoplankton communities as well as the concentration of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Experiments were conducted on laboratory cultures and on natural communities of freshwater phytoplankton to determine how the response of phytoplankton to high irradiance might affect fluorometric estimates of community composition and concentrations of Chl-a and CDOM. Cultures of a representative cyanobacterium, bacillariophyte, synurophyt...
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Publication date: Available online 19 September 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyAuthor(s): Selvam Sathiyavimal, Seerangaraj Vasantharaj, Devaraj Bharathi, Saravanan Mythili, Elayaperumal Manikandan, Smita S. Kumar, Arivalagan PugazhendhiAbstractTextile industry is a major sector providing global financial and employment support to different countries of the world. The major problems of the textile industry are dirt and microbial contaminants affecting the quality of cotton fabrics. Recently, nanoparticles such as silver, chitosan, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have gained attraction in textile industries to avoid the contamination of fabrics through microbes. The necessity to develop an ecofriendly, efficient and cost effective method for...
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In this study we analysed the effect of laser treatment of aphthous lesions with four devices available on the market, two with wavelength in the infra-red region (2940 nm 808 nm) and two with a wavelength in the visible region (450 nm and 635 nm).Diode lasers 808 nm and 450 nm defined almost the same results with an improvement starting already after the application and gradually improving until 7 days after treatment without any statistically significant difference between them. Diode 635 nm was the device gaining the earliest effect reducing the pain already during the treatment and maintaining it at low level immediately after the laser application and after 3 and 7 days with levels of pain comparable with them obtained with 808 nm and 450 nm lasers. Er:YAG laser ...
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In this study we analysed the effect of laser treatment of aphthous lesions with four devices available on the market, two with wavelength in the infra-red region (2940 nm 808 nm) and two with a wavelength in the visible region (450 nm and 635 nm).Diode lasers 808 nm and 450 nm defined almost the same results with an improvement starting already after the application and gradually improving until 7 days after treatment without any statistically significant difference between them. Diode 635 nm was the device gaining the earliest effect reducing the pain already during the treatment and maintaining it at low level immediately after the laser application and after 3 and 7 days with levels of pain comparable with them obtained with 808 nm and 450 nm lasers. Er:YAG laser ...
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Publication date: Available online 18 September 2018Source: Language SciencesAuthor(s): Andrej MalchukovAbstractThe present article provides a typological commentary on the article by Nikki van de Pol (this issue) on the history of the English gerund. It is shown that in spite of certain idiosyncratic aspects, the history of the verbal gerund illustrates a well-known grammaticalization path of verbalization, whereby deverbal nouns are first grammaticalized into nonfinite forms (participles, infinitives, converbs), and may later be integrated into the verbal paradigm. It is further suggested that the mixed behavior attested for the verbal gerund, which deviates both from the nominal and from the clausal prototype, may be universally supported by constructional polysemy and blending with con...
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Publication date: Available online 18 September 2018Source: Language SciencesAuthor(s): Jelena TimotijevicAbstractPhilosophers on all sides of the contemporary Contextualism debates have given primacy to the role context plays in utterance comprehension. They view language as a socio-cultural practice; their theoretical perspectives are largely focused on speaker's intentions and contextually modified senses of language elements appropriate to the situation at hand. Following Marx and Engels' (1845) philosophical contributions on language, Voloshinov (1929: 9–24, 83–98) argues that language can only exist if socially organised individuals engage and communicate through the use of 'signs'. The object of study should be the language of 'actual life', in other words utterances tha...
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Publication date: Available online 18 September 2018Source: Language SciencesAuthor(s): Jelena TimotijevicAbstractPhilosophers on all sides of the contemporary Contextualism debates have given primacy to the role context plays in utterance comprehension. They view language as a socio-cultural practice; their theoretical perspectives are largely focused on speaker's intentions and contextually modified senses of language elements appropriate to the situation at hand. Following Marx and Engels' (1845) philosophical contributions on language, Voloshinov (1929: 9–24, 83–98) argues that language can only exist if socially organised individuals engage and communicate through the use of 'signs'. The object of study should be the language of 'actual life', in other words utterances tha...
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This study investigates the intricate semantic and morphosyntactic behavior of morphological nominalizations. Besides offering an in-depth quantitative and qualitative description of a set of Spanish nominals, it empirically verifies to what extent the more 'nouny' items adopt nominal features more frequently than the more 'verby' items. The starting point is the tripartite semantic distinction between referential, event, and state nominals, whose morphosyntactic behavior is then described on the basis of a detailed corpus analysis. The following properties are analyzed: determination, modification, number, and argument structure. The corpus study makes it possible to verify a series of theoretical assumptions on the processes of deverbalization and substantivization, and in partic...
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This study investigates the intricate semantic and morphosyntactic behavior of morphological nominalizations. Besides offering an in-depth quantitative and qualitative description of a set of Spanish nominals, it empirically verifies to what extent the more 'nouny' items adopt nominal features more frequently than the more 'verby' items. The starting point is the tripartite semantic distinction between referential, event, and state nominals, whose morphosyntactic behavior is then described on the basis of a detailed corpus analysis. The following properties are analyzed: determination, modification, number, and argument structure. The corpus study makes it possible to verify a series of theoretical assumptions on the processes of deverbalization and substantivization, and in partic...
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This article summarizes the variety of speech and swallow rehabilitation that adult patients may require or seek. The case examples allow the reader to base the clinical decision-making process within the context of a patient presentation and elucidate the role of speech and language pathology services for the primary care provider in order to refer patients with symptoms and concerns to the right provider early in their medical care. (Source: Medical Clinics of North America)
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This article summarizes the variety of speech and swallow rehabilitation that adult patients may require or seek. The case examples allow the reader to base the clinical decision-making process within the context of a patient presentation and elucidate the role of speech and language pathology services for the primary care provider in order to refer patients with symptoms and concerns to the right provider early in their medical care. (Source: Medical Clinics of North America)
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Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670669The purpose of this follow-up study was to explore the effectiveness of an intensive treatment program—Camp Dream. Speak. Live.—within older, school-age children who stutter. Twenty-three school-age children who stutter (age range: 7–14 years) attended this week-long intensive therapy program for the first time. Outcome measures included Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering and the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric Peer Relationships Form. Findings demonstrate significant improvements in quality of life and communication attitudes can be achieved in a short period of time when increasing fluency is not a target. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, ...
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Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670669The purpose of this follow-up study was to explore the effectiveness of an intensive treatment program—Camp Dream. Speak. Live.—within older, school-age children who stutter. Twenty-three school-age children who stutter (age range: 7–14 years) attended this week-long intensive therapy program for the first time. Outcome measures included Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering and the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric Peer Relationships Form. Findings demonstrate significant improvements in quality of life and communication attitudes can be achieved in a short period of time when increasing fluency is not a target. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, ...
