Effects of miRNA‐342‐3p in modulating Hegdehog signaling pathway of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by down‐regulating Sufu

Abstract

Objective

Previously, we have shown that miRNA‐342‐3p was increased during osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) via regulating the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway. In this study, our objective is to further investigate the role of miRNA‐342‐3p in activation of Shh pathway by targeting suppressor of fused protein (Sufu), a suppressor of transcriptional factor Gli, as well as the potential interaction with transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling pathway during osteogenic induction of hUCMSCs.

Materials And Methods

HUCMSCs that stable overexpression or knockdown of miRNA‐342‐3p were established by infection with lentiviral vectors. mRNA and protein levels of Hedgehog signaling pathway and osteogenic genes were measured by RT‐qPCR and western blot assays. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to test the direct binding site of Sufu 5′UTR targeted by miRNA‐342‐3p.

Results

Over‐expression of miRNA‐342‐3p in hUCMSCs enhanced the expression of osteogenic genes by targeting Sufu. And the potential of osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs was inhibited while knockdown miRNA‐342‐3p. Meanwhile, induced the TGF‐β level was also observed upon over‐expressing miRNA‐342‐3p, suggesting activation of TGF‐β signaling pathway was a potential mechanism of miRNA‐342‐3p mediated osteogenesis in hUCMSCs.

Conclusions

Our findings provide new mechanistic evidence that miRNA‐342‐3p might be a valuable therapeutic target in bone regeneration.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effects of miRNA‐342‐3p in modulating Hegdehog signaling pathway of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by down‐regulating Sufu

Abstract

Objective

Previously, we have shown that miRNA‐342‐3p was increased during osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) via regulating the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway. In this study, our objective is to further investigate the role of miRNA‐342‐3p in activation of Shh pathway by targeting suppressor of fused protein (Sufu), a suppressor of transcriptional factor Gli, as well as the potential interaction with transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling pathway during osteogenic induction of hUCMSCs.

Materials And Methods

HUCMSCs that stable overexpression or knockdown of miRNA‐342‐3p were established by infection with lentiviral vectors. mRNA and protein levels of Hedgehog signaling pathway and osteogenic genes were measured by RT‐qPCR and western blot assays. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to test the direct binding site of Sufu 5′UTR targeted by miRNA‐342‐3p.

Results

Over‐expression of miRNA‐342‐3p in hUCMSCs enhanced the expression of osteogenic genes by targeting Sufu. And the potential of osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs was inhibited while knockdown miRNA‐342‐3p. Meanwhile, induced the TGF‐β level was also observed upon over‐expressing miRNA‐342‐3p, suggesting activation of TGF‐β signaling pathway was a potential mechanism of miRNA‐342‐3p mediated osteogenesis in hUCMSCs.

Conclusions

Our findings provide new mechanistic evidence that miRNA‐342‐3p might be a valuable therapeutic target in bone regeneration.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk Allergens in “Jacques” Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar

Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC of Brooklyn, New York is recalling its 2.2 lbs. (1kg), "Jacques" Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar, because it contains undeclared milk allergens. Consumers who are allergic to milk allergens may run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume this product. (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

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Gilda Industries, Inc. Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk in Butter Pound Cake

Gilda Industries, Inc voluntarily recalls select code dates and manufacturing lot numbers of Panque – Butter pound cake because they may contain undeclared milk . People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to milk run the risk of a serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume the product contained inside the recalled panque –butter pound cake (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

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Salt Could Play a Role in Allergies

High salt concentrations are present in the affected skin of people with atopic dermatitis and promote the differentiation of the T helper cells involved in the development of allergic diseases. (Source: The Scientist)

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Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk Allergens in “Jacques” Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar

Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC of Brooklyn, New York is recalling its 2.2 lbs. (1kg), "Jacques" Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar, because it contains undeclared milk allergens. Consumers who are allergic to milk allergens may run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume this product. (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XhQ487

Gilda Industries, Inc. Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk in Butter Pound Cake

Gilda Industries, Inc voluntarily recalls select code dates and manufacturing lot numbers of Panque – Butter pound cake because they may contain undeclared milk . People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to milk run the risk of a serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume the product contained inside the recalled panque –butter pound cake (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SfQtDZ

Salt Could Play a Role in Allergies

High salt concentrations are present in the affected skin of people with atopic dermatitis and promote the differentiation of the T helper cells involved in the development of allergic diseases. (Source: The Scientist)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XeRU9G

Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk Allergens in “Jacques” Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar

Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC of Brooklyn, New York is recalling its 2.2 lbs. (1kg), "Jacques" Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar, because it contains undeclared milk allergens. Consumers who are allergic to milk allergens may run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume this product. (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XhQ487

Gilda Industries, Inc. Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk in Butter Pound Cake

Gilda Industries, Inc voluntarily recalls select code dates and manufacturing lot numbers of Panque – Butter pound cake because they may contain undeclared milk . People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to milk run the risk of a serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume the product contained inside the recalled panque –butter pound cake (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SfQtDZ

Salt Could Play a Role in Allergies

High salt concentrations are present in the affected skin of people with atopic dermatitis and promote the differentiation of the T helper cells involved in the development of allergic diseases. (Source: The Scientist)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XeRU9G

Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk Allergens in “Jacques” Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar

Jacques Torres Manufacturing LLC of Brooklyn, New York is recalling its 2.2 lbs. (1kg), "Jacques" Big Daddy Dark Chocolate Bar, because it contains undeclared milk allergens. Consumers who are allergic to milk allergens may run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume this product. (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2XhQ487

Gilda Industries, Inc. Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk in Butter Pound Cake

Gilda Industries, Inc voluntarily recalls select code dates and manufacturing lot numbers of Panque – Butter pound cake because they may contain undeclared milk . People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to milk run the risk of a serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume the product contained inside the recalled panque –butter pound cake (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SfQtDZ

Salt Could Play a Role in Allergies

High salt concentrations are present in the affected skin of people with atopic dermatitis and promote the differentiation of the T helper cells involved in the development of allergic diseases. (Source: The Scientist)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

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Oligometastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with stereotactic body ablative radiotherapy: Single‐institution outcomes

Abstract

Purpose/Objectives

We analyzed outcomes after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for oligometastatic (1‐5 metastatic foci) head‐and‐neck squamous cell carcinoma (OM‐HNSCC).

Materials/Methods

We reviewed patients treated between 2012 and 2016. Endpoints included overall survival (OS), distant progression, and treated‐metastasis local control (TM‐LC).

Results

We analyzed 27 patients with 60 primarily metachronous metastases (81.5%). Median follow‐up was 1.6 years (0.2‐5.2). Median time from diagnosis to treatment was 1.1 years (0.08‐8.5). Overall, 44.4% had solitary, 44.4% had 2‐3, and 11.1% had >3 metastases; most metastases were in the lung (44 of 60 metastases). Median OS was 1.9 years; at 1 and 2 years, 78% and 43% were alive (14% without disease progression). Median time to progression was 0.5 years. The 1‐year and 2‐year TM‐LC rates were 75% and 57%.

Conclusions

OS is encouraging and disease‐free survival remains poor; nevertheless, patients with OM‐HNSCC may represent a more favorable subset of patients with metastatic HNSCC.

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Oligometastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with stereotactic body ablative radiotherapy: Single‐institution outcomes

Abstract

Purpose/Objectives

We analyzed outcomes after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for oligometastatic (1‐5 metastatic foci) head‐and‐neck squamous cell carcinoma (OM‐HNSCC).

Materials/Methods

We reviewed patients treated between 2012 and 2016. Endpoints included overall survival (OS), distant progression, and treated‐metastasis local control (TM‐LC).

Results

We analyzed 27 patients with 60 primarily metachronous metastases (81.5%). Median follow‐up was 1.6 years (0.2‐5.2). Median time from diagnosis to treatment was 1.1 years (0.08‐8.5). Overall, 44.4% had solitary, 44.4% had 2‐3, and 11.1% had >3 metastases; most metastases were in the lung (44 of 60 metastases). Median OS was 1.9 years; at 1 and 2 years, 78% and 43% were alive (14% without disease progression). Median time to progression was 0.5 years. The 1‐year and 2‐year TM‐LC rates were 75% and 57%.

Conclusions

OS is encouraging and disease‐free survival remains poor; nevertheless, patients with OM‐HNSCC may represent a more favorable subset of patients with metastatic HNSCC.

