TLR Activation Alters Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Differentiation

Early exposure to inflammatory signals may have a lasting impact on immune function. Present throughout embryogenesis, macrophages are key cells providing innate immune protection to the developing fetus and newborn. Here, we have used an established model of macrophage development to test how early inflammatory signals can impact cellular differentiation and function. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were treated withEscherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 2 days after initial isolation and culture. LPS treatment during this early stage of differentiation decreased the expression of CSF1R and increased that of the mature macrophage marker F4/80. These early changes in macrophage differentiation were also measured in cells from mice lacking IKK β, but the change in CSF1R expression after...

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