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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This study addressed three aims: (1) to characterize caregivers' perceptions regarding children's quality of communicative interactions, competence in communicative abilities, and outcomes of communicative improvement; (2) to measure alignment between caregivers' and SLPs' perceptions; and (3) to explore caregiver- and child-level factors that might relate to alignment. Caregivers and SLPs of 3- to 4-year-old children currently receiving treatment for language disorders completed questionnaires to assess perceptions along with two caregiver factors (maternal education and self-efficacy) and child language disorder severity. Caregivers' perceptions were more positive and more variable than those of SLPs. However, caregivers and SLPs agreed in rating perceptions of present and future outcome...
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This study addressed three aims: (1) to characterize caregivers' perceptions regarding children's quality of communicative interactions, competence in communicative abilities, and outcomes of communicative improvement; (2) to measure alignment between caregivers' and SLPs' perceptions; and (3) to explore caregiver- and child-level factors that might relate to alignment. Caregivers and SLPs of 3- to 4-year-old children currently receiving treatment for language disorders completed questionnaires to assess perceptions along with two caregiver factors (maternal education and self-efficacy) and child language disorder severity. Caregivers' perceptions were more positive and more variable than those of SLPs. However, caregivers and SLPs agreed in rating perceptions of present and future outcome...
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Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669993 Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)
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Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669993 Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)
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Semin Speech Lang DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670672Adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often report reduced social participation and loss of friends, but little is known about quality of friendship after TBI. Our objective was to characterize social participation, friendship quantity, and friendship quality of adults with TBI and a comparison group of uninjured adults. Participants included 18 adults with moderate to severe TBI and 16 of their informant friends; and 18 uninjured adults and 11 of their informant friends. The main measures used were the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective, the Social Network Questionnaire, and the McGill Friendship Questionnaire. Participants with TBI reported significantly less social participation and had fewer total friends, although t...
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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. (Source: Aphasiology)
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Authors: Korecky-Kröll K, Dobek N, Blaschitz V, Sommer-Lolei S, Boniecki M, Uzunkaya-Sharma K, Dressler WU Abstract Phonological working memory capacity, vocabulary size, and narrative competence are important skills in children's L1 and L2 acquisition, which may vary as a function of their language background and socioeconomic status (SES). We investigated test data of 56 typically developing 4-year-old kindergarten children from two SES and two language backgrounds: 29 children (15 higher SES, 14 lower SES) were monolingual German-speaking, and 27 children (14 higher SES, 13 lower SES) were successive Turkish-German bilinguals. The tests comprised a non-word repetition task testing phonological working memory, receptive vocabulary tests (in L1 and L2), and a narrative task. We i...
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Authors: Korecky-Kröll K, Dobek N, Blaschitz V, Sommer-Lolei S, Boniecki M, Uzunkaya-Sharma K, Dressler WU Abstract Phonological working memory capacity, vocabulary size, and narrative competence are important skills in children's L1 and L2 acquisition, which may vary as a function of their language background and socioeconomic status (SES). We investigated test data of 56 typically developing 4-year-old kindergarten children from two SES and two language backgrounds: 29 children (15 higher SES, 14 lower SES) were monolingual German-speaking, and 27 children (14 higher SES, 13 lower SES) were successive Turkish-German bilinguals. The tests comprised a non-word repetition task testing phonological working memory, receptive vocabulary tests (in L1 and L2), and a narrative task. We i...
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AbstractThe aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Retrospective records of 30 patients of OSMF treated with BFP with atleast a year of follow-up were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups based on the stages of OSMF. Surgical management consisted of resection of fibrous bands, bilateral temporalis myotomy, and coronoidectomy followed by grafting with BFP. There were 17 patients of stage III (mouth opening 16 –25 mm) and 13 patients of stage IV OSMF (mouth opening less than 16 mm). The mean mouth opening of stage III group pre-operatively was 19.94 ± 2.19 mm which increased to a mean of 35.12 ± 5.69 mm (p < 0.0001). For patients with stage IV OSMF, the mouth opening increa...
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AbstractThe aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Retrospective records of 30 patients of OSMF treated with BFP with atleast a year of follow-up were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups based on the stages of OSMF. Surgical management consisted of resection of fibrous bands, bilateral temporalis myotomy, and coronoidectomy followed by grafting with BFP. There were 17 patients of stage III (mouth opening 16 –25 mm) and 13 patients of stage IV OSMF (mouth opening less than 16 mm). The mean mouth opening of stage III group pre-operatively was 19.94 ± 2.19 mm which increased to a mean of 35.12 ± 5.69 mm (p < 0.0001). For patients with stage IV OSMF, the mouth opening increa...
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This article reviews the FDA regulatory framework for medical devices, premarket evidentiary standards for marketing devices, and postmarket methods of safety surveillance. (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
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This article reviews the FDA regulatory framework for medical devices, premarket evidentiary standards for marketing devices, and postmarket methods of safety surveillance. (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
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This article discusses 2 major categories: cognitive biases, which affect how we perceive and interpret clinical data; and implicit biases, which affect how we perceive and respond to other individuals, and also discusses approaches to recognize and alleviate bias effects. (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
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In the 21st century, most medical care is not delivered by a single physician but rather, by a team. A team is a type of system, a set of people and things interacting together for a defined aim. The discipline of systems science concerns itself with how complex teams or organizations function. The application of systems science has had a major positive impact on safety and quality in such diverse disciplines as auto manufacturing, airline safety, and nuclear power generation. A modest understanding of how systems science applies to medical care can help improve safety and quality of care. (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
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In the 21st century, most medical care is not delivered by a single physician but rather, by a team. A team is a type of system, a set of people and things interacting together for a defined aim. The discipline of systems science concerns itself with how complex teams or organizations function. The application of systems science has had a major positive impact on safety and quality in such diverse disciplines as auto manufacturing, airline safety, and nuclear power generation. A modest understanding of how systems science applies to medical care can help improve safety and quality of care. (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
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Updated Date: Sep 20, 2018 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates)
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Updated Date: Sep 20, 2018 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates)
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Updated Date: Sep 17, 2018 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates)
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Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is the recommended preventative treatment for secondary ischaemic events, but increases the risk of bleeding, potentially affecting patients' health-related quality-of-life (HR...
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Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is the recommended preventative treatment for secondary ischaemic events, but increases the risk of bleeding, potentially affecting patients' health-related quality-of-life (HR...