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Compassion Fatigue: The Cost of Caring

As audiologists and speech-language pathologists, we truly care about our students, clients and patients. Helping change people's lives is a primary reason why many pursue a career in communication sciences and disorders. But at what cost? Is there such a thing as caring too much? Yes, it's possible, and it's known as compassion fatigue. A consequence of possessing a strong sense of empathy, combined with repeated or prolonged interaction with people who have experienced trauma, compassion fatigue can have negative physical, emotional and cognitive effects. Those of us in helping professions are at risk for developing compassion fatigue. If we notice the signs early, however, we can take steps to ensure our ability to maintain a healthy amount of compassion throughout our careers...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BFpNr1

Compassion Fatigue: The Cost of Caring

As audiologists and speech-language pathologists, we truly care about our students, clients and patients. Helping change people's lives is a primary reason why many pursue a career in communication sciences and disorders. But at what cost? Is there such a thing as caring too much? Yes, it's possible, and it's known as compassion fatigue. A consequence of possessing a strong sense of empathy, combined with repeated or prolonged interaction with people who have experienced trauma, compassion fatigue can have negative physical, emotional and cognitive effects. Those of us in helping professions are at risk for developing compassion fatigue. If we notice the signs early, however, we can take steps to ensure our ability to maintain a healthy amount of compassion throughout our careers...

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Salt could be a key factor in allergic immune reactions

(Technical University of Munich (TUM)) Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Professor Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2V8Xb0p

Salt could be a key factor in allergic immune reactions

(Technical University of Munich (TUM)) Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Professor Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2V8Xb0p

Salt could be a key factor in allergic immune reactions

(Technical University of Munich (TUM)) Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Professor Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2V8Xb0p

Salt could be a key factor in allergic immune reactions

(Technical University of Munich (TUM)) Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Professor Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2V8Xb0p

Compassion Fatigue: The Cost of Caring

As audiologists and speech-language pathologists, we truly care about our students, clients and patients. Helping change people's lives is a primary reason why many pursue a career in communication sciences and disorders. But at what cost? Is there such a thing as caring too much? Yes, it's possible, and it's known as compassion fatigue. A consequence of possessing a strong sense of empathy, combined with repeated or prolonged interaction with people who have experienced trauma, compassion fatigue can have negative physical, emotional and cognitive effects. Those of us in helping professions are at risk for developing compassion fatigue. If we notice the signs early, however, we can take steps to ensure our ability to maintain a healthy amount of compassion throughout our careers...

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BFpNr1

Compassion Fatigue: The Cost of Caring

As audiologists and speech-language pathologists, we truly care about our students, clients and patients. Helping change people's lives is a primary reason why many pursue a career in communication sciences and disorders. But at what cost? Is there such a thing as caring too much? Yes, it's possible, and it's known as compassion fatigue. A consequence of possessing a strong sense of empathy, combined with repeated or prolonged interaction with people who have experienced trauma, compassion fatigue can have negative physical, emotional and cognitive effects. Those of us in helping professions are at risk for developing compassion fatigue. If we notice the signs early, however, we can take steps to ensure our ability to maintain a healthy amount of compassion throughout our careers...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

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A systematic review of epinephrine stability and sterility with storage in a syringe

Abstract

Background

Epinephrine is a lifesaving medication in the treatment of anaphylaxis. Epinephrine auto-injectors are the preferred method of epinephrine administration, but are not universally available or affordable. Little is known about the effects on epinephrine when it is drawn up in advance and stored as prefilled syringes.

Objective

To study the stability and sterility of epinephrine when stored in syringes.

Methods

We searched Embase, Medline, and Web of Science in June 2016 for all studies of epinephrine stored in syringes in concentrations between 0.1 and 1 mg/mL that measured epinephrine stability and/or sterility over time, regardless of date published or language.

Results

Three studies were included, one testing two concentrations of epinephrine. Only one study tested epinephrine 1 mg/mL, the concentration clinically relevant for intramuscular use during anaphylaxis. Neither this study nor the one study testing 0.7 mg/mL epinephrine found significant degradation after 56 and 90 days, respectively. One of the two studies testing epinephrine at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL found significant degradation by 14 days; the other found no degradation up to 168 days. Two studies tested for bacterial growth, with none detected after 28 and 90 days, respectively. One study tested for fungal growth, with none detected after 90 days.

Conclusions

Limited evidence suggests that syringes filled with 1 mg/mL epinephrine are stable and sterile for 90 days. More research is needed testing the duration of stability and sterility of prefilled syringes with the 1 mg/mL concentration most commonly used in anaphylaxis, testing more extensively in different storage conditions and across a wider range of marketed syringe brands.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TZkOZl

Compassion Fatigue: The Cost of Caring

As audiologists and speech-language pathologists, we truly care about our students, clients and patients. Helping change people's lives is a primary reason why many pursue a career in communication sciences and disorders. But at what cost? Is there such a thing as caring too much? Yes, it's possible, and it's known as compassion fatigue. A consequence of possessing a strong sense of empathy, combined with repeated or prolonged interaction with people who have experienced trauma, compassion fatigue can have negative physical, emotional and cognitive effects. Those of us in helping professions are at risk for developing compassion fatigue. If we notice the signs early, however, we can take steps to ensure our ability to maintain a healthy amount of compassion throughout our careers...

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A systematic review of epinephrine stability and sterility with storage in a syringe

Abstract

Background

Epinephrine is a lifesaving medication in the treatment of anaphylaxis. Epinephrine auto-injectors are the preferred method of epinephrine administration, but are not universally available or affordable. Little is known about the effects on epinephrine when it is drawn up in advance and stored as prefilled syringes.

Objective

To study the stability and sterility of epinephrine when stored in syringes.

Methods

We searched Embase, Medline, and Web of Science in June 2016 for all studies of epinephrine stored in syringes in concentrations between 0.1 and 1 mg/mL that measured epinephrine stability and/or sterility over time, regardless of date published or language.

Results

Three studies were included, one testing two concentrations of epinephrine. Only one study tested epinephrine 1 mg/mL, the concentration clinically relevant for intramuscular use during anaphylaxis. Neither this study nor the one study testing 0.7 mg/mL epinephrine found significant degradation after 56 and 90 days, respectively. One of the two studies testing epinephrine at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL found significant degradation by 14 days; the other found no degradation up to 168 days. Two studies tested for bacterial growth, with none detected after 28 and 90 days, respectively. One study tested for fungal growth, with none detected after 90 days.

Conclusions

Limited evidence suggests that syringes filled with 1 mg/mL epinephrine are stable and sterile for 90 days. More research is needed testing the duration of stability and sterility of prefilled syringes with the 1 mg/mL concentration most commonly used in anaphylaxis, testing more extensively in different storage conditions and across a wider range of marketed syringe brands.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TZkOZl

Compassion Fatigue: The Cost of Caring

As audiologists and speech-language pathologists, we truly care about our students, clients and patients. Helping change people's lives is a primary reason why many pursue a career in communication sciences and disorders. But at what cost? Is there such a thing as caring too much? Yes, it's possible, and it's known as compassion fatigue. A consequence of possessing a strong sense of empathy, combined with repeated or prolonged interaction with people who have experienced trauma, compassion fatigue can have negative physical, emotional and cognitive effects. Those of us in helping professions are at risk for developing compassion fatigue. If we notice the signs early, however, we can take steps to ensure our ability to maintain a healthy amount of compassion throughout our careers...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BFpNr1

Alopecia and techniques in hair restoration: an overview for the cosmetic surgeon

Abstract

Purpose

Alopecia is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Although challenging to treat, advances in hair restoration technologies have led to multiple viable options with excellent clinical results. This paper seeks to provide an overview of hair loss and the currently utilized techniques in hair transplantation in order to serve as a reference source for the facial plastic surgeon.

Methods

A comprehensive review of recent literature regarding the evaluation of, and management modalities for, alopecia was performed.

Results

The follicular unit extraction technique and the strip harvest technique are both widely used for patients desiring transplantation. While both techniques can lead to successful outcomes, each has pros and cons that are important to understand prior to engaging in the procedure.

