Evaluation of Mandible Fractures in Patients with Sickle cell anemia- A Nationwide study

Publication date: Available online 3 January 2019

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): Maryam Akbari, Riddhi Patel, Vincent Carrao, Ward Hagar, Elliott Vichinsky, Sung-Kiang Chuang

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia is the most commonly inherited blood disorder in the United States. Despite its prevalence, clinicians know little about the extent of its impact on orofacial manifestations. Methods: All patients with diagnoses of both mandible fracture and sickle cell anemia admitted between 2004 and 2014 were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Patient demographics, fracture regions, and complications were characterized by descriptive statistics. Results: 51 out of 48,464 patients admitted for mandible fracture had sickle cell anemia. The mean age of the identified patients was 25 years of age, with a range of 4 to 58 years of age. Of all admitted patients, mandible angle fracture was the most common at 19%, followed by the body of the mandible. Seventy-five percent of the cases reviewed were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Conclusion: The majority of mandible fractures in patients with sickle cell anemia are located in the angle of the mandible. Complications were minimal and outcomes satisfactory. Aseptic necrosis of the jaw is a frequent complication of mandible fracture in patients with sickle cell anemia. These results provide clinicians with a better understanding of the distribution and hospital course of patients with sickle cell anemia and facial fractures.

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