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy. Early surgical treatment is superior to prolonged medical therapy in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. Successful surgical operations depend on the correct localization of the epileptogenic zone. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of hybrid TOF-PET/MR imaging–based multiparametric imaging in localizing the epileptogenic zone in patients with MR imaging-negative for temporal lobe epilepsy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty patients with MR imaging-negative temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent preoperative evaluation and 10 healthy controls were scanned using PET/MR imaging with simultaneous acquisition of PET and arterial spin-labeling. On the basis of the standardized uptake value and cerebral blood flow, receiver operating characteristic analysis and a logistic regression model were used to evaluate the predictive value for the localization. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical parametric mapping. The values of the standardized uptake value and cerebral blood flow, as well as the asymmetries of metabolism and perfusion, were compared between the 2 groups. Histopathologic findings were used as the criterion standard.
RESULTS:Complete concordance was noted in lateralization and localization among the PET, arterial spin-labeling, and histopathologic findings in 12/20 patients based on visual assessment. Concordance with histopathologic findings was also obtained for the remaining 8 patients based on the complementary PET and arterial spin-labeling information. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of PET, arterial spin-labeling, and combined PET and arterial spin-labeling were 100% and 81.8%, 83.3% and 54.5%, and 100% and 90.9%, respectively. When we compared the metabolic abnormalities in patients with those in healthy controls, hypometabolism was detected in the middle temporal gyrus (P < .001). Metabolism and perfusion asymmetries were also located in the temporal lobe (P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS:PET/MR imaging–based multiparametric imaging involving arterial spin-labeling may increase the clinical value of localizing the epileptogenic zone by providing concordant and complementary information in patients with MR imaging-negative temporal lobe epilepsy.
SUMMARY:
The American Society of Neuroradiology has teamed up with the American College of Radiology and the Radiological Society of North America to create a catalog of neuroradiology common data elements that addresses specific clinical use cases. Fundamentally, a common data element is a question, concept, measurement, or feature with a set of controlled responses. This could be a measurement, subjective assessment, or ordinal value. Common data elements can be both machine- and human-generated. Rather than redesigning neuroradiology reporting, the goal is to establish the minimum number of "essential" concepts that should be in a report to address a clinical question. As medicine shifts toward value-based service compensation methodologies, there will be an even greater need to benchmark quality care and allow peer-to-peer comparisons in all specialties. Many government programs are now focusing on these measures, the most recent being the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System and the Medicare Access Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015. Standardized or structured reporting is advocated as one method of assessing radiology report quality, and common data elements are a means for expressing these concepts. Incorporating common data elements into clinical practice fosters a number of very useful downstream processes including establishing benchmarks for quality-assurance programs, ensuring more accurate billing, improving communication to providers and patients, participating in public health initiatives, creating comparative effectiveness research, and providing classifiers for machine learning. Generalized adoption of the recommended common data elements in clinical practice will provide the means to collect and compare imaging report data from multiple institutions locally, regionally, and even nationally, to establish quality benchmarks.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Fetal MRI has become a valuable tool in the evaluation of open spinal dysraphisms making studies comparing prenatal and postnatal MRI findings increasingly important. Our aim was to determine the accuracy of predicting the level of the spinal dysraphic defect of open spinal dysraphisms on fetal MR imaging and to report additional findings observed when comparing fetal and postnatal MR imaging of the spine in this population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:A single-center retrospective analysis was performed of fetal MRIs with open spinal dysraphisms from 2004 through 2016 with available diagnostic postnatal spine MR imaging. Images were reviewed by 2 board-certified fellowship-trained pediatric neuroradiologists. Corresponding clinical/operative reports were reviewed.
RESULTS:One hundred nineteen fetal MRIs of open spinal dysraphisms were included. The level of the osseous defect between fetal and postnatal MR imaging was concordant in 42.9% (51/119) of cases and was 1 level different in 39% (47/119) of cases. On postnatal MR imaging, type II split cord malformation was seen in 8.4% (10/119) of cases, with only 50% (5/10) of these cases identified prospectively on fetal MR imaging. Syrinx was noted in 3% (4/119) of prenatal studies, all cervical, all confirmed on postnatal MR imaging.
CONCLUSIONS:Fetal MR imaging is accurate in detecting the level of the spinal dysraphic defect, which has an impact on prenatal counseling, neurologic outcomes, and eligibility for fetal surgery. In addition, fetal MR imaging is limited in its ability to detect split cord malformations in patients with open spinal dysraphisms. Although rare, fetal MR imaging has a high specificity for detection of cervical spinal cord syrinx.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Experienced freedivers can endure prolonged breath-holds despite severe hypoxemia and are therefore ideal subjects to study apnea-induced cerebrovascular reactivity. This multiparametric study investigated CBF, the spatial coefficient of variation as a correlate of arterial transit time and brain metabolism, dynamics during prolonged apnea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Fifteen male freedivers (age range, 20–64 years; cumulative previous prolonged breath-holds >2 minutes and 30 seconds: 4–79,200) underwent repetitive 3T pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling and 31P-/1H-MR spectroscopy before, during, and after a 5-minute breath-hold (split into early and late phases) and gave temporally matching venous blood gas samples. Correlation of temporal and regional cerebrovascular reactivity to blood gases and cumulative previous breath-holds of >2 minutes and 30 seconds in a lifetime was assessed.
RESULTS:The spatial coefficient of variation of CBF (by arterial spin-labeling) decreased during the early breath-hold phase (–30.0%, P = .002), whereas CBF remained almost stable during this phase and increased in the late phase (+51.8%, P = .001). CBF differed between the anterior and the posterior circulation during all phases (eg, during late breath-hold: MCA, 57.3 ± 14.2 versus posterior cerebral artery, 42.7 ± 10.8 mL/100 g/min; P = .001). There was an association between breath-hold experience and lower CBF (1000 previous breath-holds reduced WM CBF by 0.6 mL/100 g/min; 95% CI, 0.15–1.1 mL/100 g/min; P = .01). While breath-hold caused peripheral lactate rise (+18.5%) and hypoxemia (oxygen saturation, –24.0%), cerebral lactate and adenosine diphosphate remained within physiologic ranges despite early signs of oxidative stress [–6.4% phosphocreatine / (adenosine triphosphate + adenosine diphosphate); P = .02].
CONCLUSIONS:This study revealed that the cerebral energy metabolism of trained freedivers withstands severe hypoxic hypercarbia in prolonged breath-hold due to a complex cerebrovascular hemodynamic response.