Conclusion

Advancements in hair restoration technologies implementing robotics, manual, or motorized follicular unit extraction have facilitated optimization of outcomes. Adjuvant treatment modalities including robotics and platelet-rich plasma injections have shown utility in augmenting transplantation.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gz7LuB

Salt could be a Key Factor in Allergic Immune Reactions

Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Prof. Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: World Pharma News)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GC7jvG

Alopecia and techniques in hair restoration: an overview for the cosmetic surgeon

Abstract

Purpose

Alopecia is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Although challenging to treat, advances in hair restoration technologies have led to multiple viable options with excellent clinical results. This paper seeks to provide an overview of hair loss and the currently utilized techniques in hair transplantation in order to serve as a reference source for the facial plastic surgeon.

Methods

A comprehensive review of recent literature regarding the evaluation of, and management modalities for, alopecia was performed.

Results

The follicular unit extraction technique and the strip harvest technique are both widely used for patients desiring transplantation. While both techniques can lead to successful outcomes, each has pros and cons that are important to understand prior to engaging in the procedure.

Conclusion

Advancements in hair restoration technologies implementing robotics, manual, or motorized follicular unit extraction have facilitated optimization of outcomes. Adjuvant treatment modalities including robotics and platelet-rich plasma injections have shown utility in augmenting transplantation.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gz7LuB

Salt could be a Key Factor in Allergic Immune Reactions

Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Prof. Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: World Pharma News)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GC7jvG

Salt could be a Key Factor in Allergic Immune Reactions

Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Prof. Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: World Pharma News)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GC7jvG

Salt could be a Key Factor in Allergic Immune Reactions

Salt apparently affects allergic immune reactions. A team working with Prof. Christina Zielinski at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has demonstrated in cell cultures that salt leads to the formation of Th2 cells. These immune cells are active in allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis. The team also detected elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients. (Source: World Pharma News)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GC7jvG

2018 Reviewer Acknowledgement List

The editors of The Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery thank the following reviewers and editorial board members who generously contributed their time and expertise to the peer review of articles during 2018 to ensure that readers of the Journal receive sound and reliable information.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E0nnU6

2018 Reviewer Acknowledgement List

The editors of The Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery thank the following reviewers and editorial board members who generously contributed their time and expertise to the peer review of articles during 2018 to ensure that readers of the Journal receive sound and reliable information.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E0nnU6

Special Therapy and Psychosocial Needs Identified in a Multidisciplinary Cancer Predisposition Syndrome Clinic

Identification of patients with cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) can provide vital information to guide care of an existing cancer, survey for future malignancy, and counsel families. The same underlying mutation responsible for a CPS may also result in other phenotypic abnormalities amenable to therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine patients followed in our multidisciplinary CPS clinic to determine the prevalence and scope of medical and psychosocial needs. Data from a baseline evaluation of a single-center patient registry was reviewed. Eligible patients included those with a known or suspected CPS. Over 3 years, 73 patients consented and had successful follow-up. Utilization rate of special therapies, defined as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and...

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Clinical Assessment and Brain Findings in a Cohort of Mothers, Fetuses, and Infants Infected With ZIKA Virus

The objectives of the current study were (1) to assess the prevalence of microcephaly and other brain findings in infected and affected fetuses and infants, (2) to compare these findings with other congenital ZIKV series reported to date, and (3) to provide quantitative measures of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of fetal and infant brain imaging. (Source: Obstetric Anesthesia Digest)

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from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2BJ4MMc

Special Therapy and Psychosocial Needs Identified in a Multidisciplinary Cancer Predisposition Syndrome Clinic

Identification of patients with cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) can provide vital information to guide care of an existing cancer, survey for future malignancy, and counsel families. The same underlying mutation responsible for a CPS may also result in other phenotypic abnormalities amenable to therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine patients followed in our multidisciplinary CPS clinic to determine the prevalence and scope of medical and psychosocial needs. Data from a baseline evaluation of a single-center patient registry was reviewed. Eligible patients included those with a known or suspected CPS. Over 3 years, 73 patients consented and had successful follow-up. Utilization rate of special therapies, defined as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and...

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2U2exMs

Clinical Assessment and Brain Findings in a Cohort of Mothers, Fetuses, and Infants Infected With ZIKA Virus

The objectives of the current study were (1) to assess the prevalence of microcephaly and other brain findings in infected and affected fetuses and infants, (2) to compare these findings with other congenital ZIKV series reported to date, and (3) to provide quantitative measures of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of fetal and infant brain imaging. (Source: Obstetric Anesthesia Digest)

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March 2019 A&A Video Summary

Video summary of featured articles in Anesthesia & Analgesia for March 2019.

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Alopecia and techniques in hair restoration: an overview for the cosmetic surgeon

Abstract

Purpose

Alopecia is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Although challenging to treat, advances in hair restoration technologies have led to multiple viable options with excellent clinical results. This paper seeks to provide an overview of hair loss and the currently utilized techniques in hair transplantation in order to serve as a reference source for the facial plastic surgeon.

Methods

A comprehensive review of recent literature regarding the evaluation of, and management modalities for, alopecia was performed.

Results

The follicular unit extraction technique and the strip harvest technique are both widely used for patients desiring transplantation. While both techniques can lead to successful outcomes, each has pros and cons that are important to understand prior to engaging in the procedure.

Conclusion

Advancements in hair restoration technologies implementing robotics, manual, or motorized follicular unit extraction have facilitated optimization of outcomes. Adjuvant treatment modalities including robotics and platelet-rich plasma injections have shown utility in augmenting transplantation.

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March 2019 A&A Video Summary

Video summary of featured articles in Anesthesia & Analgesia for March 2019.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2NgjWgg

Alopecia and techniques in hair restoration: an overview for the cosmetic surgeon

Abstract

Purpose

Alopecia is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Although challenging to treat, advances in hair restoration technologies have led to multiple viable options with excellent clinical results. This paper seeks to provide an overview of hair loss and the currently utilized techniques in hair transplantation in order to serve as a reference source for the facial plastic surgeon.

Methods

A comprehensive review of recent literature regarding the evaluation of, and management modalities for, alopecia was performed.

Results

The follicular unit extraction technique and the strip harvest technique are both widely used for patients desiring transplantation. While both techniques can lead to successful outcomes, each has pros and cons that are important to understand prior to engaging in the procedure.

Conclusion

Advancements in hair restoration technologies implementing robotics, manual, or motorized follicular unit extraction have facilitated optimization of outcomes. Adjuvant treatment modalities including robotics and platelet-rich plasma injections have shown utility in augmenting transplantation.

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2018 Reviewer Acknowledgement List

The editors of The Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery thank the following reviewers and editorial board members who generously contributed their time and expertise to the peer review of articles during 2018 to ensure that readers of the Journal receive sound and reliable information.

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2018 Reviewer Acknowledgement List

The editors of The Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery thank the following reviewers and editorial board members who generously contributed their time and expertise to the peer review of articles during 2018 to ensure that readers of the Journal receive sound and reliable information.

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Scientists identify unique subtype of eczema linked to food allergy

Children with both conditions have abnormal skin near eczema lesions, NIH-funded research finds (Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) News Releases)

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Scientists identify unique subtype of eczema linked to food allergy

Children with both conditions have abnormal skin near eczema lesions, NIH-funded research finds (Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) News Releases)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E2AJPX

Scientists identify unique subtype of eczema linked to food allergy

Children with both conditions have abnormal skin near eczema lesions, NIH-funded research finds (Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) News Releases)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E2AJPX

Scientists identify unique subtype of eczema linked to food allergy

Children with both conditions have abnormal skin near eczema lesions, NIH-funded research finds (Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) News Releases)

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CANCELLED: Clinicopathologic Grand Rounds: Clinical Cases from the NIH Clinical Center Fungi Going Wild in the Central Nervous Syndrome (CNS): The Role of C-type Lectin Receptor Signaling

Date: Wednesday, 02 20, 2019; Speaker: Elise M. N. Ferre, PA-C, MPH Physician Assistant; , Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, , NIAID; Prashant Chittiboina, MD, Assistant Clinical Investigator, , Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Diseases, , NINDS; Michail S. Lionakis, MD, ScD, Chief, Fungal Pathogenesis Section; , Deputy Chief, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology , and Microbiology, NIAID; Building: Building 10 (Clinical Center); Lipsett Amphitheater; CME Credit; Videocast Event (Source: NIH Calendar of Events)

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CANCELLED: Clinicopathologic Grand Rounds: Clinical Cases from the NIH Clinical Center Fungi Going Wild in the Central Nervous Syndrome (CNS): The Role of C-type Lectin Receptor Signaling

Date: Wednesday, 02 20, 2019; Speaker: Elise M. N. Ferre, PA-C, MPH Physician Assistant; , Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, , NIAID; Prashant Chittiboina, MD, Assistant Clinical Investigator, , Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Diseases, , NINDS; Michail S. Lionakis, MD, ScD, Chief, Fungal Pathogenesis Section; , Deputy Chief, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology , and Microbiology, NIAID; Building: Building 10 (Clinical Center); Lipsett Amphitheater; CME Credit; Videocast Event (Source: NIH Calendar of Events)

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A Paradigm Shift in the Management of Cherubism? A preliminary report using Imatinib

Cherubism is a skeletal dysplasia caused by a mutation of SH3BP2 gene. This leads to bilateral symmetric fibro osseous lesions of the maxilla and mandible. Initial jaw expansion typically begins during the toddler years, with progression through puberty. After puberty the lesions usually involute and disappear by adulthood. Therefore, surgery is typically reserved for the most symptomatic or disfiguring cases. Reported symptoms include pain, difficulty with mastication, and airway compromise. Once symptoms present, definitive management options are few, and may carry great risks.

