Impact of abdominal visceral adiposity on adult asthma symptoms

Publication date: Available online 24 November 2018

Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice

Author(s): Houman Goudarzi, Satoshi Konno, Hirokazu Kimura, Hironi Makita, Munehiro Matsumoto, Nozomu Takei, Hiroki Kimura, Kaoruko Shimizu, Masaru Suzuki, Yoichi M. Ito, Masaharu Nishimura, HiCARAT investigators

Abstract

Background

Previous studies have shown the association of anthropometric measures with poor asthma symptoms, especially among women. However, the potential influence of visceral adiposity on asthma symptoms has not been investigated well.

Objective

In this study, we have evaluated whether visceral adiposity is related to poor adult asthma symptoms independent of anthropometric measures and sex. If this relationship presented, we investigated whether it is explained by influence on pulmonary functions and/or obesity-related comorbidities.

Methods

We analyzed data from 206 asthmatic subjects from Japan. In addition to anthropometric measures (BMI and waist circumference), abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat were assessed by computed tomography (CT) scan. Quality of life was assessed using the Japanese version of the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ).

Results

All obesity indices had inverse association with reduced asthma quality of life among females. However, only the visceral fat area showed a statistical inverse association with AQLQ in males. Only abdominal visceral fat was associated with higher gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and depression scores. Although all obesity indices showed inverse association with functional residual capacity, only visceral fat area had a significant inverse association with FEV₁ % predicted, independent of other obesity indices.

Conclusion

Regardless of sex, abdominal visceral fat was associated with reduced asthma quality of life independent of other obesity indices, and this may be explained by the impact of abdominal visceral fat on reduced FEV₁ % predicted and higher risk for GERD and depression. Therefore, visceral adiposity may have more clinical influence on asthma symptoms than any other obesity indices.

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