Bisphosphonate-induced maxillary osteonecrosis is characterized by an exposed bone area in the jaws. The bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other diseases that may cause bone loss. The disease is classified in 3 stages, with the third, the most severe, characterized by necrotic bone exposure beyond the alveolar ridge region and observed on x-ray and computed tomography exams. This report described a stage III clinical case of bilateral maxillary osteonecrosis. A buccal fat pad was used for bucosinusal fistulae closure and occlusion of the bone defect after resection of the meso and infrastructure of the upper jaw in the surgical treatment of a large area of jaw osteonecrosis after teeth extractions in a patient using aminobisphosphonate to control the progression of bone metastasis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
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Clear cell adenocarcinoma, a rare tumor of the head and neck region, affects mainly the minor salivary glands. A 47-year-old woman presented with a submucosal nodule on the upper labial mucosa that was firm on palpation, with an ulcerated surface, which had evolved approximately 3 years earlier. Ultrasonography showed an oval shaped nodule, well delimited, measuring 10 × 17 × 15 mm, moderately vascularized. Preoperative tests were requested, and an incisional biopsy was performed. The histopathological examination showed neoplasia constituted by monomorphic clear cells.
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Odontogenic keratocyst has been reintroduced as a cyst in the 2017 World Health Organization classification. A 55-year-old woman presented with a painless swelling in the right retromolar region. The radiographic image disclosed a well-circumscribed, unilocular, radiolucent lesion in the right mandibular region, measuring approximately 3 cm in diameter. Incisional biopsy was performed for diagnosis. A diagnosis of keratocystic odontogenic cyst was made. Suture dehiscence occurred in the postoperative period, and the patient performed daily irrigation of the cavity with saline solution for 20 months.
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Objective: Digit ratio (2D:4D) is used as a marker in studies evaluating susceptibility to diseases, especially the diseases that show differences in incidence with respect to gender. We aimed to assess whether 2D:4D ratios are associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and to verify the existence of a specific pattern of 2D:4D ratio in individuals affected by orofacial clefts.
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Jalili syndrome (JS-OMIM #217080) is an autosomal recessive disease with ocular and dental manifestations, resulting in dystrophy of rods and cones in the retina and amelogenesis imperfecta. It is reported that JS is caused by mutations in locus 2q11, which encodes the metal transporter gene CNNM4. In the current report, we describe a 9-year-old girl with a diagnosis of congenital loss of vision (Leber's congenital amaurosis) and yellowish, brittle, and painless teeth (amelogenesis imperfecta). Genetic analysis revealed heterozygous missense mutations c.971T>C in exon 1 and c.1742C>G in exon 4 of CNNM4.
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Odontomas are tumors of odontogenic origin, formed when both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells undergo differentiation to form the enamel and dentin with variable amounts of cementum and pulp tissue. It is termed as a compound odontoma when the tumor forms a collection of small structures resembling the teeth. The present case is of compound odontoma in the left mandibular region, under the impacted second deciduous molar, in a 4-year-old girl. On the basis of the clinical and radiographic features, the initial diagnosis of compound odontomas was made, and surgical treatment was indicated.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy. Early surgical treatment is superior to prolonged medical therapy in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. Successful surgical operations depend on the correct localization of the epileptogenic zone. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of hybrid TOF-PET/MR imaging–based multiparametric imaging in localizing the epileptogenic zone in patients with MR imaging-negative for temporal lobe epilepsy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty patients with MR imaging-negative temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent preoperative evaluation and 10 healthy controls were scanned using PET/MR imaging with simultaneous acquisition of PET and arterial spin-labeling. On the basis of the standardized uptake value and cerebral blood flow, receiver operating characteristic analysis and a logistic regression model were used to evaluate the predictive value for the localization. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical parametric mapping. The values of the standardized uptake value and cerebral blood flow, as well as the asymmetries of metabolism and perfusion, were compared between the 2 groups. Histopathologic findings were used as the criterion standard.
RESULTS:Complete concordance was noted in lateralization and localization among the PET, arterial spin-labeling, and histopathologic findings in 12/20 patients based on visual assessment. Concordance with histopathologic findings was also obtained for the remaining 8 patients based on the complementary PET and arterial spin-labeling information. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of PET, arterial spin-labeling, and combined PET and arterial spin-labeling were 100% and 81.8%, 83.3% and 54.5%, and 100% and 90.9%, respectively. When we compared the metabolic abnormalities in patients with those in healthy controls, hypometabolism was detected in the middle temporal gyrus (P < .001). Metabolism and perfusion asymmetries were also located in the temporal lobe (P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS:PET/MR imaging–based multiparametric imaging involving arterial spin-labeling may increase the clinical value of localizing the epileptogenic zone by providing concordant and complementary information in patients with MR imaging-negative temporal lobe epilepsy.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Conventional MR imaging can provide important clues regarding the location of a spinal vascular malformation. We hypothesized that a dilated vein of the filum terminale, identified as a curvilinear flow void on T2WI, could be an imaging marker for a lower lumbar (L3–L5) or sacral fistula.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively identified all spinal dural and spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas from 2 large tertiary referral centers from 2005 to 2018. All patients had a lumbar spinal MR imaging and a conventional spinal angiography. Images were reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists who categorized the level of the arterial feeder to the fistula and the presence or absence of a dilated vein of the filum terminale on T2WI and T1 postcontrast images. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the presence of a dilated filum terminale vein for a deep lumbar or sacral fistula.
RESULTS:One hundred sixty-two patients were included. An enlarged filum terminale vein was identified in 39 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the presence of a dilated filum terminale vein for a deep lumbar or sacral fistula were 86%, 98.3%, 94.9%, and 95.1%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:The presence of a dilated vein of the filum terminale can accurately localize a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula/spinal epidural arteriovenous fistula to the lower lumbar or sacral spine in patients being evaluated for such lesions. This finding can be used to facilitate both noninvasive and conventional spinal angiography.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
We present the largest case series to date on basiocciput abnormalities in CHARGE syndrome (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth and/or development, Genital and/or urinary abnormalities, and Ear abnormalities and/or deafness). We aimed to show that basiocciput abnormalities are common and may aid in diagnosis. We furthermore explored whether clivus size correlates with the type of chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 7 gene (CHD7) mutation, which causes CHARGE syndrome, and with clinical criteria according to Blake et al and Verloes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed the clivus of 23 patients with CHARGE syndrome with CHD7 mutations on MR imaging or CT. We recorded the size of the clivus, the Welcher angle, basilar invagination, and Chiari I malformations. We compared the clival size and Welcher angle of patients with CHARGE syndrome with those of 72 age-matched controls. Additionally, we tested for correlations between clivus size and mutation type or clinical criteria.
RESULTS:Eighty-seven percent of the patients with CHARGE syndrome had an abnormal clivus; 61% had a clivus >2.5 SD smaller than that of age-matched controls. An abnormally large Welcher angle was observed in 35%. Basiocciput hypoplasia was found in 70%, and basilar invagination, in 29%. None of the patients had a Chiari I malformation. At the group level, patients with CHARGE syndrome had a smaller clivus and larger Welcher angle than controls. No significant correlation between clivus size and mutation type or clinical criteria was found.