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An algorithm for management of dentofacial deformity resulting from juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Results of a multinational consensus conference

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently affects the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and may cause dentofacial deformity and dysfunction. The adverse effects of JIA on dentofacial growth, morphology and function may be due to erosion of the existing mandibular condyle(s), the inhibitory effect of the arthritis on the growing mandible, or both. No algorithm exists for management of JIA-induced skeletal and dental abnormalities; treatment varies widely.

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Is SPECT/CT Superior to SPECT in Assessing Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia?

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with technetium-99m-disphosphates plays an important role in assessing unilateral condylar hyperplasia. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether quantification methods of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) based on precise region of interest (ROI) drawings made under the guide of CT images are more accurate than conventional SPECT methods in the assessment of unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) growth.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GYObaF

A Paradigm Shift in the Management of Cherubism? A preliminary report using Imatinib

Cherubism is a skeletal dysplasia caused by a mutation of SH3BP2 gene. This leads to bilateral symmetric fibro osseous lesions of the maxilla and mandible. Initial jaw expansion typically begins during the toddler years, with progression through puberty. After puberty the lesions usually involute and disappear by adulthood. Therefore, surgery is typically reserved for the most symptomatic or disfiguring cases. Reported symptoms include pain, difficulty with mastication, and airway compromise. Once symptoms present, definitive management options are few, and may carry great risks.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GWA2dR

An algorithm for management of dentofacial deformity resulting from juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Results of a multinational consensus conference

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently affects the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and may cause dentofacial deformity and dysfunction. The adverse effects of JIA on dentofacial growth, morphology and function may be due to erosion of the existing mandibular condyle(s), the inhibitory effect of the arthritis on the growing mandible, or both. No algorithm exists for management of JIA-induced skeletal and dental abnormalities; treatment varies widely.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2tv9ybr

Is SPECT/CT Superior to SPECT in Assessing Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia?

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with technetium-99m-disphosphates plays an important role in assessing unilateral condylar hyperplasia. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether quantification methods of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) based on precise region of interest (ROI) drawings made under the guide of CT images are more accurate than conventional SPECT methods in the assessment of unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) growth.

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Robust binaural speech separation in adverse conditions based on deep neural network with modified spatial features and training target

Publication date: Available online 20 February 2019Source: Speech CommunicationAuthor(s): Paria Dadvar, Masoud GeravanchizadehAbstractIn this paper, a robust binaural speech separation system based on deep neural network (DNN) is introduced. The proposed system has three main processing stages. In the spectral processing stage, the multiresolution cochleagram (MRCG) feature is extracted from the beamformed signal. In the spatial processing stage, a novel reliable spatial feature of smITD+smILD is obtained by soft missing data masking of binaural cues. In the final stage, a deep neural network takes the combined spectral and spatial features and estimates a newly defined ideal ratio mask (IRM) designed for noisy and reverberant conditions. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated...

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Editorial Board

Publication date: February 2019Source: Speech Communication, Volume 107Author(s): (Source: Speech Communication)

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Cross-linguistic perspectives on second language reading

Publication date: Available online 20 February 2019Source: Journal of NeurolinguisticsAuthor(s): Ludo Verhoeven, Charles Perfetti, Kenneth PughAbstractThroughout the world, many people learn to read in a second language (L2) which can be considered a challenging task given that a script needs to be learned in a language that is not fully acquired yet. The neurocognitive processes of learning to read in an L2 are just beginning to be understood. Across different languages, L2 reading can be seen as a learned sensitivity to the systematic relationships among the surface representations of words and their meanings, and their unification into sentences and text in the target language. It can be assumed that the brain regions that are involved in L2 reading to a large extent converge with first...

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Editorial Board

Publication date: March 2019Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Volume 192Author(s): (Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology)

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List-method directed forgetting after prolonged retention interval: Further challenges to contemporary accounts

Publication date: June 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 106Author(s): Magdalena Abel, Karl-Heinz T. BäumlAbstractNumerous studies on list-method directed forgetting (LMDF) have shown that people can voluntarily forget information when cued to do so. But the cognitive mechanism(s) behind this form of forgetting are still subject to debate. The present study focused on two explanations of LMDF: selective rehearsal and mental context change. Experiment 1 addressed the context-change account by comparing the persistence of LMDF with that of context-dependent forgetting. Results showed that LMDF, but not context-dependent forgetting, was lasting, which is inconsistent with the context-change account. Experiments 2 and 3 addressed the selective-rehearsal account by examining w...

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Processing latencies of competing forms in analogical levelling as evidence of frequency effects on entrenchment in ongoing language change

Journal Name: Cognitive Linguistics Issue: Ahead of print (Source: Cognitive Linguistics)

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Delivering Quality Allied Health Services to Children with Complex Disability via Telepractice: Lessons Learned from Four Case Studies

AbstractPeople with disabilities living in rural and remote areas often have insufficient access to the allied health services that they require. Telepractice has emerged as a promising solution, yet little is known about whether it is possible to deliver quality disability therapy services via technology or of the considerations required to achieve positive outcomes. Multiple case studies using mixed methods were conducted to achieve in-depth examination of the telepractice services received by four children with disabilities and their families living in rural and remote Australia. Data analysis indicated that telepractice services were highly acceptable to parents and teachers and supported children to achieve positive outcomes for a variety of functional goals related to speech-language...

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Robust binaural speech separation in adverse conditions based on deep neural network with modified spatial features and training target

Publication date: Available online 20 February 2019Source: Speech CommunicationAuthor(s): Paria Dadvar, Masoud GeravanchizadehAbstractIn this paper, a robust binaural speech separation system based on deep neural network (DNN) is introduced. The proposed system has three main processing stages. In the spectral processing stage, the multiresolution cochleagram (MRCG) feature is extracted from the beamformed signal. In the spatial processing stage, a novel reliable spatial feature of smITD+smILD is obtained by soft missing data masking of binaural cues. In the final stage, a deep neural network takes the combined spectral and spatial features and estimates a newly defined ideal ratio mask (IRM) designed for noisy and reverberant conditions. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated...

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Editorial Board

Publication date: February 2019Source: Speech Communication, Volume 107Author(s): (Source: Speech Communication)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SNFQxs

Cross-linguistic perspectives on second language reading

Publication date: Available online 20 February 2019Source: Journal of NeurolinguisticsAuthor(s): Ludo Verhoeven, Charles Perfetti, Kenneth PughAbstractThroughout the world, many people learn to read in a second language (L2) which can be considered a challenging task given that a script needs to be learned in a language that is not fully acquired yet. The neurocognitive processes of learning to read in an L2 are just beginning to be understood. Across different languages, L2 reading can be seen as a learned sensitivity to the systematic relationships among the surface representations of words and their meanings, and their unification into sentences and text in the target language. It can be assumed that the brain regions that are involved in L2 reading to a large extent converge with first...

