Immunotoxic effects of 4-nonylphenol on Clarias gariepinus: cytopathological changes in hepatic melanomacrophages

Publication date: Available online 3 December 2018Source: Aquatic ToxicologyAuthor(s): Alaa El-Din H. Sayed, Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem, Nasser S. Abou KhalilAbstractMelanomacrophage centres (MMCs) play a key role in the immune response in fish. They are considered sensitive bio-monitoring structures with roles in the assessment of toxicant impacts. The aim of this study was to examine the potential histopathological effect of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) on hepatic MMCs in Clarias gariepinus. To achieve this objective, adult male fish were divided randomly and equally into two groups: a control group and a group that was exposed to 4-NP (dissolved in water at a dose of 0.1 mg/L) for 21 days. The 4-NP-intoxicated hepatic MMCs contained numerous necrotic macrophages. Superoxide dismutase 2 was immuno-e...

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