CONCLUSIONS:Most patients with CHARGE syndrome have an abnormal clivus. This suggests that clivus abnormalities may be used as an additional diagnostic tool. Our results provide evidence that CHD7, which is expressed in the presomitic mesoderm during somitogenesis, plays an important role in the formation of the clivus.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Experienced freedivers can endure prolonged breath-holds despite severe hypoxemia and are therefore ideal subjects to study apnea-induced cerebrovascular reactivity. This multiparametric study investigated CBF, the spatial coefficient of variation as a correlate of arterial transit time and brain metabolism, dynamics during prolonged apnea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Fifteen male freedivers (age range, 20–64 years; cumulative previous prolonged breath-holds >2 minutes and 30 seconds: 4–79,200) underwent repetitive 3T pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling and 31P-/1H-MR spectroscopy before, during, and after a 5-minute breath-hold (split into early and late phases) and gave temporally matching venous blood gas samples. Correlation of temporal and regional cerebrovascular reactivity to blood gases and cumulative previous breath-holds of >2 minutes and 30 seconds in a lifetime was assessed.
RESULTS:The spatial coefficient of variation of CBF (by arterial spin-labeling) decreased during the early breath-hold phase (–30.0%, P = .002), whereas CBF remained almost stable during this phase and increased in the late phase (+51.8%, P = .001). CBF differed between the anterior and the posterior circulation during all phases (eg, during late breath-hold: MCA, 57.3 ± 14.2 versus posterior cerebral artery, 42.7 ± 10.8 mL/100 g/min; P = .001). There was an association between breath-hold experience and lower CBF (1000 previous breath-holds reduced WM CBF by 0.6 mL/100 g/min; 95% CI, 0.15–1.1 mL/100 g/min; P = .01). While breath-hold caused peripheral lactate rise (+18.5%) and hypoxemia (oxygen saturation, –24.0%), cerebral lactate and adenosine diphosphate remained within physiologic ranges despite early signs of oxidative stress [–6.4% phosphocreatine / (adenosine triphosphate + adenosine diphosphate); P = .02].
CONCLUSIONS:This study revealed that the cerebral energy metabolism of trained freedivers withstands severe hypoxic hypercarbia in prolonged breath-hold due to a complex cerebrovascular hemodynamic response.
SUMMARY:
We describe the prevalence and potential significance of deep medullary vein engorgement on SWI in patients with neurosarcoidosis, a finding that has not been described previously. Engorgement was evaluated for possible associations with meningeal or perivascular disease, intracranial hemorrhage, and venous thrombosis, as well as with modified Rankin Scale scores at the time of MR imaging and at follow-up. Deep medullary vein engorgement was seen in 7 of 21 patients and was more common in men. Patients with venous engorgement had a significantly increased incidence of microhemorrhages, perivascular disease, and hydrocephalus. There was no association with the degree of leptomeningeal disease, venous dural sinus thrombosis, or modified Rankin Scale scores. In conclusion, deep medullary vein engorgement was common in our patients with neurosarcoidosis. Although its pathophysiology remains uncertain, it could be related to venous or perivenous abnormalities and may represent a useful secondary finding of cerebrovascular disease.
Bisphosphonate-induced maxillary osteonecrosis is characterized by an exposed bone area in the jaws. The bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other diseases that may cause bone loss. The disease is classified in 3 stages, with the third, the most severe, characterized by necrotic bone exposure beyond the alveolar ridge region and observed on x-ray and computed tomography exams. This report described a stage III clinical case of bilateral maxillary osteonecrosis. A buccal fat pad was used for bucosinusal fistulae closure and occlusion of the bone defect after resection of the meso and infrastructure of the upper jaw in the surgical treatment of a large area of jaw osteonecrosis after teeth extractions in a patient using aminobisphosphonate to control the progression of bone metastasis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
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Clear cell adenocarcinoma, a rare tumor of the head and neck region, affects mainly the minor salivary glands. A 47-year-old woman presented with a submucosal nodule on the upper labial mucosa that was firm on palpation, with an ulcerated surface, which had evolved approximately 3 years earlier. Ultrasonography showed an oval shaped nodule, well delimited, measuring 10 × 17 × 15 mm, moderately vascularized. Preoperative tests were requested, and an incisional biopsy was performed. The histopathological examination showed neoplasia constituted by monomorphic clear cells.
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A 59-year-old Caucasian man was referred for evaluation of a painless mass in the maxilla, with a duration of 30 days, previously diagnosed as dental abscess and treated with antibiotics. Clinical examination revealed a large mass in the right posterior maxilla, also affecting the hard palate, with an erythematous mucosa and soft consistency. Computed tomography showed complete maxillary sinus involvement; an incisional biopsy was performed with the clinical hypothesis of lymphoma or metastasis.
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Adenomatoid odontogenic tumors represent approximately 2% to 7% of all odontogenic tumors and has a striking tendency to occur in the anterior portion of the maxilla of young females. A 19-year-old man presented with a painless expansion in the anterior region of the mandible, with an 8-month evolution period. Computed tomography analysis showed a well-circumscribed radiolucent lesion with radiopaque foci involving the region from the first right lower premolar to first lower left premolar associated with an impacted canine.
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Odontogenic keratocyst has been reintroduced as a cyst in the 2017 World Health Organization classification. A 55-year-old woman presented with a painless swelling in the right retromolar region. The radiographic image disclosed a well-circumscribed, unilocular, radiolucent lesion in the right mandibular region, measuring approximately 3 cm in diameter. Incisional biopsy was performed for diagnosis. A diagnosis of keratocystic odontogenic cyst was made. Suture dehiscence occurred in the postoperative period, and the patient performed daily irrigation of the cavity with saline solution for 20 months.
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The present work aims to report 3 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Patient 1: a 14-year-old girl with a telangiectatic hard swelling on the palate and trismus. An incisional biopsy was suggestive of ACC, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Radiotherapy was the treatment of choice, with no recurrence. Patient 2: a 36-year-old woman with a hard swelling involving the palate and maxillary tuberosity. Surgical excision with 1-cm clear margins was performed. An adjuvant therapy was performed with no recurrence.
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Objective: Digit ratio (2D:4D) is used as a marker in studies evaluating susceptibility to diseases, especially the diseases that show differences in incidence with respect to gender. We aimed to assess whether 2D:4D ratios are associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and to verify the existence of a specific pattern of 2D:4D ratio in individuals affected by orofacial clefts.