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Editorial Board

Publication date: March 2019Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Volume 192Author(s): (Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology)

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2SPN447

List-method directed forgetting after prolonged retention interval: Further challenges to contemporary accounts

Publication date: June 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 106Author(s): Magdalena Abel, Karl-Heinz T. BäumlAbstractNumerous studies on list-method directed forgetting (LMDF) have shown that people can voluntarily forget information when cued to do so. But the cognitive mechanism(s) behind this form of forgetting are still subject to debate. The present study focused on two explanations of LMDF: selective rehearsal and mental context change. Experiment 1 addressed the context-change account by comparing the persistence of LMDF with that of context-dependent forgetting. Results showed that LMDF, but not context-dependent forgetting, was lasting, which is inconsistent with the context-change account. Experiments 2 and 3 addressed the selective-rehearsal account by examining w...

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DZjFdz

Processing latencies of competing forms in analogical levelling as evidence of frequency effects on entrenchment in ongoing language change

Journal Name: Cognitive Linguistics Issue: Ahead of print (Source: Cognitive Linguistics)

MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.

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Delivering Quality Allied Health Services to Children with Complex Disability via Telepractice: Lessons Learned from Four Case Studies

AbstractPeople with disabilities living in rural and remote areas often have insufficient access to the allied health services that they require. Telepractice has emerged as a promising solution, yet little is known about whether it is possible to deliver quality disability therapy services via technology or of the considerations required to achieve positive outcomes. Multiple case studies using mixed methods were conducted to achieve in-depth examination of the telepractice services received by four children with disabilities and their families living in rural and remote Australia. Data analysis indicated that telepractice services were highly acceptable to parents and teachers and supported children to achieve positive outcomes for a variety of functional goals related to speech-language...

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A Paradigm Shift in the Management of Cherubism? A preliminary report using Imatinib

Cherubism is a skeletal dysplasia caused by a mutation of SH3BP2 gene. This leads to bilateral symmetric fibro osseous lesions of the maxilla and mandible. Initial jaw expansion typically begins during the toddler years, with progression through puberty. After puberty the lesions usually involute and disappear by adulthood. Therefore, surgery is typically reserved for the most symptomatic or disfiguring cases. Reported symptoms include pain, difficulty with mastication, and airway compromise. Once symptoms present, definitive management options are few, and may carry great risks.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GWA2dR

An algorithm for management of dentofacial deformity resulting from juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Results of a multinational consensus conference

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently affects the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and may cause dentofacial deformity and dysfunction. The adverse effects of JIA on dentofacial growth, morphology and function may be due to erosion of the existing mandibular condyle(s), the inhibitory effect of the arthritis on the growing mandible, or both. No algorithm exists for management of JIA-induced skeletal and dental abnormalities; treatment varies widely.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2tv9ybr

A Paradigm Shift in the Management of Cherubism? A preliminary report using Imatinib

Cherubism is a skeletal dysplasia caused by a mutation of SH3BP2 gene. This leads to bilateral symmetric fibro osseous lesions of the maxilla and mandible. Initial jaw expansion typically begins during the toddler years, with progression through puberty. After puberty the lesions usually involute and disappear by adulthood. Therefore, surgery is typically reserved for the most symptomatic or disfiguring cases. Reported symptoms include pain, difficulty with mastication, and airway compromise. Once symptoms present, definitive management options are few, and may carry great risks.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GWA2dR

An algorithm for management of dentofacial deformity resulting from juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Results of a multinational consensus conference

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently affects the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) and may cause dentofacial deformity and dysfunction. The adverse effects of JIA on dentofacial growth, morphology and function may be due to erosion of the existing mandibular condyle(s), the inhibitory effect of the arthritis on the growing mandible, or both. No algorithm exists for management of JIA-induced skeletal and dental abnormalities; treatment varies widely.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2tv9ybr

Is SPECT/CT Superior to SPECT in Assessing Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia?

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with technetium-99m-disphosphates plays an important role in assessing unilateral condylar hyperplasia. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether quantification methods of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) based on precise region of interest (ROI) drawings made under the guide of CT images are more accurate than conventional SPECT methods in the assessment of unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) growth.

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Food allergy linked to certain form of eczema, study says

The answer to whether a kid with eczema also develops a food allergy could lie just beneath the surface of their skin, a new study says. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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When to refer: validating the Evidence‐based Acute Otitis Externa Referral Score (EARS). Our experience of 287 cases of otitis externa in Primary Care

Abstract

Recognising individuals at risk of developing complications from acute otitis externa would assist General Practitioners in their decision to manage cases in Primary Care or seek referral to a specialist service.

The Evidence‐based Acute Otitis Externa Referral Score (EARS) is a novel risk‐stratification score aimed at recognising patients at risk of developing complications of acute otitis externa.

The EAR Score had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 90%. A negative‐predictive value of 100% may help re‐assure General Practitioners that low‐scoring patients can be managed in Primary Care.

Our experience of treatment prescribed in acute otitis externa corroborates the NICE guidelines for topical treatment (77%).

The most common organism isolated were Pseudomonas species (54%). Topical therapy should therefore be targeted towards this.

When to refer: validating the Evidence‐based Acute Otitis Externa Referral Score (EARS).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Food allergy linked to certain form of eczema, study says

The answer to whether a kid with eczema also develops a food allergy could lie just beneath the surface of their skin, a new study says. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2U0qYrZ

When to refer: validating the Evidence‐based Acute Otitis Externa Referral Score (EARS). Our experience of 287 cases of otitis externa in Primary Care

Abstract

Recognising individuals at risk of developing complications from acute otitis externa would assist General Practitioners in their decision to manage cases in Primary Care or seek referral to a specialist service.

The Evidence‐based Acute Otitis Externa Referral Score (EARS) is a novel risk‐stratification score aimed at recognising patients at risk of developing complications of acute otitis externa.

The EAR Score had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 90%. A negative‐predictive value of 100% may help re‐assure General Practitioners that low‐scoring patients can be managed in Primary Care.

Our experience of treatment prescribed in acute otitis externa corroborates the NICE guidelines for topical treatment (77%).

The most common organism isolated were Pseudomonas species (54%). Topical therapy should therefore be targeted towards this.

When to refer: validating the Evidence‐based Acute Otitis Externa Referral Score (EARS).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Intestinal archaea inversely associated with childhood asthma

Methanosphaera stadtmanae, an immunogenic archaeal species found in the human gut microbiome, was detected less frequently in children with asthma. Gut archaea colonisation in childhood may be relevant to asthma and allergy risk.

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Prophylactic allergen immunotherapy with Der p 2 prevents murine asthma by regulating lung GM-CSF

This mouse study demonstrates that repetitive inhalation of a single major house dust mite (HDM) allergen prevents HDM-induced allergic asthma development through suppressing the function of lung dendritic cells, thus providing an alternative to classical allergen-specific immunotherapy.

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B cell-intrinsic requirement for STK4 in humoral immunity in mice and humans

Humoral immune defects are described in 9 patients from 5 families with STK4 deficiency. A mouse model carrying the novel p.Y88del show that these defects are intrinsic to the B cells.

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Lymphoproliferative Disease in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. Analysis of the French Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies

Aggressive mature B-cell LPD can occur in WAS as in XLT pediatric and adult patients. Immunochemotherapy is applicable to all WAS/XLT patients, while transplantation still remains controversial for adult patients.

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Allergen immunotherapy improves defective follicular regulatory T cells in patients with allergic rhinitis

The defect of Tfr cells may contribute to aberrant IgE production in AR patients. The improvement of Tfr cells correlates with the clinical benefits of AIT in AR patients.

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Housing-Based Socioeconomic Status (HOUSES) Index as a Recruitment Tool for Integrating Under-represented Populations in Clinical Research

While minority children are in general under-represented in clinical research, the role of socioeconomic status (SES) on recruitment for research is poorly understood.

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Repair Techniques for Failed Double-Eyelids Involving Restoration of Eyelid Anatomical Structure and Function

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to evaluate techniques for repairing previously failed double-eyelid surgeries based on different anatomical structure injuries.

Methods

A total of 120 patients with failed double-eyelids in our hospital were enrolled and classified into four types according to their anatomical structure damage: type I, unsmooth radians of the double-eyelid line; type II, upper socket depression; type III, iatrogenic ptosis; and type IV, comprehensive damage. Accordingly, methods of restoration included orbital septum fat supplement, repair of levator palpebrae superioris, and treatment of scar. Postoperative follow-up time points were 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Outcome observations were binocular symmetry, fluency of double-eyelid, scar recovery, height and contour profile of the upper eyelid margin, and plumpness of the upper eyelid. The eyelid morphological score was evaluated using photographs of preoperative and 6-month postoperative data, and the effect of eyelid repair was evaluated objectively by statistical analysis.

