Higher consumption of Allium vegetables may modulate insulin homeostasis: A longitudinal follow-up study

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Journal of Herbal Medicine

Author(s): Parvin Mirmiran, Zahra Bahadoran, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi

Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated the association between habitual consumption of allium vegetables (raw garlic and onion) and the incidence of insulin resistance (IR), β-cell dysfunction and hyperinsulinemia.

Methods

Adult men and women, participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006-2008 to 2009-2011), were recruited. Habitual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Fasting serum insulin (FSI) and fasting glucose were measured at baseline and again after 3 years. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA of β-cell function were calculated. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the occurrence of IR, β-cell dysfunction and hyperinsulinemia across tertiles of allium vegetable intakes, with adjustment for potential confounding variables.

Results

Mean age of participants was 39.0 ± 11.2 years and 45.5% were men. Baseline mean FSI and HOMA-IR was 8.9 ± 5.0 μU/mL, 1.93 ± 1.22, and 149 ± 86, respectively. Compared to the lowest tertile, the highest category of allium vegetables intake (≥142 vs. <8.0 g/week) was accompanied with a significant decreased risk of IR (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38-1.00) and hyperinsulinemia (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.36-0.96). There was no significant association between allium vegetable intakes and β-cell function.

Conclusion

Higher consumption of allium vegetables may be considered as a nutritional strategy to improve glucose/insulin homeostasis.

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