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Jalili syndrome (JS-OMIM #217080) is an autosomal recessive disease with ocular and dental manifestations, resulting in dystrophy of rods and cones in the retina and amelogenesis imperfecta. It is reported that JS is caused by mutations in locus 2q11, which encodes the metal transporter gene CNNM4. In the current report, we describe a 9-year-old girl with a diagnosis of congenital loss of vision (Leber's congenital amaurosis) and yellowish, brittle, and painless teeth (amelogenesis imperfecta). Genetic analysis revealed heterozygous missense mutations c.971T>C in exon 1 and c.1742C>G in exon 4 of CNNM4.
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Odontomas are tumors of odontogenic origin, formed when both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells undergo differentiation to form the enamel and dentin with variable amounts of cementum and pulp tissue. It is termed as a compound odontoma when the tumor forms a collection of small structures resembling the teeth. The present case is of compound odontoma in the left mandibular region, under the impacted second deciduous molar, in a 4-year-old girl. On the basis of the clinical and radiographic features, the initial diagnosis of compound odontomas was made, and surgical treatment was indicated.
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Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare oral soft tissue malignant tumor with pathologic features that may influence the clinical behavior, treatment, and prognosis of the lesion. We report the case of a 13-year-old female patient presenting with an asymptomatic polypoid swelling in the left jugal mucosa measuring approximately 2.5 cm in diameter and of 3 months evolution. The presumptive diagnosis was fibrous hyperplasia. An excisional biopsy was carried out. Pathologic analysis revealed proliferation of predominantly ovoid cells, with eosinophilic cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei, arranged in the subepithelial cambium layer.
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Objective: To treat and evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of smokers before and after smoking cessation treatment.
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Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland neoplasm and has several peculiar histopathologic features, such as tyrosine-rich crystalloids (TRCs), which can be present in 2% of PA cases. A 58-year-old woman underwent surgery to excise a parotid gland lesion. The surgical sample measured 30 × 26 × 24 mm; hematoxylin and eosin slides implicated PA comprising neoplastic strands of epithelial–myoepithelial cells, with some duct-like structures scattered in abundant loose stroma with unusual basophilic flower-shaped structures.
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Source: blog.cvn.com Author: Arlin Crisco R.J. Reynolds was hit with a $6.5 million verdict Tuesday for the part jurors found the […]
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To assess the correlation of skip metastases associated with increase in tumor thickness and size of the tumor.
A retrospective analysis was carried out from August 2009 to August 2015. In this study, a total number of 33 carcinoma tongue patients having T1, T2, and T3 sizes with N0 and N+ clinical necks who were treated by supraomohyoid neck dissection, extended supraomohyoid neck dissection, and modified radical neck dissection were analyzed. The data was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk W test, Nagelkerke R2 regression model, mean, and standard deviation.
Metastasis to lymph nodes was present in 75% of patients. Level I and level II were the commonest sites to be involved, i.e., 20 patients. Three patients had skip metastasis out of which two patients had metastasis at level III (6%), and one patient had skip metastasis at level IV (3%).
The incidence of skip metastasis increases with tumor thickness and tumor size in tongue carcinoma patients.
The article reveals the positive relationship between tumor thickness, tumor size, and skip metastasis. The analysis shows tumor thickness as a higher predictor for skip metastasis with odds ratio of 5.5 compared to the tumor size having odd ratio 2.
Source: blog.cvn.com Author: Arlin Crisco R.J. Reynolds was hit with a $6.5 million verdict Tuesday for the part jurors found the […]
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DhdaFD
To assess the correlation of skip metastases associated with increase in tumor thickness and size of the tumor.
A retrospective analysis was carried out from August 2009 to August 2015. In this study, a total number of 33 carcinoma tongue patients having T1, T2, and T3 sizes with N0 and N+ clinical necks who were treated by supraomohyoid neck dissection, extended supraomohyoid neck dissection, and modified radical neck dissection were analyzed. The data was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk W test, Nagelkerke R2 regression model, mean, and standard deviation.
Metastasis to lymph nodes was present in 75% of patients. Level I and level II were the commonest sites to be involved, i.e., 20 patients. Three patients had skip metastasis out of which two patients had metastasis at level III (6%), and one patient had skip metastasis at level IV (3%).
The incidence of skip metastasis increases with tumor thickness and tumor size in tongue carcinoma patients.
The article reveals the positive relationship between tumor thickness, tumor size, and skip metastasis. The analysis shows tumor thickness as a higher predictor for skip metastasis with odds ratio of 5.5 compared to the tumor size having odd ratio 2.
| Unusual vertigo can be triggered by coughing or loud noises Marshall News MessengerFull coverage |
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| Head And Neck Cancer Treatment Market Shows Expected Growth from 2018-2022 to Guide With Report Trends ... Redfield Herald (press release) (blog)Full coverage |
Source: blog.cvn.com Author: Arlin Crisco R.J. Reynolds was hit with a $6.5 million verdict Tuesday for the part jurors found the […]
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Source: blog.cvn.com Author: Arlin Crisco R.J. Reynolds was hit with a $6.5 million verdict Tuesday for the part jurors found the […]
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From Clinical Thyroidology® for the Public: Treatment-free survival, which is living without the need for treatment for recurrent cancer, is an important outcome for thyroid cancer patients. The goal of this study was to understand factors associated with treatment-free survival in the general population, because this will enable the care teams to tailor long term follow up to a particular situation, and, many times, help decrease patient worry. Read More…
We welcome your feedback and suggestions. Let us know what you want to see in this publication.
Feedback & SuggestionsThe post Clinical Thyroidology<sup>®</sup>for the Public – Highlighted Article appeared first on American Thyroid Association.
From Clinical Thyroidology® for the Public: Treatment-free survival, which is living without the need for treatment for recurrent cancer, is an important outcome for thyroid cancer patients. The goal of this study was to understand factors associated with treatment-free survival in the general population, because this will enable the care teams to tailor long term follow up to a particular situation, and, many times, help decrease patient worry. Read More…
We welcome your feedback and suggestions. Let us know what you want to see in this publication.
Feedback & SuggestionsThe post Clinical Thyroidology<sup>®</sup>for the Public – Highlighted Article appeared first on American Thyroid Association.