Results

At 1 month after surgery, the height of the upper palpebral margin was maintained in most patients and located at 1–2 mm below the superior limbus. At 6 months after surgery, most patients had better restorative effects. Comparison of mean eyelid morphological scores showed a statistically significant improvement following surgery (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The technique of restoring eyelid anatomical structure in failed double-eyelids not only recovered the normal function of injured eyelids but also produced satisfactory aesthetic effects.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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Food allergy linked to certain form of eczema, study says

The answer to whether a kid with eczema also develops a food allergy could lie just beneath the surface of their skin, a new study says. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2U0qYrZ

Intestinal archaea inversely associated with childhood asthma

Methanosphaera stadtmanae, an immunogenic archaeal species found in the human gut microbiome, was detected less frequently in children with asthma. Gut archaea colonisation in childhood may be relevant to asthma and allergy risk.

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2TYDCrx

Prophylactic allergen immunotherapy with Der p 2 prevents murine asthma by regulating lung GM-CSF

This mouse study demonstrates that repetitive inhalation of a single major house dust mite (HDM) allergen prevents HDM-induced allergic asthma development through suppressing the function of lung dendritic cells, thus providing an alternative to classical allergen-specific immunotherapy.

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B cell-intrinsic requirement for STK4 in humoral immunity in mice and humans

Humoral immune defects are described in 9 patients from 5 families with STK4 deficiency. A mouse model carrying the novel p.Y88del show that these defects are intrinsic to the B cells.

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Lymphoproliferative Disease in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. Analysis of the French Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies

Aggressive mature B-cell LPD can occur in WAS as in XLT pediatric and adult patients. Immunochemotherapy is applicable to all WAS/XLT patients, while transplantation still remains controversial for adult patients.

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Allergen immunotherapy improves defective follicular regulatory T cells in patients with allergic rhinitis

The defect of Tfr cells may contribute to aberrant IgE production in AR patients. The improvement of Tfr cells correlates with the clinical benefits of AIT in AR patients.

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Housing-Based Socioeconomic Status (HOUSES) Index as a Recruitment Tool for Integrating Under-represented Populations in Clinical Research

While minority children are in general under-represented in clinical research, the role of socioeconomic status (SES) on recruitment for research is poorly understood.

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Repair Techniques for Failed Double-Eyelids Involving Restoration of Eyelid Anatomical Structure and Function

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to evaluate techniques for repairing previously failed double-eyelid surgeries based on different anatomical structure injuries.

Methods

A total of 120 patients with failed double-eyelids in our hospital were enrolled and classified into four types according to their anatomical structure damage: type I, unsmooth radians of the double-eyelid line; type II, upper socket depression; type III, iatrogenic ptosis; and type IV, comprehensive damage. Accordingly, methods of restoration included orbital septum fat supplement, repair of levator palpebrae superioris, and treatment of scar. Postoperative follow-up time points were 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Outcome observations were binocular symmetry, fluency of double-eyelid, scar recovery, height and contour profile of the upper eyelid margin, and plumpness of the upper eyelid. The eyelid morphological score was evaluated using photographs of preoperative and 6-month postoperative data, and the effect of eyelid repair was evaluated objectively by statistical analysis.

Results

At 1 month after surgery, the height of the upper palpebral margin was maintained in most patients and located at 1–2 mm below the superior limbus. At 6 months after surgery, most patients had better restorative effects. Comparison of mean eyelid morphological scores showed a statistically significant improvement following surgery (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The technique of restoring eyelid anatomical structure in failed double-eyelids not only recovered the normal function of injured eyelids but also produced satisfactory aesthetic effects.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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Food allergy linked to certain form of eczema, study says

The answer to whether a kid with eczema also develops a food allergy could lie just beneath the surface of their skin, a new study says. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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Repair Techniques for Failed Double-Eyelids Involving Restoration of Eyelid Anatomical Structure and Function

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to evaluate techniques for repairing previously failed double-eyelid surgeries based on different anatomical structure injuries.

Methods

A total of 120 patients with failed double-eyelids in our hospital were enrolled and classified into four types according to their anatomical structure damage: type I, unsmooth radians of the double-eyelid line; type II, upper socket depression; type III, iatrogenic ptosis; and type IV, comprehensive damage. Accordingly, methods of restoration included orbital septum fat supplement, repair of levator palpebrae superioris, and treatment of scar. Postoperative follow-up time points were 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Outcome observations were binocular symmetry, fluency of double-eyelid, scar recovery, height and contour profile of the upper eyelid margin, and plumpness of the upper eyelid. The eyelid morphological score was evaluated using photographs of preoperative and 6-month postoperative data, and the effect of eyelid repair was evaluated objectively by statistical analysis.

Results

At 1 month after surgery, the height of the upper palpebral margin was maintained in most patients and located at 1–2 mm below the superior limbus. At 6 months after surgery, most patients had better restorative effects. Comparison of mean eyelid morphological scores showed a statistically significant improvement following surgery (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The technique of restoring eyelid anatomical structure in failed double-eyelids not only recovered the normal function of injured eyelids but also produced satisfactory aesthetic effects.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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Issue Information

from #Head and Neck by Sfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IEDL2r

Repair Techniques for Failed Double-Eyelids Involving Restoration of Eyelid Anatomical Structure and Function

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to evaluate techniques for repairing previously failed double-eyelid surgeries based on different anatomical structure injuries.

Methods

A total of 120 patients with failed double-eyelids in our hospital were enrolled and classified into four types according to their anatomical structure damage: type I, unsmooth radians of the double-eyelid line; type II, upper socket depression; type III, iatrogenic ptosis; and type IV, comprehensive damage. Accordingly, methods of restoration included orbital septum fat supplement, repair of levator palpebrae superioris, and treatment of scar. Postoperative follow-up time points were 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Outcome observations were binocular symmetry, fluency of double-eyelid, scar recovery, height and contour profile of the upper eyelid margin, and plumpness of the upper eyelid. The eyelid morphological score was evaluated using photographs of preoperative and 6-month postoperative data, and the effect of eyelid repair was evaluated objectively by statistical analysis.

Results

At 1 month after surgery, the height of the upper palpebral margin was maintained in most patients and located at 1–2 mm below the superior limbus. At 6 months after surgery, most patients had better restorative effects. Comparison of mean eyelid morphological scores showed a statistically significant improvement following surgery (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The technique of restoring eyelid anatomical structure in failed double-eyelids not only recovered the normal function of injured eyelids but also produced satisfactory aesthetic effects.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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Issue Information

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Development of a Novel Imaging Agent for Determining Albumin Uptake in Solid Tumors

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the albumin-binding compound ¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA as an imaging agent for the detection of endogenous albumin accumulation in tumors.

Methods

¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA was injected in healthy nude mice for pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies (10 min, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h, n = 4) and subsequently in tumor-bearing mice for single-photon emission computed tomography/X-ray-computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging studies. Four different human tumor xenograft models (LXFL529, OVXF899, MAXFTN401, and CXF2081) were implanted subcutaneously unilaterally or bilaterally (n = 4–8). After intravenous administration of ¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA, SPECT/CT images were collected over 72 h at 4–6 time points. Additionally, gamma counting was performed for the blood, plasma, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, muscle, and tumors at 72 h post-injection.

Results

¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA bound rapidly to circulating albumin upon injection, and the radiolabeled albumin conjugate thus formed was stable in murine and human serum. SPECT/CT images demonstrated a time-dependent uptake with a maximum of 2.7–3.8% ID/cm³ in the tumors at approximately 24 h post-injection and mean tumor/muscle ratios in the range of 3.2–6.2 between 24 and 72 h post-injection. The kidneys and bladder were the predominant elimination organs. Gamma counting at 72 h post-injection showed 1.3–2.5% ID/g in the tumors and mean tumor/muscle ratios in the range of 4.9–9.4.

Conclusion

¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA bound rapidly to circulating albumin upon injection and showed time-dependent uptake in the tumors demonstrating a potential for clinical application as a companion imaging diagnostic for albumin-binding anticancer drugs.

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Development of a Novel Imaging Agent for Determining Albumin Uptake in Solid Tumors

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the albumin-binding compound ¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA as an imaging agent for the detection of endogenous albumin accumulation in tumors.

