The effect of differences in the number of fiber bundles of the anterior tibial ligament on ankle braking function: a simulation study

Abstract

Purpose

The aim was to clarify the effect of differences in the number of fiber bundles of the anterior tibial ligament (ATFL) on ankle braking function.

Methods

The study sample included 81Japanese cadavers. ATFLs were categorized as: Type I with one fiber bundle; Type II with two fiber bundles that were completely separated; and Type III with three fiber bundles. Three-dimensional reconstructions of a single specimen from each category were then created. These were used to simulate and calculate ATFL strain during dorsiflexion (20°) and plantarflexion (30°) on the talocrural joint axis and inversion (20°) on the subtalar joint axis.

Results

Almost all types of superior fiber lines were stretched with dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. Regardless of Type, the inferior fiber line was shortened with plantarflexion and stretched with dorsiflexion. The inferior fiber bundle of Type III was shortened only at plantarflexion 30° and inversion 20°, but in all others it was stretched.

Conclusions

The results suggest that Type III was weaker than Type I and Type II in terms of ankle plantarflexion and inversion braking function.

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