Our study enabled the identification of significant pharmacovigilance signals for 52 drugs associated with CLS. The diagnosis of drug-induced CLS cannot be ruled out based on the absence of the typical findings of idiopathic CLS. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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The incidence of FPIES in our study is 0.7%, well above the rate reported previously. FPIES is "not so rare, after all" 3. Maintaining a high level of suspicion is vital to diagnose this disease. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Eosinophils are associated with allergic asthma and GM-CSF intrinsically promotes their accumulation in the inflamed lung (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Our study enabled the identification of significant pharmacovigilance signals for 52 drugs associated with CLS. The diagnosis of drug-induced CLS cannot be ruled out based on the absence of the typical findings of idiopathic CLS. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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The incidence of FPIES in our study is 0.7%, well above the rate reported previously. FPIES is "not so rare, after all" 3. Maintaining a high level of suspicion is vital to diagnose this disease. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Eosinophils are associated with allergic asthma and GM-CSF intrinsically promotes their accumulation in the inflamed lung (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Estefan ía Paula Juliá, Analía Amante, María Betina Pampena, José Mordoh, Estrella Mariel Levy (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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ConclusionThis study highlights similarities and differences in clinical and genetic spectrum of the most common PAD-associated gene defects. This comprehensive comparison will facilitate clinical decision making, and improve prognosis and targeted treatment. (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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ConclusionsThis is the first study demonstrating the negative impact of antibiotic allergy labels on clinical outcomes in children, as evidenced by significant alternate antibiotic use and longer hospital lengths of stay. (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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Publication date: Available online 19 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Juan Carlos Cardet, Christopher D. Codispoti, Tonya S. King, Leonard Bacharier, Tara Carr, Mario Castro, Vernon Chinchilli, Ryan Dunn, Fernando Holquin, Linda Engle, Kyle Nelson, Victor E. Ortega, Michael Peters, Sima Ramratnam, Jerry A. Krishnan, Michael E. Wechsler, Elliot Israel, NHLBI Asthmanet (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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We report two patients with normocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis with impressive response to omalizumab. This contrasts recent reports on hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome, highlighting the need for clinical trials of omalizumab in normocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis. (Source: Clinical and Translational Allergy)
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Diagnosis and management of asthma is commonly implemented based on clinical assessment. Although these nonmolecular biomarkers have been useful, limited resolution of the heterogeneity among asthmatic patients and little information regarding the underlying pathobiology of disease in individuals have been provided. Molecular endotying using global transcriptome expression profiling associated with clinical features of asthma has improved our understanding of disease mechanisms, risk assessment of asthma exacerbations, and treatment responses, especially in patients with type 2 inflammation. Further advances in establishing pathobiological subgroups, bioactive pathways, and true disease endotypes hold potential for a more personalized medical approach in asthmatic patients. (Source: Immuno...
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Eosinophils are critical in asthma biology, contributing to symptoms, airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. In severe asthma, in addition to local maturation in bone marrow, in situ eosinophilopoiesis plays a key role in the persistence of airway eosinophilia. Local milieu of structural, epithelial and inflammatory cells contribute by generating eosinophilopoietic cytokines in response to epithelial-derived alarmins. Another mechanism of persistent airway eosinophilia is glucocorticosteroid insensitivity, which is linked to recurrent airway infections and presence of local autoantibodies. Novel molecules are being developed to target specific immune pathways as potential steroid-sparing strategies. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
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It is vital for any field in medicine to attract the best and brightest learners to ensure that the specialty continues to provide outstanding clinical care and cutting-edge research. This is especially true for the field of Allergy and Immunology (AI) as graduates of AI training programs have a very large depth and breadth of environments in which to practice, from private practice to faculty at a large tertiary care medical center to working in industry, integrated healthcare organizations, or for the government. (Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology)
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Eosinophils are associated with allergic asthma and GM-CSF intrinsically promotes their accumulation in the inflamed lung (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2xtTqJF
The incidence of FPIES in our study is 0.7%, well above the rate reported previously. FPIES is "not so rare, after all" 3. Maintaining a high level of suspicion is vital to diagnose this disease. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a biomarker used to identify allergic airway inflammation. Because it is noninvasive and easy to obtain, its utility has been studied in the diagnosis and management of several respiratory diseases. Much of the research has been done in asthma, and many studies support the use of FENO in aiding diagnosing asthma, predicting steroid responsiveness, and preventing exacerbations by guiding medication dosage and assessing adherence. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
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Estefan ía Paula Juliá, Analía Amante, María Betina Pampena, José Mordoh, Estrella Mariel Levy (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
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ConclusionThis study highlights similarities and differences in clinical and genetic spectrum of the most common PAD-associated gene defects. This comprehensive comparison will facilitate clinical decision making, and improve prognosis and targeted treatment. (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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ConclusionsThis is the first study demonstrating the negative impact of antibiotic allergy labels on clinical outcomes in children, as evidenced by significant alternate antibiotic use and longer hospital lengths of stay. (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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Publication date: Available online 19 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Byrthe J.P.R. Vos, Anthony E.J. Dubois, Michèle M. Rauber, Wolfgang Pfützner, Michaela Miehe, Barbara Bohle, Christian Möbs, Joanne N.G. Oude Elberink (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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Publication date: Available online 19 September 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In PracticeAuthor(s): Juan Carlos Cardet, Christopher D. Codispoti, Tonya S. King, Leonard Bacharier, Tara Carr, Mario Castro, Vernon Chinchilli, Ryan Dunn, Fernando Holquin, Linda Engle, Kyle Nelson, Victor E. Ortega, Michael Peters, Sima Ramratnam, Jerry A. Krishnan, Michael E. Wechsler, Elliot Israel, NHLBI Asthmanet (Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice)
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We report two patients with normocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis with impressive response to omalizumab. This contrasts recent reports on hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome, highlighting the need for clinical trials of omalizumab in normocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis. (Source: Clinical and Translational Allergy)
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Diagnosis and management of asthma is commonly implemented based on clinical assessment. Although these nonmolecular biomarkers have been useful, limited resolution of the heterogeneity among asthmatic patients and little information regarding the underlying pathobiology of disease in individuals have been provided. Molecular endotying using global transcriptome expression profiling associated with clinical features of asthma has improved our understanding of disease mechanisms, risk assessment of asthma exacerbations, and treatment responses, especially in patients with type 2 inflammation. Further advances in establishing pathobiological subgroups, bioactive pathways, and true disease endotypes hold potential for a more personalized medical approach in asthmatic patients. (Source: Immuno...