Methods

¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA was injected in healthy nude mice for pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies (10 min, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h, n = 4) and subsequently in tumor-bearing mice for single-photon emission computed tomography/X-ray-computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging studies. Four different human tumor xenograft models (LXFL529, OVXF899, MAXFTN401, and CXF2081) were implanted subcutaneously unilaterally or bilaterally (n = 4–8). After intravenous administration of ¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA, SPECT/CT images were collected over 72 h at 4–6 time points. Additionally, gamma counting was performed for the blood, plasma, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, muscle, and tumors at 72 h post-injection.

Results

¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA bound rapidly to circulating albumin upon injection, and the radiolabeled albumin conjugate thus formed was stable in murine and human serum. SPECT/CT images demonstrated a time-dependent uptake with a maximum of 2.7–3.8% ID/cm³ in the tumors at approximately 24 h post-injection and mean tumor/muscle ratios in the range of 3.2–6.2 between 24 and 72 h post-injection. The kidneys and bladder were the predominant elimination organs. Gamma counting at 72 h post-injection showed 1.3–2.5% ID/g in the tumors and mean tumor/muscle ratios in the range of 4.9–9.4.

Conclusion

¹¹¹In-C4-DTPA bound rapidly to circulating albumin upon injection and showed time-dependent uptake in the tumors demonstrating a potential for clinical application as a companion imaging diagnostic for albumin-binding anticancer drugs.

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Multicenter randomized crossover trial evaluating the provox luna in laryngectomized subjects

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the relative compliance and the dermatological and pulmonary outcomes when the Provox Luna system (Atos Medical, Malmö, Sweden) is added during the night to the usual tracheastoma care of laryngectomized subjects.

Methods

This was a multicenter randomized crossover trial conducted in the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, and Maastricht University Medical Center in The Netherlands. The study included 46 laryngectomized subjects with prior heat and moisture exchanger (HME) and adhesive experience.

Results

A significant improvement in the number of compliant individuals was found: Luna: n = 43 of 45 (96%); usual care: n = 35 of 46 (76%), P = 0.02. The Luna period was associated with longer intervals of daily HME use (Luna 23.2 hours [range: 15.6–24.0 hours], usual care [UC]: 21.5 hours [range: 6.0–24.0 hours], P = 0.003) and an increased frequency of skin improvement overnight (Luna 3.9 days [standard deviation (SD)]: 7.0 days), Usual Care: 8.1 days ([SD: 10.8 days], P = 0.008). Fifty‐six percent (n = 26) of participants wanted to continue using the Provox Luna system at the conclusion of the study.

Conclusion

An improvement in compliance and skin recovery overnight was observed when the Provox Luna was added to the usual adhesive and HME use. Therefore, there is utility in supplementing the usual post‐total laryngectomy care with the Provox Luna system at night, particularly in the setting of compliance concerns and in subjects who desire dermatological relief overnight.

Level of Evidence

1B. Laryngoscope, 2019

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Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic analysis of oxymetazoline use during nasal surgery in children

Objectives/Hypothesis

Oxymetazoline is an α‐adrenergic agonist that is commonly used as a topical hemostatic agent in the operating room during ear, nose, and throat surgery. There are limited data on oxymetazoline pharmacokinetics in children who undergo general anesthesia. We assessed the hemodynamic effects and systemic absorption of topically applied oxymetazoline in children undergoing various nasal procedures.

Study Design

Prospective trial.

Methods

Children ages 2 to 17 years undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery, turbinate resection, or adenoidectomy were enrolled. The surgeon placed oxymetazoline‐soaked pledgets (1.5 mL of 0.05% solution) according to our usual clinical practice. Blood samples for oxymetazoline assay were drawn at 5, 10, 20, 45, 90, and 150 minutes, and hemodynamic data were recorded at 5‐minute intervals. Data analysis included mixed‐effects regression and population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling.

Results

The analysis included 27 patients, age 7 ± 4 years, who received between 2 and 12 pledgets (3–18 mL) of oxymetazoline. Relative bioavailability compared to the spray formulation was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6‐3.2), with slow absorption from the mucosal surface (absorption half‐life 64 minutes; 95% CI: 44‐90). Mean arterial pressure did not increase with oxymetazoline instillation at the observed oxymetazoline serum concentrations (0.04‐7.6 μg/L).

Conclusions

Despite concerns regarding oxymetazoline administration to mucosal membranes, we found that hemodynamic changes were clinically negligible with our usual clinical use of pledgets soaked in oxymetazoline. Compared to data on oxymetazoline in spray formulation, bioavailability was increased twofold with pledgets, but systemic absorption was very slow, contributing to low serum concentrations and limited hemodynamic effects.

Level of Evidence

1b. Laryngoscope, 2019

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A nomogram to predict osteoradionecrosis in oral cancer after marginal mandibulectomy and radiotherapy

Objective

There is no useful tool to clinically predict the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible quantitatively. The aim was to investigate the risk factors, including different modalities of radiotherapy, for developing mandibular ORN in patients undergoing marginal mandibulectomy and postoperative radiotherapy.

Methods

Between January 2006 and December 2012, 167 subjects who underwent marginal mandibulectomy and postoperative radiotherapy with different modalities were enrolled. The association of ORN with mandibular bone measurements and patient variables was analyzed, and a nomogram was established.

Results

Fifteen (8.98%) of the 167 patients developed ORN during the follow‐up period, and ORN was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), body mass index (BMI), remaining bone height, remaining bone height to original bone height ratio, resected bone height to original bone height ratio, and mandibular dose (P: < 0.001, 0.004, 0.042, 0.018, 0.010, 0.020, respectively). Interestingly, the risk of ORN had no significant difference between conformal and intensity modulation radiation therapy (P = 0.407). Multivariate analysis revealed that DM and resected bone height to original bone height ratio ≥ 50% were independent risk factors for postoperative ORN. A nomogram consisting of BMI, DM, resected bone height to original bone height ratio, mandibulotomy, and mandibular dose for predicting the ORN‐free probability was established; and the c‐index of the nomogram for ORN status was 0.803.

Conclusion

A nomogram based on the risk factors was plotted to strengthen the prediction of ORN quantitatively. Surgeons should be more discrete regarding the treatment plan for patients with higher probability of ORN.

Level of Evidence

3b. Laryngoscope, 2019

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Epidemiology and resource utilization of ludwig angina ED visits in the United States 2006–2014

Objectives

Ludwig angina is a potentially lethal submandibular space infection. We aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics of Ludwig angina patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) and to examine outcomes and resource utilization to determine their burden on ED and hospitals.

Methods

Using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database, a nationally representative all‐payer database, we retrospectively reviewed all ED visits between 2006 and 2014 for patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of Ludwig angina (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 528.3). We collected information including demographics, ED and inpatient charges, airway interventions, length of stay, and mortality.

Results

A total of 5,855 patients met our inclusion criteria. In our study population, the mean age was 44.5 years, with 54% males and 46% females. There were 75% insured and 25% uninsured. Overall median ED charges were $1,352 and median inpatient charges were $18,017.54, with a median length of stay of 3 days. As part of their management, 47.2% of the patients received a surgical drainage procedure, 3.3% required a surgical airway, and 4.6% required a nonsurgical airway. The overall mortality rate was 0.3%.

Conclusion

Ludwig angina remains a rare and potentially life‐threatening condition. The mortality rate appears to be decreased from previous historical accounts, with airway intervention remaining a significant part of management.

Level of Evidence

3. Laryngoscope, 2019

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Multicenter randomized crossover trial evaluating the provox luna in laryngectomized subjects

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the relative compliance and the dermatological and pulmonary outcomes when the Provox Luna system (Atos Medical, Malmö, Sweden) is added during the night to the usual tracheastoma care of laryngectomized subjects.

Methods

This was a multicenter randomized crossover trial conducted in the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, and Maastricht University Medical Center in The Netherlands. The study included 46 laryngectomized subjects with prior heat and moisture exchanger (HME) and adhesive experience.

