Clinical and patient-reported outcomes after image-guided intra-articular therapeutic hip injections for osteoarthritis-related hip pain: a retrospective study

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate change in patient-reported outcomes following image-guided intra-articular therapeutic steroid hip injections for pain and assess correlations of outcomes with patient- and injection-specific factors.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients treated for hip pain who completed outcomes assessments from October 2011 to September 2017 at an outpatient orthopedic surgery clinic. Only patients with radiographic hip osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade ≥ 1) who underwent steroid hip injections were included. Outcomes assessments included EuroQol-5 domain (EQ5D), EQ5D-visual analog scale (VAS), and hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS), obtained before and within 1–6 months post-injection. Among 113 patients who completed surveys, the mean age was 59 years (±13.7 years), including 77 women (68%) and 36 men (32%). Time to repeat injection or arthroplasty was recorded. Exact Wilcoxon signed rank test assessed score differences and Spearman correlation, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney tests assessed correlations.

Results

Of 113 patients, 34 had outcomes measured at <8 weeks and 79 at ≥8 weeks. There was no significant change among any of the patients, short- or long-term follow-up subgroups in EQ5D (p = 0.450, 0.770, 0.493 respectively), EQ5D-VAS (p = 0.581, 0.915, 0.455), average-HOOS (p = 0.478, 0.696, 0.443) or total-HOOS (p = 0.380, 0.517, 0.423) scores. Forty-nine patients underwent hip arthroplasty within 1 year. Positive correlation was found between days from injection to surgery and change in EQ5D (r = 0.29, p = 0.025), average-HOOS (r = 0.33, p = 0.019), and total-HOOS (r = 0.37, p = 0.008).

Conclusion

We demonstrated no significant change in patient-reported outcomes measured at short- and long-term intervals up to 6 months after therapeutic steroid hip injections.

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