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Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a bilateral inflammatory ocular condition often brought on by an allergic response. Patients with VKC commonly exhibit ocular symptoms such as photophobia, redness of the eyes, itching, discharge, and lacrimation, which can have profound effects on quality of life. The pathogenesis of the disease is both immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE mediated, invoking several hypersensitivity mechanisms. The treatment for VKC is mainly centered on symptom control with the use of antihistamines, calcineurin inhibitors, and corticosteroids. (Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology)
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Measurement of urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a sensitive and noninvasive method of assaying total body cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) production and changes in CysLT production. Recent studies have reported on novel LTE4 receptor interactions and genetic polymorphisms causing CysLT variability. The applications of uLTE4 as a biomarker continue to expand, including evaluation of environmental exposures, asthma severity risk, aspirin sensitivity, predicting atopy in preschool age children, obstructive sleep apnea, and predicting susceptibility to leukotriene receptor antagonists. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
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Eosinophils are critical in asthma biology, contributing to symptoms, airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. In severe asthma, in addition to local maturation in bone marrow, in situ eosinophilopoiesis plays a key role in the persistence of airway eosinophilia. Local milieu of structural, epithelial and inflammatory cells contribute by generating eosinophilopoietic cytokines in response to epithelial-derived alarmins. Another mechanism of persistent airway eosinophilia is glucocorticosteroid insensitivity, which is linked to recurrent airway infections and presence of local autoantibodies. Novel molecules are being developed to target specific immune pathways as potential steroid-sparing strategies. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
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Chronic rhinosinusitis is a complex disease that exists along the inflammatory spectrum between types 1 and 2 inflammation. The classic phenotypic differentiation of chronic rhinosinusitis based on the presence or absence of inflammatory polyps remains one of the best differentiators of response to therapy. Development of biologics for the treatment of atopic disease and asthma and topical therapies for sinusitis have placed renewed emphasis on understanding the pathophysiology of polyp disease. Identification of key markers of polyposis will allow for better stratification of inflammatory polyp disease endotypes to objectively identify medical therapies and track response to treatment. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
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It is vital for any field in medicine to attract the best and brightest learners to ensure that the specialty continues to provide outstanding clinical care and cutting-edge research. This is especially true for the field of Allergy and Immunology (AI) as graduates of AI training programs have a very large depth and breadth of environments in which to practice, from private practice to faculty at a large tertiary care medical center to working in industry, integrated healthcare organizations, or for the government. (Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology)
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Eosinophils are associated with allergic asthma and GM-CSF intrinsically promotes their accumulation in the inflamed lung (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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The incidence of FPIES in our study is 0.7%, well above the rate reported previously. FPIES is "not so rare, after all" 3. Maintaining a high level of suspicion is vital to diagnose this disease. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a biomarker used to identify allergic airway inflammation. Because it is noninvasive and easy to obtain, its utility has been studied in the diagnosis and management of several respiratory diseases. Much of the research has been done in asthma, and many studies support the use of FENO in aiding diagnosing asthma, predicting steroid responsiveness, and preventing exacerbations by guiding medication dosage and assessing adherence. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
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The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Retrospective records of 30 patients of OSMF treated with BFP with atleast a year of follow-up were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups based on the stages of OSMF. Surgical management consisted of resection of fibrous bands, bilateral temporalis myotomy, and coronoidectomy followed by grafting with BFP. There were 17 patients of stage III (mouth opening 16–25 mm) and 13 patients of stage IV OSMF (mouth opening less than 16 mm). The mean mouth opening of stage III group pre-operatively was 19.94 ± 2.19 mm which increased to a mean of 35.12 ± 5.69 mm (p < 0.0001). For patients with stage IV OSMF, the mouth opening increased from a pre-operative of 10.23 ± 4.07 mm to a post-operative of 31.46 ± 6.78 mm (p < 0.0001). No intra-operative complications were noted in any patient. Relapse was seen in 1 patient (5.8%) of stage III while 3 patients (23.07%) had relapse in stage IV group. Our results indicate that BFP is a good flap owing to its benefits which are easy to harvest and entails minimal morbidity for management of OSMF.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Retrospective records of 30 patients of OSMF treated with BFP with atleast a year of follow-up were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups based on the stages of OSMF. Surgical management consisted of resection of fibrous bands, bilateral temporalis myotomy, and coronoidectomy followed by grafting with BFP. There were 17 patients of stage III (mouth opening 16–25 mm) and 13 patients of stage IV OSMF (mouth opening less than 16 mm). The mean mouth opening of stage III group pre-operatively was 19.94 ± 2.19 mm which increased to a mean of 35.12 ± 5.69 mm (p < 0.0001). For patients with stage IV OSMF, the mouth opening increased from a pre-operative of 10.23 ± 4.07 mm to a post-operative of 31.46 ± 6.78 mm (p < 0.0001). No intra-operative complications were noted in any patient. Relapse was seen in 1 patient (5.8%) of stage III while 3 patients (23.07%) had relapse in stage IV group. Our results indicate that BFP is a good flap owing to its benefits which are easy to harvest and entails minimal morbidity for management of OSMF.
Authors: PMID: 30229706 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Recent Patents on Inflammation and Allergy Drug Discovery)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO CONTRIBUTORS. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2018;12(2):189 Authors: PMID: 30229707 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Recent Patents on Inflammation and Allergy Drug Discovery)
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Authors: Theodoraki MN, Hoffmann TK, Jackson EK, Whiteside TL Abstract Exosomes in plasma of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients comprise subsets of vesicles derived from various cells. Recently, we separated CD3(+) from CD3(-) exosomes by immune capture. CD3(-) exosomes were largely tumour-derived (CD44v3+ ). Both subsets carried immunosuppressive proteins and inhibited functions of human immune cells. The role of these subsets in immune cell reprogramming by the tumour was investigated by focusing on the adenosine pathway components. Spontaneous adenosine production by CD3(+) or CD3(-) exosomes was measured by mass spectrometry, as was the production of adenosine by CD4+ CD39+ regulatory T cells (Treg ) co-incubated with these exosomes. The highest level of CD3...
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CONCLUSION: Our results reveal a role of YY1 involved in neutrophils infiltration in RA via a PI3K/Akt/mTOR/IL-8 signaling pathway. YY1 may be a new therapeutic target for treatment of RA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 30229869 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)
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Authors: Fergusson JR, Ussher JE, Kurioka A, Klenerman P, Walker LJ Abstract High expression of the ATP-binding cassette-multi-drug efflux protein 1 (MDR1) is a striking feature of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a prominent human innate-like T cell subset. We demonstrate significantly higher MDR1 expression by CD8 + CD161 ++ Vα7.2 + MAIT cells than the phenotypically and functionally related CD8 + CD161 ++ Vα7.2-subset and show MDR1 expression to be similarly high throughout MAIT CD4 + , CD8 + , double-negative (DN) and double-positive (DP) cell subsets. We demonstrate the MAIT cell-predominant CD8+ CD161++ subset to uniquely and efficiently efflux the cytotoxic anthracycline daunorubicin, retain function on daunorubicin exposure and demonstrate MDR1-dependent prote...
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Authors: PMID: 30229706 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Recent Patents on Inflammation and Allergy Drug Discovery)
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