Effect of Age, Sex, Bolus Volume, and Bolus Consistency on Whiteout Duration in Healthy Subjects During FEES

AbstractOne of the major limitations of the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is related to the challenging application of temporal measures. Among them, Whiteout (WO) is due to pharyngeal and tongue base contraction and might be used as an estimation of the pharyngeal phase duration. The aims of this study were to evaluate the inter- and intrarater reliability of WO duration and to appraise the effects of age, sex, volume, and texture of the boluses on this temporal measurement. A total of 30 healthy volunteers were recruited. According to their age, the subjects were grouped into three different age groups. Each of them underwent FEES examination with different textures (liquid, semisolid, and solid) and volumes. FEES examinations were video recorded, processed with t...

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