Results

A significant improvement in the number of compliant individuals was found: Luna: n = 43 of 45 (96%); usual care: n = 35 of 46 (76%), P = 0.02. The Luna period was associated with longer intervals of daily HME use (Luna 23.2 hours [range: 15.6–24.0 hours], usual care [UC]: 21.5 hours [range: 6.0–24.0 hours], P = 0.003) and an increased frequency of skin improvement overnight (Luna 3.9 days [standard deviation (SD)]: 7.0 days), Usual Care: 8.1 days ([SD: 10.8 days], P = 0.008). Fifty‐six percent (n = 26) of participants wanted to continue using the Provox Luna system at the conclusion of the study.

Conclusion

An improvement in compliance and skin recovery overnight was observed when the Provox Luna was added to the usual adhesive and HME use. Therefore, there is utility in supplementing the usual post‐total laryngectomy care with the Provox Luna system at night, particularly in the setting of compliance concerns and in subjects who desire dermatological relief overnight.

Level of Evidence

1B. Laryngoscope, 2019

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Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic analysis of oxymetazoline use during nasal surgery in children

Objectives/Hypothesis

Oxymetazoline is an α‐adrenergic agonist that is commonly used as a topical hemostatic agent in the operating room during ear, nose, and throat surgery. There are limited data on oxymetazoline pharmacokinetics in children who undergo general anesthesia. We assessed the hemodynamic effects and systemic absorption of topically applied oxymetazoline in children undergoing various nasal procedures.

Study Design

Prospective trial.

Methods

Children ages 2 to 17 years undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery, turbinate resection, or adenoidectomy were enrolled. The surgeon placed oxymetazoline‐soaked pledgets (1.5 mL of 0.05% solution) according to our usual clinical practice. Blood samples for oxymetazoline assay were drawn at 5, 10, 20, 45, 90, and 150 minutes, and hemodynamic data were recorded at 5‐minute intervals. Data analysis included mixed‐effects regression and population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling.

Results

The analysis included 27 patients, age 7 ± 4 years, who received between 2 and 12 pledgets (3–18 mL) of oxymetazoline. Relative bioavailability compared to the spray formulation was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6‐3.2), with slow absorption from the mucosal surface (absorption half‐life 64 minutes; 95% CI: 44‐90). Mean arterial pressure did not increase with oxymetazoline instillation at the observed oxymetazoline serum concentrations (0.04‐7.6 μg/L).

Conclusions

Despite concerns regarding oxymetazoline administration to mucosal membranes, we found that hemodynamic changes were clinically negligible with our usual clinical use of pledgets soaked in oxymetazoline. Compared to data on oxymetazoline in spray formulation, bioavailability was increased twofold with pledgets, but systemic absorption was very slow, contributing to low serum concentrations and limited hemodynamic effects.

Level of Evidence

1b. Laryngoscope, 2019

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A nomogram to predict osteoradionecrosis in oral cancer after marginal mandibulectomy and radiotherapy

Objective

There is no useful tool to clinically predict the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible quantitatively. The aim was to investigate the risk factors, including different modalities of radiotherapy, for developing mandibular ORN in patients undergoing marginal mandibulectomy and postoperative radiotherapy.

Methods

Between January 2006 and December 2012, 167 subjects who underwent marginal mandibulectomy and postoperative radiotherapy with different modalities were enrolled. The association of ORN with mandibular bone measurements and patient variables was analyzed, and a nomogram was established.

Results

Fifteen (8.98%) of the 167 patients developed ORN during the follow‐up period, and ORN was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), body mass index (BMI), remaining bone height, remaining bone height to original bone height ratio, resected bone height to original bone height ratio, and mandibular dose (P: < 0.001, 0.004, 0.042, 0.018, 0.010, 0.020, respectively). Interestingly, the risk of ORN had no significant difference between conformal and intensity modulation radiation therapy (P = 0.407). Multivariate analysis revealed that DM and resected bone height to original bone height ratio ≥ 50% were independent risk factors for postoperative ORN. A nomogram consisting of BMI, DM, resected bone height to original bone height ratio, mandibulotomy, and mandibular dose for predicting the ORN‐free probability was established; and the c‐index of the nomogram for ORN status was 0.803.

Conclusion

A nomogram based on the risk factors was plotted to strengthen the prediction of ORN quantitatively. Surgeons should be more discrete regarding the treatment plan for patients with higher probability of ORN.

Level of Evidence

3b. Laryngoscope, 2019

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Epidemiology and resource utilization of ludwig angina ED visits in the United States 2006–2014

Objectives

Ludwig angina is a potentially lethal submandibular space infection. We aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics of Ludwig angina patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) and to examine outcomes and resource utilization to determine their burden on ED and hospitals.

Methods

Using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database, a nationally representative all‐payer database, we retrospectively reviewed all ED visits between 2006 and 2014 for patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of Ludwig angina (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 528.3). We collected information including demographics, ED and inpatient charges, airway interventions, length of stay, and mortality.

Results

A total of 5,855 patients met our inclusion criteria. In our study population, the mean age was 44.5 years, with 54% males and 46% females. There were 75% insured and 25% uninsured. Overall median ED charges were $1,352 and median inpatient charges were $18,017.54, with a median length of stay of 3 days. As part of their management, 47.2% of the patients received a surgical drainage procedure, 3.3% required a surgical airway, and 4.6% required a nonsurgical airway. The overall mortality rate was 0.3%.

Conclusion

Ludwig angina remains a rare and potentially life‐threatening condition. The mortality rate appears to be decreased from previous historical accounts, with airway intervention remaining a significant part of management.

Level of Evidence

3. Laryngoscope, 2019

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Evodiamine inhibits migration and invasion by Sirt1-mediated post-translational modulations in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most difficult cancers to cure. An important prognostic factor is metastasis, which precludes curative surgical resection. Recent evidences show that Evodiamine (EVO) exerts an inhibitory effect on cancer cell apoptosis, migration, and invasion. In this study, we investigated the effects of EVO on the metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, wound-healing and transwell assay showed that migration and invasion of HT-29 and HCT-116 CRC cells were inhibited significantly by EVO. Western blot and RT-PCR showed that EVO reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a dose-dependent manner. In EVO-induced cells, the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio was increased, the level of Sirt1 was increased, and acetyl-NF-κB P65 was decreased. This process was inhibited by nicotinamide, an inhibitor of Sirt1. In vivo, EVO reduced tumor metastasis markedly. These findings provide evidences that EVO suppresses the migration and invasion of CRC cells by inhibiting the acetyl-NF-κB p65 by Sirt1, resulting in suppression of metalloproteinase-9 expression in vitro and in vivo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. https://ift.tt/1hexVwJ Correspondence to Jing Li, PhD, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China Tel: +86 133 7076 2980; fax: +86 023 6848 5111; e-mail: lijingyangyan@sina.com Received July 14, 2018 Accepted January 18, 2019 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Evodiamine inhibits migration and invasion by Sirt1-mediated post-translational modulations in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most difficult cancers to cure. An important prognostic factor is metastasis, which precludes curative surgical resection. Recent evidences show that Evodiamine (EVO) exerts an inhibitory effect on cancer cell apoptosis, migration, and invasion. In this study, we investigated the effects of EVO on the metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, wound-healing and transwell assay showed that migration and invasion of HT-29 and HCT-116 CRC cells were inhibited significantly by EVO. Western blot and RT-PCR showed that EVO reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a dose-dependent manner. In EVO-induced cells, the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio was increased, the level of Sirt1 was increased, and acetyl-NF-κB P65 was decreased. This process was inhibited by nicotinamide, an inhibitor of Sirt1. In vivo, EVO reduced tumor metastasis markedly. These findings provide evidences that EVO suppresses the migration and invasion of CRC cells by inhibiting the acetyl-NF-κB p65 by Sirt1, resulting in suppression of metalloproteinase-9 expression in vitro and in vivo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. https://ift.tt/1hexVwJ Correspondence to Jing Li, PhD, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China Tel: +86 133 7076 2980; fax: +86 023 6848 5111; e-mail: lijingyangyan@sina.com Received July 14, 2018 Accepted January 18, 2019 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Is it Bad to Sleep with Wet Hair?

If you shower before bed, you've probably wondered whether sleeping with damp hair is a problem. Maybe you've heard it could make you sick, or that it can damage your hair or skin. What's the truth? Let's address the "it can make you sick" myth first. "This idea seems to fit into the old bit of folklore that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold," says Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of medicine in the Division of Infectious Diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. While this idea persists, Schaffner says it was long ago disproved. It's true that you're much more likely to catch a common cold during the winter months. But this has to do with the ways respiratory viruses proliferate an...

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