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Osteopontin might be associated with remodeling in asthmatic patients. Morimoto et al (Immunity 2018;49:134-50, e6; https://ift.tt/2QrYsNI) have identified an important role for amphiregulin-producing pathogenic memory TH2 (Tpath2) cells in this process. The epithelium-derived cytokine IL-33 induced amphiregulin-producing TH2 cells through its cell-surface receptor ST2. Amphiregulin led to reprogramming of eosinophils into an inflammatory state with enhanced secretion of the profibrotic protein osteopontin.

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